issn 0739-4934 n ew sletter h o f science so...

WHAT IS TO BE DONE?By Joan Cadden

When Lenin posed that ques-tion a little over a century

ago, he was worried about theMarxist transformation ofRussian Social Democracy.Luckily, the concerns that faceme as incoming President of theHSS are on a more modest scale. They are, however, thekind of challenges that can only be met collectively,hence I appeal to the solidarity of the membership intwo areas that might be labeled “theory” and “praxis.”Idealism: Contribute Your Ideas to OurPlanning for the Future

What does HSS do now that it could be doing better?What do we not do that we would like to be doing? Whatdo we do that has become useless or counterproductive?The Executive Committee is assembling an ad hoc com-mittee, under the leadership of Bruce Hunt, to open upthese and other questions. The result is not likely to resem-ble the Russian Revolution, but we hope that it will giverise to specific ideas and a renewed sense of direction. Theresults of this process will be passed on to Council andcommittees for discussion and (when they meet with favor,energy, and resources) for implementation. Please help.Send your thoughts to Bruce Hunt ([email protected]) or to me ([email protected])and they will be incorporated into the conversation.Materialism: Contribute Your Dollars toEndow the HSS Bibliographer

The production of the Current Bibliography and itsincorporation into the on-line database “History of ScienceTechnology and Medicine” are among the most ambitiousservices HSS offers to its members. Through our NEH grant,we hope to endow the position of Society Bibliographer,both to insure its future and to free up funds to pursue otherservices and programs (see “Idealism” above). To receivethe full $125,000 offered by the NEH, we must raise match-ing funds on a strict timetable. Please help.You may donate online by going to http://hssonline.org.

As previous Newsletters have reported, late in2003 the National Endowment for the

Humanities awarded one of its highly covetedChallenge Grants to the History of ScienceSociety. This grant established an HSSBibliographer’s Fund, designed as an endow-ment to secure the future of the Isis CurrentBibliography and of the Society’s continuingcontributions to the on-line HSTM ResearchDatabase. In making this award, NEH chal-lenged the Society to match its offer (of up to$125,000) on a 4-to-1 basis so that, for HSS toreceive the grant’s full amount, it has to raise$500,000 in matching funds. As of the end ofNovember 2005, over 200 members and friendsof the Society, and several family foundations,have contributed ca. $125,000 toward thismatch. Although income from these donations(and from what NEH has paid of its grant todate) is already providing partial support forour Bibliographer, HSS must still raise an addi-tional $375,000 by NEH’s deadline of July 2008 if it is toreceive the full benefit of the award.

Our successes to date derive from the efforts ofthe members of the Council-appointed HSS Dev-elopment Committee (whom we acknowledge byname at the end of this note) and of the Society’sExecutive Committee. We all owe these individualsmuch for their work on behalf of all of us.

To continue this campaign, the Society is aboutto launch Phase II of its effort to fully endow theHSS Bibliographer’s Fund. In doing so, it will bothcontinue and expand previous efforts that have metwith some success.

For example, HSS officers and DevelopmentCommittee members continue to meet with potentialmajor donors, including some who have had long-standing relationships with the Society, and otherswho are just now learning about the field, theSociety, and the bibliographies. Several even had ties

with the Society 40 or 50 years ago that had longsince faded, and they have welcomed the chance tocatch up with the Society’s current programs.

(Continued on page 3)

NewsletterISSN 0739-4934

VOLUME 35 NUMBER 1January 2006

HISTORYOF SCIENCESOCIETY

ContentsNews and Inquiries 3Grants, Fellowships, and Prizes 7Jobs 9Awards, Honors, and Appointments 9Workspace: Jamil Ragep 10An Appropriate Life: A. I. Sabra 12Notes from the Inside: Minneapolis 2005 14Call for Papers 15Future Meetings 18Dissertations 19Isis Books Received 20NEH Donors 23Who has Won the Reingold Prize? 24

Endowing Our Bibliographies: Campaign to Enter Phase II

Help us completeour Bibliographer

Only $375,000to go!

History of Science Society Newsletter January 2006

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History of Science Society Executive Office

Postal Address Physical AddressPO Box 117360 3310 Turlington HallUniversity of Florida University of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611-7360 Gainesville, FL 32611

Phone: 352-392-1677Fax: 352-392-2795

E-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.hssonline.org/

Subscription Inquiries: ISIS and HSS NewsletterPlease contact the University of Chicago Press directly, at:

[email protected]; 877-705-1878/877-705-1879(phone/fax), toll free for U.S. and Canada.

Or write University of Chicago Press, SubscriptionFulfillment Manager, PO Box 37005, Chicago, IL

60637-7363.

Moving?

Please notify both the HSS Executive Office and theUniversity of Chicago Press at the above addresses.

HSS Newsletter

Editorial Policies, Advertising, and Submissions

The History of Science Society Newsletter is published in January, April,July, and October, and sent to all individual members of the Society; thosewho reside outside of North America pay an additional $5 annually to covera portion of airmail charges. The Newsletter is available to nonmembersand institutions for $25 a year.

The Newsletter is edited and desktop published in the Executive Office on anApple system using Microsoft Word and Quark. The format and editorial policiesare determined by the Executive Director in consultation with the Committee onPublications and the Society Editor. All advertising copy must be submitted inelectronic form. Advertisements are accepted on a space-available basis only, andthe Society reserves the right not to accept a submission. The rates are as follows:Full page (9 x 7.5”), $400; Horizontal or Vertical Half page (4.5 x 7.5”), $220;Quarter page (3 x 5”), $110. The deadline for insertion orders and camera-readycopy is six weeks prior to the month of publication (e.g., 20 November for theJanuary Newsletter) and should be sent to the attention of the HSS ExecutiveOffice at the above address. The deadline for news, announcements, and job/fel-lowship/ prize listings is firm: The first of the month prior to the month of pub-lication. Long items (feature stories) should be submitted six weeks prior to themonth of publication as e-mail file attachments or on a 3.5” disk (along with ahard copy). Please send all material to the attention of Michal Meyer at the HSSaddress above (e-mail or disk appreciated).

© 2006 by the History of Science Society

University of OklahomaUniversity of Oklahoma

Andrew W. Mellon TravelFellowship Program

Augmented by a recent $300,000 endowment by theFoundation, the Andrew W. Mellon Travel FellowshipProgram assists scholars outside the centralOklahoma region to make use of the History of ScienceCollections. Proposals from scholars at both predoctor-al and postdoctoral levels are welcome. Deadlines forapplications are October 15 (for research conductedbetween January 1 and June 30) and February 15 (forresearch conducted between July 1 and December 30),with decisions announced within one month.

Application materials and additional information canalso be obtained at our Web site:

libraries.ou.edu/etc/histsci/mellon.asp

For information, please contact: The University of OklahomaThe Andrew W. Mellon Travel FellowshipProgramBizzell Library401 West Brooks, Room 521Norman, OK 73019-0528E-mail: [email protected] [email protected].

OSIRIS ADDED AS NEW MEMBERBENEFIT!

Beginning in 2006, the History of Science Society will adda new benefit to all memberships: the latest volume ofOsiris. Founded in 1936 by George Sarton, and re-launched by the HSS in 1985, this annual thematic jour-nal highlights recent research on significant themes inthe history of science. The paper edition of Osiris, Volume21, “Historical Perspectives on Science, Technology, andInternational Affairs,” will mail late summer 2006.


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Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological andBiomedical Sciences Announces Special IssueStudies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences announcesthe June 2005 special issue dedicated to “Mechanisms in Biology,” with guest editorsCarl F. Craver and Lindley Darden. http://www.elsevier.com/ wps/find/journalcondi-tionsofsale.cws_home/600658/conditionsofsale#conditionsofsale.

New M.A. Program at Bielefeld UniversityThe Master’s Program “History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science” will be offered

at Bielefeld University beginning with the winter semester 2005/2006. This program isoffered at the Institute for Science and Technology Studies (IWT) and is carried out incooperation with the Department of History, Philosophy and Theology and theDepartment of Sociology of Bielefeld University. http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/iwt/studi-engaenge/hpss/.

Help Clemson’s Developing Program in History of Scienceand TechnologyClemson University went through a long struggle to develop revised general educationrequirements and the History of Science and Technology department now needs tomove 3,000 students a year through courses that meet STS requirements. For moreinformation on the developing STS program at Clemson, please see http://www.clem-son.edu/sts. Professor Pam Mack would be interested in any syllabi, case studies, orother material about teaching STS in general education courses. http://people.clem-son.edu/~pammack/.

Update of Dictionary of Scientific BiographyThe new DSB has added recent scientists; now it tackles updating old articles. CharlesScribner’s Sons plans to publish eight new volumes of the Dictionary of ScientificBiography. Also planned is an electronic version of the original DSB that will be inte-grated with the e-version of the new volumes. The eight new print volumes and thecombined electronic version are scheduled to appear in 2007. More information canbe found at the Web site: http://www.indiana.edu/~newdsb/.

APS Library Map Guide Available OnlineRealms of Gold: A Catalogue of Maps in the Library of the American PhilosophicalSociety is now available online in its entirety at http://www.amphilsoc.org/library/mole/r/rog.htm. This project was made possible by a grant from the Gladys KriebleDelmas Foundation. Please address feedback to Richard Shrake [email protected].

A Summary of AAAS’s Aid to the Scientific CommunityAffected by KatrinaA summary of AAAS’s efforts to help the scientific community affected by hurricaneKatrina can be found at http://www.aaas.org/katrina/. We all extend our heartfelt sym-pathy to those whose lives have been so dreadfully disrupted.

News and Inquiries

2005 HSS Honorees

From left to right: Duncan Porter (accepting a special cita-tion on behalf of Frederick Burkhardt), William R. Newman(Pfizer Prize), Janet Browne (distinguished lecture), AlanM. Kraut (Watson Davis and Helen Miles Davis Award),Pamela Mack (Joseph H. Hazen Prize in Education), A. I.Sabra (Sarton Medal), Lawrence M. Principe (Pfizer Prize).Not present: Marc J. Ratcliff (Derek Price/Rod WebsterPrize), Kathleen Broome Williams (Margaret W. RossiterHistory of Women in Science Prize)

Endowing Our Bibliographies (continued from page 1)

Talks with these prospects also reveal that the Society would benefit from beingnamed a legatee in their wills – a step that even those of us with modest meanscan take – and will begin to emphasize the advantages (for them and for theSociety) of Charitable Lead Trusts and Charitable Remainder Trusts.

Phase II of this campaign will also seek a greater involvement of all HSSmembers, based upon the broad dissemination (through personal contact) ofappeals designed to respond to individual members’ particular goals. Alumni ofmajor graduate programs, for example, will be given the opportunity to pay trib-ute to their major professors through individual or pooled donations in theirhonor. These appeals will also highlight the importance of multi-year pledges –such as those already made by several especially generous donors – and thus willcall on members to express their commitment to the bibliographies and theSociety and the field in a tangible form. Past donors will also be asked to renew

their commitments in this way and, as noted, even members without substantialresources can take steps to name the Society in their wills.

Even in the 21st century, the CB and the online HSTM Research Databaseremain essential tools for historians of science, no matter where they might belocated or what their institutional affiliations might or might not be. Even asother organizations propose other web-based resources, to date none offers thespecific focus and other value-added features (such as attention to the periodicalliterature, careful editorial review and coverage of much non-English material)of the HSS bibliographies. And if Phase II of our campaign proves successful, wewill have secured their continued effectiveness for the foreseeable future.Members of the HSS Development Committee include: Mary Louise Gleason,Frederick Gregory, Judith R. Goodstein, Richard L. Kremer, Edward J. Larson,Kenneth M. Ludmerer, Darwin H. Stapleton, and Spencer R. Weart.

Security Measures at the National Library of MedicineSecurity has been increased at the National Library of Medicine and the entireNational Institutes of Health campus in Bethesda, Maryland. For details of currentNIH security procedures, go to: http://www.nih.gov/about/visitorsecurity.htm.

‘Einstein’s Big Idea’ Available on DVD and VHSIn time for the 100th anniversary of the formation of the world’s most famous equa-tion, E=mc2 WGBH Boston Video has just released NOVA’s newest docudrama,“Einstein’s Big Idea.” To order any DVD or VHS release from WGBH Boston Video,including Einstein’s Big Idea, call 1.800.949.8670 or visit http://www.shop.wgbh.org/.

Eighteenth-Century Pennsylvania Manuscripts AvailableThe Library of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia announces the availability oftwo fully searchable 18th-century Pennsylvania manuscripts on its Web site:http://www.collphyphil.org. The texts are the Medicina Pensylvania of George deBenneville and the Remediorum Specimina, the record of the practice and recipes of

Abraham Wagner. The manuscripts are available at http://contentdm.collphyphil.org.

Susquehanna University Medical Humanities InitiativeSusquehanna University is pleased to announce the launch of its MedicalHumanities Initiative. For details, please see http://www.susqu.edu/mhi/.

Science and Culture in Nineteenth-Century BritainPickering and Chatto announces a major new series of scholarly works on nine-teenth century British science and its cultural and social contexts. Proposals mayaddress any aspect of nineteenth century British science, for example disciplinessuch as geology, biology, botany, astronomy, physics, chemistry, medicine, andmathematics. The Editor and the Editorial Board invite proposals for new books forpublication in the series. Although this will be primarily a monograph series, theyare also willing to consider edited collections. Send proposals to: Bernard Lightman,309 Bethune College, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J1P3 ([email protected]).


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David Dibner died unexpectedly at his home in Wilton, Connecticut onSeptember 28, 2005. David, who was 78 years old, was the Chairman of the

Dibner Fund, a philanthropic foundation, and former Chairman of the BurndyCorporation, a leading multinational manufacturer of electrical and electronicconnectors and tools.

David had a long, distinguished career. After serving in the navy during WWII,he trained as an engineer at Columbia University and continued with post-graduatestudies at the London School of Economics and, later, theAdvanced Management Program at Harvard University. In hismore than 30-year career at the Burndy Corporation he rose fromengineer to Chairman of the Board.

In 1989, following the death of his father, David assumedresponsibility for the Dibner Fund and the Burndy Library, one ofthe world’s outstanding collections of rare books, manuscripts,incunabula, and instruments in the history of science and tech-nology. Together with his wife Frances Kessler Dibner and with thesupport of the Dibner Fund, David then established the DibnerInstitute for the History of Science and Technology, dedicated toadvanced study in the field, and relocated the Burndy Libraryfrom Norwalk, Connecticut, to join the Institute in the newly ren-ovated Dibner Building on the campus of MIT. Since then, withDavid as President, the Burndy Library has more than doubled thenumber of volumes it houses, including the long-term deposit of the Grace K.Babson and the Vito Volterra collections.

David was Chairman of the Board of the Dibner Institute from its inceptionuntil 2002, when he turned that responsibility over to his son, Brent Dibner. David,however, remained an active member of the Board until his death. The DibnerInstitute received its first group of Senior Fellows in the Fall of 1993. Since thenmore than 250 individuals from 27 different countries have been either Senior orPostdoctoral Fellows at the Institute, together with more than 90 Graduate StudentFellows from its three consortium schools, MIT, Harvard University, and BostonUniversity – all through the support of the Dibner Fund. The Dibner Institute alsoheld workshops every year, out of which have come nine volumes in the DibnerInstitute Studies in the History of Science and Technology, published by MIT Press,with several more in press or preparation. For 15 years the Dibner Fund and the

Dibner Institute have sponsored the one-week seminar in the history and philosophyof biology held annually at the Marine Biology Laboratory in Woods Hole,Massachusetts. Under David’s leadership, the Dibner Fund joined with the Alfred P.Sloan Foundation in 2000 to sponsor the Web-based project, the History of RecentScience and Technology (hrst.mit.edu), aimed at drawing scientists into partner-ships with historians to begin recording for posterity their own research.

David left the daily management of the Institute and Library to their Directors.Nevertheless, his presence was felt all the time, especially his preoc-cupation with excellence. His personal sense of excellence shows upin countless details of the layout and furnishings of the DibnerBuilding, the renovation of which he oversaw. At the door of theInstitute is a bust of Bern Dibner which David had personallysculpted. Most important of all, however, was his insistence that theInstitute represent a standard of excellence in the field of history ofscience and technology. The Dibner Institute, in a real sense,became a direct extension of his personality.

In 2004, when the affiliation agreement with MIT neared itsend, David devoted considerable energy to finding a home for theBurndy Library where it would be readily accessible to scholars andwould never have to move again. Although he did not live to seethe Burndy in its new home at the Huntington Library in SanMarino, California, David’s last day was spent at a meeting working

out details of the move, reassuring everyone that the Dibner Fund would continue tosupport the history of science and technology.

David leaves his wife of 55 years, Frances; his sons and daughters-in-law, Brentand Relly (Wolfson) Dibner, Daniel and Victoria (Clark) Dibner, and Mark andRachel (Zax) Dibner; and eight grandchildren, Gil, Tal, Carmel, Aurora, Avalon,Bern, Sage, and Skye. David’s late parents were Bern and Barbara Dibner also ofWilton, Connecticut. Bern, who founded the Dibner Fund, was himself a historian ofscience, and was the sole recipient of both the Society for the History of Technology’sLeonardo da Vinci Medal (1974) and the History of Science Society’s George SartonMedal (1976). The Dibner family legacy in the history of science and technology,which began with David’s father in the 1940s, will live on at the Huntington Librarydue in large part to David’s and Frances’ efforts and commitment.

– George Smith and Bonnie Edwards

In Memoriam: David Dibner


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National Science Foundation ChangesIn recent months the National Science Foundation’s Science and TechnologyStudies Program (STS) has undergone some changes. That program has nowmerged with a separate, but closely related program, the Societal Dimensionsof Engineering, Science and Technology, to form a new program calledScience and Society. The new program retains all components of the two previ-ous programs, as well as the separate program officers and advisory panels.The Web site address is http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5324&org=SES&from=home.

New Journal in the History of ScienceThe Yearbook for European Culture of Science (YECS) is a peer-reviewed internation-al journal which publishes original research on the processes forming the Europeanculture of science. The main focus is on developments from the 18th century onwards.The next issue (vol. 2) concentrates on the history of evolutionary theory in the 20thcentury in all its aspects, including the impact of evolutionary theory on social sciencesand interconnections between evolutionary theory and social-political history.

H-Adjunct: H-Net Network for Adjunct, Part-Time andTemporary Faculty Announcing H-Adjunct: H-Net Network for Adjunct, part-time and temporary facultyat universities, colleges and community colleges. H-Adjunct is an open, inter-disci-plinary forum for issues. Logs and more information can also be located at:http://www.h-net.org/~adjunct.

New Program in History of Ocean SciencesSea Education Association’s new Marine Environmental History Semester offers

students the opportunity to intellectually and physically explore the ways thathumans have shaped this region. Taking the eastern equatorial Pacific as aregional case study, Sea Education Association’s Marine Environmental HistorySemester will explore the linkages between human activities, environmentalconcerns, and changing understandings of nature. For more information, pleasecontact Matthew McKenzie, [email protected], or go to http://www.sea.edu/academics/programs.asp.

Durham University Accepting ApplicationsDurham University’s Department of Philosophy, Centre for the History of Medicineand Disease (CHMD), and School for Health are now accepting applications forthe 2006/07 class of their M.A. Program in the History and Philosophy of Scienceand Medicine (HPSM). For further queries visit: http://www.dur.ac.uk/hpsm.ma/or http://www.dur.ac.uk/postgraduate/apply/.

Catalan Museum of Medical History has New English-Language Web SiteAn English version of the Catalan Museum of Medical History in Barcelona(Spain) is now available at: http://www.museudelamedicina.org. Visit theMuseum’s virtual exhibition at: http://www.museudelamedicina.org/ exposi-cions/temporals.htm.

Funding for the Center for Nanotechnology at UCSBThe National Science Foundation recently announced that the University ofCalifornia, Santa Barbara, would receive funds for five years (renewable) to hosta national Center for Nanotechnology in Society. News about the award is avail-able at: http://www.ia.ucsb.edu/pa/display.aspx?pkey=1348.

Marshall Clagett, one of the world’s leading historians of medieval science,passed away in Princeton, N.J. on 21 October 2005. He was 89. Dr. Clagett

was Professor Emeritus in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute forAdvanced Study, his academic home for the past four decades. The author ofmore than a dozen volumes on the history of science and mathematics,Professor Clagett was one of the dominant scholars in the fieldof medieval science in the 20th century.

Dr. Clagett had a long association with the History ofScience Society. In 1960 the Society presented him with thePfizer Award for his book The Science of Mechanics in theMiddle Ages; he was president of the society in 1963 and1964; and in 1980 he was awarded the Sarton Medal for life-time achievements in the history of science. Dr. Clagett wasalso involved in the Medieval Academy of America, theAmerican Philosophical Society, the Deutsche Gesellschaft fürGeschichte der Medizin, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, andthe International Academy of the History of Science, where hewas vice-president from 1968-1971.

Dr. Clagett was born in 1916 in Washington D.C. He beganhis undergraduate years at the California Institute of Technology,but then moved to George Washington University. In 1941 hereceived his doctorate in history from Columbia University. DuringWorld War II, he served in the navy, reaching the rank of lieu-tenant commander. After military service he returned to Columbia

University and taught history and history of science. He moved to the University of Wisconsin in 1947, and remained there until

1964. From 1959 he was director of the university’s Institute for Research in theHumanities, and played a critical role in making the University of Wisconsin acenter for the history of science.

From the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Clagett moved to theInstitute for Advanced Study at Princeton. Most recently, he was pro-fessor emeritus in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute.

Dr. Clagett’s scholarship ranged from antiquity to themedieval and Renaissance West, and he received many awardsfor his work over the years, including the Alexandre KoyréMedal of the International Academy of the History of Science in1981 for Archimedes in the Middle Ages. He was also awardedthe John Frederick Lewis Prize of the American PhilosophicalSociety for volumes II and IV of the same book. In 1995, hewas awarded the Giovanni Dondi dall’Orologio European Prizein the History of Science, Technology, and Industry, also a life-time achievement award. In 1996 he won the InternationalGalileo Galilei Prize.

At the time of his death Dr. Clagett was working on thefourth and final volume of Ancient Egyptian Science, the firstvolume of which also won the John Frederick Lewis Prize of theAmerican Philosophical Society.

He will be missed.

In Memoriam: Marshall Clagett

Marshall Clagett at the ceremo-ny for the International GalileoGalilei Prize for Contributionsto the History of Science in Italy(Pisa – October 6, 1996).

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University of Leeds Accepting Applications The Division of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Leeds wel-comes applications for the 2006/07 class of their M.A. Program in the History andPhilosophy of Science. Apply either through the School of Philosophy, or onlineat http://www.leeds.ac.uk/students/apply.htm. To apply for studentships, contact:Katie Lanceley, Postgraduate Secretary, School of Philosophy. Phone:44.11.3343.3263. E-mail: [email protected].

Founding of the Bulgarian Society for ChemistryEducation and History and Philosophy of ChemistryOn 29 September 2005, the Bulgarian Society for Chemistry Education andHistory and Philosophy of Chemistry (CE&HPC) was formed with the objective offostering interest both in chemistry education and history and philosophy ofchemistry with their social and cultural dimensions and influences. For informa-tion on membership, please contact: Professor B.V. Toshev, University of Sofia1 James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Phone: 359.2.8629049; e-mail:[email protected].

Darwin at the American Museum of Natural HistoryThe American Museum of Natural History presents “Darwin,” the most exten-sive exhibit ever dedicated to the naturalist and his theory of evolution. Theexhibition is part of a continuing series on great thinkers and explorers; pastexhibits have been dedicated to Einstein, Da Vinci, and Shackleton. The exhibitwill run until 29 May 2006. For more information, visit http://www.amnh.org/or http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/ darwin/?src=h_h.

Darwin Digital Library of EvolutionThe American Museum of Natural History Research Library announces thelaunch of the Darwin Digital Library of Evolution at http://darwinlibrary.amnh.org. The goal is to make the full literature of evolution available onlinewithin a historically and topically coherent structure. The work of Darwin is thepivot, but the framework includes the 17th century to the present and encompass-es the history of evolution as a scientific theory with deep roots and broad cultur-al consequences.

Call for Proposals – History of the Canadian Space AgencyThe CSA is undertaking a project to write the history of the space agency. The callfor tenders for the project has now appeared on the MERX Public Tenders Website. To see details, go to http://www.merx.com/Services/AboutMERX/English/MK_SiteMap.asp. In the “Free Search” box, enter the tender # 115807.More information may be obtained by calling 1.800.964.6379.

Two New Exhibits at the National Library of Medicine“Visible Proofs: Forensic Views of the Body” opens at the National Library ofMedicine on 16 February 2006. HMD historian Michael Sappol curates the exhi-bition, which continues until February 2008. Also open is the mini-exhibit “TheHorse, A Mirror of Man: Parallels in Early Human and Horse Medicine,” in theHistory of Medicine Division’s foyer. Curated by Michael North, the mini-exhibitcontinues until 28 April 2006.


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In Memoriam: Kiran Van Rijn An athlete and scholar, Kiran died suddenly of cardiac arrhythmia while train-ing for the sport he loved most – rowing – on Burnaby Lake, B.C., on September21, 2005, at the age of 29.

A doctoral candidate at the Institute for the History and Philosophy ofScience and Technology, University of Toronto, Kiran was the only son of Caroland Dr. Theo van Rijn of Vancouver. He was a graduate of both the University ofBritish Columbia (B.Sc., 1998) and Victoria University (B.A., 2001). He also heldan M.A. from the University of Toronto as part of his work toward his Ph.D.

A student at the Institute since 2001, Kiran was deeply interested in the his-tory of medicine, and at the time of his death was engaged in thesis research con-cerning the growth and marketing of medical imaging technology, focusing ona cluster of hospitals in British Columbia. His work had attracted interest fromseveral quarters and he had twice received fellowship support from the CanadianInstitutes for Health Research. He had also been an Ontario Graduate Scholar.

Popular and well-liked by both his student colleagues and the faculty, Kiranwas a member of Canada’s national rowing team and was a finalist in the sen-ior men’s singles sculls at the Canadian Henley Regatta in Port Dalhousie, Ont.this past summer.

Future HSSMeetings

Vancouver, BC(Joint Meeting with PSA & 4S, 2-5

Nov. 2006)

Washington, DC(1-4 Nov. 2007)

Pittsburgh, PA(Joint Meeting with PSA, 6-9 Nov.

2008)


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Bakken Library The Bakken Library and Museum offers Visiting Research Fellowships andResearch Travel Grants for research in its collection relating to the history of elec-tricity and magnetism with a focus on their roles in the life sciences and medicine.For further information: Elizabeth Ihrig, Librarian, The Bakken Library andMuseum, 3537 Zenith Avenue So., Minneapolis, MN., 55416, tel (612) 926-3878 ext.227, fax (612) 927-7265, e-mail [email protected]. Web site: http://www.the-bakken.org; click on “Library” or “Research.”

The Victor and Joy Wouk Grant-in-Aid ProgramCalifornia Institute of Technology Grants-in-Aid offers research assistanceof up to $2000 for work in the Papers of Victor Wouk in the Caltech Archives. TheMaurice A. Biot Archives Fund and other designated funds offer research assistanceup to $1500 to use the collections of the Caltech Archives. Applications will beaccepted from students – working towards a graduate degree – or from establishedscholars. Please consult the Archives’ Web page: http://archives.-caltech.edu.Applications are reviewed quarterly: on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 ofeach year.

The University of Oklahoma Travel Fellowship ProgramThe Andrew W. Mellon Travel Fellowship Program helps visitors to make use of theUniversity’s History of Science Collections. Proposals from scholars at both predoc-toral and postdoctoral levels will be evaluated continuously upon receipt, and fundsawarded shortly after the decision is made. For information, please contact:University of Oklahoma, The Andrew W. Mellon Travel Fellowship Program, BizzellLibrary, 401 West Brooks, Room 521, Norman, OK 73019-0528, e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]. Web site: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/histsci/mel-lon.asp. (Please see ad on page 2.)

Grants in Aid for History of Modern PhysicsThe Center for History of Physics of the American Institute ofPhysics has a program of grants-in-aid for research in the history of modernphysics and allied sciences and their social interactions. Grants can be up to$2,000 each and will be given only to reimburse expenses for travel and subsis-tence to use the resources of the Center’s Niels Bohr Library in College Park,Maryland, or expenses including travel and subsistence to tape-record oral histo-ry interviews or microfilm archival materials, with a copy for deposit in theLibrary. Applicants should either be working toward a graduate degree in thehistory of science (please include a letter of reference from a thesis adviser), orshow a record of publication in the field. To apply, send a vitae, a letter of nomore than two pages describing your research project, and a brief budget show-ing the expenses for which support is requested to: Spencer Weart, Center forHistory of Physics, American Institute of Physics, One Physics Ellipse, CollegePark, MD 20740. E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: (301) 209-3174. Fax: (301)209-0882. The deadlines for receipt of applications are 15 April and 15November of each year. http://www.aip.org/history/.

Grants, Fellowships, and PrizesThe following announcements have been edited for space. For full descriptions and for thelatest announcements, please visit our Web site (http://hssonline.org). The Society does notassume responsibility for the accuracy of any item, and potential applicants should verifyall details, especially closing dates, with the organization or foundation of interest. Thosewho wish to publish a grant, fellowship, or prize announcement should send an electron-ic version of the posting to [email protected].


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INA Grant-in-Aid Program The International Neuropsychopharmacology Archives (INA) announcesthe availability of grants of up to $1,500 to support research at the INA at theVanderbilt University Medical Center Archives, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. Applicationsmust include a hard copy of: a one-page description of the project, with specific refer-ence to the archival collections to be consulted; detailed budget; applicant’s c.v.; oneletter of recommendation from a scholar familiar with the applicant’s work. Grantswill be given four times a year. Deadlines are:1 March, 1 June, 1 September, 1December. Completed applications should be sent by the deadline to: INA Grant-in-AidProgram, c/o CINP Central. Office, 1608 17th Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37212, U.S.

The Marc-Auguste Pictet Prize Student Essay Prize in the History of Medicine and Public Health

The New York Academy of Medicine invites entries for the second annual NewYork Academy of Medicine Student Essay Prize for the best unpublished essay by agraduate student in a medical, public health, or nursing program in the U.S. Thewinner will receive $500, and the winning essay will be reviewed for possible publica-tion in the Journal of Urban Health. Essays should be approximately 2,000 to 3,000words long, and should follow the guidelines in the journal’s instructions for authorsat http://www3.oup.co.uk/jurban/instauth. The postmark deadline is 4 April 2006. Formore information, please visit http://www.nyam.org/grants/studentessay.shtml.

Jerry Stannard Memorial Award Competition for 2006The Department of History at the University of Kansas announces the2006 competition for the annual award in honor of the late Professor Jerry Stannard.Each year a cash award will be made to the author of an outstanding published orunpublished scholarly study. In 2006 the award will be $1,000. The competition isopen to graduate students and to recent recipients of a doctoral degree (the Ph.D.degree or an equivalent), conferred not more than five years before the competitiondeadline. Entries must be received no later than 15 February 2006. The award will beannounced on or about 15 May 2006. All correspondence should be addressed to: TheStannard Award Committee, Att: Professor Victor Bailey, Department of History -University of Kansas, Wescoe Hall, 1445 Jayhawk Blvd. Room 3001, Lawrence, KS66045-7590, U.S.A.

Wellcome Trust’s Annual Master’s Award and Doctoral Studentship Competitions

The Department of History and Philosophy of Science at theUniversity of Cambridge (U.K.) invites applicants in any areas of historyof medicine who would like to be nominated for the Wellcome Trust’s annualmaster’s award and doctoral studentship competitions. The Department alsoinvites applications for two doctoral studentships funded by a Wellcome en-hancement award in history of medicine. Deadline: 15 February 2006. Forinformation: http://www.hps. cam.ac.uk. For details of the studentships,http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/studying/funding.html.

Wellcome Trust M.Sc. and Ph.D. StudentshipsThe Centre for History in Public Health at the London School ofHygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) invites applications for nomina-tion for the annual Master’s award in the History of Medicine. The award is open toa student accepted for the M.Sc. in Public Health who agrees to follow an ‘historicalpathway’ through the M.Sc. Deadline: 31 March 2006. For further information:http//www.lshtm.ac.uk/history. Details at http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/prospectus/howto.Informal enquiries to Professor Berridge at [email protected].

Krumbhaar Award in Medical HistoryThe Award, offered by The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, theFrancis C. Wood Institute for the History of Medicine, and theSection on Medical History, is a medical history essay contest for Philadelphia

area medical students. Essays must be based on new original research in primarysources and are due 3 April 2006. First prize is $300. More than one prize will beawarded at judges’ discretion. For further information contact: Sofie Sereda,Assistant to the Director, Division of Museum and Historical Services, The College ofPhysicians of Philadelphia, 19 South 22nd Street, Philadelphia PA 19103. E-mail:[email protected].

American Meteorological Society Graduate Fellowships The American Meteorological Society is offering an array of graduate fel-lowships and undergraduate scholarships to help further the education of outstand-ing students pursuing a career in the atmospheric and related oceanic or hydrologicsciences. For more information, please visit: http://www.ametsoc.org/amsstudentin-fo/scholfeldocs/index.html#4.

Student Essay Prize in the History of Medicine and Public HealthThe New York Academy of Medicine invites entries for the second annualNew York Academy of Medicine Student Essay Prize, awarded to the best unpublishedessay by a graduate student in a medical, public health, or nursing program in theUnited States. Essays should address topics in the history of public health or medi-cine as they relate to urban health issues. The winner will receive $500, and thewinning essay will receive expedited review for possible publication in the Journal ofUrban Health. The contest is open to students in accredited professional degree pro-grams in medicine, nursing and public health. Essays should be approximately2,000 to 3,000 words long, and should follow the guidelines in the Journal’sinstructions for authors at http://www3.oup.co.uk/jurban/instauth. The postmarkdeadline is 4 April 2006. For more information, please call 1.212.822.7314, write [email protected], or visit http://www.nyam.org/grants/studentessay.shtml.

Student Prize for an Essay in the History of Australian ScienceThe National Museum of Australia, the Australian Academy ofScience and its National Committee for History and Philosophy ofScience have established two essay prizes, to be known respectively as The NationalMuseum of Australia Student Prize for the History of Australian Science and TheNational Museum of Australia Student Prize for Australian Environmental History.Each prize will be a certificate and $2,500. The prizes will be awarded for originalunpublished research undertaken whilst enrolled as a student (postgraduate orundergraduate) at any tertiary educational institution. Essays must be written inEnglish and fully documented following the style specified for the AustralianAcademy of Science’s journal, Historical Records of Australian Science. The prizeswill be awarded in alternate years in May. Deadline for the initial prize, a history ofscience prize, is 30 April 2006. Entries should be sent to: Librarian, AustralianAcademy of Science, GPO Box 783, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, to be received bythe closing date. Inquiries should be sent to: [email protected].

Lawrence Memorial Award The Award Committee of the Lawrence Memorial Fund invites nomi-nations for the 2006 Lawrence Memorial Award. The annual Award ($2,000) isgiven to support travel for doctoral dissertation research in systematic botany orhorticulture, or the history of the plant sciences, including literature and explo-ration. Major professors are urged to nominate outstanding doctoral studentswho have achieved official candidacy for their degrees and will be conductingpertinent dissertation research that would benefit significantly from travelenabled by the Award. The Committee will not entertain direct applications.Letters of nomination and supporting materials, including seconding letters,should be received by the Committee no later than 1 May 2006 and should bedirected to: Dr. R. W. Kiger, Hunt Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890 USA. Tel. 1.412. 268.2434.


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Awards, Honors, andAppointments

Jobs The following announcements have been edited for space. For full descrip-tions and for the latest announcements, please visit http://hsson-line.org. The Society does not assume responsibility for the accuracy of any item,and interested persons should verify all details. Those who wish to publish a jobannouncement should send an electronic version of the posting [email protected].

The faculty of humanities at the California Institute ofTechnology, in collaboration with the Huntington Library, invitesapplications for the annual Eleanor Searle Visiting Professor at Caltech in thefield of history of science. The position is for a full academic year (September2006 – June 2007). This is a half-time teaching position (two one quartercourses) at Caltech and a half-time research position at the HuntingtonLibrary. All applicants must currently hold a Ph.D. and a full-time tenuretrack appointment at another university. In your application include detailsof the research you wish to carry out at the Huntington Library, c.v., a recentsample of writing, copies of teaching evaluations, and a list of references.Review will begin 15 February 2006. Applications will be accepted until theposition is filled. Caltech is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative ActionEmployer. Women, minorities, veterans, and disabled persons are encouragedto apply. Contact: Sanja Ilic, administrative assistant for the Eleanor SearleVisiting Professorship, Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, MC101-40, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125. E-mail:[email protected].

The Department of History at Carleton University invites applica-tions for a tenure-track position in Medieval History at the Assistant Professorlevel commencing 1 July 2006. The university seeks an historian of MedievalBritain or Europe able to offer instruction and supervision aimed at expandinggraduate offerings in the Medieval and Early Modern eras. Applications,together with a c.v., graduate transcripts, teaching evaluations, and evidence ofpublished work should be sent as paper copies (not electronic attachments) to:Prof. A.B. McKillop, Chair, Department of History, Carleton University, 1125Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6. Candidates should arrangeto have three referees familiar with their work send supporting letters to theabove address. The deadline for receipt of all materials is 1 February 2006. Formore information, visit the university’s Web site at http://www.carleton.ca. Also,visit the Department of History’s site at http://www.carleton.ca/history.

The Department of History at the University of Southamptonwould like to hear from potential applicants for a Wellcome Trust UniversityAward in the History of Medicine. We are looking for an energetic and com-mitted scholar who will complement and expand the department’s currentinterests in the history of medicine, and who will contribute to its undergrad-uate and postgraduate courses and research degrees. Expressions of interestare invited for any period or area, but a focus on the middle ages, the earlymodern periods, the U.S.A, or on Jewish history and culture would be particu-larly welcome. Informal enquiries may be made to the Head of Department,Professor Anne Curry ([email protected]) or Dr. Waltraud Ernst([email protected]).

Susan Jones joined the Program in History of Science and Technology at theUniversity of Minnesota in fall 2005 as an Associate Professor.

The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) is pleased to announce the appointmentof Dr. Clayton D. Laurie to the position of NRO Historian and as Chief NROHistory Staff within the Center for the Study of National Reconnaissance (CSNR). Dr.Laurie brings 19 years of federal history experience to his new position, having previ-ously served at the U.S. Army Center of Military History with the CIA History Staff, andas Deputy NRO Historian.

Tom Misa has been appointed Director of the Charles Babbage Institute, effective 1July 2006. He will also serve as Engineering Research Associates Land-Grant Professorin History of Technology in the Program in History of Science and Technology at theUniversity of Minnesota.

Ricarda Riina, a student of Professor Paul E. Berry at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, is the recipient of the 2005 Lawrence Memorial Award. For her dissertationresearch, Ms. Riina has undertaken a study of Croton (Euphorbiaceae). The proceedsof the Award will help support her travel to Brazil for field research.

Ruth Rogaski has won a Guggenheim Fellowship for her research on the role ofthe biological sciences in the formation of Asian empires. The Fellowship will enableRogaski to complete her current book project, Cold Utopia: Nature, Science andEmpire in Manchuria, 1700-2000. This project explores how Asians studied theflora and fauna of a contested northern frontier of China – Manchuria – in order toilluminate the role that nature, science, and the imagination played in the formationof non-Western regimes.

Londa Schiebinger, Professor of History of Science and Barbara D. FinbergDirector, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, Stanford University, won the2005 Prize in Atlantic History from the American Historical Society for her book,Plants and Empire: Colonial Bioprospecting in the Atlantic World (Cambridge,Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004).

The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine is pleased to announce thatDr. Sonu Shamdasani has been appointed to a Readership in Jung History, whichhe will take up early in 2006. Sonu has edited several volumes, and is the author ofCult Fictions: C. G. Jung and the Founding of Analytical Psychology.

Emily Thompson, of the University of California, San Diego, was named aMacArthur Fellow for 2005. MacArthur Fellows are given $500,000 in “no stringsattached” support over the next five years. Fellows are selected for their creativity,originality, and potential.

Reminder: The Isis Bibliography from 1975 to the present is availableonline with the Research Libraries Group (RLG). Members of the Society mayaccess the RLG Web site and the History of Science and Technology Database(HST) through the HSS homepage at http://hssonline.org. RLG has assignedus “Y6.G19” as a “User Name” and “HSSDEMO” as a “Password.”


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The month after 9/11, Jamil Ragep found himself on the national stage. Themedieval historian, more used to old libraries and ancient manuscripts, was

thrust onto the pages of The New York Times and into National Public Radio’sairwaves, not to mention the many speaking invitations from Kiwanians andRotarians. Islamic scholars, used to small niches and great obscurity, foundthemselves the object of interest. “Before September 11, hardly anyone ever want-ed our opinion on anything,” says Ragep. “All of a sudden we were put into thespotlight and asked all kinds of things, some of which we knew about and someof which we didn’t.”

Over a two-year span, Ragep, who is a professor of the history of science atthe University of Oklahoma, gave dozens of talks to groups who wanted to knowall about Islam. Over and over, he was asked, ‘How can Muslims today be doingthis sort of thing?’ ‘Why does science today seem at such a low ebb in Islamiccountries, when in medieval times their scientific reputation was glorious?’ Thisincompatibility between past and present struck many of the people Ragep spoketo. While questions of modernity, the creation of the scientific tradition in Islamand its transmission and transformation, had previously bubbled through thecommunity of Islamic scholars, few people outside that world showed interest.“In the last few years it has become a burning issue. What my audiences had halflearned in college and high school didn’t jibe with the popular image of Islamthat seemed so unidimensional – a civilization that never really got out of thedark ages.”

He learned to speak to a general audience, to give a little complexity when his lis-teners thought the situation simple, to give a little coherence if they were overcomewith incomprehension. His audiences, he says, were in the main relieved by his words.“The idea that there is a multiplicity of voices that can’t be reduced to simple answers,that really resonates. It’s a funny dichotomy. On the one hand we as human beingslike to reduce things; it allows us control, and if we can reduce other cultures thenwe feel in control. As historians we are all guilty of this at one time or another.On the other hand, we also rejoice in complexity and multiplicity.”

Ragep, who is president of the Commission of History of Scienceand Technology in Islamic Societies, says “That is the message – thereare different Islamic societies.” Spain in the 12th century was not thesame as Egypt in the 10th century, nor was 15th-century Iran the sameas 16th-century Iran. The circumstances that create an Islamic societyin the 21st century are very different from that which created a certainsociety in the 13th century. “We wouldn’t use Jerry Falwell to analyzeThomas Aquinas. Yet there is a book out that tries to ana-lyze medieval Islam through Khomeini.”

These days public demand for Ragep’s knowl-edge has waned. “I think one of the nice thingspeople have figured out is that a medievalistmight not be the best person to sort out ourpresent-day problems.”

Even in the history of science, Islamic sci-ence has endured a low profile. Ragep’s

position at the University of Oklahoma is theonly history-of-science position in the U.S. forIslamic science within a history-of-science

department. It is important to know such history, says Ragep, not only forEuropean early modern science but also to understand the scientific tradition inits own right, one that will give people a more expansive view of science. It is anuncharted world, one where less than five percent of original documents havebeen read, where fractured infrastructure slows research, and where, says Ragep,historians of Islamic science have not done a good job in conveying their worldto a broader audience.

Ragep is taking Islamic science to the American Association for theAdvancement of Science meeting in February. For his 2006 George SartonMemorial Lecture, Ragep carries the concept of big science back to the MiddleAges. He wants to surprise the scientists with his talk “What Can the History ofIslamic Science Teach Us About Science,” where big science begins with thegrandchildren of Genghis Khan. After the Mongol conquest of Baghdad, the vic-tors began a massive building program of an enormous observatory in Iran.“The idea of gathering lots of people to do observations and scientific work underthe Mongols – maybe we should expand our notions of science and how it cameabout.” Ragep would also like to broaden the idea of an experiment by takinginto account Alhazen’s work in optics.

The story of scientific transmission, reception, and appropriation is onethat fascinates Ragep. The mixed origins of trigonometry is a perfect example.An Islamic invention whose origins date to the Babylonians, followed by thederivation of the chord by the Greeks, then taken up by the Indians who cameup with the half-chord function, the jaya (transformed into Arabic as jayb,which can also mean pocket or opening). Then comes the trip to the Latin-based world (where jayb was translated as sinus), which gave us sine. There isa wonderful intersection of culture, religion, and scientific traditions here, saysRagep. Only spherical triangles could deal with the directional problems of the

shortest distance on a sphere, a vital problem in finding Mecca’s direction,and the tangent function comes into play for the afternoon prayer,

which should occur when a person’s shadow is the same length asthemselves. “We get our sine, cosine, and tangent from this mix ofGreek and Indian sources, and Islamic religion. It gives us abroader sense of what we take for granted. It enriches us to knowthese things.”

Originally, though, Ragep was far more interested in modernscience. An undergraduate degree at the University of Michigan gave

him some exposure to history of science. But his historial read-ing developed a sense of kinship with the past that

could not be shaken. “When I heard aboutClaudius Ptolemy in Alexandria, he seemedlike someone I could have a conversationwith. There is a part of being rational thatallows us to speak across centuries, despitewho we were or where we lived.” He wasdrawn to China’s history but defeated by lan-guage difficulties. Arabic would be easier.Ragep went to Harvard to study with A. I.Sabra and found he couldn’t get throughthe first sentence of the first text that Sabraput before him. Time, good teaching, and

WWorkspace: orkspace: Facets of Islamic ScienceJamil Ragep to Deliver the George Sarton Memorial Lecture to the AAAS

By Michal Meyer


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two years spent in Syria and Egypt in the Seventies working with manuscripts firsthand helped. “In those days it was like going to a medieval school. There wereorange trees, a reading room, manuscripts that would be brought to me. It was alove affair. There is something about being with a manuscript that is almost likea transcendent experience. When I go into a manuscript library I have thisincredible sense of wellbeing and contentment – a sense of being as close as Ican ever get to these people.”

The duties of the modern world do drag Ragep back to the present. Untilrecently, his co-directorship of the Center for Peace Studies (CPS) made him

responsible for mediating among groups of Iraqis, Syrians and Turks and theirarguments over the quality and ownership of water flowing through their coun-tries. “I had to be a good listener and try to figure out why people are saying whatthey’re saying.” Historical training helped, he says, as did keeping the conversa-tion going through the frustrations and failures.

Water woes and Turkish environmentalists offered a lesson in change, saysRagep. In the Eighties, Turkish environmental groups formed in response tolarge-scale dam building and the dislocation of towns and villages. The humanequation, everything from raising the standard of living to the role of women,slowly began to change in the least developed part of Turkey as these groups grad-ually became strong enough to take on government. “You multiply this throughTurkish society and you realize change happens through little steps put in place ageneration ago, rather than simply through the European Union pressuringTurkey. It taught me small steps are important and sometimes they are invisible.It’s a good lesson for us historians that to understand dramatic change we haveto understand what came before.”

Though he has now swapped water worries for the position of acting chair ofhis department, his experiences with CPS are proving valuable in his currentwork with Rivka Feldhay and Lorraine Daston on the 15th-century background tothe Copernican Revolution and the religious and social changes that madeCopernicus possible. Other projects include the Islamic Science ManuscriptInitiative, which involves putting all available information on the Islamic exactsciences into a database with the collaboration of his partner, Sally P. Ragep.Jamil Ragep has also been working with Tzvi Langermann and, before his death,David Pingree on editing the Greek, Arabic, and Hebrew text of The PlanetaryHypotheses of Claudius Ptolemy.

In November 2001 Ragep was interviewed on NPR’s Talk of the Nation for“The Role of Religion in the Current Conflict.” In October of that year The NewYork Times’ Dennis Overbye interviewed him as part of a long article, “HowIslam Won, and Lost, the Lead in Science.” The question was always ‘What hap-pened to Islamic science.’ Overbye ended his article with a unifying and universalvision of science, and a quotation denying the existence of such a thing asIslamic science. Ragep has a different message for an audience interested in abroader view of science. While there is no essence of Islamic science and civiliza-tion, there are varieties. That message, says Ragep, came in a talk given by A. I.Sabra at the HSS meeting in Minneapolis 10 years ago. “We don’t have thatmany examples of science to think about, and this is a thousand-year-old tradi-tion. As historians of science we should know something about as many of thesetraditions as possible, because our goal should be to understand science in itsmany varieties.”

Special NSF Employment OpportunityProgram Director for Science

and Society Program

The National Science Foundation invites applications for a two-year tempo-rary appointment to the position of Program Director, to begin by July 2006.This is a research administration position.

The Program Director represents the program to colleagues in NSF andother Federal science agencies and to the Administration. The director wouldbe in charge of two of the four components of the Science and SocietyProgram: History and Philosophy of Science, Engineering and Technology,and Social Studies of Science, Engineering and Technology. Those compo-nents support research and educational projects pertaining to the historical,philosophical and social dimensions of science, technology and engineering.

The Program Director provides intellectual leadership and is responsiblefor all aspects of program administration and development. He or she man-ages the proposal review process and active NSF grants, maintains regularcontact with the relevant research communities, and provides advice and con-sultation about the fields. The program budget is about $3.0 million.

Applicants must have a Ph.D. in a relevant discipline, and be active in arelevant research area. They should show evidence of initiative, administra-tive skill, and ability to work well with others. While the Foundation is inter-ested in individuals with research interests in history, philosophy, and socialstudies of science, program areas, such interest is not essential. Six or moreyears of research experience beyond the Ph.D. is desirable. Salary is nego-tiable, and is comparable with academic salaries at major US institutions.

The National Science Foundation is located in Arlington, Virginia, imme-diately across the Potomac River from Washington, DC. The metropolitanWashington area, besides being the seat of the U.S. Government, is noted as acultural center and as a growing center of high-tech industry. A wide varietyof types of housing is available within close proximity to the NSF offices.

Please direct inquiries and expressions of interest to Dr. RichardLempert, Director of the Division of Social and Economic Sciences(SES), phone: (703) 292-7391: [email protected]; Dr. RonaldRainger, phone: (703) 292-7283; email: [email protected]; or Dr.John Perhonis, at (703) 292-7279: [email protected]. They arelocated in Suite 995, National Science Foundation, 4201 WilsonBlvd., Arlington, VA 22230. The fax number is: (703) 292-9068.

Qualified persons who are women, ethnic/racial minorities, andpersons with disabilities are strongly encouraged to apply. TheNational Science Foundation is an Equal Opportunity Employercommitted to employing highly qualified staff that reflects thediversity of our nation.


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During the recent HSS meeting in Minneapolis, Minnesota A. I. Sabra took thetime to hear some of the papers. The quality of the younger speakers impressed

him, but what, he wondered, will become of such people taking their first steps intoan uncertain academic future. “There is no shortage of intelligence and enthusi-asm,” he said, “but the question is what do we do so that they don’t go astray? I’vecome to the conclusion that luck is often what allows people to get what they like;personally I was very lucky.”

Sabra was in Minneapolis to receive the Sarton Medal. The award, establishedfifty years ago, recognizes superior scholarship in the history of science. The confer-ence also provided a time to see colleagues and friends, and in the hallways Sabrawas often surrounded by people. He easily remembers the debts to others – histeachers in Alexandria and Ernst Gombrich at the Warburg Institute. Othersremember his kindness to them, such as the professor who spent his graduate yearsat Harvard and was once taken out to lunch by Sabra, who kindly inquired into thestudies and interests of a student not even his own.

Sabra’s acceptance speech at the awards presentation was peppered with rec-ognition of those – both known and unknown – who directed and helped himthrough his student years and after. His career has spanned two continents and anisland – Africa, England, and North America. In 1996 he retired as Professor of theHistory of Arabic Science at Harvard University’s History of Science Department, inorder to focus more on his research work.

Sabra’s career, beginning in the fifties, intersects with many of the greatnames of history of science. In 1952, while studying for a Ph.D. on 17th-centuryoptics, Sabra met Alexandre Koyré in London and they spoke about Newton andthe Scientific Revolution. Since then, Sabra has spent much of his working careerproving Koyré wrong in his prediction that the student fascinated by the ScientificRevolution would “always remain in the 17th century.” It was the Middle Ages andIslamic Science that soon grabbed the young scholar’s attention. Of course, hesays, chance played a major part.

Nineteen fifty-two was a significant year; it was the year Gamal Abdel Nasser cameto power in Egypt. Egypt was changing, and the old dispensation under which

Sabra had studied was fading away. In the forties, as an undergraduate at theUniversity of Alexandria, Sabra heard lectures in Arabic, English, and French, andwrote his papers in all three languages. Professors from Egypt and Europe taught atthe university and, like many other early historians of science, Sabra studied philoso-phy. After graduation in 1947, the Egyptian Government offered him a scholarship tostudy under Karl Popper at the London School of Economics. He was lucky, he says.

Philosophy quickly changed to philosophy of science after Sabra heard Popperlecture on Einstein. A greater change came when Sabra met his future wife, Nancy, aFulbright scholar from the U.S. who also studied with Popper. In 1955, PhD inhand, Sabra returned to Alexandria to teach. Having left the research facilities of theBritish Library behind, he cast about for an area of study that would fit his currentcircumstances. As luck would have it again, a retired professor of physics at CairoUniversity, Mustafa Nazif, had developed a deep interest in history of science andpublished a two-volume book on Alhazen’s optical works in Arabic. Sabra foundhimself drawn back into history and the movement of scientific knowledge acrosscultures, especially the flow from Hellenistic cultures into the Islamic world.

In 1961, the resources of the British Museum beckoned and Sabra returned toEngland, with plans to stay for just a year, followed perhaps by another year inAmerica. But then fate in the shape of a friend intervened by suggesting to Sabra

that he apply for an advertised three-year fellowship at the Warburg Institute. Heapplied after a meeting with the institute’s director, Ernst Gombrich, and was suc-cessful. There was only one fellowship, says Sabra, and if he had been in London ayear earlier or later the fellowship would not have been available, and his futurewould have been different.

It had been difficult to leave Egypt in 1961, says Sabra, and as time went on areturn looked less and less inviting. After two years at the Warburg, Sabra was offereda one-year visiting associate professorship at Princeton. When he asked for leave,Gombrich told him he would have to give up the fellowship, but the Warburg waswilling to offer him a permanent position. After the Princeton year, Sabra quickly set-tled back into the Warburg. It was a love affair, says Sabra of his relationship with theInstitute, which allowed him much time for research. There he learned new perspec-tives from conducting a constant seminar regularly attended by some of theInstitute’s senior faculty, such as Frances Yates and P.D. Walker, as well as others fromoutside, such as Richard Walzer. “I have never forgotten that ten-year experience,”says Sabra, “and the longer I live the more I feel connected to it. The Warburg is aunique place, and when I say I have been lucky I mean it literally.” It was at theWarburg, where Sabra ended up as Reader in the History of the Classical Tradition inScience and Philosophy, that he finally learned to do history. The shift from philoso-phy to philosophy of science and then to history of science made sense, says Sabra.“One gave way to the other because it added something; it did not delete.”

One thing the Warburg could not give Sabra was graduate students. In 1972Harvard University, interested in a man who combined the skills of an Arabist, aphilosopher and a historian with strong interests in Islamic science, offered Sabra apermanent position, and gifted graduate students.

Sabra’s philosophical background gives him a commitment to scientific reasoningand to rationalism. His main field is optics, an interest that has continued since

his first published paper in 1954, written on Newton for the British Journal for thePhilosophy of Science. He is passionately interested in the transmission of knowledge,though ‘transmission’ is too neutral a word for Sabra. ‘Appropriation’ is far better, aword that allows the movement of scientific knowledge and the taking of that knowl-edge by other peoples for their own intellectual ambitions. “This is what the MuslimArabs and Persians did when they took over Greek science and philosophy, and whatthe Europeans did later, a creative process of making their own something originally

An Appropriate LifeA. I. Sabra Wins Society’s Highest HonorBy Michal Meyer


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not theirs.” Greek doesn’t automatically turn itself into Arabicnor Arabic into Latin, says Sabra. The process requires resourcesand work and deep reasons. Pockets of Greek learning within theMuslim empire, including scattered Christian monastic schoolsand pagan Sabians with interest in Hellenistic astronomy, astrol-ogy, and mathematics, provided a rich source on which scholarssupported by the Abbasid rulers in Baghdad could base their firstmassive translations in the eighth and ninth centuries. “Greekthought was invited into Islamic civilization as a welcomefriend, not an imposed burden,” says Sabra. “The acquiredGreek legacy not only lingered but quickly permeated all formsof Islamic intellectualism.” That avidly imported learning, saysSabra, was appropriated by individuals acting at the intersectionof three cultural influences: Arabism, Hellenism, and Islam.

Sabra entertains a tempered optimism about the increasingsophistication of the field. There is more and more attention toArabic/Islamic science, and the subject is growing; in Europe(Germany, England and Spain) there are now three journalscompletely devoted to the subject, and others in the Islamicworld (Syria and Iran), but nowhere enough, he says. Teachersmust be trained and students exposed to the field and to Arabic.There is a lot to be done; “sometimes I feel we haven’t yetbegun,” says Sabra. Many of those who work on Islamic science,are absorbed in the seemingly “mechanical” task of editing andtranslating. Getting texts out in scientific editions and exacttranslations is difficult and time consuming, he says, but it isthe basis for everything else. “Without it we don’t really knowwhat we are doing.” Sabra has been heavily involved in thatproject, including a critical edition and English translation ofAlhazen’s large Optics. However, he does warn repeatedly againstneglecting historical research and interpretation, and has pub-lished attempts in this direction himself. Editing and interpret-ing, he says, must go hand in hand.

Though returning to Egypt only infrequently over theyears, in 2004 Sabra was in Alexandria to participant in a con-ference at the new Library of Alexandria. He was impressed bythe many activities of the library and its institutional independ-ence, but there can be no meaningful comparison between theburgeoning institution and his current home: “I have a studyand a place in Harvard’s Widener Library, which is the bestresearch library in the world.” But Sabra’s heart and many ofhis memories remain at the Warburg. When the invitationfrom Harvard arrived, one of his Warburg friends told him thatif the chance came to do what he wanted in America, he shouldnot hesitate. Sabra has of course made close friends in the U.S.,some of whom he knew before leaving England, but he neverlost touch with that earlier generation of the Warburg. Theymight perhaps be considered “old fashioned” in the minds ofsome younger people today. “But I like being old fashioned,”he says.


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Ijust sent payment to the Hyatt Regencyin Minneapolis for our annual meeting.

When I mentioned to the grad studentsthat the coffee bill alone was almost$6,000, they were aghast and encouragedme to share this and other tidbits with themembership.

Conference hotels do a fabulous job ofhandling our meetings, but there is a pricefor that service. Food is expensive. A gallonof coffee (3,785 ml) costs $46 ($2.88 per 8ounce cup, 34% less coffee than the small-est size at Starbucks) and when you add

the service charge and sales tax, a $2.88 cup of coffee actually costs $3.77.Such prices are typical at conference hotels, so I try to be careful with theseexpenses, recognizing that not everyone who registers for the meeting drinkscoffee. But the urge to order more coffee can be overwhelming when there is along line of caffeine-deprived delegates holding empty cups in front of emptyurns. But replenishing the coffee urns meant that our five coffee breaks inMinneapolis came to $5,873 US (4,913 EUR).

As you would expect, alcohol is even more expensive than coffee, one rea-son why we decided to go with a cash bar for the two receptions at the 2005meeting. This seems a fair way to keep registration costs down, but there is aneven more important reason: litigation. Meeting experts tell us that hosting anopen bar at our conference is begging for trouble.

Of course, the biggest expense associated with the annual meeting islabor costs. At least 25% of the Executive Office’s efforts are devoted to theannual meeting. That means that for the meeting to break even, we need toclear $31,000 after covering all other expenses. That means, $31,000 afterpaying the $29,000 hotel bill, the $4,000 bill for printing the program, the$3,000 fee for processing credit cards, as well as charges for transportation,xeroxing, meeting packets, program planning, and myriad supplies. Whenyou add all of these expenses together you get over $80,000; if we relied solelyon registration fees, everyone (including graduate students) would have topay over $120 to cover costs (based on an attendance of 600, which was closeto the Minneapolis numbers). So how were we able to offer regular membersand graduate student members early meeting registration rates of $85 and$45 respectively?

Well, we employ several strategies. Income from the book exhibit and pro-gram ads help. Another tactic is to enlist sponsors for the meeting. This pastyear we drew on the support of The Bakken Library and Museum of Electricityin Life, The University of Chicago Press, The University of Minnesota (Office ofthe Dean, Institute of Technology and Program in History of Science andTechnology), The American Council of Learned Societies, the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology and the Francis Bacon Foundation, the GambrinusCompany, and Summit Brewing Company. Altogether, these sponsors account-ed for over $9,200 in donations, and we are grateful for their support.

Yet another cost-savings strategy is to use professional planners to helpwith the meeting. Many of our fellow societies in the American Council ofLearned Societies, including SHOT, draw on such planners to assist them withtheir conferences. These planners offer advice on site selection, hotel negotia-

tions, child care, airline discounts, and many other functions. Since many ofthese planners have worked in the hospitality industry, they could help us findthe best value for our money. Groups in the ACLS that employ planners reportmeeting in nicer hotels, improved banquet services, and more professionalmeetings. And since planners provide hotels the lion’s share of their businessand many planners have contracts that guarantee they will receive the lowestroom rates, attendees should be able to save on accommodations.

But the principal reason for using a planning company is that they haveclout with hotels. The annual meeting represents HSS’s greatest financial risk,and in these days of terrorism, hotel and transportation strikes, and naturaldisasters, having a large company assist you when you are trying to mitigatelosses makes sense.

I hope that those who attended the 2005 meeting enjoyed themselves.Thank you for coming.

Notes from the Inside: The 2005 Minneapolis Meeting

Jay Malone, Executive Director

Garland E. AllenAdam J. AptPatrick J. BonerMark BorrelloRichard BurkhardtFabien ChareixGary FoutyGraeme J.N. GoodayElizabeth Green MusselmanMott T. GreeneJon M. HarknessPamela M. HensonBruce HevlyMargaret C. JacobJeff JohnsonSusan D. JonesGwen KaySusan Lindee

Bernadette McCauleyLynn K. NyhartBrian W. OgilvieMarilyn B. OgilvieRobert J. RichardsMichael H. ShankNancy G. SlackScott SpearIda H. StamhuisDonald Edward StanleyJames E. StrickLiba TaubJohn TreschNeale WatsonBob WeinstockStephen P. WeldonRobert S. WestmanLambert Williams

The HSS would like to thank the followingdonors for their generous support of gradu-ate students at the 2005 annual meeting.Over $1,000 was raised to provide extra dis-counted rooms for students at the host hotel,as well as refreshments for the graduate-stu-dent lounge. Thank you!


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HSS 2006 Annual Meeting: Call for Papers Vancouver, B.C., Canada

2-5 November 2006(joint meeting with PSA & 4S)

The History of Science Society will hold its 2006 Annual Meeting inVancouver, British Columbia. Proposals for sessions and contributed papers mustbe submitted by 1 April 2006 to the History of Science Society’s ExecutiveOffice, PO Box 117360, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7360; phone:352-392-1677; fax: 352-392-2795; e-mail: [email protected].

Submissions on all topics are requested. All proposals must be submitted onthe HSS Web site (http://www.hssonline.org) or on the annual meeting proposalforms that are available from the HSS Executive Office. We strongly encourageelectronic submissions from the link provided on the HSS Web site. HSS mem-bers are asked to circulate this announcement to colleagues who are not mem-bers of the HSS but who may be interested in presenting a paper at the AnnualMeeting. Particularly encouraged are session proposals that include: a mix ofmen and women; diversity of institutional affiliations; and/or a balance of pro-fessional ranks (e.g. mixing senior scholars with graduate students). Only oneproposal per person may be submitted. For additional information con-cerning the 2006 meeting, contact the HSS Executive Office.

Before sending a proposal to the HSS Office, we ask that everyone readthe Committee on Meetings and Programs’ “Guidelines forSelecting Papers and Sessions” (on the HSS Web site); these will be usedin determining the acceptability of session and paper proposals. The 2006 pro-gram co-chairs are William Newman ([email protected]) and KeithBenson ([email protected]).

The History of Science Society would like tothank the following for their support of the

Sponsor A Scholar programAnonymousLawrence BadashAngelika Boenker-VallouPatrick BonerAlan C. BowenStephen BrushJimena CanalesDavid CassidyPeggy ChamplinLandon ClayH. Floris CohenJonathan Coopersmith Angela CreagerLorraine DastonMichael Aaron DennisFokko DijksterhuisRonald DoelWilliam EamonM. D. Eddy Eliseo A. FernandezElizabeth GarberMarie GlitzJudith & David GoodsteinLoren GrahamMott T. GreeneFrederick GregoryStanley M. Guralnick

Katherine HaramundanisBenjamin L. HarrisJohn HeilbronErwin HiebertGerald HoltonJoel HowellGwen E. KayE. S. KennedyShigehisa KuriyamaShoshi LavinghouseKenneth LudmererJames McClellan, IIIJohn L. MichelSally E. NewcombNaomi OreskesJohn L. ParascandolaStuart S. PeterfreundRobert J. RichardsSilvan S. SchweberRobert SillimanNancy SlackScott SpearKeir SterlingLiba TaubVirginia TrimbleSallie WatkinsFrederick G. Weinstein

The InternationalHistory of Science

Society

As the graph to the right shows,the HSS includes members fromaround the globe. Almost a thirdof our membership is comprisedof scholars residing outside theborders of the United States. Partof our international presence canbe attributed to our Sponsor AScholar program, and we aregrateful for these scholars and forthose members who sponsorthem. If you know of individualsworking outside of the U.S. whowould benefit from HSS member-ship, please ask them to contactJay Malone at the Executive Officeat [email protected].


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The HSS would like to thank the following vol-unteers for their service to the Society. Withouttheir work, their talent, and their dedication,the HSS would simply not exist. Thank you.

President (2004-2005) Vice President (2004-2005)Michael M. Sokal Joan Cadden

Past President (2004-2005)John Servos

Council (2003-2005)Angela N. H. Creager, Lynn K. Nyhart, Michael A. Osborne, Diane Paul, JoleR. Shackelford

Standing CommitteesBrian Dolan, Comm on Education, 2002-2005, Chair, 2004-2005James Secord, Comm on Honors and Prizes, 2002-2005, Chair, 2003-2005Karen Rader, Comm on Meetings and Programs, 2001-2004, Chair, 2003-2004Mike Shank, Comm on Meetings and Programs, 2002-2005Angela N. H. Creager, Comm on Meetings and Programs, 2003-2005 (2004Program CoChair) Adrian Johns, Comm on Meetings and Programs, 2003-2005 (2004 ProgramCoChair) Bruce Hunt, Comm on Meetings and Programs, 2003-2005 (2004 LocalProgram Chair)Spencer Weart, Comm on Publications, 2000-2005, Chair 2004-2005Mary Jo Nye, Comm on Research and the Profession, Chair 2004-2005Nadine Weidman, Comm on Research and the Profession, 2002-2005Constance Malpas, Comm on Research and the Profession, 2002-2005

Prize CommitteesJudith Grabiner, Derek Price/Rod Webster Prize 2002-2005, Chair 04-05James Bono, Nathan Reingold Prize 2002-2005, Chair 04-05 Londa Schiebinger, Margaret W. Rossiter History of Women in Science Prize2002-2005, Chair 04-05Lisbet Koerner, Pfizer Prize, 2002-2004Alan Shapiro, Pfizer Prize, Chair, 2004-2005Nathan Brooks, Watson Davis and Helen Miles Davis Prize, 2002-2005, Chair 04-05 Lisa Rosner, Joseph H. Hazen Education Prize, 2001-2005, Chair 03-05 Liba Taub, Joseph H. Hazen Education Prize, 2002-2004

2005 Nominating CommitteeAnita Guerrini, ChairCathryn CarsonJames FlemingLynn NyhartJames Secord

Pamela Henson, Women's Caucus CoChair 2003-2005Pamela Mack, NASA/AHA Fellowship Committee, 2000-2005Paul Farber, AAAS/Section L Delegate, 2002-2005

2005 Prize Winners2005 Prize WinnersPamela Mack (Hazen Prize)

Lawrence Principe (Pfizer Award)

Janet Browne (Distinguished Lecture)

A. I. Sabra (Sarton Medal)

Alan Kraut (Davis Prize)

William Newman (Pfizer Award)


17

HSS HSS 2005 2005 MeetingMeeting

Request for Prize NominationsRequest for Prize Nominations(Nominations are due 1 April and can be made online at http://hssonline.org – click on Society Awards)Nathan Reingold Prize (formerly known as the Schuman Prize) for the best graduate-student essay (deadline 1 June)Margaret W. Rossiter History of Women in Science Prize for the best article on women in the history of science(Articles published from 2002 to 2005 are eligible)

Suzanne J. Levinson Prize (biennial) for the best book in the history of the life sciences or natural history, published 2002-2005Joseph H. Hazen Education Prize for exceptional educational activities in the history of scienceWatson Davis and Helen Miles Davis Prize for the best book in history of science intended for a broad audience, published 2003-2005Pfizer Award for the best book aimed at a scholarly audience in history of science, published 2003-2005Sarton Medal for exceptional scholarship over a lifetime

New


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Future MeetingsThe following announcements have been edited for space. For full descriptions and the latest announcements, please visit our Web site (http://www.hssonline.org).The Society does not assume responsibility for the accuracy of any item; interested persons should verify all details. Those who wish to publish a future meetingannouncement should send an electronic version of the posting to [email protected].

Calls for Papers

Joint Atlantic Seminar for the History of Biology will be held at Johns HopkinsUniversity on 24-25 March 2006. Abstracts should be 300 words or less and must include atitle and author name and affiliation. E-mail (pdf, rtf, or Word format) should be addressedto all three of the following: Nathaniel Comfort ([email protected]), Sharon Kingsland([email protected]), Daniel Todes ([email protected]). Deadline 1 February 2006.

49th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Junto of the History of ScienceSociety. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 28-30 April 2006. The Junto welcomes shortpapers (20 minutes) on any topic in the history of science, technology, and medicine, orthe philosophy of science and technology. Submit your abstract (300 word max.) elec-tronically by 1 March 2006, to [email protected]; http://www.histsci.wisc.edu/junto.

The Infinite Genealogy: Intercultural Approaches to New Media Art. SimonFraser University Harbour Centre Campus, Vancouver, BC, Canada 17-20 May 2006;http://www.sfu.ca/conferences/infinite_genealogy. Contact Laura Marks, [email protected].

The International Committee for the History of Technology’s 33rdSymposium in Leicester, U.K., 15 - 20 August 2006, welcomes proposals for individualpapers and sessions. Deadline: 1 February 2006. Send proposals by e-mail to JamesWilliams, Program Committee Chair at [email protected]; http://www.icohtec.org.

History of Science Society, 2-5 November 2006. Vancouver, B.C., Canada. (See thecall on p. 15.)

Food Chains: Provisioning, Technology, and Science, 3-4 November 2006. TheCenter for the History of Business, Technology and Society invites paper proposals on theprovisioning systems that supply our world with food. Deadline 31 March 2006. ContactCarol Lockman, Hagley Museum and Library, PO Box 3630, Wilmington DE 19807.Phone: 302.658.2400, ext. 243; Fax: 302.655.3188; e-mail: [email protected].

Upcoming Conferences

First Conference on History of Medicine in Southeast Asia. Siem Reap,Cambodia, 9-10 January 2006; http://www.khmerstudies.org/.

Eighth Annual Meeting: Southern Association for History of Medicineand Science. San Antonio, 24-25 February 2006.

APS: History of Physics and Astronomy, 13-17 March 2006, Baltimore, MD; 25 April2006, Dallas, TX; http://www.aps.org/ meet/MAR06/ and http://www.aps.org/meet/APR06/.

Empire, Borderlands and Border Cultures. California State UniversityStanislaus, 16-18 March 2006.

The European Social Science History Association Conference will be held inAmsterdam, 22-25 March 2006; http://www.iisg.nl/esshc/.

International Symposium on Franco-British Interactions in ScienceSince the 17th Century. Maison Française, Norham Road, Oxford, 24-25March 2006; http://www.eshs.org.

Race, Pharmaceuticals, and Medical Technology. Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, Boston, Massachusetts, 7-8 April 2006.

Call for Participation: ‘Toward a History and Philosophy of Expertise’ TheChemical Heritage Foundation will host a workshop, “Toward a History and Philosophyof Expertise” on 7-8 April 2006, as part of the 2006 Cain Conference.

Mephistos 2006. The 24th international graduate student conference in the history,philosophy, and sociology of science, technology and medicine, University of Chicago 7-9April 2006; http://mephistos.uchicago.edu.

Con/texts of Invention: A Working Conference of the Society for CriticalExchange. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 20-22 April 2006.

Archivists and Librarians in the History of the Health Sciences AnnualMeeting will be held 3 May 2006, Halifax, Nova Scotia; http://www.hssonline.org.

Remaking Boston. The Massachusetts Historical Society conference on the environ-mental history of Boston to be held 4-6 May 2006.

American Association for the History of Medicine Annual Meeting. Halifax.Nova Scotia, Canada, 4-7 May 2006; http://histmed.org.

Historical Perspectives on “Erklären” and “Verstehen.” Max-Planck Institutefor the History of Science, Berlin, 9-11 June 2006.

Sixth Annual HOPOS Congress. The International Society for the History ofPhilosophy of Science will hold its sixth international congress in Paris, France, incooperation with the Société de Philosophie des Sciences (SPS), 14-18 June 2006 atthe École Normale Supérieure, Paris; http://www.sps.ens.fr/activites/hopos2006/indexhopos.html.

The Society for the Social History of Medicine: “Practices and Representationsof Health: Historical Perspectives.” University of Warwick, 28-30 June 2006.

Philosophies of Technology: Bacon and His Contemporaries. Frankfurt amMain, 7-8 July 2006.

International Conference on the History of Alchemy and Chymistry.Philadelphia, 19-22 July 2006. http://www.chemheritage.org/events/alchemy/index.html.

Society for the History of Natural History. 21-24 September, 2006, McGillUniversity, Montreal Canada; http://www.mcgill.ca/redpath.

Second European Society for the History of Science InternationalConference. Cracow, 6-9 September 2006; http://www.eshs.org.

Health and Medicine in History: East-West Exchange. Jawaharlal NehruUniversity, New Delhi, 2-4 November 2006.

Philosophy of Science Association. 2-5 November, 2006, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.Joint meeting with HSS and 4S.


19

Armstrong, Sean. “Superstition and the Idols of theMind: How the Witch-hunt Helped Shape the ScientificRevolution in England.” York University, Canada, 2004,332 pages. NQ99139.

Austin, Stephanie. “The Influence of the FeministMovement in/on the History of Psychology.” YorkUniversity (Canada), 2003, 280 pages. NQ99142.

Bay, Stephen M. “Toward a New Edition of Themistius’Paraphrase of Aristotle’s ‘de Anima.’” University of Illinoisat Urbana-Champaign, 2004, 122 pages. 3160863.

Collins-Cavanaugh, Daniel J. “Bergson’s AristotelianTheory of Duration and the History of Temporality.”Duquesne University, 2005, 214 pages. 3162520.

Dufresne, Todd Raymond. “Beyond ‘Beyond’: Talesfrom the Freudian Crypt.” York University (Canada), 1997,418 pages. NQ99163.

Eaton, William Rolla. “Boyle on Fire: The MechanicalRevolution in Scientific Explanation.” Southern IllinoisUniversity at Carbondale, 2004, 259 pages. 3163058.

Edwards, Michael. “Geometric Theology and theMeaning of Clannesse in the Poems of the PearlManuscript.” University of California, Davis, 2004, 277pages. 3161418.

Hausdoerffer, John. “George Catlin and the Politics ofNature.” Washington State University, 2004, 226 pages.3160474.

Heidarzadeh, Tofigh. “Theories of Comets to the Ageof Laplace.” The University of Oklahoma, 2004, 362 pages.3149289.

Jones, Mark Peter. “Biotech’s Perfect Climate: TheHybritech Story.” University of California, San Diego,2005,899 pages. 3160338.

Katz, Rebecca Lynn. “Yellow Rain Revisited: LessonsLearned for the Investigation of Chemical and BiologicalWeapons Allegations.” Princeton University, 2005, 350pages. 3161897.

Kavey, Allison B. “Worlds of Secrets: Books of Secretsand Popular Natural Philosophy in England, 1550-1600.”The Johns Hopkins University, 2005, 295 pages. 3155628.

Masear, Teresa E. “Measuring Heads and CalibratingMinds: The Dark Legacy of Eugenics in AmericanIntelligence Testing.” University of California, Los Angeles,2004, 168 pages. 3146609.

McCormick, Maureen A. “Of Birds, Guano, and Man:William Vogt’s ‘Road to Survival.’” The University ofOklahoma, 2005, 242 pages. 3159283.

Miles Board, Steffan. “The Concept of HistoricalIndividuality in G. W. F. Hegel’s ‘Science of Logic’ and‘Lectures on the Philosophy of History.’” McMasterUniversity (Canada), 2003, 186 pages. NQ97785.

Miron, Janet. “‘As in Menagerie’: The CustodialInstitution as Spectacle in the Nineteenth Century.” YorkUniversity (Canada), 2004, 270 pages. NQ99211.

Moezzi, Mithra Mah. “Technology in a World ofFolklore.” University of California, Berkeley, 2004, 560pages. 3146955.

Morgan, Gregory J. “The Beauty of SymmetricalDesign: The Alleged Epistemic Role of Aesthetic Value inTheoretical Science.” The Johns Hopkins University, 2005,272 pages. 3157792.

Morris, Norma. “Scientists Responding to SciencePolicy: A Multi-Level Analysis of the Situation of LifeScientists in the UK.” Universiteit Twente, 2004.

Murray, Narisara. “Lives of the Zoo: CharismaticAnimals in the Social Worlds of the Zoological Gardens ofLondon, 1850-1897.” Indiana University, 2004, 338 pages.3162254.

Nieves, Ervin. “Beyond Darwinism: Chicana/oLiterature and Modern Scientific Literary Analysis:Rereading Josefina (Josephina) Niggli and Oscar ZetaAcosta.” The University of Iowa, 2004, 303 pages. 3158008.

Newton, Julianne Lutz. “The Commonweal of Life:Aldo Leopold and Land Health.” University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign, 2004, 485 pages. 3160932.

Roland, Jeffrey Wells. “Toward an Epistemology ofMathematics: Naturalism. Cornell University, 2005, 202pages. 3162500.

Ryan, Vanessa. “The Material Mind: Early Psychologyand the Victorian Novel.” Yale University, 2004, 300pages,ISBN 0496134140.

Semorile, Trina. “Exposure to the Light: ‘The AmericanAmateur Photographer’ and the Dialogue withTechnology, Social Structures and Cultural Change.” NewYork University, 2004, 455 pages. 3147169.

Simmons, Anna Elizabeth. “The Chemical andPharmaceutical Trading Activities of the Society of

Apothecaries, 1822 to 1922.” Open University, 2004.C817525.

Thomas, Catherine E. “Deadly Discourse: TheCultural Politics of Poisoning in Early Modern England.”The Pennsylvania State University, 2004, 227 pages.3157583.

Tunlid, Anna. “Boundary of Genetics: Individuals andInstitutions in the Development of Swedish Genetics.”Lunds Universitet, 2004, 380 pages. C818229.

Vackimes, Sophia. “Of Science in Museums: A Studyof Contemporary Museology.” New School University,2005, 350 pages. 3161886.

Vossoughian, Nader. “Facts and Artifacts: Otto Neurathand the Social Science of Socialization.” ColumbiaUniversity, 2004, 393 pages. 3147287.

Ward, Susan Mechele. “Rhetorically Constructing a‘Cure’: FDR’s Dynamic Spectacle of Normalcy.” RegentUniversity, 2005, 175 pages. 3159818.

Wedge, John. “The United States, Radio Architecture,and Global Space, 1933-1951.” University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign, 2004, 331 pages. 3160970.

Widders, Evan. “Science, Medicine, and Criollo Culturein Late-Colonial New Spain.” University of California,Santa Barbara, 2005, 247 pages. 3161540.

Wolfenstein, Gabriel Karl. “Public Numbers and theVictorian State: The General Register Office, the Census,and Statistics in Nineteenth-Century Britain.” University ofCalifornia, Los Angeles, 2004, 309 pages. 3146600.

Xu, Yibao. “Concepts of Infinity in ChineseMathematics.” The City University of New York, 2005, xiv+ 344 pages.

Yoon, Ho Sang. “Existentialism with Regard to Sciencein Twentieth-Century Argentinean Literature”(Spanishtext). Washington University, 2004, 278 pages. 3147469.

Yeung, Yang. “Cyborg and Human: When a PostmodernMyth Meets Humanism.” The Chinese University of HongKong, 2004, 321 pages.3162599.

Zulli, Jerilyn. “Puritans, Patriots, and Proto-ScienceFiction: The Influence of Early American Culture on theProduction and Consumption of Science Fiction andUtopian Fiction in American Literature.” The GeorgeWashington University, 2004, 285 pages. 3148016.

Dissertations List The list below reflects information provided by Dr. Jonathon Erlen (only dissertation titles placed in Dissertation Abstracts are included) and others and was current as of 1 August 2005.Please send any missing titles to [email protected].

Aaboe, Asger. Episodes from the Early History ofAstronomy. xiv + 172 pp. bibl., figs. New York: Springer-Verlag,2001. $59.95 (paper). 0387951369.

Andreasen, Nancy C. The Creating Brain. TheNeuroscience of Genius. xii + 197 pp. illus., figs., bibl., index.New York/Washington: Dana Press, 2005. $23.95 (cloth).1932594078.

Baker, Gregory L.; Blackburn, James A. ThePendulum: A Case Study in Physics. xii + 300 pp.,figs., bibl.,index. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2005. $89.50(cloth). 0198567545.

Beason, Doug. The E-Bomb: How America’s New DirectedEnergy Weapons will Change the way Future Wars will beFought. xiii + 256 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. Cambridge,MA: Da Capo Press, 2005. $26 (cloth). 0306814021.

Ben-Ari, Moti. Just a Theory. Exploring the Nature ofScience. xii + 237 pp. illus., bibl., index. New York: PrometheusBooks, 2005. $21 (paper). 1591022851.

Beretta, Marco (Editor). From Private To Public:Natural Collections and Museums. (Uppsala Studies inHistory of Science, Volume 31; European Studies in ScienceHistory and the Arts, Volume 5.) ix + 252 pps., figs., index.Sagamore Beach, M.A.: Science History Publications, 2005.$39.95 (cloth). 0881353604.

Berkowitz, Roger. The Gift of Science: Leibniz and theModern Legal Tradition. xviii + 214 pp., apps., index.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. $49.95 (cloth).0674018737.

Bernardi, Walter; Manzini, Paola; Marcuccio,Roberto (Editors). Giambattista Venturi. Scienziato,Ingegnere, Intellecttuale fra età dei Lumi e Classicismo.(Biblioteca di Storia della Scienza, vol. 49.) xv + 296 pp.,figs., apps., bibls., indexes. Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2005. Euro31. 8822254120.

Blanchard, Jean-Vincent. L’Optique du Discours auXVIIe Siècle. De la Rhétorique des Jésuites au Style de laRaison Moderne (Descartes, Pascal). xii + 309 pp. illus.,figs., bibl., index. Saint Nicolas: Les Presses de L’UniversitéLaval, 2005. $39 (paper). 2763782582.

Bliss, Michael. Harvey Cushing: A Life In Surgery. xii +591 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. Toronto: University of TorontoPress, 2005. $50 (cloth). 080208950X.

Boockmann, Friederike; Di Liscia, Daniel A.;Kothmann, Hella (Editors). Miscellanea Kepleriana:Festschrift für Volker Bialas zum 65. Geburtstag.(Algorismus: Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik undder Naturwissenschaften Herausgegeben von Menso Folkerts,47.) v + 331 pp., figs. Augsburg: Dr. Erwin Rauner Verlag, 2005.Euro 24.50 (paper). 3936905088.

Brown, Elspeth H. The Corporate Eye: Photography andthe Rationalization of American Commercial Culture1884-1929. (Studies in Industry and Society.) viii + 334 pp.,figs., apps., bibl., index. Baltimore: The John HopkinsUniversity Press, 2005. $49.95 (cloth). 0801880998.

Brown, Louis. The Department of Terrestrial Magnetism.(Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Volume II.) xviii + 295 pp., figs., apps., index.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. $107.95 (cloth).0521830796.

Brunner, Bernd. The Ocean at Home: An IllustratedHistory of the Aquarium. 144 pp. illus., app., bibl. New York:Princeton: Princeton Architectural Press, 2005. $24.95 (cloth).1568985029.

Carlson, W. Bernard (Editor). Technology In WorldHistory. Foreword by Thomas P. Hughes. 7 volumes. 700 pp.,illus., gloss., index. New York.: Oxford University Press, 2005.$299 (cloth). 0198218205.

Croddy, Eric A.; Wirtz, James J.; Larsen, Jeffrey A.Weapons of Mass Destruction: An Encyclopedia ofWorldwide Policy, Technology, and History. 2 Volumes. xxxv+ 449 pp. (Vol 1.); xxxvi + 601 pp. (Vol. 2). illus., figs., tables,bibls., indexes. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2004. 1851094903.

Darrigol, Olivier. Worlds of Flow: A History ofHydrodynamics from the Bernoullis to Prandtl. xiv + 300pp. figs., app., bibl., index. Oxford: Oxford University Press,2005. $64.50 (cloth). 0198568436.

de Asúa, Miguel; French, Roger. A New World ofAnimals. Early Moderm Europeans on the Creatures ofIberian America. xvi + 257 pp. illus., bibl., index. Burlington:Ashgate Publishing. $84.95 (cloth). 0754607798.

Dorries, Matthias (Editor). Michael Frayn’sCopenhagen in Debate: Historical Essays and Documentson the 1941 Meeting Between Niels Bohr and WernerHeisenberg. (Berkeley Papers in History of Science, Vol. 20.)viii. + 195 pp., illus., bibl., index. Berkeley: Office for History ofScience and Technology, University of California, Berkeley,2005. $12 (paper). 0967261724.

Driver, Felix; Martins, Luciana (Editors). TropicalVisions in an Age of Empire. xii + 279 pp. illus., bibl., index.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005. $25 (paper).0226164721.

Dunaway, Finis. Natural Visions. The Power of Images inAmerican Environmental Reform. xxiv + 246 pp., figs.,apps., index. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005. $37(cloth). 0226173259.

Ebrahimnejad, Hormoz. Medicine, Public Health andthe Qajar State. (Sir Henry Wellcome Asian Studies, 4.) xiv +266 pp., figs., apps., bibl., indexes. Leiden: Brill AcademicPublishers. $110 (cloth). 9004139117.

Eisner, Thomas. For the Love of Insects. Foreword byEdward O. Wilson. Xi + 448 pp.illus., figs., bibl., index.Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005. 0674018273.

Eisner, Thomas; Eisner, Maria; Siegler, Melody.Secret Weapons: Defenses of Insects, Spiders, Scorpions, andOther Many-Legged Creatures. x + 372 pp., illus., figs., apps.,index. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard UniversityPress, 2005. 29.95 (cloth). 0674018826.

Feuerle, Mark. Bilde - Mange - Trebuchet: Technik,Entwicklung und Wirkung des Wurfgeschützes imMittelalter. 193 pp., illus., bibl. Diepholz: GNT-Verlag, 2005.�28.50 (cloth). 3928186787.

Fitas, Augusto J.S.; Videira, António A.P. (Editors).Cartas entre Guido Beck e cientistas portugueses. Estudos eDocumentos. 327pp. Index. Portugal: Lisbon: Instituto Piaget,2004. $30.00 (paper). 9727717500.

Flügel, Helmut W. Der Abgrund der Zeit: DieEntwicklung der Geohistorick 1670 - 1830. 250 pp., illus.,bibl., index. Diepholz: GNT - Verlag, 2004. �30 (cloth).3928186779.

Ford, Kenneth W. The Quantum World: QuantumPhysics for Everyone. ix + 294 pp., illus., figs., apps., index.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. $16.95(paper). 067401832X.

Fox, Robert; Gooday, Graeme (Editors). Physics inOxford, 1839 - 1939: Laboratories, Learning, andCollege Life. xix + 363 pp., frontis., figs., apps., bibl., index.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. (cloth).0198567928.

Friberg, Jöran. Unexpected Links Between Egyptian andBabylonian Mathematics. xii + 294 pp., figs., apps., bibl.,indexes. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. $54(cloth). 9812563288.

Fulton, Helen (Editor). Medieval Celtic Literature andSociety. 304 pp. bibl., index. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2005.1851829288.

Gabbay, D.M.; Woods, J. A Practical Logic of CognitiveSystems, 2. xviii + 476 pp. figs., bibl., index. Amsterdam:Elsevier Science, 2005. 044451791x.

Gannier, Odile; Picquoin, Cécile (Editors). Journalde Bord d’Étienne Marchand: Le Voyage du Solide Autourde monde (1790 - 1792). 2 Volumes, 599 pp., figs., apps.,index. Paris: Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques,2005. � Euro 58 (paper). 2735505952.

Garcia, Stéphane. Élie Diodati et Galilée. Naissanced’un Réseau Scientifique dans L’Europe du XVIIe Siècle.Preface by Isabelle Pantin. (Bibliothèque d’Histoire deSciences, vol. 6.) xix + 448 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index.Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2004. � 46. 8822254163.


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ISIS BOOKS RECEIVEDPrior to the publication of each Newsletter, the HSS Executive Office receives from the Isis Editorial Office a list of books received by that office for potential review. This list appears herequarterly; it is not compiled from the annual Current Bibliography. You may also view this list and prior lists online at http://www.hssonline.org/society/isis/mf_isis.html.

Gasman, Daniel. The Scientific Origins of NationalSocialism. Somerset:Transaction, 2004. 0765805812.

Gorelik, Gennady. The World of Andrei Sakharov: ARussian Physicist’s Path to Freedom. With Antonina W.Bouis. xviii + 406 pp., illus., figs., app., index. New York:Oxford University Press, 2005. $47.50 (cloth). 019515620X.

Gradmann, Christoph. Krankheit im Labor: RobertKoch und die medizinische Bakteriologie. 376 pp. Germany:Wallstein Verlag GmbH, 2005. � 38 (paper). 3892449228.

Grange, Juliette. Comte de Saint-Simon: Écrits Politiqueset Économiques. 560 pp. bibl., index. Paris: Pocket, 2005. $21.95 (paper). 2266141791.

Grattan-Guinness, Ivor. Landmark Writings in WesternMathematics 1640-1940. xvii + 1022 pp. figs., bibl., Index.Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2005. $252 (cloth). 0444508716.

Gratzer, Walter. Terror of the Table: The Curious Historyof Nutrition. ix + 288 pp., illus., apps., index. New York:Oxford University Press, 2005. $30. (cloth). 0192806610.

Hahn, Roger. Pierre Simon Laplace, 1749-1827: ADetermined Scientist. x + 310 pp., apps., index. Cambridge,MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. $35 (cloth). 0674.

Hansen, James R. First Man: The Life of Neil A.Armstrong, The Authorized Biography. xi + 769 pp., illus.,bibl., index. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005, $30. (cloth).0743259637.

Harbers, Hans (Editor). Inside the Politics of Technology.Agency and Normativity in the Co-Production of Technologyand Society. 309 pp. figs., bibl., index. Amsterdam: AmsterdamUniversity Press. $69.95 (paper). 9053567569.

Hayles, N. Katherine. My Mother was a Computer.Digital Subjects and Literary Texts. x +290 pp. index.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005. $22 (paper).0226321487.

Hecht, Jeff. Beam: The Race to Make the Laser. x + 284 pp.apps., bibl., index. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press,2005. $29.99 (cloth). 0195142101.

Hoskin, Michael. The History of Astronomy: A Very ShortIntroduction. x + 123 pp., figs., apps., index. UnitedKingdom: Oxford University Press, 2003. $9.95 (paper).0192803069.

Hösle, Vittorio; llies, Christian (Editors).Darwinism & Philosophy. 392 pp., figs., table, bibls., index.Notre Dame, I.N.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005. $70(cloth); $35 (paper). 0268030731.

Huerta, Robert D. Vermeer and Plato: Painting theIdeal. 148 pp., figs., apps., index. Lewisburg, PA: BucknellUniversity Press, 2005. $57.50 (cloth). 0838756069.

Jackson, John P., Jr.; Weidman, Nadine M. Race,Racism, and Science. Social Impact and Interaction. xv +403 pp. illus., bibl., index. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2004.$74 (cloth). 1851094482.

Jacquart, Danielle. L’Épopée de la Science Arabe.(Découvertes Gallimard, Série Sciences et Techniques.) 127pp., illus., figs., app., bibl., index. Paris: Gallimard, 2005.(paper). 2070318273.

Kaiser, David. Pedagogy and the Practice of Science:Historical and Contemporary Perspectives. (InsideTechnology Series.) vi + 426 pp., figs., apps., index. Cambridge,Mass.: The MIT Press, 2005. $45 (cloth). 0-262-11288-4.

Kasman, Alex. Reality Conditions: Short MathematicalFiction. ix + 247 pp. Washington: The MathematicalAssociation of America. $29.95 (paper). 0883855526.

Kassel, Lauren. Medicine and Magic in ElizabethanLondon. Simon Forman: Astrologer, Alchemist, &Physician. xviii + 291 pp. illus., bibl., indexes. NewYork/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. 0199279055.

King, D. Brett; Wertheimer, Michael. Max Wetheimerand Gestalt Theory. viii + 438 pp., illus., apps., index. NewBrunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2005. $49.95 (cloth).0765802589.

Kingsland, Sharon E. The Evolution of AmericanEcology: 1890-2000. x + 313 pp. Index. Baltimore: JohnsHopkins University Press, 2005. $50.00 (cloth). 0801881714.

Kirschner, Marc W.; Gerhart, John C. The Plausibilityof Life. Resolving Darwin’s Dilemma. Illustrated by JohnNorton. xiii + 314 pp. illus., figs., index. New Haven/London:Yale University Press, 2005. $30 (cloth). 0300108656.

Kistemaker, R.E.; Kopaneva, N.P.; Meijers, D.J.;Vilinbakhov, G.V. (Editors). The Paper Museum of theAcademy of Sciences in St Petersburg c. 1725-1760.(History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, 6.)xii + 348 pp., illus., figs., apps., bibl., index, DVD. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 2005. $85 (cloth). 9069844265.

Kwa, Chunglin. De ontdekking van het weten: Eenandere geschiedenis van de wetenschap. 384 pp., illus.,bibl., index. Amsterdam: Boom, 2005. (paper). 9085061415.

Laurenza, Domenico. La Ricerca Dell’Armonia:Rappresentazioni Anatomiche Nel Rinascimento.(Biblioteca di Nuncius, vol. 47) ix + 142 pp., illus., figs., bibl.index. Firenze, Italy: Leo S. Olschki, 2003. � 19. 8822252667.

Levy, Tony; Rashed, Roshdi (Editors). Maimonide:Philosophe et savant (1138-1204). xi + 477 pp. index. Belgium:Peeters Publishers and Booksellers, 2004. � Euro 52. 9042914580.

Lindee, Susan. Moments of Truth in Genetic Medicine. xi+ 288 pp., figs., bibl., index. Baltimore: Johns HopkinsUniversity Press, 2005. $40 US (cloth). 0801881757.

Lorch, Richard (Editor). Al-Farghani. On theAstrolabe. 447 pp. figs., bibl. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag,2005. � 80 (cloth). 3515087133.

Lützen, Jesper. Mechanistic Images in Geometric Form:Heinrich Hertz’s Principles of Mechanics. xiii + 318 pp.,figs., app., bibl., index. New York: Oxford University Press,2005. $75 (cloth). 0198567375.

Macintosh, Kerry Lynn. Illegal Beings. HumanClones and the Law. xiii + 272 pp. index. New York:Cambridge University Press, 2005. $28 (paper). 051853281.

Maienschein, Jane; Glitz, Marie; Allen, GarlandE. (Editors). The Department of Embryology.(Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Volume V.) xv + 227 pp., figs., index.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. $107.95(cloth). 0521830826.

Marché, Jordan D., II. Theaters of Time and Space:American Planetaria, 1930-1970. xv + 267 pp., figs,apps., bibls., index. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers UniversityPress. $49.99 (cloth). 081353576X.

Marcus, Alan I. (Editor). Engineering in a Land-Grant Context: The Past, Present, and Future of an Idea.198 pp., index. West Layfayette, IN: Purdue University Press,2005. $34.95 (cloth). 1557533601.

Markley, Robert. Dying Planet. Mars in Science andthe Imagination. x + 444 pp. illus., bibl., index.Durham/London: Duke University Press, 2005. $89.95(cloth); $24.95 (paper). 0822336006.

Massimi, Michela. Pauli’s Exclusion Principle: TheOrigin and Validation of a Scientific Principle. xiv + 211pp. figs., tables, bibl., index. New York: CambridgeUniversity Press, 2005. $75 (cloth). 0521839114.

Mayaud, Pierre Noel. Le conflit entre l’astronomienouvelle et l’Ecriture sainte aux XVI.e et XVII.e siecles:Un moment de l’histoire des idees: Autour de l’affaire deGalilee. 6 Volumes. 3416 pp. bibl., indexes. Paris: HonoreChampion, 2005. � Euro 388 (cloth). 2745311263.

McCauley, Bernadette. Who Shall Take Care of OurSick?: Roman Catholic Sisters and the Development ofCatholic Hospitals in New York City. (Medicine, Science,and Religion in Historical Context Series). xi + 141 pp.,illus., bibl., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UniversityPress, 2005. $45 (cloth). 0801882168.

Meek, Christine; Lawless, Catherine (Editors).Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women 4:Victims or Viragos? 240 pp., figs., app., bibl., index.Dublin: Four Courts Press, Ltd., 2005. $29.95 (cloth).1851828893.

Molavi, Afshin. The Soul of Iran: A Nation’s Journey toFreedom. xxiii + 355 pp., illus. New York: W.W. Norton &Company, 2005. $14.95 (paper). 0393325970.

Monti, Maria Teresa; Ratcliff Marc J. (Editors).Figure Dell’Invisibilita. Le Scienze Della Vita Nell’ItaliaD’Antico Regime. (Biblioteca di Nuncius, vol. 54.)(Based on studies at Milano-Ginerva, November 2002 -June 2003.) xxi + 310 pp., figs., index. Florence: Leo S.Olschki, 2004. � Euro 33. 8822253744.

Mooney, Chris. The Republican War on Science.ix+ 342 pp., index. New York: Basic Books, 2005. $24.95(cloth). 0465046754.


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Morgan, Vance C. Weaving the World. Simone Weil onScience, Mathematics, and Love. xi + 234 pp., figs., apps.,bibl., index. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.$25 (paper). 0268034877.

Naskrecki, Piotr. The Smaller Majority. 278 pp., illus.,apps., index. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.$35 (cloth). 0674019156.

Newton, Roger G. Galileo’s Pendulum: From the Rhythmof Time to the Making of Matter. x + 153 pp., figs., apps.,index. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004. $13.95(paper). 0674018486.

Offit, Paul A. The Cutter Incident: How America’s FirstPolio Vaccine Led to the Growing Vaccine Crisis. xii + 238pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. New Haven, CT: Yale UniversityPress, 2005. $27.50 (cloth). 0300108648.

Peters, Klaus-Heinrich. Schönheit, Exaktheit, Wahrheit:Der Zusammenhang von Mathematik und Physik amBeispiel der Geschichte der Distributionen. ix + 260 pp.,illus., figs., bibl., index. Diepholz: GNT - Verlag, 2004. Euro� 32(cloth). 39281867474.

Piccolino, Marco. Lo zufolo e la cicala. Divagazionigalileiane tra la scienza e la sua storia. (Saggi. Science.)359 pp., figs., bibl., index. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 2005.� Euro 26 (paper). 883391612X.

Pieribone, Vincent; Gruber, David. Aglow in the Dark:The Revolutionary Science of Biofluorescence. Foreword bySylvia Nasar. viii + 252 pp. illus. Cambridge, MA: HarvardUniversity Press, 2005. $24.95 (paper). 0674019210.

Porter, Roy. Flesh in the Age of Reason: The ModernFoundations of Body and Soul. Foreword by Simon Schama.xviii + 574 pp., bibl., index. New York: W.W. Norton &Company, 2005. $17.95 (paper). 0393326969.

Príncipe, João. Razão e ciência em António Sérgio. 289pp. iIllus., apps., index. Portugal: Imprensa Nacional-Casa daMoeda, 2004. 9722712543.

Ramaswamy, Sumathi. The Lost Land of Lemuria.Fabulous Geographies, Catastrophic Histories. xv + 334 pp.illus., figs., bibl., index. A Philip E. Lilienthal Book in AsianStudies. California: University of California Press, 2004. $21.95(paper). 0520240324.

Ramo, Simon. Meetings, Meetings, and More Meetings:Getting Things Done When People Are Involved. 141 pps.,illus. Los Angeles, C.A.: Bonus Books, 2005. $19.95 (cloth).1566252563.

Regan, Ciaran. Intoxicating Minds: How Drugs Work.(Maps of the Mind, 8.) x + 169 pp., bibl., index. Originallypublished in London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson, Ltd.; New York:Columbia University Press, 2005. $18.95 (paper). 0231120176.

Reisch, George. How the Cold War TransformedPhilosophy of Science. xiv + 418 pp. illus., figs., index. NewYork: Cambridge University Press, 2005. $26.99 (paper).0521546893.

Rescher, Nicholas. What If? Thought Experimentation in

Philosophy. x + 179 pp. bibl., index. New Brunswick/London:Transaction Publishers, 2005. 0765802929.

Ruston, Sharon. Shelley and Vitality. xiii + 229 pp. bibl.,index. New York: Palgrave, 2005. $74.95 (cloth). 1403918244.

Sandage, Allan. The Mount Wilson Observatory.(Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Volume I.) xiii + 647 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. $107.95 (cloth).0521830788.

Schaffer, Daniel. TWAS at 20: A History of the Third WorldAcademy of Sciences. xxxi + 165 pp. illus., index. Singapore:World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 2005. $28 (paper).9812561382.

Schwarzmann-Schafhauser, Doris. Orthopädie imWandel: die Herausbildung von Diziplin und Berufsstandin Bund und Kaiserreich (1815-1914). 396pp. Index.Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2004. Euro 68 (cloth).3515085009.

Segal, Howard P. Recasting the Machine Age. HenryFord’s Village Industries. xv + 244 pp. illus., bibl., index.Amherst/Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, $34.95(cloth). 1558494812.

Shell-Gellasch, Amy; Jardine, Dick (Editors). FromCalculus to Computers: Using the Last 200 Years ofMathematics History in the Classroom. xii + 255 pp., figs.Washington, D.C: The Mathematical Association of America,2005. $39.50 (paper). 0883851784.

Siegemund, Justine. The Court Midwife. Lynne Tatlock,editor and translator. (The Other Voice In Early ModernEurope Series.) xxxi + 260 pp., illus., apps., bibl., index.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005. $24. (paper).

Solomon, Julie Robin; Gimelli Martin, Catherine(Editors). Francis Bacon and the Refiguring of EarlyModern Thought: Essays to Commemorate ‘TheAdvancement of Learning’ (1605-2005). (Literary andScientific Cultures of Early Modernity Series.) vi + 257 pp.,bibl., index. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 2005. $94.95(cloth). 0754653595.

Stahnisch, Frank; Steger, Florian (Editors).Medizin, Geschichte und Geschlecht: KörperhistorischeRekonstruktionen von Identitäten un Differenzen.(Geschichte und Philosophie der Medizin, 1). 297 pp., figs.,app., index. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2005. Euro 49(cloth). 3515085645.

Strbánová, Sona; Stamhuis, Ida H.; Mojsejo,Katerina (Editors). Women Scholars and Institutions.(Studies in the History of Sciences and Humanities, 13A-B.)(Based on papers presented at the International Conference,June 8 - 11 2003, Prague.) 861 pp., figs., apps., index. Prague:Research Center for History of Sciences and Humanities, 2004.Euro 30 (paper). 8072850415.

Swan, Claudia. Art, Science, and Witchcraft in EarlyModern Holland: Jacques de Gheyn (1565-1629).(Cambridge Studies in Netherlandish Visual Culture.) xvii +254 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. New York: Cambridge

University Press, 2005. $85 (cloth). 0521826748.

van der Eijk, Philip J. Medicine and Philosophy inClassical Antiquity: Doctors and Philosophers on Nature,Soul, Health and Disease. xiv + 404 pp., apps., bibl., indexes.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. $95 (cloth).0521818001.

Visser, Rob; Touret, Jacques (Editors). DutchPioneers of the Earth Sciences. (History of Science andScholarship in the Netherlands Volume 5). xii + 200 pp.illus., figs., index. Amsterdam: Royal Netherlands Academyof Arts and Science, 2004. $40 (cloth). 9069843897.

Walker, Brett L. The Lost Wolves of Japan. Foreword byWilliam Cronon. (Weyerhaeuser Environmental Books.)xiv + 331 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. Seattle, WA: Universityof Washington Press, 2005. $35 (cloth). 0295984929.

Walker, J. Samuel. Three Mile Island: A Nuclear Crisis inHistorical Perspective. 314 pp., illus. Berkeley, CA: University ofCalifornia Press, 2004. $16.95. (paper). 0520246837.

Walton, Steven A. (Editor). Instrumental in War:Science, Research, and Instruments between Knowledgeand the War. (History of Warfare Vol. 28., Kelly Devries,ed.) xxiv + 414 pp., illus., index. Leiden, The Netherlands:Brill Academic Publishers, 2005. $174 (cloth).9004142819.

Webb, Richard C. Tele-visionaries: The People Behind theInvention of Television. xv + 170 pp., figs., app., index.Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2005. $49.95 (cloth).047171156X.

Weber, Steven. The Success of Open Source. vii + 312 pp.,figs., app., index. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press,2004. $16.95 (paper). 0674018583.

Wolman, David. Left-Hand Turn Around the World:Chasing the Mystery and Meaning of all Things Southpaw. xi+ 236 pp., app., bibl., index. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press,2005. $23.95 (cloth). 0306814153.

Wright, Gary (Coordinator and English Editor).Ocean Sciences Bridging the Millennia: A Spectrum ofHistorical Accounts. (Based on papers selected from theSixth International Congress on the History ofOceanography.) 507 pp., illus., bibls., index. Paris: UNESCOPublishing, 2004. Euro 45 (paper). 9231039369.

Yoder, Hatten S., Jr., The Geophysical Laboratory.(Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution ofWashington, Volume III.) xiv + 270 pp., figs., tables, apps.,index. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.$107.95 (cloth). 052183080X.

Zabell, S.L. Symmetry and its Discontents: Essays on theHistory of Inductive Probability. (Cambridge Studies inProbability, Induction and Decision Theory.) xii + 279 pp.,figs., index. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. $70(cloth). 0521444705.

Zinsser, Judith (Editor). Men, Women, and the Birthingof Modern Science. vi + 215 pp. index. Dekalb: NorthernIllinois University Press, 2005. $38 (cloth). 0875803407.


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23

Donors to NEH Challenge Fund(As of 1 December 2005)

Thank You!

Richard Creath & Jane Maienschein

Gladys Krieble Delmas FoundationThe Furumoto Research Foundation

Charles C. Gillispie*In Honor and Memory of David DibnerJohn C. Greene*Margaret J. Osler*Lisbet Rausing Trust

River Branch FoundationDavid RockefellerLaurence S. Rockefeller FundM. Virginia & John W. Servos*Charlene & Michael M. Sokal*+

AnonymousMichele L. AldrichJoan Cadden*Virginia P. Dawson+

Joseph FrutonFrederick Gregory*Gerald Holton*Shinzo KohjiyaSally Gregory Kohlstedt*

Bernard Lightman*Robert Multhauf*John A. NeuMary Jo & Robert Nye*John A. Popplestone

Heinrich & Eve von StadenArnold W. Thackray*Spencer WeartThomas R. WilliamsJoella & William Yoder

Clark A. Elliott+Judith & David Goodstein

Loren GrahamSusan Lindee

John MichelAlan RockeEdward G. Ruestow

Michael ShankNancy G. SiraisiLaurence D. Smith

AnonymousRenato Acampora Douglas AllchinGarland AllenKatharine AndersonPeder AnkerToby AppelWilbur ApplebaumAdam J. AptJean-Francois AugerJose BachLawrence BadashPeter BarkerDonald deB. BeaverJean BeetschenAlan BeyerchenJohn BlackmoreAnn BlairMuriel BlaisdellAngela Boernke-VallouPatrick BonerJames J. BonoWilliam BrockStephen G. Brush*Joe D. BurchfieldRichard BurkhardtLeslie J. BurlingameRonald CalingerKen CanevaPeggy ChamplinHasok ChangDavid ChannellH. Floris Cohen

N.G. ColeyJonathan CoopersmithAngela N. H. CreagerPaul J. CroceLorraine J. DastonJoseph W. DaubenPeter R. DearAllen G. DebusRonald DoelM. EddyGuy EmeryJudith & Jonathon Erlen Raymond E. FancherAnne Fausto-SterlingJavier FernandezTom & Uma FerrellKlaus FischerGary FoutyRobert Marc FriedmanElizabeth Garber+Janet Bell GarberPatsy Gerstner+

Neal GillespieMary Louise GleasonMarie GlitzJan GolinskiJohn GouldSara S. GronimAnita Guerrini

& Michael Osborne~Stanley GuralnickMartin GutzwillerBeth HaGath

Roger HahnHanne HandersenBert HansenKatherine HaramundanisJon M. HarknessJoseph E. HarmonJohn L. HeilbronJavier Herrero FernandezBruce HevlyErwin Hiebert*Anne HiskesDavid A. HollingerRoderick HomeKarl and Sally HufbauerBruce J. HuntMargaret JacobDerek JensenSachiko KusukawaVictor J. KatzPeggy KidwellWilliam KimlerAnn La BergeShoshi LavinghouseBruce V. LewensteinAlbert C. LewisDavid Lindberg*William & Marie LongtonPhillip LoringKenneth M. LudmererElizabet LunbeckPamela E. Mack*Robert J. MaloneMichael Massouh+

James E. McClellan IIIStephen C. McCluskeyDonna MehosEverett I. MendelsohnMargaret O. MeredithMichal MeyerRonald E. MickensNancy J. NersessianSheila Counce NicklasLynn K. NyhartBrian W. OgilvieMarilyn OgilvieNaomi OreskesLeonello PaoloniJohn ParascandolaKaren ParshallDiane B. PaulPhilip J. PaulyJames A. PittmanTheodore PorterJohn K. PribramKaren RaderSylwester RatowtKaren & James ReedsJoan L. RichardsRobert J. RichardsRobin E. RiderGeorge RosensteinMarc RothenbergJames RuffnerAndrea Rusnock

& Paul LucierKen SaitoMorton L. Schagrin

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Frederick WeinsteinRobert WeinstockStephen WeldonRobert WestmanKarin E. WetmoreRoger L. WilliamsThomas WilliamsL. Pearce & Sylvia I. WilliamsEri YagiToshihiro Yamada

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PERMIT No. 6784

In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the HSS graduate-student essay prize, theformerly named Schuman Prize, the HSS Executive Office researched past winners

and came up with some interesting facts. Given the preponderance of graduate pro-grams in the U.S., it was not surprising that most winners have come from schools inthe United States, but what did surprise us is that, judged by region, the northeasternU.S. has dominated the competition with a full 81% of winners coming from thatarea. Princeton has been the lion (or tiger, if you will), with 13 winners; followed byHarvard and Penn, with 5 winners each; and Johns Hopkins with 4. A total of 4 prize-winning students came from schools in the Midwest (University of Wisconsin andUniversity of Chicago with 2 prizes each). Only 2 western schools (UCLA and Cal)have hosted winners. No school in the South has won and only two internationalschools (University of Toronto and Cambridge University) have claimed the prize.

Part of the explanation for the northeast influence could be the pattern of estab-lishment of the graduate programs in the U.S., although a Princetonian was the lastto win the prize. What is more important is the number of submissions.

Interestingly, the number of submitted articles has fluctuated widely. In the early1990s, 16 and 17 entries per year were common. These numbers fell dramatically inthe mid-90s with as few as 4 submissions and no more than 8 received each year.Heavy promotion of the prize among graduate students increased submissions signifi-cantly (22 in 2003), but this past year only 7 students entered essays, and none ofthese papers were judged as meeting the high standards of the Reingold Prize.

So, what is to be done? There are many things we can do. We have extended theprize deadline (from April 1st to June 1st) to give students extra time to polish theiressays. Department chairs and dissertation advisers should send reminders to their stu-dents to take a chance on the prize (many chapters from dissertations have landed theprize). Delegates who attended the HSS meeting in Minneapolis should send an e-mailto students whose papers they considered especially interesting, encouraging those stu-dents to submit their paper for the competition. Finally, students need to submit theirwork, to be bold, and to make a bid for the prize. Such efforts elevate the intellectualfield, paying dividends for the entire profession.

The Reingold Prize guidelines can be found on the HSS Web site at http://www.hsson-line.org/society/awards/mf_awards.html.

Who has Won the Reingold Prize?

Note: Graph only representsyears the prize was awarded.