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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTERACTIVE SYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY FACILITY (ISPF) . 3 1.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 3 1.2. DIALOGUES ...................................................................................... 3
1.2.1. DIALOGUE MANAGEMENT .......................................................................... 3 1.3. THE TPX MENU ................................................................................. 5 1.4. THE PRIMARY OPTION MENU ........................................................... 8 1.5. PDF : THE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT FACILITY ................................. 9 1.6. PROGRAM FUNCTION KEYS ............................................................ 10
1.6.1. PF1: HELP ....................................................................................................... 10 1.6.2. PF2: SPLIT SCREEN ...................................................................................... 10 1.6.3. PF3: END ......................................................................................................... 11 1.6.4. PF4: RETURN ................................................................................................. 11 1.6.5. PF5: REPEAT FIND ........................................................................................ 11 1.6.6. PF6: REPEAT CHANGE ................................................................................. 11 1.6.7. PF7: SCROLLUP ............................................................................................. 11 1.6.8. PF8: SCROLL DOWN ..................................................................................... 12 1.6.9. PF9: SWAP SCREEN ...................................................................................... 12 1.6.10. PF10: SCROLL LEFT ...................................................................................... 12 1.6.11. PF11: SCROLL RIGHT ................................................................................... 12 1.6.12. PF12: CURSOR TO COMMAND ................................................................... 12
1.7. OTHER OPTIONS ............................................................................ 12 2. THE ISPF EDITOR .......................................................... 21
2.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 21 2.2. LINE EDIT COMMANDS ................................................................... 22
2.2.1. INSERT ............................................................................................................ 24 2.2.2. DELETE ........................................................................................................... 27 2.2.3. REPEAT ........................................................................................................... 30 2.2.4. MOVE, AFTER & BEFORE ........................................................................... 32 2.2.5. COPY ............................................................................................................... 33 2.2.6. COLS ................................................................................................................ 35 2.2.7. TABS ................................................................................................................ 36
SOFTWARE TABS ..................................................................................................... 36 LOGICAL TABS ......................................................................................................... 37
2.2.8. DATA SHIFTING ............................................................................................ 38 2.2.9. TEXT HANDLING COMMANDS ................................................................. 38 2.2.10. OVERLAY ....................................................................................................... 40
2.3. PRIMARY EDIT COMMANDS ............................................................ 41 2.3.1. LOCATE .......................................................................................................... 41 2.3.2. FIND & CHANGE ........................................................................................... 41 2.3.3. RFIND & RCHANGE ...................................................................................... 43 2.3.4. EDIT PROFILES ............................................................................................. 44 2.3.5. EDIT MODES .................................................................................................. 45 2.3.6. HEX .................................................................................................................. 48 2.3.7. NULLS CONTROL ......................................................................................... 49 2.3.8. RESET .............................................................................................................. 49 2.3.9. SORT ................................................................................................................ 49
2.4. EDIT TERMINATION ....................................................................... 50 2.4.1. END .................................................................................................................. 50 2.4.2. SAVE ............................................................................................................... 51 2.4.3. CANCEL .......................................................................................................... 51
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3. TSO COMMANDS ............................................................ 52 3.1. HELP .............................................................................................. 52 3.2. DELETE ........................................................................................... 53 3.3. RENAME ......................................................................................... 53 3.4. ALLOCATE ...................................................................................... 53
3.4.1. ALLOCATING A NEW DATASET ............................................................... 53 3.4.2. ALLOCATING A FILE TO A DATASET ...................................................... 54
3.5. JCL COMMANDS .............................................................................. 55 3.5.1. SUBMIT ........................................................................................................... 55 3.5.2. STATUS ........................................................................................................... 55 3.5.3. CANCEL .......................................................................................................... 55 3.5.4. SUBMISSION OF JCL UNDER ISPF ............................................................ 55 3.5.5. INTERACTIVE OUTPUT FACILITY (IOF) .................................................. 56
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ISPF
1. INTERACTIVE SYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY FACILITY
(ISPF)
1.1. INTRODUCTION
The Interactive System Productivity Facility (ISPF) and the
ISPF/Program Development Facility (PDF) are related IBM products
that are designed to increase user productivity in the development
of various applications. They contain special functions for
interactive application development which set up DIALOGUES for
the user to communicate his/her needs to the function. ISPF is
thus a dialog manage for interactive application and provides
control and services to allow the processing of the application in
many host environments, PDF is a facility that aids the user in
developing many types of applications. It uses an interaction
environment to assist with many programming tasks.
The dialogue management functions of ISPF and the program
development functions of PDF were previously combined in the
predecessor program product, the System Productivity Facility
(SPF). SPF was split to reduce the cost for customers who either
wanted only the dialogue management functions or those who
wanted the program development functions.
From this is can be seen that ISPF is the base product of PDF and
other interactive applications. Whereas PDF is a dialogue in its own
right and runs with the control and services of ISPF.
1.2. DIALOGUES
1.2.1. DIALOGUE MANAGEMENT
ISPF allows a wide variety of dialogue organizations. The primary
contents of a dialogue are
Selection panels (menus), which present the user with particular
processing options
Function (commands or programs), which perform the requested
processing.
Data entry panels, where the user supplies additional information
needed for the application to be processed.
Functions can take the form of a Clist, or be a program (usually
written in an assembler-level language). Or a compiler.
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Dialogues are thus composed of a series on control or program
elements that tell ISPF about the flow or paths to be taken is the
application, and data elements that supply the information to be
presented to the end user of the dialogue. The interface between
the end user and the application is a panel or visual display image
that conveys information to the user. The user responds to this
panel either to supply data or to control the flow of the application.
The user may split the display screen into two logical screens at
any time during a dialogue when a command can be invoked. The
two logical screens are then treated by the system as independent
terminals. Only one of the logical screens are then treated by the
system as independent terminals. Only one of the logical screens
is considered to be active at any one time; the position of the
cursor is used to determine which screen is active. (See Section
6.2.2 Program Function Keys).
A dialogue consists of:
1. Panels, which are predefined display images. There are
basically four types of panel.
1.1 Selection Panel (also known as Menus), which prompt the
user to select from specified options.
1.2 Data Entry displays, which prompt the user to supply information.
1.3 Tables, which display selected entries from an array of
data.
1.4 Information display, such as tutorial panels.
Selection and data entry may be combined on one panel.
2. Functions, which are programs or command procedures that
perform processing or control the flow of a dialog or both.
3. Messages, which provide specific information to the user.
They provide information about the flow of a dialogue, an
acknowledge that a request has been processed, or a
warning to alert the user that something is not processing
as expected.
4. Tables, which are array of data. They may be used to store
data temporarily, or may be retained for use in another
session. They may also be shared between different
applications.
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A dialogue may be organised in a variety of ways to suit the
requirements of the application and the needs of the user. A
typical dialogue organisation stars with the display of the highest
level menu. User options selected from this menu any result in the
invocation of either a dialogue function or a lower level menu.
Each lower level menu may pass control to other functions or still
lower level menus.
Eventually a dialogue function receives control (Another way of
expressing this is that the user actually decides to do something).
The function may use any of the dialogue services provided by
ISPF. Typically, the function displays data entry panels to prompt
the user for information. When the function is completed, the
panel that it was invoked form is re-displayed.
1.3. THE TPX MENU
Following is the first screen if you logon to Main Frame through
Humming bird
Type TPX2 as below
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In Main Frame if your enter a command and press ENTER, in the
bottom line “X SYSTEM” will appear that means what ever
command you pressed that command is in process.
See below screen.
Then you will get the following logon screen
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Enter Userid and Password and then press ENTER you will enter
into the “THE TPX MENU”
Important Note: Enter password ONLY once and if password is not
tallied disconnect from File option and again connect from File
option. If you enter wrong password more than two times your
password will be suspended and reactivation of password is not
possible immediately.
See below is the TPX MENU
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In the above screen TSOD PF1 DEVELOPMENT TSO is to enter in to
the TEST Environment and TSOP PF4 DEVELOPMENT TSO is to
enter in to the PROD Environment.
Enter K in Command line to exit “THE TPX MENU”.
1.4. THE PRIMARY OPTION MENU
Press PF1 you will get the Primary Option Menu
To select a particular option the user enters the relevant number in
the OPTION command line. For example, to enter PDF option the
user would enter S
OPTION ===> S and press ENTER
The screen relating to this selection would then be displayed.
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1.5. PDF: THE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT FACILITY
PDF is entered through option S on “PRIMARY OPTION MENU”. It is
an ISPF dialogue that is designed to increase programmer
productivity in an interactive environment. PDF helps to simplify
the most common programming tasks by relieving the programmer
of the most tedious and repetitive operations. There are five types
of panel which are presented to the PDF user:
1. Selection panels (menus), where the user chooses from a
list of option by typing a (usually) one-character code. The
first PDF menu, the primary option panel, is an example of
this.
2. Data entry panels, where the user supplies parameters by
filling in labeled fields. One features of PDF is that the
user’s last entry is many fields are “remembered” the next
time the panel is displayed.
3. Member selection lists, which displays a list of members in a
particular programming library. A member is selected for
processing by typing one character n from of the
appropriate member name.
4. Data display panels, which display either source code or
data set listings.
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5. Table display panels, which display table data when in
dialogue test mode (no covered on this course).
1.6. PROGRAM FUNCTION KEYS
There are usually 24 keys which can be set to simplify
programming tasks. There are the Program Function, or PF keys.
Occasional all twenty-four are set to different values, the more
normal usage is to have PFs 1-12 duplicate the functions of PFs 13-
24. The keys can be accessed and changed by selecting ISPF
option 0.3 or by typing in the ISPF command “KEYS”.
The setting of the PF keys in ISPF are listed here and will be
discussed in detail in the following section. Note that these are the
IBM standard for PF key settings, and may vary from installation to
installation, and may be set differently.
KEY FUNCTION
PF1 Help
PF2 Split Screen
PF3 End
PF4 Return
PF5 Repeat Find
PF6 Repeat Charge
PF7 Scroll Up
PF8 Scroll Down
PF9 Swap Screen
PF10 Scroll Left
PF11 Scroll Right
PF12 Cursor to Command
1.6.1. PF1: HELP
This key calls up extra information on the ISPF function currently
being used. Effectively, a call is made to the relevant part of the
Tutorial. Note that when in help mode the settings of the PF keys
may change again, but the settings will always be printed on the
screen.
1.6.2. PF2: SPLIT SCREEN
This is a very useful function. The effect is to split the terminal into
two logical screens, each running ISPF. The “active” screen is the
one containing the cursor.
To effect the split, the cursor is positioned some where in the line
on the screen where the split is to occur. This will usually be some
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where near the middle of the screen. Keying PF2 causes the screen
to split at this line, and the Primary Option Menu will be displayed
in the lower screen. If the cursor is moved to the command line of
the lower screen any ISPF option can be selected.
The most useful ways of using a screen in split mode is to have a
program (or any dataset) listing in one half of the screen and PDF
options or TSO command option, in the second half. Using this
method a compiler or linker listing can be examined in one logical
screen and any necessary amendments to the program performed
in the other half.
1.6.3. PF3: END
This key terminates the current function. The screen to appear will
be the one that the just ended function was called form. This
means that if the Browse option had been selected and the name of
a data set entered, then the contents of the data set would appear
on the screen. To terminate the Browse PF would be entered and
the Browse screen would reappear.
If the Primary Option Menu is displayed PF3 takes the user back
into TSO.
1.6.4. PF4: RETURN
The setting of this key can be somewhat variable, depending upon
the installation.
1.6.5. PF5: REPEAT FIND
This key is only valid if the user is in either Browse or Edit. If a
FIND command was used, then this key will repeat it.
1.6.6. PF6: REPEAT CHANGE
This key is only valid in edit mode and repeats the last CHANGE
command that was specified.
1.6.7. PF7: SCROLLUP
This causes scrolling up to occur in whatever dataset or file being
examined. The view thus moves towards the start of data. The
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amount of scrolling depends on the setting of scroll field in the
second line on the screen; the scroll will be a page, a half-page, or
will depend upon the position of cursor if the CUR option is
specified.
1.6.8. PF8: SCROLL DOWN
This has a similar effect to PF7 except that scrolling occurs
downwards; in other words, towards the end of the data.
1.6.9. PF9: SWAP SCREEN
This key transfers the position of the cursor into the other logical
screen, when the screen is operating in split-screen mode. The
transfer is made to the point where the cursor was previously
positioned in the screen, irrespective of its position in the other
logical screen.
1.6.10. PF10: SCROLL LEFT
As for PFs 7 and 8, this key causes scrolling left by an amount that
depends on the setting of the Scroll field. ON most datasets this
will have no effect, as the size of 80 characters, and this will fit
onto one screen.
1.6.11. PF11: SCROLL RIGHT
This key acts in a similar fashion to PF10 except that scrolling
occurs to the right.
1.6.12. PF12: CURSOR TO COMMAND
This key moves the cursor from wherever it is on the screen back
to the Command line.
1.7. OTHER OPTIONS
From DEVELOPMENT CENTER PRIMARY OPTION MENU following are
some important day to day using options
2 ---> DESIGN SERVICES
Some sub options in “DESIGN SERVICES” are
6: APS Application Painter
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This option is used for Create and Edit APS painted
applications. All APS COBOL programs are edited
and generated (compilation) from this option.
R: Component Registration
which is used for registering the new components ie.
JCL’s, Programs, Files
3 ---> INPUT/OUTPUT SERVICES
The most important option in “INPUT/OUTPUT SERVICES” is
E: Edit Endevor Element
This is used for edit the any element which is there in
PROD environment.
5 ---> TESTING SERVICES
Some sub options in “TESTING SERVICES” are
4: FILE-AID
File-AID Browse, allows full-screen browse access to
any standard dataset type with record lengths of up
to 32,767 bytes.
9: QMF (Query Management Facility)
E: XPEDITER
Debug tool for APS COBOL programs.
6 ---> INSTALLATION SERVICES
Some sub options in “INSTALLATION SERVICES” are
5: DB2 OVERRIDES
This is used for creating, rebinding TESTPLAN’s
E: CA-Endevor
Endevor is a used to retrieve elements from
PRODUCTION
7 ---> MONITORING SERVICE
5: SAR JCL is used to see job results.
A ---> ABEND-AID
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To see information of ABEND jobs.
I ---> IOF
IOF – Job List Menu is used for monitoring jobs which are
currently running.
R ---> BOOK/READ
MF Reading Material
S ---> PDF
ISPF Primary Option Menu
T ---> TUTORIAL
Tutorial on Main Frame
S – ISPF Primary Option Menu
This option is used to Allocate a data set, Rename a data set, Delete a
data set and other options.
After coming to ISPF Primary Option Menu, enter 3 and press ENTER you
we get the following screen
To display a list of data set names or to see all members in a data set
Press 4 ENTER you will get the below screen
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Then Enter a PDS name or a data set name against Dsname Level :
like below
Then press ENTER
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To see all members in APS.TEST.APSPROG type m against this line like
below
then press ENTER you will all the members in this PDS
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To locate a member in APS.TEST.APSPROG type l or L and member name
in Command line
To Allocate a PDS following is the procedure
From ISPF Primary Option Menu enter 3 the following screen will appear
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Then enter 2 in the Option line and press ENTER
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Enter name of PDS you want to create in the Data Set Name line and A in
the Option line like below
Press ENTER you will get the below screen
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If you want to create a PDS, enter 1 or above in the Directory blocks or
enter zero to create a PS and then press ENTER
You can see in the right hand corner ‘ Data set allocated’.
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THE ISPF EDITOR
2. THE ISPF EDITOR
2.1. INTRODUCTION
The edit function ISPF allows the user to create, display and modify
source data stored in ISPF libraries or other partitioned or
sequential data sets. These data sets must be of one of the
following formats:
Record format (RECFM)
Fixed or Variable
Blocked or Unblocked
Logical record length (LRECL)
Fixed length records : 10 to 255 (inclusive)
Variable length records : 14 to 259 (inclusive)
The ISPF editor is full screen editor and as such does not
distinguish between “input mode” and “edit mode”. The insert line
command can be used to add new lines to the data.
If an empty sequential data set or new member of a partitioned
data set is set for editing, the initial display appears as follows :
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The dots on the left of the screen will be filled with sequence
numbers when information is entered on the lines. Also, LINE
COMMANDS can be entered in this area – lines can be inserted,
deleted, moves etc; we will be looking at line commands in Section
2 in this Training Material.
There are two types of command that are used to control the edit
in ISPF:
Line commands, entered in the line command field on any line by
over typing the line number displayed in that filed.
Primary commands, entered in the command field at the top of the
screen:
LINE Commands can be used to:
- insert lines
- delete lines
- repeat lines
- rearrange lines by moving or copying
- control cols and tabs for editing
- change the indentation of data
- Handling Text
PRIMARY Commands can be used to:
- locate a specific line
- find and change a character string
- control the editing environment
- resetting messages, lines and profile
- save the edited data, or cancel the edit without saving
2.2. LINE EDIT COMMANDS
Basic commands: I D R
Move/Copy commands: C M A B O
Shifting commands: ) ( > <
Exclude/Show commands: X F L S
Text handling commands: TE TF TS LC UC
Miscellaneous commands: BNDS COLS MASK TABS
Data commands: MD
Line commands are entered by over typing the six-digit line
number in the line command area on one or more lines. Single-
character line commands operate on individual lines (e.g. D to
delete a line, I to insert a line, M to move a line) and double-
character commands operate on blocks of lines (e.g. DD to two
lines to indicate a block of lines that are to be deleted). In most
cases a number may follow the line command to indicate multiple
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occurrences (e.g. I5 to insert five blank lines). You can key in
several line commands as well as data modifications before you
press ENTER. Error messages are displayed if the line commands
are ambiguous.
When you enter a line command or data modification and press the
ENTER key, Edit frequently repositions the cursor to another line or
to another location within the data. Edit attempts to anticipate the
most appropriate position for the cursor, based upon your previous
action. To assist the locating the cursor edit intensifies the line
number field on the line that contains the cursor.
In general you only need to over type the first one or two
characters in the line number field. In some cases, through, typing
a single character is ambiguous.
For Example:
031600
R31700
031800
It is unclear whether the user has typed a single R to repeat line
31700, or R3 to repeat it three times. In such cases, edit assumes
that there is NO number following the letter.
If you do in fact want to repeat the line three times, you can:
1. Leave the cursor on the character immediately
following:
R31700
2. Type one or more blanks following the R3:
R3 700
3. Type one or more blanks following the R but before
the number (this is a confusing method, but is
allowed by the editor)
R3700
4. Type R3 and press the ERASE rest of the line
command field
The following commands can be typed in the line command field in
the TOP OF DATA line (six asterisks):
I or In Insert one or n lines at the top of the data
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A or An Move or copy one or n lines at the top of the
data
The following line command can be entered in the line command
field in the BOTTOM OF DATA line, again by over typing the
asterisks:
B or Bn Move or copy n lines following the data
BASIC COMMANDS
Three of the most commonly used line commands are I
(insert), D (delete) and R (repeat). Together they provide
the most basic line editing functions.
The following topics are presented in sequence, or may be
selected by name:
I - insert line (to insert one or more lines of new data)
D - delete line (to delete one line, several lines, or a
block of lines)
R - repeat line (to repeat a single line one or more times,
or to repeat a block of lines one or more times).
2.2.1. INSERT
Use I to insert one or more lines into the data.
I - causes one line to be inserted.
I3 - causes 3 lines (or any number of lines) to be
inserted.
000300
i0400 a line is to be inserted after this line.
000500
causes
000300
000400 a line is to be inserted after this line.
'''''' _
000500
An "INSERT" line is identified by ('''''') in the sequence field
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To insert a line, enter the single character “I in the line command
area, over typing the line number. When you press the ENTER key,
the editor inserts a new line immediately following the line
containing the “I”.
A number may follow the “I” to indicate that more than one line is
to be inserted. For example, I5 would indicate the file lines are to
be inserted. The command format is:
I insert a line
In insert n lines
If you enter any data on an inserted (even a blank character) the
line becomes part of the source data and is assigned a line number
the next time you press the ENTER key. If you enter no
information on an inserted line the line is automatically deleted the
next time you press the ENTER key. If you enter information of the
LAST inserted line and press ENTER, another line is generated
following that line. This enables line after line of data to be entered
in “continuous insert” mode.
For example, if you enter I in line number 000400 and I3 in line number
001000 like below
Then if you press ENTER you will get the below screen and the cursor will
blink after the line 000400.
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If you press ENTER without entering any thing on blank lines implies your
INSERT session closed. If you press ENTER in you will get the below
screen.
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If you enter the below line for insertion and press ENTER you will get the
below screen.
If press ENTER the INSERT mode will be closed and the cursor will blink in
000500 line.
2.2.2. DELETE
To DELETE a line, enter the single character “D” in the line
command area, over typing the line number. A number may follow
the “D” to indicate the number of lines to be deleted. D99999 will
delete from that line to the end of the data.
D Delete one line
Dn Delete n lines
DD Delete a block of lines
To delete a block of lines, enter the double character “DD” in the
line command area of the first and last lines to be deleted. The
first and last lines need not be on the same screen display; you can
use scrolling to between entering the first “DD” and the second.
The deletion only takes effect the next time ENTER is pressed.
If we had the following:
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Then to delete lines 40 to 51 both inclusive we would key two “DD”
commands as follows (lower-case “d” can also be used).
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And on pressing ENTER would end up with:
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2.2.3. REPEAT
To REPEAT a line, enter the single character “R” in the line
command area. As with INSERT and DELETE, a number of lines can
be repeated.
R Repeat a line
Rn Repeat a line n times.
To repeat a block of lines, enter the double character “RR” in the
line command area of the first and last line in the block. As with
Delete, these lines do not have to be on the same screen display.
A number may follow the “RR” on either the first or last line of the
block (or both) to indicate that the block is to be repeated more
than once.
RR Repeat a block of lines
RRn Repeat a block of lines n times.
Line renumbering will in general be in multiples of ten, going into
units where necessary. It is possible, if there are a large number of
repetitions, for some of the original lines in the data to be re-
numbered.
Ex: To repeat 48 to 50 lines from the above screen type RR or rr in
both the lines like below
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and then press ENTER you will the screen like below
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2.2.4. MOVE, AFTER & BEFORE
A To the line After this line
B To the line Before this line
These commands are entered in the line command area of the lines
concerned. When the ENTER key is pressed the line with the M is
placed either immediately after the line with an “A” in the line
command area or before the line with a “B”.
M Move a line
Mn Move a lines
MM Move a block of lines
A number may also follow the A or the B line command to indicate
that the moved line(s) are to be repeated.
Ex. To move 46 line to after 51 type m in 46 line and a in 51 line as
below
Press the ENTER and the move will take place:
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2.2.5. COPY
The procedure for copying lines is identical to that for moving,
except that the C and CC commands are used instead of the M or
MM. The copy operation leaves the original line in place, and
makes a duplicate at the intended destination.
C Copy a line
Cn Copy n lines
CC Copy a block of lines
The A and B commands apply as in the move option.
A To the line After this line
B To the line Before this line
Ex: Type in CC CC for a block and a or b as below :
To copy Line Nos.10, 11 and 12 lines and append from Line No.8
below is the procedure:
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and then press ENTER you will get the below screen
Instead of copy if you want to move these lines (10,11,12) type
mm in place of cc
And if you want to move before line just type b in that line.
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2.2.6. COLS
You can display a column identification line by entering the COLS
command in the line command area. The command is simple:
COLS
When you press the ENTER a special line is inserted at the
designated position and the remaining lines are pushed down one
position. So the example if we had the following just before
pressing the ENTER key
And then pressed ENTER key we would get:
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The 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 are column positions as multiples of ten; the
15th, 25th etc. are indicated by the + sign.
The column identification line can be deleted from the display either
by typing a “D” in the line command area of the column
identification line, or by using the primary command RESET or RES.
You can have more than one column line. If you do, they are all
removed when RESET or RES is entered. The column identification
line is never saves as part of the data.
2.2.7. TABS
Tab settings can be set up by specifying the command.
TABS
In the line sequence (prefix) field during an editing session. The
tabs line is then inserted into the screen, and appears as follows
Screen
And then pressed ENTER we would bet
Screen
Two types of tabs are available : software tabs and logical tabs
SOFTWARE TABS
Software tabs are used by the editor to reposition the cursor.
Whenever the cursor is in the data portion o a line and you press
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ENTER, the cursor is moved to the next software tab position. This
assumes that software tab settings have been defined; it is why,
when you logon to TSO, the cursor is sitting in the correct position
for you to input your password.
Software tab positions are defined by means of the TABS line
command. Each hyphen (-) or underscore (_) character in the tabs
line defines a software tab position or tab field. Software tabs take
effect immediately upon being defined in the tabs line. They are
unaffected by the setting of tabs mode and hence are unaffected by
the use of the TABS primary command.
So if in the example above we had specified software tabs in
columns 10 and 25.
Screen
Then if we insert lines into the text the cursor will be positioned in
the first available inserted line, at column 10. If we overwrite data
on a currently existing line then pressing ENTER moves the cursor
to the next tab position.
LOGICAL TABS
(See also section 3.5)
Logical tabs are used by edit to break up strings of data entered on
line and to re-position the strings to user–defined tab positions.
The beginning of each string is indicated by user-defined special
character that must not be a common delimiter.
Logical tabs are defined by means of the TABS line command.
Each asterisk (*) in the TABS line indicates the position of a logical
tab. These tabs do not take effect, though, until turned on by the
use of the TABS primary command.
The TABS primary command controls the tab mode and defines the
logical tab character that is to be used. The command has the
following format.
TABS [ON]
TABS [OFF]
ON is assumed in the profile. The tab-character the ALL operands
are only valid if the tab mode is on.
The tab-character consists of a single, non-alphameric (special)
character, it defines the character that is to be interpreted as a
logical tab whenever it is encountered. For example:
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TABS ON $
And have tab positions defined in columns 10, 20 and 30 on the
TAB line
Screen
2.2.8. DATA SHIFTING
Data shift line command scan be used to shift the contents of a line
(or block of lines) left or right. The data shift symbols are the
opening bracket and closing backed symbols.
) Shift right TWO column position
) Shift left TWO column position
(( Shift block of lines left two column position
)) Shift block of lines right two column position
(n Shift left n column position
)n Shift right n column position
((n Shift block of lines left n column position
))n Shift block of lines right n column position
Data shifting attempts to shift the contents of a line without losing
data. If data loss is possible (for example trying to shift data that
starts in column 1 two positions left) then the shift will not be done
and the message =ERR> appears appears all lines that would be so
affected by the shift.
So for example if we had
Screen
Then the result of pressing ENTER would be
Screen
2.2.9. TEXT HANDLING COMMANDS
These command allow the PDF editor to be used in a similar fashion
to a Word processor
These are three line commands
TE, TF and TS
These are Text Enter, Text Flow and Text Split
These commands can be used together, for entering or splitting
text and then reflowing it again
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Ex: Enter TE in the number fields:
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
0te001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short
000002 unique language that runs in an IBM mainframe
000003 environment. A JCL job is a collection of statements.
000004 that specify the resources required to run the job
000005 to the operating system.
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
When ENTER is pressed we get
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
0te001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short
is a powerful, flexible and
Rest of screen left blank for input.
Text flow (TF) reformats the line, to flow the text into lines which fit
the screen. The formatting stops when an empty line is
encountered.
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
0tf001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short
000002 is a powerful, flexible and
000003 unique language that runs in an IBM mainframe
000004 environment. A JCL job is a collection of statements.
000005 that specify the resources required to run the job
000006 to the operating system.
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
When ENTER is pressed we get :
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
000001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short is a powerful,
000002 flexible and unique language that runs in an IBM
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000003 mainframe environment. A JCL job is a collection of
000004 statements that specify the resources required
000005 to run the job to the operating system.
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
To use the text split (TS) facility enter in TS in the line number field
and position the cursor at the point where you wish to break the
line example:
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
0ts001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short is a powerful,
000002 flexible and unique language that runs in an IBM
000003 mainframe environment. A JCL job is a collection of
000004 statements that specify the resources required
000005 to run the job to the operating system.
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
Text can now be added at the point of the split. In this case after
line “is a powerful”
The TF command can now be used again to reflow the text.
2.2.10. OVERLAY
The Overlay command is used it merge lines together. By typing
an “O” in the line number field of the lines you want to overlay, and
by typing an “M” or “C” on the lines of overlayed text, the lines will
be merged together.
Eg:
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
00o001 Job Control Language, or
00m002 JCL for short is a powerful,
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
When ENTER is pressed we get :
EDIT ------ T1OPSBW.NEW.DATA(TEST)----- COLUMNS 001 072
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COMMAND ===> SCROLL ===> HALF
********************** TOP OF DATA *******************
000001 Job Control Language, or JCL for short is a powerful,
********************* BOTTOM OF DATA ****************
Only blank characters will be overlayed. The effect of this is to
underlay the line being copied to. In the example above the space
following the word “or” was blank, thus a straight overlay of the
blanks was possible.
2.3. PRIMARY EDIT COMMANDS
The primary commands of the ISPF Editor are the commands that
deal with the edit environment. The allow you to find lines, change
lines, merge and segment data. All these commands are entered in
the Command area on line 2 of the panel.
Remember that your editing environment is a set of conditions in
which you perform your editing. Each condition is called a mode
and is controlled by one or more commands. The settings of these
modes have defaults and can be displayed by using the profile
display and control facilities.
In this Section the curly brackets {} will be used to indicate that an
operand is optional.
2.3.1. LOCATE
The LOCATE command performs up or down scrolling, as
necessary, to a specified line number. If the specified line number
cannot be found, scrolling is done to the line that precedes the
specified line. The syntax of the command is simple:
LOCATE line-number
LOC
L
Line-number is a numeric value up to eight digits long. Leading
zeroes are not required. If the line number has six (or less) digits
then the line number referred to is the line in the line command
field displayed at the left of each line; otherwise, it refers to the
sequence numbers in the data records.
2.3.2. FIND & CHANGE
The FIND and CHANGE commands allows you to find a specified
character string and to change one character string into another.
These commands operate over & complete file rather than on a
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single data or text line and are therefore primary commands,
entered on line 2 of the panel.
The basic format of the commands is:
FIND string-1 {ALL}
F
And for change:
CHANGE string-1 string-2 {ALL}
CHG
C
If the operand ALL is omitted, the commands search of the next
occurrence of string-1 starting at the current cursor location, or
from the first display line if the cursor is not in the data area.
Scrolling is performed to bring string-2 into view. The cursor is
positioned under the string (for CHANGE it is re-positioned at the
end of the changed string) and a message appears in the top right
hand corner of the screen. If the string is not found between the
current cursor position and the bottom of the data, a “BOTTOM OF
DATA REACHED” message is displayed.
When all ALL operand is used the search for string-1 stars at the
top of the data, and positions the cursor under the first occurrence.
For CHANGE command, each line on which the change occurs is
indicated with the message =CHG> in the line number field.
FIND & CHANGE – FULL SYNTAX
For completeness, the full syntax of the FIND and CHANGE
commands is given here
FIND string-1 {NEXT} {CHARS} {X} {col-1} {col-2}
F {ALL} {PREFIX} {NX}
{FIRST} {SUFFIX}
{LAST} {SORD}
CHANGE string-1 string-2 other operands as for FIND
CHG
C
The default are NEXT and CHARS
NEXT, ALL, FIRST, LAST and PREV specify the starting point,
direction and extent of the search.
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NEXT: The scan stars at the current cursor location and proceeds
forward to fine the next occurrence of string-1
ALL : The scan starts at the top of the data and proceeds forward
to find all occurrences of string-1
FIRST: The scan starts at the top of the data and proceeds forward
to find the first occurrences of string-1
LAST : The scan starts at the bottom of the data and proceeds
backwards to find the last occurrence of string-1
PREV : The scan starts at the current cursor location and proceeds
backwards to find the previous occurrence of string-1
Ex Screen for change and find commands
When ENTER is pressed we get:
Result screens
In general, strings can be used without delimiters, but delimiters
must be used if a string contains embedded blanks or commas, or
if the string is command keywords. The delimiter can be either an
apostrophe (‘) or a quotation mark (“).
Eg.
COMMAND ===> Change ‘Shanker’ Fred
The two strings in the CHANGE command do not have to be the
same length as automatic shifting occurs by adding or deleting
blank characters to the right of the substitution. Data is never lost;
if insufficient blanks occur for the substitution to take place the
message =ERR> is set in the line number field.
Following a CHANGE command, you can reset the =CHG> and
=ERR> line messages to normal using the RESET or RES command,
or by over typing the line number or data on those lines.
2.3.3. RFIND & RCHANGE
RFIND is REPEAT FIND and can be invoked by the PF17 key.
RCHANGE is REPEAT CHANGE and is the PF18 key. They can be
used to find each occurrence of a character string, examine it, and
then either change it (by pressing the PF18 key) or go on to the
next occurrence (by pressing the PF17 key). The PF5 and PF6 keys
have the same function.
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To invoke this sequence, type the required CHANGE command on
line 2 of the panel, but then, rather than pressing ENTER, press the
RFIND key, PF17. This will position the cursor at the start of the
first occurrence of string-1, without changing it. Then to affect the
change press PF18, and to pass over the string and go on to the
next one press PF17. For each effect change the message =CHG>
appears in the line number field.
2.3.4. EDIT PROFILES
A PROFILE is a set of modes that edit operates under while editing
the data in effect, it is a group of mode settings.
PDF maintains up to 25 different edit profiles for each user. This
allows different mode settings to be retained and used as the initial
settings for different types of data.
Each profile is normally associated with the data type (i.e. the ISPF
library type, or, the last qualifier in the data set name). For
example, if a data set of type COBOL was being edited, the default
profile contains whatever modes were in effect the last time a
COBOL type data set was edited. The user can create additional
profiles by using a profile name on the edit entry panel, or as an
operand on the profile command. If you already have 25 edit
profiles, the least recently used profile is deleted when a new
profile is generated.
The default mode settings are (i.e. there are the setting when you
edit a data set for the first time, or specify a new profile name on
the edit entry panel).
NUMBER ON NULLS OFF
AUTONUM OFF TABS OFF
STATS ON HEX OFF
AUTOLIST OFF RECOVERY OFF
CAPS ON PROFILE UNLOCK
IMACRO NONE PACK OFF
NOTE ON
You may display your current edit profile at any time during your
edit session by using the PROFILE primary command. You can also
use the command to define a new profile or to switch to a different
profile. Profile definitions are not covered on this course.
The command is simple enough:
PROFILE
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PROF
PRO
The resulting display will look similar to
=PROF> … ON (VARIABLE –251)……. RECOVERY OFF …
=PROF> … NUMBER OFF …. CAPS OFF .. HEX OFF…
=PROF> .. NULLS ON STD .. TABS OFF .. AUTONUM OFF
=PROF> ..AUTOLIST OFF .. STATS ON … PROFILE UNLOCK
=PROF> IMACRO NONE.. PACK OFF .. NOTE ON ..
000001
000002
To eliminate the profile form the display use the RESET or RES
primary command (see 3.8) or the block delete line command.
2.3.5. EDIT MODES
There are many different modes that edit can operate in. Some are
more useful than others. The most useful modes are Nulls, Hex
and Tabs.
1. Recovery mode
This mode controls the automatic recording of edit
transactions to ease recovery in the event of a system
failure.
2. Number mode
This mode controls the validation and generation of
sequence numbers.
3. Caps mode
This controls the translation of alphabetic characters to
upper case.
4. Hex mode
This controls the display of data in hexadecimal format.
When this mode is set, the data can be changed either by
amending the hex display to whatever control characters are
required, or by amending the data itself, in which case the
hex representation will also change.
5. Null mode
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This controls the replacement of trailing blanks at the end of
the data with null characters on the display. This is
important if you want to insert data into a line, as unless
you have NULLS ON you will not be able to.
6. Tabs mode (See section 2.7)
This controls the use of ‘hardware’, ’software’ or ‘logical’
tabs.
7. Autosave mode
This controls the automatic saving of data when a PF key or
jump junction is used.
8. Autonum mode
This controls the automatic renumbering of data when it is
saved.
9. Autolist mode
This controls the automatic recording of source listings in
the ISPF list file.
10. Stats mode
This controls the generation of library statistics.
11. Profile lock
This controls the saving of a profile once it has been set.
12. Imcro
This controls the identification of an Imacro to be executed.
13. Pack
This controls the packing of text when the dataset is saved,
in order to save disc space.
14. Note
This is used in conjunction with the Model Primary command, to
turn notes on or off.
Three of these mode settings are automatically changed when data
is fetched for editing, if appropriate.
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NUMBER MODE is set on or off depending upon whether the data
currently contains sequence number.
CAPS MODE IS SET on or off depending upon whether the data
currently has lower case alphabetics.
STATS MODE is set on if the member currently has no statistics. If
stats mode is already on add the member has no statistics, a
caution message is displayed and the stats mode is left on. (Stats
mode is ignored for sequential data sets)
A caution message is displayed whenever the editor automatically
changes one of the mode settings. This message is displayed in
the first two lines of the data area.
The caution message looks as follows:
==MSG> -CATION-PROFILE CHANGED TO “STATS ON”
==MSG> (FR0M “STATS OFF”) BECAUSE ISPF
==MSG> STATISTICS ALREADY EXIST FOR THIS MEMBER
000003
000004
Caution messages can be deleted from the display editor by using
the RESET or RES primary command (see 3.8) or by deleting the
individual lines (“D” in line command). Caution message are never
saved as part of the data.
Sequence Number Generation & Control
These commands allow the user to generate and control the
numbering of lines in the data.
NUMBER :Verifies that lines are properly numbered, and renumbers
them to maintain the proper sequence. The default is NUMBER ON.
The command syntax is:
NUMBER {ON}
NUM {OFF}
RENUM : Renumbers all lines, starting at 100 and incrementing by
100, and positions the screen so that column 1 is on the left. The
syntax is
RENUM {STD} {COBOL}
REN
UNNUM : Turns off line numbering by setting all sequence fields to
blanks, turning off number mode and positioning the screen so that
column 1 is at the left. It is valid only when number mode is on.
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The UNNUM command has no operands and can be abbreviated to
UNN.
AUTONUM : Automatically renumbers data whenever it is saved.
Provided Number mode is on at the same time.
AUTONUM {ON}
{OFF}
Sequence numbers normally starts at 100 and are incremented in
steps of 100. When lines are inserted, the tens or units positions
are used. If necessary, one or more succeeding lines are then
renumbered automatically to keep the sequence numbers in order.
If the STATS mode is off, or if a sequential data set is being edited,
standard sequence numbers are eight digits right justified within
the line. COBOL sequence numbers are always six digits.
2.3.6. HEX
When edit is operating in hexadecimal (hex) mode three lines are
displayed for each source line. The first line shows the data in
standard character form. The next two lines show the hexadecimal
representation.
You can change any invalid (i.e. non-displayable) characters by
over typing the hexadecimal representation. Any valid character
can be changed by over typing either the standard character
representation or the hexadecimal equivalent.
The Hex command is
HEX {ON} {VERT}
{OFF} {DATA}
Also, the FIND and CHANGE (Section 3.2) commands can be used
to fine and change invalid characters or any specific hex character,
regardless of the settings of hex mode. When hex is set on the
display will look like:
Screen for Hex example
When ENTER is pressed we get:
Result Screen for Hex example
VERT displays the representation vertically, as in the diagram.
DATA display the hexadecimal representation as a continuous
string, which might be useful under some circumstances.
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Nondisplayable characters are replaced on the screen with attribute
bytes, which are displayed as blanks and may not be overtyped.
ISPF allows the user to display and edit invalid characters by
entering HEX mode. To find a nondisplayable character type in :
FIND P’.’
2.3.7. NULLS CONTROL
Nulls mode determines whether trailing blanks in each data filed
are written to the screen as blanks or nulls. The term “data field”
here refers to the 72 characters of data on each line. Nulls can be
turned on or off with the Nulls command:
NULLS {ON} {ALL}
NULL {OFF}
NULLS ON is the default, but it is possible that it will not be use on
in your profile.
The ALL operand is valid only when nulls mode is turned on. This
causes all trailing blanks and all-blanks fields to be replaced by
nulls. Omitting ALL preserves one trailing blank, followed by nulls;
all-blank fields continue to display blanks.
Blank characters (Hex ‘40’) and nulls (Hex ‘00’) both appear as
blanks. Trailing nulls simplify the user of INSERT mode to insert
characters in a line. In addition to using the Nulls command to
create trailing nulls the ERASE EOF or DELETE key can be used.
Null characters are never stores in the data; they are always
translated to blanks.
2.3.8. RESET
To reset the screen, and to erase messages, Type in RESET or RES
on the command line.
Ex : Screen for RES command
When ENTER is pressed we get :
Result screen for RES command
2.3.9. SORT
This is used to sort data into alphabetic or numeric order.
Ex.
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COMMAND ===> sort
000001 three
000002 five
000003 one
000004 four
000005 two
000006 2
000007 1
000008 5
000009 4
000010 3
When ENTER is pressed we get:
000001 five
000002 four
000003 one
000004 three
000005 two
000006 1
000007 2
000008 3
000009 4
000010 5
If we wish to sort in descending order the sort command is suffixed
with the letter ‘d’.
sort d
2.4. EDIT TERMINATION
2.4.1. END
Normally you would complete your edit session using the END
command, or PF3 of PF15 keys, which instigates the following:
1. If any changes have been made to the data:
The data is renumbered if both number mode and
autonum mode are both on.
The data is automatically saved. Note that special
lines such as TABS, COLS and profile lines, are never
saved as part of the data.
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Stats are updated (or generated if none existing
previously) if the stats mode is on and the data is a
member of an ISPF library or partitioned data set.
2. A return is then made to the previous display (either the
member list or the edit entry panel). When the return is to
the member list, the name of the member list, the name of
the member that has just been edited appears at the top of
the display.
2.4.2. SAVE
The SAVE command is used to save the results of edit session. The
edited data will be transferred into permanent disk memory, but
the user will be left in the edit screen, for further work.
2.4.3. CANCEL
CANCEL cancels all changes that have been made to the data since
either the beginning of the edit session or the last SAVE command,
whichever is the most recent.
The PDF editor will allow a user to edit another users data set. If
this occurs and RACF permission has not been grated, the cancel
option may be the only way out of the edit session.
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TSO COMMANDS
3. TSO COMMANDS
This handout contains a brief description of some important TSO
commands along with short description and syntax.
The TSO commands are issued on the READY prompt. The general
format of TSO commands is
COMMAND-NAME OPERANDS
A TSO command is generally followed by one or more operands.
There are two types of operands. Viz. Positional and keyword.
Ex: RENAME OLDFILE NEWFILE
(Old data set name) (New data set name)
Keyword operands are specific names or symbols that have
particular meaning to the system
Ex: SEND USER (uid)
(Keyword parameter)
3.1. HELP
The HELP command or subcommand can be used to obtain
information about the function, syntax & operands of commands
and subcommands and information about certain messages.
This reference information is contained in the system and is
displayed at terminal to a request for help.
The syntax for HELP command is
HELP (sub) command parameters
The HELP command provides help on the command specified.
The HELP command without operands will list all the commands
grouped by the function.
The parameters on the HELP command are used to control the
amount of help displayed. User can list just the function
description of any command or just the operands description using
parameters.
Ex: HELP DELETE
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The above HELP command will list help of the TSO Command
DELETE.
3.2. DELETE
The Delete command has the simplest syntax of all the TSO
commands; it is:
DELETE dataset-name
It is only possible to delete datasets in the current user log-on
identify.
When deleting PDS’s it is only necessary to supply the PDS name.
It is not necessary to delete each member separately. If it is
required to delete a member of a PDS then the member name must
be supplied in brackets after the PDS name, and then only that
member will be deleted.
3.3. RENAME
Rename works in similar fashion to Copy and renames a dataset or
a member of a PDS:
RENAME oldname newname
For example, to rename the dataset TEST.DATA to FINAL.DATA
To rename a member of a PDS the command can be varied slightly.
To rename the member TESTJCL in the PDS JCL.CNTL to NEWJCL.
REN JCL.CNTL(TESTJCL) (NEWJCL).
3.4. ALLOCATE
3.4.1. ALLOCATING A NEW DATASET
The Allocate command is used to create a list of attributes for non-
VSAM datasets; items such as blocksize, buffer length, record
length, expiry dates, record format, data set organisation, directory
blocks etc. can be set up using this command once the attribute list
is set up the dataset can be allocated dynamically.
ALLOC DA (dsn) parameters
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For example:
ALLOC DA(MY.DATA) LRECL(80) BLKSIZE(4000)
DSORG(PO) RECFM(FB) SP(1, 1) TR NEW
DIR(5) EXPD(88365) VOL(USER44)
Would allocate a dataset called MY.DATA with the following
characteristics:
RECORD LENGTH : 80 bytes
BLOCK SIZE : 4000 bytes
ORGANISATION : partitioned
RECORD FORMAT : fixed and blocks
SPACE ALLOCATION : 1 track, primary & secondary
EXPIRY DATE : 31st December, 1988
VOLUME SERIAL : USER44
DIRECTORY BLOCKS : 5
The SP option is useful as the default is (10, 50). Ten tracks likely
to be far too much for most dataset – 1 track is usually ample. The
size of a dataset can also be specified in terms of BLOCKS or
CYLINDERS, but tracks is the usual option.
3.4.2. ALLOCATING A FILE TO A DATASET
The Allocate command illustrates the difference between files and
datasets in TSO. Datasets in TSO are the names of the data
groups as catalogued; a file is a program-defined name that relates
to an external file. Allocate provides the link between the dataset
and the program.
For example :
ALLOC FILE (INFILE) DA(EX1.DATA)
Links the dataset EX1.DATA to the program-defined file INFILE.
After this command INFILE and EX1.DATA are deemed to be
allocated by the system to the program concerned an are
unavailable for any other use.
An asterisk may be used instead of a dataset name to indicate that
you want to use the terminal for input or output. If this option is
used then only the FILE or DDNAME parameters should be entered;
all other operands are ignored.
The FILE (name) or DDNAME (name) specifies the name to be
associated with the dataset, and may be eight characters
maximum. This name corresponds to the file referred to by a
program.
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3.5. JCL COMMANDS
This topic is strictly more relevant to the JCL course, but is
considered briefly here.
The programmer sends a job to JES using the SUBMIT command.
At this stage the job is given an identify number and then goes
through a conversion phase in which the JCL syntax is checked. If
there are no errors the job is stores on a spool devise to await
initiation by a job initiator. The initiator requests jobs from JES,
and sets up a Control Block for the job from the job’s requirements
and allocates the devices needed or processing to occur.
3.5.1. SUBMIT
SUBMIT is used to submit a job for background execution. It can
be used from within the editor.
The syntax is simple :
SUBMIT dsn
The dsn must have a qualifier of CNTL; that is, it contains JCL.
At this stage the job is allocated a job identity and job name. A job
identity is allocated as it is possible to have more than one job with
the same name. The jobid is merely a four digit number that
uniquely identifies the job.
3.5.2. STATUS
STATUS is used to obtain information on the current job status for
any job associated with the current logged-on user identity.
STATUS jobname (jobid)
3.5.3. CANCEL
CANCEL is used to cancel jobs from the system under the current
logon user identity.
The syntax of the command is :
CANCEL jobname (jobid)
3.5.4. SUBMISSION OF JCL UNDER ISPF
Enter the word “SUB” OR “SUBMIT” on the Command line
TECSACON
TECHNOLOGIES
3.5.5. INTERACTIVE OUTPUT FACILITY (IOF)
Interactive Output Facility is the Spool Display and Search Facility.
It provides a way for users who submit JCL jobs to keep track of
their output. IOF is primarily a JCL adjunct, this feature of ISPF is
covered in the JCL course rather than the TSO/ISPF.