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ISO Certifications Presented By: Anupam Kumar Reader, School of Management Science, Varanasi. Email: [email protected]

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This presentation was delivered at the Business Skill Development Programme held at MCIIE, IT-BHU, Varanasi

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Page 1: ISO Certifications

ISO Certifications

Presented By: Anupam Kumar

Reader, School of Management Science, Varanasi.

Email: [email protected]

Page 2: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 2

Origin of ISO Standards• Published from the International Organization for

Standardization.• About International Organization for Standardization– Worldwide federation of national standards bodies– Presently comprising of 170 member countries– Promotes development of standardization and related

activities across the world– Objective is to facilitate exchange of goods and services

and development of cooperation in intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activities.

Page 3: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 3

About ISO• ISO develops standards and guides to encourage

good practice in accréditation and certification.

• ISO does not issue certificates.

• ISO does not accredit, approve or control the certification bodies.

• ISO does not carry out ISO 9001 or ISO 14001 certification.

Page 4: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 4

ISO 9000 Series of Standards

• Initial standards based on BS 5750: 1979 that was developed by British Standards Institution (BSI)

• ISO 9000 series was first published in 1987

• About ISO 9000 family of standards – Relate to Quality Management Systems– Designed to help organizations as guidelines– Ensures that the customers & stakeholders needs are met

Page 5: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 5

Evolution of ISO 9000 Series• ISO 9000: 1987 came up with 3 models for quality

management systems– ISO 9001: 1987

• Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and servicing

– ISO 9002: 1987• Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing• Similar to the ISO 9001: 1987 version except covering the creation of new

products.

– ISO 9003: 1987• Model for quality assurance in final inspection and test• Not concerned with how the product was made and was only concerned

about the final inspection and testing of quality.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 6

Evolution of ISO 9000 Series• ISO 9000 series was first amended in 1994 which had the

following details.• ISO 9000: 1994 emphasized on:

– Preventive action instead of checking just the final product– Need for evidence of compliance along with the documented

procedures• ISO 9001: 2000 version: Amendment resulted in combination

of the 9001, 9002 and 9003 standards into one called the 9001.– Design & development procedures were required only if the company

was engaged in creation of new products– Process Management, monitoring and optimizing company’s task

instead of just inspection, was included– Involvement of top management – Expectation of continual process improvement and tracking customer

satisfaction

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 7

About ISO 9000 Standards• The family of ISO 9000 standards developed by International

Organization for Standardization and is made of the following core standards– ISO 9000: 2000

• Fundamentals & Vocabulary– ISO 9001: 2000

• Quality Management Systems – Requirements• Deals with the requirements that have to be met by the organizations

which want to adopt the ISO standards.– ISO 9004: 2000

• Quality Management Systems – Guidelines for performance improvements

• Relates to organizations who wish to improve beyond the scope of ISO 9001:2000.

• Has an element of self evaluation and this standard does not stand for certification.

Page 8: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 9

Evolution of ISO 9000 Series

Page 9: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 10

Evolution of ISO 9000 Series

• ISO 9001: 2008 version– Introduced clarifications to the requirements of ISO 9001:

2000 version– Also introduced certain changes to make is consistent with

ISO 14000: 2004 certification

• ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are among ISO's most well known standards ever– ISO 9001 helps organizations to implement quality

management– ISO 14001 helps organizations to implement

environmental management.

Page 10: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 11

About ISO 14000 Standards

• ISO 14000 family of Standards pertain to Environmental Management

• These standards help organizations– Minimize the negative affect on the environment in their

operations– Comply with applicable laws, regulations and other

environmentally oriented requirements– Continually improve the above

• ISO 19011 audit standard applies when auditing for both 9000 and 14000 compliance.

Page 11: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 13

Evolution of ISO 14000 Series• BSI Group publishes the first Environmental

Management System Standards BS 7750: 1992

• ISO 14000 series first published in 1996.– ISO 14001: 1996 relates to standards used by

organizations for designing and implementing an effective environmental management system

– ISO 14004: 1996 relates to general guidelines on principles, systems and support techniques

• The latest amended standard among ISO 14000 series is ISO 14001: 2004, which is a generic standard.

Page 12: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 14

Generic StandardsISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are generic standards. Generic means that the same standards can be applied: • to any organization, large or small, whatever its product or

service,• in any sector of activity, and• whether it is a business enterprise, a public administration, or

a government department.• no matter what the organization's scope of activity• if it wants to establish a quality management system, ISO

9001 gives the essential features• or if it wants to establish an environmental management

system, ISO 14001 gives the essential features.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 15

Quality Management

• ISO 9001 is for quality management. • Quality refers to all those features of a product (or

service) which are required by the customer.• Quality management means what the organization

does to – ensure that its products or services satisfy the customer's

quality requirements– comply with any regulations applicable to those products or

services– enhance customer satisfaction, and– achieve continual improvement of its performance

Page 14: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 16

Environmental Management

• ISO 14001 is for environmental management. • This relates to what the organization does to:– minimize harmful effects on the environment

caused by its activities, – to conform to applicable regulatory

requirements, and to– achieve continual improvement of its

environmental performance.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 17

Management System

• Management system means what the organization does to manage its processes, or activities in order that

– its products or services meet the organization’s objectives, such as• satisfying the customer's quality requirements, • complying to regulations, or • meeting environmental objectives

Page 16: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 18

Management System

• Management system means– To be really efficient and effective– the organization can manage its way of doing things by

systemizing it.– Nothing important is left out.– Everyone is clear about who is responsible for doing

what, when, how, why and where.

• Management system standards provide the organization with an international, state-of-the-art model to follow.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 19

ISO Standards & Management Systems

• Large organizations, or ones with complicated processes, could not function well without management systems.

• Companies in such fields as aerospace, automobiles, defence, or health care devices have perfected management systems over the years.

• The ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 management system standards make these successful practices available for all organizations.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 20

Benefits of ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

• International, expert consensus on state-of-the-art practices for quality and environmental management

• Common language for dealing with customers and suppliers worldwide in B2B.

• Increase efficiency and effectiveness.

• Model for continual improvement.

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 21

Benefits of ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

• Model for satisfying customers and other stakeholders.

• Build quality into products and services from design onwards.

• Address environmental concerns of customers and public, and comply with government regulations.

• Integrate with global economy• Sustainable business• Unifying base for industry sectors

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 22

Benefits of ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

• Qualify suppliers for global supply chains• Technical support for regulations• Transfer of good practice to developing

countries• Tools for new economic players• Regional integration• Facilitate rise of services

Page 21: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 23

Our Take from ISO Standards

• Organization can implement and benefit from an ISO 9001 or ISO 14001 system without having it certified

• Certification is not a requirement of ISO 9001 or ISO 14001

• Certification is a decision to be taken for business reasons:– if it is a contractual, regulatory, or market requirement,– If it meets customer preferences– it is part of a risk management programme, or – if it will motivate staff by setting a clear goal

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 24

Our Take from ISO Standards

• Both ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 concern the way an organization goes about its work

• Processes affect final products or services and they are process standards.

• ISO 9001 gives the requirements for what the organization must do to manage processes affecting quality of its products and services through– Setting Processes– Documentation & Document Control– Customer Focus– Production Processes & Monitoring Processes– Reviews, Controls and Improvement

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 25

ISO 9001 on Setting Processes

• Through the implementation of ISO 9001 Standards, an organization– determines the processes needed for the quality management system

and their application,– determines the sequence and interaction of these processes,– determines criteria and methods needed to ensure that both the

operation and control of these processes are effective,– ensures the availability of resources and information necessary to

support the operation and monitoring of these processes,– monitors, measures where applicable and analyzes these processes,– implements actions necessary to achieve planned results and

continual improvement of these processes.

Back

Page 24: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 26

ISO 9001 Process: Documentation

• For the implementation, an organization, needs to document– Quality policy and quality objectives– Quality manual– Procedures and records– Records necessary to ensure• Effective Planning• Operation of processes• Control of processes

Back

Page 25: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 27

ISO 9001 Process: Document Control

• ISO 9001 requires organizations to control various documents– to approve documents for adequacy prior to issue,– to review and update as necessary and re-approve documents,– to ensure that changes and the current revision status of documents

are identified,– to ensure that relevant versions of applicable documents are available

at points of use,– to ensure that documents remain legible and readily identifiable,– to ensure that documents of external origin determined by the

organization are identified and their distribution controlled, and– to prevent the unintended use of obsolete documents, and – to apply suitable identification to obsolete documents if they are

retained for any purpose.

Back

Page 26: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 28

ISO 9001 Process: Customer Focus

• For the implementation of ISO 9001 an organization needs to determine and document:– requirements specified by the customer, including the

requirements for delivery and post-delivery activities,– requirements not stated by the customer but necessary

for specified or intended use, where known,– statutory and regulatory requirements applicable to the

product, and– any additional requirements considered necessary by the

organization.

Back

Page 27: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 29

ISO 9001 Process on Production & Service

• ISO 9001 requires all production and service to happen under controlled conditions while ensuring:

– the availability of information that describes the characteristics of the product,

– the availability of work instructions, as necessary,– the use of suitable equipment,– the availability and use of monitoring and measuring equipment,– the implementation of monitoring and measurement activities, and– the implementation of product release, delivery and post-delivery

activities

Back

Page 28: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 30

ISO 9001 Process: Monitoring & Measuring Equipment Control

• ISO 9001 requires processes to ensure that monitoring and measurement can be carried out, and is carried out in a manner that is consistent with the monitoring and measurement requirements

– calibrated, verified or both at specified intervals, or prior to use, against measurement standards traceable to international or national measurement standards; where no such standards exist, the basis used for calibration or verification shall be recorded,

– adjusted or re-adjusted as necessary,– have identification in order to determine it’s calibration status,– safeguarded from adjustments that would invalidate the measurement result,

and– protected from damage and deterioration during handling, maintenance and

storage. Back

Page 29: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 31

ISO 9001 Process: Provision of Reviews

• ISO 9001 recommends provision of timely management reviews. The input to management review includes information on below:– results of audits,– customer feedback,– process performance and product conformity,– status of preventive and corrective actions,– follow-up actions from previous management reviews,– changes that could affect the quality management system,

and– recommendations for improvement.

Back

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© Anupam Kumar 2011 32

ISO 9001 Process on Controls• Provisions are made to ensure control over various non-

conformities while also advising on the course of action on the same– by taking action to eliminate the detected nonconformity,– by authorizing its use, release or acceptance under concession by a

relevant authority and, where applicable, by the customer, and– by taking action to preclude its original intended use or application.– by taking action appropriate to the effects, or potential effects, of the

nonconformity when nonconforming product is detected after delivery or use has started.

Back

Page 31: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 33

ISO 9001 Process on Improvements

• It recommends actions for Corrective and Preventive Actions to be taken for improvements through

– reviewing nonconformities, including customer complaints,– determining the causes of nonconformities,– evaluating the need for action to ensure that non-conformities do not

recur,– determining and implementing action needed,– records of the results of action taken, and– reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action taken

Back

Page 32: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 34

ISO Certifications: Conclusions• ISO develops standards and guides to encourage good

practice in accréditation and certification.• Processes affect final products or services and ISO 9001 or

ISO 14001 are process standards.• Certification is a decision to be taken for business reasons:

– if it is a contractual, regulatory, or market requirement,– If it meets customer preferences– it is part of a risk management program, or – if it will motivate staff by setting a clear goal

• Certification is not a requirement of ISO 9001 or ISO 14001

Page 33: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 35

Burden of ISO Certification

Page 34: ISO Certifications

© Anupam Kumar 2011 36

Bibliography• riverheightsconsulting.com • http://isoqualitykit.blogspot.com/• www.iso.org • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9000• www.iso.org/iso/ims-alerts_9001_14001_overview• www.bis.org.in/cert/faqmscd.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

File:Evolution_of_ISO_9000_series.png• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_14000• www.bsigroup.com/

Page 35: ISO Certifications

For Further Queries, Contact:

Anupam KumarReader,

SMS VaranasiEmail: [email protected]