issmge bulletin...this report summarizes the damage brought by the earthquake in and around kumamoto...

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

Select all items below

1 Major Project

An overview of the geotechnical damage brought by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, Japan

27 Conference Reports

The 1st Southern African Geotechnical Conference

The 15th Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering

19SEAGC & 2AGSSEA

19SEAGC & 2AGSSEA YGEC

38 ISSMGE Foundation report

39 Hot News

Book review: Design of Column-Reinforced Foundations

Call for nominations of ISSMGE Awards

41 Event Diary

50 Corporate Associates

52 Foundation Donors

Hemanta Hazarika Professor, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Takaji Kokusho Professor emeritus, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan

Robert E. Kayen Professor, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

Shideh Dashti Assistant Professor, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA

Yutaka Tanoue Director, Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co., Ltd.,

Kyushu Branch, Japan Shuuichi Kuroda and Kentaro Kuribayashi

Chief Engineers, Eight-Japan Engineering Consultants Inc., Okayama Branch, Japan

Daisuke Matsumoto Assistant Manager, Japan Foundation Engineering Co.,

Ltd., Kyushu Branch, Japan Hideo Furuichi

Assistant Manager, Giken Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

Abstract: The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.0 (Japanese intensity = 7) that struck on April 16 brought devastation in many areas of Kumamoto Prefecture and in parts of Oita Prefecture in Kyushu Region, Japan. The earthquake succeeds a foreshock of magnitude 6.5 (Japanese intensity = 7) on April 14. The authors conducted two surveys on the devastated areas: one during April 16-17, and the other during May 11-14. This report summarizes the damage brought to geotechnical structures by the two consecutive earthquakes within a span of twenty-eight hours. This report highlights some of the observed damage and identifies reasons for such damage. The geotechnical challenges towards mitigation of losses from such earthquakes are also suggested.

International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering If the quality of the distributed file is not satisfactory for you, please access the ISSMGE website and download an electronic version.

www.issmge.org

Major Project

An overview of the geotechnical

damage brought by the 2016

Kumamoto Earthquake, Japan

Volume 10, Issue 3 June 2016

ISSMGE Bulletin

E D I T O R I A L B O A R D

Frank, Roger (Ex-officio)

Gomes, Antonio Topa (Editor for Europe)

Gonzalez, Marcelo (Editor for South America)

Leung, Anthony Kwan (Editor for Europe)

Ng, Charles Wang Wai (Editor-in-Chief)

Ooi, Teik Aun (Editor for Asia)

Rujikiatkamjorn, Cholachat (Editor for Australasia)

Sanchez, Marcelo (Editor for North America)

Sfriso, Alejo O (Editor for South America)

Shahien, Marawan (Editor for Africa)

Take, Andy (Editor for North America)

Taylor, Neil (Ex-officio)

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/ISSMGE_BULLETIN_2016_JUN-FINAL.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/ISSMGE_BULLETIN_2016_JUN-FINAL.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/1.Major_projects.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/1.Major_projects.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/2a.Conference_report_SAGC.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/2b.Conference_report_PACSMGE.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/2b.Conference_report_PACSMGE.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/2c.Conference_report_SEAGC.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/2d.Conference_report_SEAGC_YGEC.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/3.ISSMGE_Foundation_report.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/4a.Hot_news_Book_review.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/4a.Hot_news_Book_review.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/4b.Hot_news_ISSMGE_nominations.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/5.Event_diary.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/6.Corporate_associates.pdf

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/jun2016/7.Foundation_donors.pdf

1. Introduction The 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes were a series of earthquakes including a magnitude 7.0 main shock, which struck at 01:25 JST on April 16, 2016, beneath Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture on Kyushu, Japan, at an epicentral depth of about 10 kilometers and a foreshock earthquake with a magnitude 6.5 at 21:26 JST on April 14, 2016, at an epicentral depth of about 11 kilometers. Chain events of 6.5 magnitude foreshock and 7.0 magnitude, the main shock that occurred within 28 hours, called the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, resulted in huge loss of lives and properties. This was the strongest earthquake ever recorded in Kyushu (since the JMA was established). A summary of the earthquakes can be found in Table 1. The epicenter of the main shock and the distribution of aftershocks are plotted in Fig. 1. More than 1,400 aftershocks have been recorded by the Meteorological Agency of Japan since April 14. The earthquake resulted in substantial damage to infrastructure including buildings, cultural heritage of Kumamoto castle, roads and highways, slopes and river embankment due to earthquake-induced landslides and debris flows, and fault-induced ground subsidence. To a surprisingly limited extent, liquefaction occurred only in a few districts of Kumamoto City and in the port areas.

Table 1. Earthquakes exceeding JMA seismic intensity level 6 since 14 April, 2016

Date and Time Hypocenter Magnitude JMA Seismic Intensity (Max)

14 April 2016 21:26 JST Kumamoto area of Kumamoto Prefecture

6.5 7

Foreshock 14 April 2016 22:07 JST Kumamoto area of Kumamoto Prefecture

5.8 6 weak


6.4 6 strong


7.0 7 Main shock


5.9 6 weak

Aftershock 16 April 2016 03:55 JST Aso area of Kumamoto Prefecture

5.8 6 strong


5.4 6 weak

(Modified from JMA)

ISSMGE Bulletin: Volume 10, Issue 3

Major Project (Con’t) An overview of the geotechnical damage brought by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, Japan

Figure 1. Epicenter of the earthquake and distribution of aftershocks (Source: USGS)

The Fire and Disaster Management Agency of Japan (FDMA) reported that 50 people were killed (49 direct, 1 missing), 350 persons suffered severe injuries, and 1,234 suffered slight injuries. Property damage amounted to 2,487 houses completely destroyed, 3,483 houses partially destroyed, and 22,855 houses damaged but habitable. Fire destroyed 16 houses. In addition, about 3 billion USD has been estimated for the civil infrastructure losses. Reconstruction cost is estimated to be around 5-6 billion USD. The authors conducted two surveys in the devastated areas: one during April 16-17, and the other during May 11-14. This report summarizes the damage brought by the earthquake in and around Kumamoto city. The report also investigates some of the possible reasons for such damage and geotechnical challenges towards the reconstructions of the devastated region.



2. Mechanism and the seismicity of the earthquake 2.1 Earthquake mechanism The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake on April 16, 2016 was the largest earthquake in Kyushu island in the last twenty years. Hinagu and Futagawa fault zones are the sources of the April 14 foreshock and April 16 main shock, respectively. As seen in Fig. 2, the main shock and its aftershocks are distributed along the Futagawa and Hinagu active faults (GIS). These two faults are among the 100 active faults designated by the Central Disaster Mitigation Council of Japan, out of more than 2000 faults distributed throughout the Japanese archipelago. The earthquake occurred as the result of more than 2 m strike-slip faulting at shallow depth. Focal mechanisms for the earthquake indicate that slip occurred on either a left-lateral fault striking to the northwest, or on a right-lateral fault striking northeast. The Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) reported that the epicenters of the present earthquake sequence show wide distribution in the zone of Beppu-Shimabara Graben from the west to the east coast of the middle Kyushu with a distance of about 200 km and a width of a few tens of km. The earthquake sequence are presently very active at Hinagu Fault Zone and Futagawa Fault Zone in western Kyushu, Aso Volcano area in central Kyushu, and Beppu-Haneyama Fault Zone in eastern Kyushu (Fig. 3). 2.2 Geology of the Kumamoto Area The geological map of the Kumamoto area is in Fig. 4. Kumamoto city and Mashiki town are located north of Kumamoto alluvial plain, which is composed of pyroclastic flow deposits. The Futagawa fault cuts the lava plateau and continues along the boundary between the Kumamoto plain and rocks. The Hinagu fault in south juxtaposes alluvial plain with bedrocks and runs north through bedrocks to merge with the Futagawa fault (Okumura, 2016).



Epicenter

Active faults

Figure 2. Futagawa fault and Hinagu fault (Source: GSI)

Figure 3. Seismic activity and geological information in central Kyushu (Source: GSJ)

Figure 4. Geological map of Kumamoto (Source: GeLK)



2.3 Seismicity of the earthquake During the M6.5 foreshock, the largest recorded ground acceleration of 1580 Gal was measured at Mashiki town. The ground motions measured at two locations of Mashiki town (KiK-net Mashiki) and Kumamoto city (K-NET Kumamoto) during this foreshock are shown in Fig. 5. During the main shock of 7.0 magnitude, the peak ground accelerations again exceeded 1000 Gal at Mashiki town. The main-shock ground motions measured at Mashiki town and Kumamoto city during the main shock are shown in Fig. 6. The acceleration and velocity response spectra of the foreshock (NS component) are presented in Fig. 7, while Fig. 8 shows the same for the main shock. For comparison, two past large earthquakes in Japan (The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and The 1995 Kobe earthquake) are also shown in the same figures. Fig. 9 illustrates the comparison of the velocity spectra for the two events. Comparisons of the velocity response spectra of the two observational points (KiK-net Mashiki in red and K-NET Kumamoto in green) show that the motion was stronger on April 16 main shock on both the locations. In Mashiki town, the increase of predominant period from 0.6 s to 0.9 s may be attributed to the amplification of motion due to non-linear response (or liquefaction) of the ground (ERI, University of Tokyo).

Figure 5. Ground motion due to foreshock of April 14 (Source: KiK-net and JMA)

Figure 6. Ground motion during the main shock (Source: Kik-Net and JMA)



Figure 7. Acceleration and velocity spectra of the foreshock (Source: Kik-Net and JMA)

Figure 8. Acceleration and velocity spectra of the main shock (Source: Kik-Net and JMA)

Figure 9. Comparison of the velocity spectra of the two events (Source: ERI, University of Tokyo)



NS Component 5% damping

Mashiki town

Kumamoto

Solid line: Main shock Dotted line: Foreshock

3. Damage investigation and preliminary results The authors conducted an investigation covering major locations where damage was concentrated. Fig. 10 shows a map of the locations in which the authors conducted the survey. In the following subsections, the results of the preliminary investigation are summarized.

Figure 10. Surveyed locations (Source: Google map) 3.1 Seismic subsidence, landslides, debris flow, and slope failures in Aso area In Aso area, damage due to seismic subsidence and strong motion led to landslides, slope failures and debris flow, which killed many people, and jeopardized the transportation network in that area. 3.1.1 Seismic subsidence in Uchinomaki area In Uchinomaki area of Aso city, a co-seismic subsidence (depression) covering an area of about 2 km long and 1 km wide was found (Fig. 11). Fig. 12 shows the condition of the road passing through the depression zone and the state of the house across the road. The adjacent house was not affected. According to the local resident (owner of the non-damaged house), the shaking was mostly vertical and the subsidence was simultaneous to the earthquake as they could hear a huge sound while shaking was still continuing. At the greatest offset, the subsidence was more than 2 m (Fig. 13). The geotechnical bore hole data within 1 km of that area suggests that the area has more than 70 m of thick clay containing water content within the range of 150 to 280 % and void ratio ranging from 5 to 8. The N value of the soil layer between 20 to 40 m depth is almost equal to zero. Thus, it can be inferred that the surface soil in that area was sitting on the top of a soft soil layer, which may have caused such subsidence. In another location around the area, more than 1.5 m wide cracks were observed leading to the damage of a bridge abutment and failure of the retaining wall (Fig. 14).



Figure 11. Seismic subsidence in Uchinomaki area

Figure 12. Road damage and building damage due to subsidence

Figure 13. Damage due to subsidence on the

opposite side Figure 14. Abutment failure and retaining wall

3.1.2 Earthquake-triggered landslides, debris flow and slope failures In the Aso Caldera area, the damage was mostly related to earthquake-triggered shallow landslides and slope failures of the volcanic soils. These have led to bridge and road failures in that area. Fig. 15 shows one of the biggest landslides in the Minamiaso village area, the west side of Mt. Aso. The landslide covering a length of about 700 m, and width of about 200 m caused damage to the roads and bridges blocking the entire transportation network in that area. Route 57 and Japan Railway Hohi line were buried under the debris. The bridge abutment failed during the main shock, causing the Aso bridge to collapse. Fig. 16 shows the state of the slope when the authors visited the area. It is clear that the flow of deposits is still continuing, and the debris may cause subsequent debris flows during the rainy season. There was a surficial landslide (Fig. 17) close to the Aso volcanological laboratory of Kyoto University along route 299 prefectural road. Many houses were swept away by the landslide (Fig. 18). The authors observed that the soils in that area were composed of typical Andisols (Fig. 19). They are highly porous, dark-colored soils developed from parent material of volcanic origin and have excellent water holding capacity. Many cracks still remain in the slopes (Fig. 20). In some places, cracks as deep as 3 m were found. With the rainy season starting soon, rain water may infiltrate through these cracks, causing slopes with cracks vulnerable to secondary disaster. More than 90 such vulnerable slopes exist.



More than 2.0 m deep

More than

1.5 m wide

Bridge abutment

Failed retaining wall

Figure 15. Huge landslide and collapse of the Aso bridge (Photo Courtesy: American Geophysical Union)

Figure 16. State of the landslide on May 12

Figure 17. Surficial failure in Aso

Figure 18. Swept away houses



Figure 19. Andisols of the failed slope

Figure 20. Cracks in the slope In another location, the Hinotori Onsen hot spring was swept away by a landslide (Fig. 21) that occurred during the main shock. A honeymoon couple from Kagawa prefecture was killed due to that landslide. The soils in that area (Fig. 22) were found to be Haido volcanic soil with very low plasticity. The water content was also found to be very high. This kind of soil loses strength easily during cyclic loading. Such soil characteristics in that area may have caused slope failure triggered by the earthquake loading. Since the slope failed during the main shock, the cyclic loading effect of the foreshock is another factor, which needs attention in the damage analysis of such slopes.

Figure 21. Hinotori hot spring disaster

Figure 22. Soils in that area (Haido) A check dam was found to have collapsed in Nagano area of the Aso village (Fig. 23). As we can see the right side of the check dam was swept away by about 100 m, and completely overturned (Fig. 24). Also, debris was found near the overturned block (Fig. 25). Due to the collapse of the dam, the Tarutama river was eroded at some locations as seen in Fig. 26. The exact reason of the failure is still unknown. However, continuous water flow close to the dam even before the earthquake can be one potential cause of such catastrophic failure.



Figure 23. Concrete check dam collapse

Figure 24. Collapsed part of the dam

Figure 25. Debris around the dam

Figure 26. Erosion of the river channel 3.2 Fault-induced damage in Nishihara village Nishihara village towards the south of Aso area (refer to Fig. 10) is located along the Futago fault. In this area, damage to an irrigation dam, many landslides and slope failures, road damage, retaining wall failures and bridge damage were observed. 3.2.1 Damage to Ohkirihata dam and related failure around the area The Ohkirihata dam is located in the Nishihara village of Kumamoto prefecture. It is an earth fill dam with a height of 23 m for irrigation. Our first survey team arrived in that area around 10 A.M. on April 16 (the day of the main shock) and conducted surveys on the dam, control room, regulating pond, slopes and the roads along the dam. This section describes the state of damage of the reservoir, spillway, drainpipes, regulating pond, etc. Fig. 27 shows a picture of the entire reservoir and the associated damage due to the earthquake. Due to damage inflicted on the control room (Fig. 28), as an urgent measure, the water level in the reservoir was lowered by about 2 m. Fig. 29 shows some of the damage in the upstream of the dam including the road, slopes, and the retaining wall.



Figure 27. A complete view of the reservoir before the earthquake and the related damage (Source: Asia

Air Survey Co. Ltd., Japan)

Figure 28. Damage to control room

Figure 29. Damage to roads and retaining wall Due to strong motion of the earthquake and proximity of the fault zone, the control room tilted, and as a result, spindles were lifted off, rendering the switch gears non-functional and leading to loss of the water storage function. This ultimately led to the overflow in the regulating pond of the dam (Fig. 30). The overflowed water crossed the road and created an artificial fall (Fig. 31), which caused tremendous scouring of the road embankment. The scouring could also be observed in the road embankment, which is vulnerable to collapse at any time (Fig. 32). The spillway did not suffer damage; however, retaining walls on the both sides of the embankment were displaced (especially the right side displaced by more than 50 cm) as seen in Fig. 33. During the second visit of the authors, it was observed that deformation of the sides of the spillway and the subsidence of the road increased further. The succession of many aftershocks may have exacerbated the situation.



Figure 30. Overflow of the regulating pond

Figure 31. Overflowing water crossing the road

Figure 32. Scouring of the road embankment

Figure 33. Wall damage on the embankment adjacent to spillway (Right)

The continuous overflow almost emptied the reservoir, which the authors observed in their second survey within four weeks (Fig. 34). We could see the effect of faults that pass through the dam. Therefore, it could be concluded that the major damage was due to these faults. We could also see slope failures at two locations of the dam embankment (Fig. 35). The regulating pond has come to the normal state (Fig. 36); however, the scouring caused to the road embankment is severe, and it is vulnerable to collapse at any time (Fig. 37).

Figure 34. Emptied reservoir and exposed fault lines

Figure 35. Slope failures along the embankment



Figure 36. Regulating pond (no overflow)

Figure 37. Scouring of the road embankment 3.2.2 Roads and retaining wall damage around the area and landslide-induced road damage There were also a lot of landslides and slope failures and road damage (Fig. 38) around the road including a bridge within 1 km of both sides of the faults. The main road suffered landslides as well as subsidence (Fig. 39). About 90% of the houses down the road completely collapsed including an engineered retaining wall (Fig. 40). Preliminary survey results of the damage to dam are described in Hara et al. (2016).

Figure 38. Landslide blocking the access road

Figure 39. Slope failure on the main road

Figure 40. Retaining wall (about 5 m high) failure



3.3 Damage in Mashiki town due to strong motion and liquefaction Mashiki town is the area where major building damage was observed due to the strong motion. There were a lot of geotechnical damage mostly related to liquefaction and associated with lateral spreading. Fig. 41 and Fig. 42 show the Akitsu river embankment with sand boils and displacement of the quay wall due to lateral spreading respectively. Fig. 43 shows the lateral displacement-induced failure of the embankment road. About 30 cm subsidence of the river bank and more than 20 cm of lateral displacement of road were measured. The dark colored sand boils (Fig. 41) indicate the existence of volcanic soils in the area. In a parking lot belonging to JA (Japan Agricultural Cooperatives Group) office of Mashiki town, which is close to the Akitsu river, sand boils were observed (Fig. 44). The color of the sand boils (appears to be clean sand), however, was different from the one found in the bank of Akitsu river. In few national and prefectural roads liquefaction-induced settlement (Fig. 45) and upliftment of manhole (Fig. 46) were observed. Many traditional Japanese houses were damaged due to the strong motion in that area.

Figure 41. Liquefaction in Akitsu river dike

Figure 42. Lateral displacement of quay wall

Figure 43. Lateral spreading in the embankment road

Figure 44. Sand boils in JA parking lot



Figure 45. Subsidence of the road

Figure 46. Uplifting of manhole 3.4 Liquefaction-induced damage in Minami ward of Kumamoto The southern part of Kumamoto city (Minami ward) experienced liquefaction in limited areas causing damage to residential houses including a hospital building due to differential settlement. Most of the liquefaction related damage were concentrated in the area, which are old river channels or floodplains. Sand boils observed in a school ground, which is the designated disaster evacuation place in that residential area, are shown in Fig. 47. Fig. 48 shows a residential building, where sub-meter settlements of the ground around the building were observed. The building itself did not undergo any differential settlement, as according to the owner of the building, pile foundations were used in the building. However, subsidence-induced voids beneath the foundation is a concern of the owner (Fig. 49). Another building adjacent to the above building (Fig. 50) was found to suffer from differential settlement and tilted by more than 1 degree making it unsuitable to live. Apparently, this building was founded on spread footing. The geomorphology of this area indicates that it was developed by reclamation of an old river channel.

Figure 47. Sand boils in a school ground

Figure 48. Settlement of the ground around a pile supported building



Figure 49. Subsidence and voids beneath the foundation

Figure 50. Differential settlement and tilting of another building supported on spread footing

In the Hirata district of the Minami ward, several buildings were damaged due to ground subsidence. Differential settlements of the buildings were common features. Some boundary walls were partially or fully collapsed. Sand boils and liquefaction-induced settlement of the buildings (Fig. 51) were observed. The sand boils were found to be black in color (Fig. 52) indicating volcanic soils.

Figure 51. Building damaged due to differential settlement (Left)

Figure 52. Dark colored sand boils around the

building (Right) One of the most affected buildings in that area was a new private hospital. As shown in Fig. 53, subsidence of as much as 40 cm was observed around the building. Ground subsidence can also be seen near the stairs (backside) of the building (Fig. 54). The hospital building itself was safe with no differential settlement due to use of pile foundation. Liquefied soil can be seen around a residential building located at backside of the hospital building (Fig. 55). About 15 cm differential settlement, and about 2 degree tilting were observed in this building. The boundary wall of the building was found to have tilted and also contained many cracks, indicating the effect of liquefaction. For comparison, the state of the building before the earthquake is shown in Fig. 56. Many roads were damaged in the affected area near the hospital. Fig. 57 shows one of the damaged roads with uplifted manhole. About 18 cm lateral spreading of that road was observed. Drainage system was also damaged at several locations along the road.



Figure 53. Subsidence around a new private hospital building

Figure 54. Subsidence at the backside of the

hospital building

Figure 55. Building damage due to differential

settlement

Figure 56. The building before the earthquake

(Source: Google map)

Figure 57. Liquefaction-induced road damage (Uplifted manhole)



3.5 Liquefaction-induced damage in Kumamoto port Although some infrastructural facilities within the Kumamoto port complex, such as roads and building entrance, were damaged due to liquefaction, the main port itself did not suffer much loss. The first author arrived in the port area in the morning of April 17. A lot of sand boils were observed in the port complex (Fig. 58), which resulted in the settlement of the entrance of the ferry terminal and road damage. Fig. 59 shows some sand boils with maximum diameter of 1.5 m in the port complex resulting in the maximum settlement of about 30 cm. Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading and sinking of the road were also observed (Fig. 60). The liquefaction in the areas also led to some minor lateral spreading as seen. No significant damage to the quay wall (Fig. 61), however, was observed.

Figure 58. Liquefaction in port complex

Figure 59. Sand boils (max. dia. > 1.5 m)

Figure 60. Lateral spreading and sinking of road

Figure 61. Quay wall of the port (no damage) The entrance of the ferry terminal was affected by differential settlement (Fig. 62) that led to the closure of the terminal for few weeks. Maximum settlement around the building was observed to be more than 80 cm (Fig. 63). The over-bridge connecting the port terminal also suffered damage due to differential settlement (Fig. 64). In the second visit to the area by the authors on May 11, a temporary retrofitting of the bridge (Fig. 65) was seen to prevent any further damage by the aftershocks.



Figure 62. Differential settlement of the ferry

terminal

Figure 63. Subsidence around the terminal building

Figure 64. Damage to over-bridge due to differential settlement

Figure 65. Bridge with scaffolding (May 11)

Interestingly, the soils in the port area are different from those found in the other liquefied areas discussed before. According to some information gathered by the authors, sand mats that were used to consolidate the thick clay layer in the port areas may have liquefied. The liquefied sands were found to be clean sand as opposed to the volcanic soils found in most of the other liquefied areas. 3.6 Liquefaction-induced damage in some river dikes of Kumamoto city River dikes of Kase river, Midori river and Shira river were damaged due to liquefaction and lateral spreading. Fearing danger of further erosion due to forthcoming rainy season, the local government was very quick to carry out repair work. Fig. 66 shows the temporary repair work in the Kase river dike using recycled concrete. Fig. 67 shows the immediate repair work in the dike of Midori river. Some traces of sand boils and liquefaction-induced subsidence were still found in that area (Fig. 68).



Figure 66. Repaired river dike (Kase river)

Figure 67. Repaired river dike (Midori river)

Figure 68. Sand boils, subsidence and lateral spreading in Midori river dike

3.7 Damage to highways The authors do not have any direct information on the damage to highways, as the admission were restricted to those sites, when the authors arrived there. Based on the collected information from various sources, some damage to the Kyushu Highway are summarized in this subsection. Fig. 69 shows the damage to Kyushu highway in Kumamoto Prefecture. Fig. 70 shows the blocking of the highway due to landslides in Oita expressway, Oita prefecture. Fig. 71 shows the highway embankment damage and retaining wall failure in Kyushu highway near Mashiki town. A part of the highway was closed for about two weeks. The immediate repair work of the highway is underway as seen in the figure.



Figure 69. Highway damage in Kyushu highway (Source: AGU and AAS)

Figure 70. Highway damage in Oita expressway

(Source: AGU and AAS)

Figure 71. Highway abutment damage in Kyushu expressway (Photo courtesy: Dr. Y. Sagawa, Kyushu University)

3.8 Damage to Kumamoto castle Kumamoto castle, one of the most popular tourist attractions, and part of Japan’s rich cultural heritage, suffered heavy damage due to the earthquake. The roof of some parts of the main castle was damaged. The outer masonry retaining wall of the castle collapsed as shown in Fig. 72. One inner wall of the castle was also found to be damaged (Fig. 73). Apparently, the outer wall was renovated after the World War II. Although no seismic design against a Level 2 earthquake seems to have adopted in the design of the wall, the cross section of the original wall (Japanese Geotechnical Society) shows that the wall is supported on timber pile foundation (Fig. 74).



Figure 72. Damage to the outer masonry wall of the Kumamoto castle

Figure 73. Damage to inner (foundation) wall of

one of the castle buildings

Figure 74. Cross section of the outer wall of the castle (Source: JGS)

4. Conclusions Some of the important conclusions derived based on this reconnaissance survey are as follows. 1. The damage was localized in areas lying above or close to the faults. 2. The reason for damage is a combination of many factors including the fault location, succession of

high intensity foreshock, main shock and aftershocks, soil characteristics and liquefiable areas without liquefaction prevention methods.

3. Landslides and slope failures were due to special characteristics of volcanic soils in the Aso Caldera areas.

4. Liquefaction was found in the river embankments and in areas developed by reclaiming the old river estuaries.

5. Landslides with fissures still remain, making them vulnerable to the secondary sliding during the summer rainy season.



6. Most of the damaged structures were not seismically designed for a Level 2 event. 7. The nature of soil from the river banks to Aso caldera areas differ in their nature and characteristics.

The mechanism of such widespread damage can only be ascertained through proper testing of those soils.

8. Improvement of the existing hazard maps in mountainous areas is needed. 9. Repeated loading due to high intensity foreshock and main-shock motions resulted in an elevated

levels of damage. The effect of successive foreshocks, main-shock, and aftershocks, may have to be considered in the future design in areas where such fault-induced earthquakes are expected.

Acknowledgements First of all, the authors express their heartfelt thanks to many victims of the Kumamoto earthquake, whom the authors met during their surveys in Kumamoto area for their cooperation in our surveys, in spite of the hard times that they have been going through. The authors also express their sincere gratitude to Prof. Kenji Ishihara, past president of ISSMGE and presently at Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan for his helpful guidance during the second survey by the Japan-USA joint investigation team. The authors also would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their great contributions in various capacities towards this survey, without whose support this report would not have been possible to compile: Mr. Katsuji Takematsu, Mr. Takayuki Morinaga, Mr. Akira Shigeoka and Mr. Takehiko Aoyagi (Japan Foundation Engineering Co., Ltd., Japan); Mr. Yuta Kitano (Giken Ltd., Japan); Mr. Hitoshi Tanaka, Mr. Takeshi Tochio and Mr. Shogo Endo (Kiso-Jiban Consultants Co., Ltd., Japan); Mr. Masanori Tajiri (Tajiri Engineering Office, Kumamoto); Mr. Babloo Chaudhary, Mr. Kengo Nishimura, Ms. Chu and Ms. Wa Ode Sumartini (Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan); Ms. Jenny Ramirez Calderon and Ms. Samantha Guillies (University of Colorado, Boulder, USA); Dr. Kevin Franke and Mr. Dallin Briggs (Brigham Young University, USA); Dr. Brad Wham (Cornell University, USA); and Dr. Nick Oettle (AECOM, USA). The last but not the least, the first author also would like to acknowledge Dr. Tsuneo Ohsumi of National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Tsukuba, Japan for sharing many valuable data, which were instrumental in preparing this document.

References Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd. (AAS): http://www.ajiko.co.jp/en/ retrieved 05/25/2016. American Geophysical Union (AGU): https://sites.agu.org/ Central Disaster Prevention Council: Cabinet office, Government of Japan:

http://japan.kantei.go.jp/policy/index/bousai/index_e.html. Earthquake Research Institute (ERI): University of Tokyo, http://www.eri.u-

tokyo.ac.jp/en/2016/04/15/15th-april-2016-earthquake-in-kumamoto-prefecture/ retrieved 05/20/2016.

Epstein, W., Nishimoto, T., Okumura, K., Swan, S., and Yanev, P. (2016): The Kumamoto Earthquake Investigation: A Preliminary Report, http://www.eqclearinghouse.org/2016-04-15-kumamoto/files/ retrieved 05/20/2016.

Fire and Disaster Management Agency (FDMA), Government of Japan: http://www.fdma.go.jp/en/ Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ): https://www.gsj.jp retrieved 05/20/2016. Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI): http://www.gsi.go.jp/BOUSAI/H27-kumamoto-

earthquake-index.html Global Earthquake and Volcanic Eruption Risk Management (G-EVER): http://g-ever.org/ retrieved

05/20/2016.



http://www.ajiko.co.jp/en/

https://sites.agu.org/

http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/2016/04/15/15th-april-2016-earthquake-in-kumamoto-prefecture/

http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/2016/04/15/15th-april-2016-earthquake-in-kumamoto-prefecture/

http://www.eqclearinghouse.org/2016-04-15-kumamoto/files/

https://www.gsj.jp/

http://www.gsi.go.jp/BOUSAI/H27-kumamoto-earthquake-index.html

http://www.gsi.go.jp/BOUSAI/H27-kumamoto-earthquake-index.html

http://g-ever.org/

Google Maps: https://maps.google.co.jp/ Ground Water Environmental Leader Program of Kumamoto University (GeLK):

http://en.gelk.info/kmmt.php, retrieved 05/20/2016. Hara, T., Hazarika, H., Kuroda, S., Notani, M., Fujimoto, T., Kuribayashi, K., Nakamura, K., and

Nishimura, K. (2016): Report on damage to agricultural dam caused by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, Annual Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering, August 30-September 2, 2016, Sendai, Japan (Submitted for publication: In Japanese).

Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS): Handbook of Earth Pressure, Japanese Geotechnical Society Publication.

Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA): (http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/menu/h28_kumamoto_jishin_menu.html, retrieved 05/20/2016.

Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA): A report on the Kumamoto earthquake, (http://www.data.jma.go.jp/svd/eqev/data/2016_04_14_kumamoto/yoshin.pdf, retrieved 04/20/2016.

National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED): (http://www.kyoshin.bosai.go.jp/, retrieved 05/20/2016.

Okumura, K. (2016): Earthquake geology of the April 14 and 16, 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, http://www.eqclearinghouse.org/2016-04-15-kumamoto/files/ retrieved 05/20/2016.

United States Geological Survey (USGS): https://www.usgs.gov/ retrieved 05/20/2016.



http://en.gelk.info/kmmt.php

http://www.data.jma.go.jp/svd/eqev/data/2016_04_14_kumamoto/yoshin.pdf

http://www.eqclearinghouse.org/2016-04-15-kumamoto/files/

https://www.usgs.gov/

The 1st Southern African Geotechnical Conference took place at Sun City in South Africa on 5 and 6 May 2016. It was organised by the Geotechnical Division of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE) under the auspices of the ISSMGE. It has long been the opinion of members of the SAICE Geotechnical Division that a need existed for a local forum where geotechnical practitioners and academics from the Southern African region can present their work and interact. This is because it is often difficult for local engineers and engineering geologists to attend the African Regional Conferences on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, due to the distances and costs associated with travelling in Africa. The 1st Southern African Geotechnical Conference was organised to take place approximately one year after the 16th African Regional Conference so as to not detract from this conference, while presenting a regional forum for geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists. The conference was attended by more than 200 participants and more than 60 papers were received from South Africa, Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Algeria, Germany, the United Kingdom, Austria, France and Switzerland. The authors included consulting engineers, engineering geologists, contractors, academics and product specialists. The papers were grouped into the following themes:

Foundations

Mining and Tailings

Modelling and Design

Site Investigation

Soil Properties

Soil Reinforcement and Slopes The wide range of topics is considered to be thoroughly representative of the current activities of the geotechnical industry in the Southern African Region. The conference proceedings were published and are available from CRC Press/Balkema, part of the Taylor & Francis Group. The conference took place approximately two years after the passing of Professor Geoffrey Blight, Professor of Soil Mechanics at the University of the Witwatersrand and world renowned expert in unsaturated soils. The organising committee thought it appropriate to organise a memorial lecture in honour of Professor Blight. Professor Andy Fourie from the Department of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering at the University of Western Australia delivered the Geoffrey Blight Memorial Lecture. Professor David Toll, Chair of Engineering in the School of Engineering and Computing Sciences at the University of Durham, presented a keynote lecture on the behaviour of unsaturated soils. In addition, Professor Fatma Baligh from Egypt and the ISSMGE Vice President for Africa gave a presentation on the activities of the ISSMGE in Africa. Prior to the conference a highly successful one day seminar was held on Tropical and Unsaturated Soils. The speakers at the seminar were Professor David Toll and Dr. Ashraf Osman from the University of Durham and Professor Andy Fourie from the University of Western Australia. Prof. Gerhard Heymann Chair of the organising committee


i)

Conference Reports The 1st Southern African Geotechnical Conference

Figure 1. Opening ceremony of the conference

http://issmge2014.ust.hk/~issmge/feb2016/5a.Conference_report_1.pdf

The 15th Pan American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (XV PCSMGE), held from 15 to 18 November 2015 in Buenos Aires, Argentina was an ISSMGE regional conference for PanAmerican countries. Previous conferences have been held in Mexico (1959), Brazil (1963), Venezuela (1967), Puerto Rico (1971), Argentina (1975), Peru (1979), Canada (1983), Colombia (1987), Chile (1991), Mexico (1995), Brazil (1999), USA (2003), Venezuela (2007), Canada (2011) and for a second time in Argentina in 2015. In this opportunity, PCSMGE XV – Buenos Aires 2015 was run in parallel with three other important events for geo-professionals: the 6th International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, the 8th South American Congress on Rock Mechanics, and the XXII Argentinean Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (CAMSIG XXII). This meeting brought together international experts, researchers, academics and professionals to exchange ideas and discuss current and future practices in the areas of soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and their applications in civil, mining and environmental engineering. ISSMGE President, Prof. Roger Frank opened the Inauguration Ceremony and ISSMGE VP for South America Prof. Jarbas Militisky and ISSMGE VP for North America Prof. Paul Mayne addressed the state of Groups and the new events in the Closing Ceremony. The conference included the welcome Lecture by Carlos Santamarina, the Casagrande Lecture by Luis Valenzuela, the Mercer Lecture by Jorge Zornberg, the Bishop Lecture by Hervé di Benedetto, and plenary lectures of Prof. M. Dusseault, Dr. Nick Barton and Prof. F. Tatsouka. The Conference was arranged into nine technical tracks covering the modern trends and classical topics of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, namely Transportation Geotechnics, In-situ testing, Geo-engineering for Energy and Sustainability, Numerical Modeling in Geotechnics, Foundations & Ground improvement, Unsaturated Soil Behavior, Embankments, Dams and Tailings, Excavations and Tunnels, and GeoRisks. Four chairs per track were appointed by the Organizing Committee among the best-known and respected colleagues in their various fields of expertise. This large group of experts organized the anonymous peer-review of all the articles published in the Proceedings, appointed a keynote lecturer and a panel session, and chaired two technical sessions per track. In total, nine keynote lectures, nine panel sessions and eighteen parallel technical sessions completed the schedule of XV PCSMGE. Attendance was 941 people for the four Conferences combined. In total, 24 lectures and 578 papers were published in the Proceedings, which are available at IOS Press website.


ii)

Conference Reports The 15th Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering


Picture 1. Inauguration ceremony (From right to left: Diego Manzanal, Alejo Sfriso, Roger Frank,

Jarvas Milititsky, Paul Mayne, Eda Cuadros, Sergio Fontoura)

Picture 2. Speech by Prof. Roger Frank at the

Inauguration Ceremony

Picture 3. Group photo

Picture 4. During coffee break. From right to left: Carlos Santamarina, Maurice Dusseault and Enrique

Romero Dr. Ing. Diego Manzanal Secretario Sociedad Argentina de Ingeniería Geotecnica


iii)

Conference Reports The 15th Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (Con’t)


The 19SEAGC & 2AGSSEA was successfully held on 31 May – 3 June 2016 in Dorsett Grand Subang Hotel with more than 500 participants. The conference was organized jointly by the Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society (SEAGS), the Association of Geotechnical Societies in Southeast Asia (AGSSEA), the Geotechnical Society of Malaysia (MGS) and The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM). The Organizing Committee did an excellent job to bring about a very successful and memorable conference with 550 participants. There were 4 Keynote Lectures namely: Opening Keynote Address delivered by Dr. Za-Chieh Moh on “Professionalism and Ethics of Geotechnical Engineering”: Keynote 1 (Chin Fung Kee Lecture) on “Recent Advances in Pile Testing” delivered by Kenji Ishihara: Keynote 2 (S. L. Lee Lecture) delivered by Jian Chu on “Innovations in Soil Improvement Methods”: Keynote 3 (Za-Chieh Moh Lecture) delivered by Harry Poulos on “Lessons Learned from Designing High-rise Building Foundations”. The 10 Special Lectures are: Special Lecture 1 delivered by Ikuo Towhata Vice President Asia, ISSMGE on “Grain Crushing Under Pile Tip Explored by Acoustic Emission”; Special Lecture 2 delivered by Buddhima Indraratna, representing SEAGS, on “Advancements in Rail Track Geotechnology at Increased Speeds and Axle Loads”; Special Lecture 3 delivered by Thien Seng Yee (Malaysia) on “A Brief Perspective on Forensic Geotechnics”; Special Lecture 4 delivered by C. W. W. Ng (Hong Kong) on “Modelling the Effects of Strain- and Path-dependent Soil Stiffness on Soil-Structure Interaction Problems: An Engineer's Perspective”; Special Lecture 5 delivered by Siu-Mun Woo (Taiwan) on “Long Term Study on Pile-Soil Interactions in Subsiding Ground with Surcharge Effects – A Case History”; Special Lecture 6 delivered by P.V. Long (Vietnam) on “Performance and Analyses of Thick Soft Clay Deposit Improved by PVD with Surcharge Preloading and Vacuum Consolidation - A Case Study at CMIT”; Special Lecture 7 delivered by Paulus P. Rahardjo (Indonesia) on “The Unwanted Effect of Dewatering for Excavations and Its Counter Measures”; Special Lecture 8 delivered by Tiong Guan Ng (Singapore) on “Trenchless Construction Method for Roads and Underpasses in Singapore”; Special Lecture 9 delivered by Suttisak Soralump (Thailand) on “Rehabilitation of Leakage and Seismic Damaged Problem of Mae Suai Earth Zone Composited RCC Dam” and Special Lecture 10 delivered by Lean Hock Ooi (Malaysia) on “Deep Excavation Works in Kuala Lumpur Karsts – Some Considerations”. In addition to the Keynote and Special Lectures the conference has a total of 26 Technical Sessions divided into four parallel sessions in each day for 3 days with one day of Technical Site Visits. The participants of the conference were treated to a Conference Banquet and Cultural Shows on the second day of the conference. The 3-day conference also attracted 180 technical papers which were all presented by the presenters in parallel sessions. Hard bound and soft copies of the proceedings of over 1200 pages were produced and given to the participants together with a complimentary DVD on the late Professor Chin Fung Kee. Prof. Chin was an Honorary Fellow of both the Institution of Civil Engineers and The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia of which he was a founder Council member in 1959 and a President from 1966 to 1968. He was also President of the Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society from 1973-1975 and the Vice President for Asia of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering in 1981-1985. He was Chairman of the Commonwealth Engineer’s Council in 1973-1977. President of MGS, Dr. Sin Fatt Chan delivering his welcoming Speech; Dr Teik Aun Ooi, Immediate Past President SEAGS delivering his welcome message: Prof. K Y Yong, Immediate Past Chairman of AGSSEA delivering his welcome speech; President of The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM), Ir. Yean Chin Tan delivering his Opening Address and declared open the conference. In conjunction with the conference, the respective council meeting of SEAGS & AGSSEA and the General meeting of SEAGS membership were also held. Dr. Noppadol Phienwej and Prof. San Shyan were elected as President and Chairman of the SEAGS and AGSSEA respectively. Dr Noppodol Phienwej was also elected as the Honorary Secretary General Cum Treasurer of SEAGS. Ir Kenny Yee was re-elected Honorary Secretary General as well as Treasurer of the AGSSEA. The meetings commended on the devotion and contributions of Prof. A. S. Balasubramaniam and confirmed that starting from 20SEAGC – 3AGSSEAC a named lecture in the name of A. S. Balasubramaniam will be instituted. The meetings also confirmed Prof . A. S. Balasubramaniam as the Editor-in-Chief of the SEAGS-AGSSEA Journal. The meetings also confirmed that the 20SEAGC-3AGSSEAC will be held in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2019. The conference will be organized by


iv)

Conference Reports The 19th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference (19SEAGC) & The 2nd Association of Geotechnical Societies in Southeast Asia (2AGSSEA)

the Indonesian Society for Geotechnical Engineering (HATTI), the Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society (SEAGS) and the Association of Geotechnical Societies in Southeast Asia (AGSSEA). On 30th May 2016, a one day conference was held successfully for young geotechnical engineers with more than 60 participants. Pre and Post Conference short courses were also held with overwhelming attendance.

Picture 1. Opening Ceremony of the 19th SEAGS and 2nd AGSSEA Conference in Dorsett Grand

Subang Hotel, Malaysia

Picture 2. Partial View of the Audience at the

19th SEAGS and 2nd AGSSEA Conference in Dorsett Grand Subang, Malaysia

Picture 3. View of the Conference Hall at the 19th SEAGS and 2nd AGSSEA Conference in

Dorsett Grand Subang, Malaysia

Picture 4. Opening Ceremony and Presentation of

Token of Appreciation to the Guest of Honour, President of IEM


v)

Conference Reports The 19th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference (19SEAGC) & The

2nd Association of Geotechnical Societies in Southeast Asia (2AGSSEA) (Con’t)

Picture 5. Dr. Za-Chieh Moh delivering his Opening Keynote Address

Picture 6. Prof. Kenji Ishihara delivering his Za-

Chieh Moh Keynote Lecture Ir. Dr. Teik Aun Ooi Immediate Past President SEAGS June 7, 2016


vi)

Conference Reports The 19th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference (19SEAGC) & The

2nd Association of Geotechnical Societies in Southeast Asia (2AGSSEA) (Con’t)

Event Information Conference venue: Professor Chin Fung Kee Auditorium, Wisma IEM, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul

Ehsan, Malaysia. Date: 30th May 2016 Time: 8:30AM – 5:30PM Theme: Contribution of Young Geotechnical Engineers to Nation Building Topics: Numerical Modelling Soil Characterization & Properties Ground Improvement & Stabilization Shallow and Deep Foundations Slope Stability, Excavations Retaining Structures Geosynthetics & Geo-Products Field Testing & Monitoring Engineering Geology Rock Mechanics Design Analysis & Modelling Embankments & Dams Tunnelling & Underground Space Number of participants: 44 (including speakers) Number of Papers: 2 Keynote Lectures 2 Invited Lectures 14 Technical Papers (but 4 speakers did not turn up)

Organization Structure Advisory Committee: Ir. Dr. Wen Hui Ting, Ir. Dr. Sin Fatt Chan, Ir. Dr. Teik Aun Ooi, Ir. Yew Weng Yee, Ir. Thien Seng Yee, Ir. Kenny Kwong Sing Yee, Ir. Shaw Shong Liew, Ir. Dr. Swee Huat Chan, Ir. Jack Kok Loong Pan, Ir. Peng Tean Sin, Ir. Peir Tien Lee, Ir. Balakrishnan Etty Gaunder, Mr. Wooi Chuan Loh, Mr. Richard Ong, Ir. Raftah Mahfar Organizing Committee: Chairman: Ir. Dr. Dominic Ek Leong Ong Deputy Chairman: Mr. Kuo Jun Tan Organizing Secretary: Dr. Chung Siung Choo Committee Members: Mr. William Ee

Mr. Fredrik Phangkawira Mr. Mohd. Irfaan Peerun

Reviewers of Technical Papers: Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Siti Noor Linda Taib, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Min Lee Lee, Dr. Chung Siung Choo, Dr. Fauzan Sahdi, Dr. Janaka Kumara, Dr. Kok Shien Ng, Dr. Kwong Soon Wong Editors: Ir. Dr. Dominic Ek Leong Ong, Dr. Chung Siung Choo


vii)

Conference Reports The 19SEAGC & 2AGSSEA Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference

Publisher: The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia, Bangunan Ingeniur, Lots 60 & 62, Jalan 52/4, P.O. Box 223, Jalan Sultan, 46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, ISBN: 978-983-40616-5-4 Acknowledgements: The Organizing Committee would like to express its appreciation to all who have contributed to this Conference, including the authors of papers, the keynote and invited lecturers, paper reviewers, Conference delegates, staff members of The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia, sponsors, advertisers and volunteers. Conference Sponsors: The Organizing Committee wishes to express its gratitude and appreciation to the following sponsors:

Profiles of Speakers and Participants Keynote Speakers: Prof. Ikuo Towhata, Emeritus Professor at University of Tokyo, President of Japanese Geotechnical

Society, Vice-President for Asia, International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical

Engineering

Ir. Y.C. Tan, President of IEM, Board member of BEM, Secretary General of AFEO

Invited Speakers: Asst. Prof. S.C. Chian, Assistant Professor at National University of Singapore

Ir. T.W. Yee, Asia Technical Manager at TenCate Geosynthetics, Founding member of South East

Asian Chapter of the International Geosynthetics Society

Open Forum discussion Objective: Open-floor discussion among the audience to share their experiences Theme: Contribution of Young Geotechnical Engineers to Nation Building Chairperson: Ir. Dr. Dominic Ong, Dr. Choo Chung Siung Topics discussed: Site experience vs office experience Value of PhD in achieving success Support from employers for professional growth Real-time instrumentation Professional ethics Route to PENG


viii)

Conference Reports The 19SEAGC & 2AGSSEA Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference (Con’t)

Awards

Category: Best Paper Recipient: Mr. E.Y. Kencana

Category: Best Speaker Recipient: Mr. C.H. Lin

Token of Appreciation to Sponsors:

Ansah Asia Sdh Bhd

Tradimas Sarawak Sdn Bhd

Swinburne Sarawak Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies


ix)


Photo gallery:

Keynote Lecture 1: Prof. Ikuo Towhata

Keynote Lecture 2: Ir. Y.C. Tan

Invited Lecture 1: Asst. Prof. S.C. Chian

Invited Lecture 2: Ir. T.W. Yee

Open Forum: Ir. Dr. Dominic Ong and Dr. Chung Siung Choo as Chairpersons

Open Forum: Discussion among audience


x)


YGEC 2016 Group Photo

Dinner Group Photo

YGEC 2016 Organizing Committee


xi)


The 17th Nordic Geotechnical Meeting was held at Harpa Congress Center in Reykjavik, Iceland from 25th May to 28th May, 2016. All the presentations were divided into various themes such as Experimental Investigations, Deep Foundations, Modelling analysis and Design etc. and nearly covered all aspects of Geotechnical Engineering. The conference started with a short welcome program in which a stand-up comedian performed and made us all laugh. It was followed by three plenary lectures by Prof. Suzanne Lacasse, Douglas F. VanDine and Jorgen S. Steenfelt respectively. All the sessions were quite informative and useful for young geotechnical engineers. After the key lectures, parallel sessions were organized and were dedicated to various themes of geotechnical engineering. The presentation led me to realize that the geotechnical challenges are common to some extent despite the distance between nations. I found out that landslides are major threat to Nordic countries. I was impressed by their research studies towards mitigating landslide hazards. Poster sessions were also organized during the lunch and coffee breaks. I had the opportunity to interact with many professionals and researchers working in my similar area during poster session. I also discussed with few people for potential cooperation in geotechnical engineering. I visited some of the exhibitions and stalls of few companies and came to know about the latest instrumentation technologies and software in geotechnical engineering. Apart from the conference, I also had the opportunity to visit some of the attractive and world famous places in Iceland. Some of the places which I visited are Gullfoss waterfall, Geysir, Þingvellir National Park. Overall, I can say that NGM gave me the opportunity to learn and understand the challenges that occur in geotechnical engineering throughout the world. Last but not the least, I would like to thank the ISSMGE Foundation for their financial support in attending this conference.

Picture 1. Photograph taken with Prof. Antonio Gens, Vice-President of the ISSMGE for Europe

Picture 2. Photograph taken with Prof. Vikas

Thakur from NTNU, Norway Anil Kumar Sharma Amrita University, Coimbatore, India


xii)

ISSMGE Foundation report

Publication: Design of Column-Reinforced Foundations Publisher: J. Ross Publishing Inc. (Florida, USA). Author: Mounir Bouassida Overview: The design of foundations on reinforced soil by columns is tackled within a general framework where several aspects are taken into consideration: modeling of reinforced soil, bearing capacity, settlement, acceleration of consolidation, and improvement of soil characteristics with selected case histories. Unlike existing books on unique improvement techniques (deep soil mixing, stone columns, sand compaction piles) that focus on installation and equipment issues, this one-of-a-kind guide details design purpose. It is an important work for all in the geotechnical field, including practitioners, academics, and students. Key Features:

Introduces a novel methodology of design for all columnar-techniques, via an optimized improvement area ratio determined by combining the bearing capacity and settlement verifications that constitute an original result

Provides case histories that show this optimized design is cost effective compared to existing methods based either on bearing capacity or settlement considerations

Shows the value of the optimized design achieved by elaborated columns through software already in use by geotechnical engineers

Analysis of the behavior of reinforced soil by columns, carried out by finite element and finite difference codes, subjected to various vertically loaded structures, shows the effectiveness of floating columns that can be adopted for reinforcement of thick compressible deposits

Rationally handles the design of column-reinforced foundations from modeling up to the study of behavior predicted by numerical analysis and assessed by field test results.


xiii)

Hot News Book review: Design of Column-Reinforced Foundations


The ISSMGE offers the following awards to recognise those members who have made important contributions to our profession, society and the world. For more information and guidelines for the nomination of the various awards please visit http://www.issmge.org/en/awards. Awards for:

Outstanding Technical Committee

Outstanding Geotechnical Project

Outstanding Innovator

Outstanding Member Society

Outstanding Paper Published in the International Journal of Geo-Engineering Case Histories

Outstanding Public Relations Award

Outstanding Young Geotechnical Engineer Award (3)

Member Societies are hereby called to submit nominations for ISSMGE awards for the 19th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering to be held in Seoul, South Korea, in September 2017. Nominations are to be submitted to the Secretary General from 1st October 2015 and will close on 1st July 2016. For more information and guidelines for the nomination of the various awards please visit http://www.issmge.org/en/awards.


xiv)

Hot News Call for nominations of ISSMGE Awards

http://www.issmge.org/en/awards

http://www.issmge.org/en/awards

ISSMGE EVENTS Please refer to the specific conference website for full details and latest information.

2016 12th International Symposium on Landslides Date: Sunday 12 June 2016 - Sunday 19 June 2016 Location: Naples, Italy Language: English Contact person: Italian Geotechnical Association (AGI) Address: Viale dell’Università, 11 - 00185, Roma, Italy Phone: +39 064465569 - 0644704349 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.isl2016.it/ 8ème Journées Africaines de la Géotechnique Date: Monday 20 June 2016 - Friday 24 June 2016 Location: Hotel Sawa, DOUALA, Cameroon Language: French and English Organizer: CTGA E-mail: http://www.8jag-cngc.org/8jag/contact/ Website: www.8jag-cngc.org 1st International Conference on Natural Hazards & Infrastructure: Protection, Design, Rehabilitation Date: Tuesday 28 June 2016 - Thursday 30 June 2016 Location: Minoa Palace Resort & Spa, Chania, Crete, Greece Address: Pampouki 3, N. Psychiko,15451, Athens, Greece Phone: +30 210 7723383, +30 210 6721798 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://iconhic2016.com/ Conference in Honour of Michele Maugeri Date: Friday 01 July 2016 - Friday 01 July 2016 Location: University of Catania Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAR) Auditorium - Edificio della Didattica Cit, Catania, Italy Language: English Organizer: Italian Geotechnical Society Contact person: AGI Address: Viale dell'Università 11, 00185 Rome, Italy Phone: +39 06 4465569 Fax: +39 06 44361035 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.associazionegeotecnica.it


Event Diary

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.isl2016.it/

http://www.8jag-cngc.org/8jag/contact/

http://www.8jag-cngc.org/


http://iconhic2016.com/


http://www.associazionegeotecnica.it/

GeoChina 2016 Date: Monday 25 July 2016 - Wednesday 27 July 2016 Location: Shandong, China Language: English Organizer: Shandong University in Cooperation with Shandong Department of Transportation and University of Oklahoma Contact person: Antony Warden Address: Shanghai, China Phone: +86-021-54721773 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://geochina2016.geoconf.org/ 8th Asian Young Geotechnical Engineering Conference (8 AYGEC) Date: Friday 05 August 2016 - Sunday 07 August 2016 Location: Astana, Kazakhstan Language: English Organizer: Kazakhstan Geotechnical Society Contact Person: Prof. Askar Zhussupbekov - Chairman of Organizing Committee of the 8th AYGEC Address: 2 Satpayev Str, Astana, Kazakhstan, 010008, Phone: +7-7172-35-37-40 Fax: +7-7172-34-47-96 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://kgs-astana.wix.com/8aygec 5th African Young Geotechnical Engineering Conference Date: Wednesday 10 August 2016 - Friday 12 August 2016 Location: KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana Language: English Organizer: Ghana Geotechnical Society Contact person: Ing. Felix Jojo Ayeh Address: Civil Engineering Department, Private Mail Bag, Kumasi, Ghana Phone: +233(0)264452786 E-mail: [email protected] 1st International Conference on Energy Geotechnics ICEGT 2016 Date: Monday 29 August 2016 - Wednesday 31 August 2016 Location: Auditorium Maximum (Audimax) of Kiel University, Kiel, Germany Language: English Organizer: ISSMGE TC308 on Energy Geotechnics Contact person: ICEGT 2016 Secretariat Address: Ludewig Meyn Str. 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany Phone: +49 - (0) 431 - 880 1976 Fax: +49 - (0) 431 - 880 4376 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.iceg-2016.de/


Event Diary (Con’t)


http://geochina2016.geoconf.org/


http://kgs-astana.wix.com/8aygec



http://www.iceg-2016.de/

3rd ICTG International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics Date: Sunday 04 September 2016 - Wednesday 07 September 2016 Location: Vila Flor Cultural Centre and University of Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal Language: English Organizer: Portuguese Geotechnical Society and University of Minho Contact person: Prof. A. Gomes Correia (Chair) Address: University of Minho, School of Engineering, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal Phone: +351253510200 Fax: +351253510217 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.webforum.com/tc3 5th International Conference on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characteristion (ISC’5) Date: Monday 05 September 2016 - Friday 09 September 2016 Location: QT Hotel, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia Language: English Organizer: Leishman Associates Address: 113 Harrington St, 7000, Hobart, TAS, Australia Phone: 03 6234 7844 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.isc5.com.au 8th International Conference on Scour and Erosion, Date: Monday 12 September 2016 - Wednesday 15 September 2016 Location: University of Oxford Mathematical Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom Language: English Organizer: HR Wallingford Contact person: Sarah Moxon Address: HR Wallingford, Howbery Park, OX10 8BA, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0)1491 835381 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.icse2016.com/ 3rd European Conference on Unsaturated Soils - Paris 2016 Date: Monday 12 September 2016 - Wednesday 14 September 2016 Location: Ecole des ponts ParisTech, Marne la Vallée, France Language: English Organizer: Ecole des ponts Contact person: Severine Beaunier Address: PFC, Maison des ponts, 15 Rue de la Fontaine au Roi ,75011 Paris, France Phone: 33144582700 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://eunsat2016.sciencesconf.org/




http://www.webforum.com/tc3


http://www.isc5.com.au/


http://www.icse2016.com/


http://eunsat2016.sciencesconf.org/

13th Baltic States Geotechnical Conference Date: Thursday 15 September 2016 - Saturday 17 September 2016 Location: Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Language: English Organizer: Baltic Sea states Geotechnical Societies / Main organizer Lithuanian Geotechnical Society Contact person: Danutė Sližytė Address: Saulėtekio ave. 15-510, LT-10224, Vilnius, Lithuania Phone: +37068690044 Fax: +37052500604 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.13bsgc.lt International Geotechnical Engineering Conference on Sustainability in Geotechnical Engineering Practices and Related Urban Issues Date: Friday 23 September 2016 - Saturday 24 September 2016 Location: Ramada Powai Hotel and Convention Centre, Saki Vihar Road, Powai, Mumbai Maharashtra, India Language: English Organizer: Indian Geotechnical Society Mumbai Chapter with Indian Geotechnical Society (IGS) and ISSMGE Contact person: Prof. Deepankar Choudhury Address: Professor and Organising Secretary, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, 400076 Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Phone: +91-22-25767335 Fax: +91-22-25767302 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.igsmumbaichapter.in/ 69th Annual Canadian Geotechnical Conference - GeoVancouver2016 Date: Sunday 02 October 2016 - Wednesday 05 October 2016 Location: Westin Bayshore Hotel, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Language: English and French Organizer: The Canadian Geotechnical Society (see: www.cgs.ca) Contact person Dr. Mustapha Zergoun, P.Eng., P.E. Address: Suite 900, 1281 West Georgia Street, V6E 3J7, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Phone: 604-684-4384 Fax: 604-684-5124 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.geovancouver2016.com GEO-EXPO 2016 Scientific and Expert Conference Date: Friday 07 October 2016 - Saturday 08 October 2016 Location: Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Language: English, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Organizer: Geotechnical Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina Contact person: Prof. Sabid Zekan Address: Univerzitetska 2, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina Phone: + 387 61 56 22 77 Fax: + 387 35 32 05 70 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Website: http://www.geotehnika.ba




http://www.13bsgc.lt/


http://www.igsmumbaichapter.in/

http://www.cgs.ca/


http://www.geovancouver2016.com/



http://www.geotehnika.ba/

9th All-Ukrainian Scientific-Technical Conference “Soil mechanics, geotechnics and foundation engineering”: “Geotechnical innovations and implementation of Eurocodes in Ukraine” Date: Tuesday 11 October 2016 - Thursday 13 October 2016 Location: Dnieper state academy of construction and architecture, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine Language: English, Ukrainian, Russia Organizer: Ukrainian society of soil mechanics, geotechnics and foundation engineering Address: SE NDIBK, 5/2 Preobrazhenska street, 03037, Kiev-37, Ukraine Phone: (056) 247-08-88 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.niisc.com (section: Conferences) XVIII Brazilian Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering - COBRAMSEG 2016 Date: Wednesday 19 October 2016 - Saturday 22 October 2016 Location: Minascentro, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Language: Portuguese and English Organizer: ABMS - Brazilian Society for Soils Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.cobramseg2016.com.br/ SFGE 2016 – Shaping the Future of Geotechnical Education – International Conference on Geo-Engineering Education Date: Thursday 20 October 2016 - Saturday 22 October 2016 Location: Minascentro, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Language: English Organizer: ISSMGE TC306 and ABMS - Brazilian Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Contact person: Michele Calvello E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Website: http://cobramseg2016.com.br/index.php/sfge-sobre/?lang=en V South American Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference - SAYGEC/GEOJOVEM 2016 Date: Thursday 20 October 2016 - Saturday 22 October 2016 Location: Minascentro, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Language: Portuguese, Spanish, English Organizer: ABMS - Brazilian Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Contact person: Profa. Terezinha Esposito E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.cobramseg2016.com.br

11th ANZ Young Geotechnical Professionals Conference (11YGPC) Date: Tuesday 25 October 2016 - Friday 28 October 2016 Location: Queenstown, New Zealand Language: English Organizer: NZGS Contact person: Frances Neeson E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.nzgs.org/resources/pdfs/YGP_11Queens2016formsv1.pdf




http://www.niisc.com/


http://www.cobramseg2016.com.br/



http://cobramseg2016.com.br/index.php/sfge-sobre/?lang=en


http://www.cobramseg2016.com.br/


http://www.nzgs.org/resources/pdfs/YGP_11Queens2016formsv1.pdf

5th International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics Date: Monday 14 November 2016 - Wednesday 16 November 2016 Location: Tehran, Iran Organizer: International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics Contact person: 009888931328 Address: Unit2, No 14, Eftekharnia Alley, Larestan St, Motahari Ave, 1595914911 Tehran, Iran Phone: 9888931507 Fax: 9888931275 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.igs.ir

Geotec Hanoi 2016 Date: Thursday 24 November 2016 - Friday 25 November 2016 Location: JW Marriott Hotel Hanoi, No 8 Do Duc Duc Road, Me Tri Ward, South Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam Language: English Organizer: FECON, VSSMGE, and JGS Contact person: GEOTEC HANOI 2016 Secretariat Address: FECON Corp, 15th Floor, CEO Tower, Lot HH2-1 Urban Me Tri Ha, Pham Hung Street, Ward Me Tri, Nam Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam Phone: +84 4 6269.0481 / 82 Fax: +84 4 6269 0484 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.geotechn.vn IX Chilean Congress of Geotechnics Date: Monday 05 December 2016 - Wednesday 07 December 2016 Location: Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, XIV Región de Los Ríos, Chile Language: Spanish - English Organizer: SOCHIGE Contact person: Macarena Tugas Address: San Isidro 53, Santiago, Santiago, Chile Phone: +56994253193 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.congresosochige.cl International Conference on Forensic Geotechnical Engineering Date: Thursday 08 December 2016 - Saturday 10 December 2016 Location: Satish Dhawan Auditorium,Bangalore, Karnataka, India Language: English Organizer: ISSMGE TC 302 Contact person: Dr. Anbazhagan Address: Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Phone: 00918022932467 E-mail: [email protected]




http://www.igs.ir/


http://www.geotechn.vn/


http://www.congresosochige.cl/


2017

Advances in Laboratory Testing and Modelling of Soils and Shales Date: Wednesday 18 January 2017 - Friday 20 January 2017 Location: Swiss Alps, Switzerland Language: English Organizer: Prof. Lyesse Laloui and Prof. Alessio Ferrari Contact person: Ms Valentina Favero Address: EPFL-ENAC-IIC-LMS, Station 18, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland Phone: +41 (0)21 693 23 13 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://atmss.epfl.ch International Conference on New Challenges In Geotechnical Engineering, ICNCGE-2017 Date: Monday 23 January 2017 Location: FAST National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Language: English Organizer: Pakistan Geotechnical Engineering Society - PGES Contact person: Syed Badar Ul Hussnain Address: NESPAK House, 1-C, Block N, Model Town Lahore-Pakistan, 54700, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Phone: +92 42 99090325 Fax: +92 42 99231950 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.pges-pak.org/home/icncge-2017 9th International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, IS - São Paulo 2017 Date: Tuesday 04 April 2017 - Thursday 06 April 2017 Location: Centro de Convenções Rebouças,São Paulo,SP,Brazil Language: English Organizer: Brazilian Association for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ABMS) and the Brazilian Tunnelling Committee (CBT) Contact person: MCI São Paulo Address: Rua George Ohm, 230 – Torre A, 19º Andar, 04576-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Phone: 55 11 3056-6000 Fax: 55 11 3056-6000 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.is-saopaulo.com BCRRA 2017 - Tenth International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields. Date: Wednesday 28 June 2017 - Friday 30 June 2017 Location: ATHENS, Greece Language: English Local Organizer: National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Contact person: Prof. Andreas Loizos Address: 5, Iroon Polytechniou str.,15773, ATHENS, Greece Phone: + 30 210 7721279 Fax: + 30 210 7724254 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.bcrra2017.com/




http://atmss.epfl.ch/


http://www.pges-pak.org/home/icncge-2017


http://www.is-saopaulo.com/


http://www.bcrra2017.com/

GeoMEast 2017 Date: Saturday 15 July 2017 - Wednesday 19 July 2017 Location: Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt Language: English Organizer: The Egyptian Housing and Building Research Center (HBRC) in cooperation with the Soil-Structure Interaction Group in Egypt (SSIGE) Contact person: Hany Farouk Shehata Address: Tower C, Maamora Towers, 7th District, Nasr City, 11727 ,Cairo, Egypt Phone: +201110666775 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.geomeast2017.org/ PBD-III Vancouver 2017 - The 3rd International Conference on Performance Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Date: Sunday 16 July 2017 - Wednesday 19 July 2017 Location: Westin Bayshore Hotel (http://www.westinbayshore.com/) Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Language: English Organizer: TC203 (Earthquakes) Website: http://pbdiiivancouver.com/ ICSMGE 2017 - 19th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Seoul Date: Sunday 17 September 2017 - Thursday 21 September 2017 Location: Coex Convention Center, Seoul, Korea Language: English and French Organizer: Organising Committee of ICSMGE 2017 Contact person: Ms. Soi LEE Address: 4F, SUNGJI Building, 192, Bangbae-ro, Seocho-gu, 137-835, Seoul, Republic of Korea Phone: +82-2-6288-6347 Fax: +82-2-6288-6399 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.icsmge2017.org

2018 4th International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’18) Date: Thursday 21 June 2018 - Friday 22 June 2018 Location: Delft University of Technology (TUD), Delft, Netherlands, Language: English Organizer: Delft University of Technology (endorsed by TC102) Contact person: Prof. Michael Hicks, Dr. Federico Pisanò and Ir. Joek Peuchen Address: Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Section of Geo-Engineering, Building 23, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands Phone: +31 70 31 11299 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.cpt18.org




http://www.geomeast2017.org/

http://www.westinbayshore.com/

http://pbdiiivancouver.com/


http://www.icsmge2017.org/


http://www.cpt18.org/

The 7th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils (UNSAT2018) Date: Friday 03 August 2018 - Sunday 05 August 2018 Location: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China Language: English Organizer: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Contact persons: Prof. Charles W. W. Ng (Chair), Miss Shirley Tse (Administrative Secretary) or Dr Anthony Leung (Technical Secretary) Address: Geotechnical Centrifuge Facility, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, HKSAR, China Phone: (852) 2358-0216 Fax: (852) 2243-0040 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unsat2018.org

2019 ISDCG 2019 – 7th International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials Date: Wednesday 26 June 2019 - Friday 28 June 2019 Location: Technology and Innovation Centre (TIC) of the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK, Language: English Organizer: TC101 Website: in construction ECSMGE 2019 – XVII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Date: Sunday 01 September 2019 - Friday 06 September 2019 Location: Harpa Conference Centre Reykjavik, Iceland Language: English Organizer: The Icelandic Geotechnical Society Contact person: Haraldur Sigursteinsson Address: Vegagerdin, Borgartún 7, IS-109, Reykjavik, Iceland Phone: +354 522 1236 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.ecsmge-2019.com

FOR FURTHER DETAILS, PLEASE REFER TO THE WEBSITE OF THE SPECIFIC CONFERENCE




http://www.unsat2018.org/


http://www.ecsmge-2019.com/

S.N. Apageo S.A.S. ZA de Gomberville BP 35 - 78114 MAGNY LES HAMEAUX FRANCE

Deltares PO Box 177 2600 AB Delft, THE NETHERLANDS

Golder Associates Inc 1000, 940-6th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta CANADA T2P 3T1

Jan de Nul N.V. Tragel 60, B-9308 Hofstade-Aalst BELGIUM

NAUE GmbH Co KG Gewerbestrasse 2 32339 Espelkamp-Fiestel GERMANY

Norwegian Geotechnical Institute P.O. Box 3930 Ullevaal Stadion N-0806 OSLO NORWAY

SOLETANCHE BACHY SA 133 boulevard National, 92500 Rueil-Malmaison, FRANCE

Tensar International Ltd Cunningham Court Shadsworth Business Park Blackburn, BB1 2QX, UNITED KINGDOM

Terre Armée 280, avenue Napoléon Bonaparte 92506 Rueil Malmaison Cedex France

Zetas Zemin Teknolojisi AS Merkez Mah. Resadiye Cad. No. 69/A Alemdag, Umraniye Istanbul, 34794 TURKEY

Siemens Energy Kaiserleistrasse10 63067 Offenbach GERMANY

International I.G.M. s.a.r.l. P.O.Box: 166129 Achrafieh Beirut LEBANON

TenCate Geosynthetics 9, rue Marcel Paul B.P. 40080 95873 Bezons Cedex FRANCE

RCF Ltd 4C Ologun Agbeje Victoria Island Lagos, Nigeria

Coffey Geotechnics 8/12 Mars Road Lane Cove West NSW, 2066 AUSTRALIA

A.P. van den Berg IJzerweg 4 8445 PK Heerenveen THE NETHERLANDS

Pagani Geotechnical Equipment Localita Campogrande 26 29010 Calendasco (PC) Italy www.pagani-geotechnical.com


Corporate Associates

http://www.pagani-geotechnical.com/

Huesker Ltda Rua Romualdo Davoli, 375 Cond. El Dorado CEP 12238.577 São José dos Campos SP BRAZIL

AECOM Asia Company Ltd 8/F, Tower 2, Grand Central Plaza 138 Shatin Rural Committee Road Shatin, NT HONG KONG

Ove Arup & Partners Ltd. 13 Fitzroy Street London W1T 4BQ UNITED KINGDOM

GHD Pty, Ltd. 57-63 Herbert Street Artarmon NSW 2064 AUSTRALIA

Hayward Baker Inc. 1130 Annapolis Road, Suite 202 Odenton, MD 21113 UNITED STATES

Terrasol 42/52 Quai de la Rapée - CS7123075583 Paris CEDEX 12 FRANCE

LLC GEOIZOL Bolshoy PR PS h.25//2 lits E. 197198 Saint Petersburg

Novosibirsk Engineering Center Ltd. Televisionnaya Street,15 Novosibirsk 630048 RUSSIA

Maccaferri Via Kennedy 10 40069 Zola Predosa (Bologna) ITALY


Corporate Associates (Con’t)

The Foundation of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE) was created to provide financial help to geo-engineers throughout the world who wish to further their geo-engineering knowledge and enhance their practice through various activities which they could not otherwise afford. These activities include attending conferences, participating in continuing education events, purchasing geotechnical reference books and manuals.

Diamond: $50,000 and above

a. ISSMGE-2010 http://www.issmge.org/

b. Prof. Jean-Louis and Mrs. Janet Briaud https://www.briaud.com and http://ceprofs.tamu.edu/briaud/

Platinum: $25,000 to $49,999

Gold: $10,000 to $24,999 a. International I-G-M

http://www.i-igm.net/ b. Geo-Institute of ASCE

http://content.geoinstitute.org/

c. Japanese Geotechnical Society

http://www.jiban.or.jp/

d. The Chinese Institution of Soil Mechanics

and Geotechnical Engineering – CCES www.geochina-cces.cn/en

e. Korean Geotechnical Society www.kgshome.or.kr

f. Comité Français de Mécanique des Sols et de Géotechnique

www.cfms-sols.org

Silver: $1,000 to $9,999 a. Prof. John Schmertmann

b. Deep Foundation Institute www.dfi.org

c. Yonsei University http://civil.yonsei.ac.kr


Foundation Donors

http://www.issmge.org/

https://www.briaud.com/

http://ceprofs.tamu.edu/briaud/

http://www.i-igm.net/

http://content.geoinstitute.org/

http://www.jiban.or.jp/

http://www.kgshome.or.kr/

http://www.dfi.org/

http://civil.yonsei.ac.kr/

d. CalGeo – The California Geotechnical Engineering Association

www.calgeo.org

e. Prof. Ikuo Towhata [email protected] http://geotle.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

f. Chinese Taipei Geotechnical Society www.tgs.org.tw

g. Prof. Zuyu Chen

http://www.iwhr.com/zswwenglish/index.htm

h. East China Architectural Design and Research Institute ECADI http://www.ecadi.com/en/

i. TC 211 of ISSMGE for Ground Improvement

www.bbri.be/go/tc211

j. Prof. Askar Zhussupbekov www.enu.kz/en, www.kgs-astana.kz

k. TC302 of ISSMGE for Forensic Geotechnical Engineering

http://www.issmge.org/en/technical-committees/impact-on-society/163-forensic-geotechnical-engineering

l. Prof. Yoshinori Iwasaki [email protected]

m. Mr. Clyde N. Baker, Jr.

n. Prof. Hideki Ohta

o. Prof. Eun Chul Shin [email protected] n.ac.krecshin

p. Prof. Tadatsugu Tanaka

Bronze: up to $999

a. Prof. Mehmet T. Tümay http://www.coe.lsu.edu/administration_tumay.html [email protected]

b. Nagadi Consultants (P) Ltd www.nagadi.co.in

c. Professor Anand J. Puppala

University of Texas Arlington http://www.uta.edu/ce/index.php

d. ARGO-E (Geoengineer.org)

http://www.argo-e.com


Foundation Donors (Con’t)

http://www.calgeo.org/


http://geotle.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

http://www.tgs.org.tw/

http://www.iwhr.com/zswwenglish/index.htm

http://www.ecadi.com/en/

http://www.bbri.be/go/tc211

http://www.enu.kz/en,%20www.kgs-astana.kz






http://www.coe.lsu.edu/administration_tumay.html



http://www.nagadi.co.in/

http://www.uta.edu/ce/index.php

http://www.argo-e.com/

issmge bulletin...this report summarizes the damage brought by the earthquake in and around kumamoto...

Documents