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Exploring Innovation

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Volume-4 Issue-8, December 2016Volume-4 Issue-8, December 2016

Published by: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication Pvt.

EXPLORING INNOVA

TION

Editor In Chief

Dr. Shiv K Sahu

Ph.D. (CSE), M.Tech. (IT, Honors), B.Tech. (IT)

Director, Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal (M.P.), India

Dr. Shachi Sahu

Ph.D. (Chemistry), M.Sc. (Organic Chemistry)

Additional Director, Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal(M.P.), India

Vice Editor In Chief

Dr. Vahid Nourani

Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Iran

Prof. (Dr.) Anuranjan Misra

Professor & Head, Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology & Engineering, Noida International University,

Noida (U.P.), India

Advisory Chair

Dr. T.C.Manjunath

Principal & Professor, HKBK College of Engg, Nagawara, Arabic College Road, Bengaluru-560045, Karnataka, India

Dr. P. Dananjayan

Professor, Department of Department of ECE, Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry, India

Dr. Kamal K Mehta

Associate Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Institute of Technology, NIRMA University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India

Dr. Rajiv Srivastava

Director, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Sagar Institute of Research & Technology, Bhopal (M.P.), India

Dr. Chakunta Venkata Guru Rao

Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SR Engineering College, Ananthasagar, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India

Technical Chair

Dr. Sunil Mishra

Associate Professor, Department of Communication Skills (English), Dronacharya College of Engineering, Farrukhnagar, Gurgaon

(Haryana), India

Dr. Labib Francis Gergis Rofaiel

Associate Professor, Department of Digital Communications and Electronics, Misr Academy for Engineering and Technology,

Mansoura City, Egypt

Dr. Pavol Tanuska

Associate Professor, Department of Applied Informetics, Automation, and Mathematics, Trnava, Slovakia

Dr. VS Giridhar Akula

Professor, Avanthi's Research & Technological Academy, Gunthapally, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

Dr. S. Satyanarayana

Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KL University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Dr. Bhupendra Kumar Sharma

Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, KL University, BITS, Pilani, India

Dr. Praveen Agarwal

Associate Professor & Head, Department of Mathematics, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India

Dr. Manoj Kumar

Professor, Department of Mathematics, Rashtriya Kishan Post Graduate Degree, College, Shamli, Prabudh Nagar, (U.P.), India

Dr. Shaikh Abdul Hannan

Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, Vivekanand Arts Sardar Dalipsing Arts and Science College, Aurangabad

(Maharashtra), India

Dr. K.M. Pandey

Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,National Institute of Technology, Silchar, India

Managing Chair

Mr. Jitendra Kumar Sen

International Journal of Innovative Science and Modern Engineering (IJISME)

Reviewer Chair

Dr. Ashu Gupta

Assoc. Professor, Department of Computer Applications, Apeejay Institute of Management Technical Campus, Jalandhar, Punjab,

India

Dr. T.Logeswari

Associate Professor, Department of MCA, Dr.N.G.P. – Kalapatti Road Coimbatore - 641048 India

Dr. Nurul Fadly Habidin

Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim,

Perak

Dr. S.Manikandan

Department of ECE, Dean,VKS College of Engineering and Technology, Karur,Tamilnadu, India

Dr. S.Sasikumar

Department of ECE, Jayaram College of Engineering and Technology, India

Dr. Mojtaba Moradi

Assoc. Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Dr. Neeraj Kumar

Assoc. Professor, Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, IIMT Engineering.College, Meerut (U.P.), India

Dr. T.V.Suryanarayana

Assoc. Professor, Department of ECM, K L University, Green Fields,Vaddeswaram, Guntur District, A.P., India

Dr. Yaswanth Kumar Avulapati

Department of Computer Science, S.V.U.Collge of CM&CS, S.V.University, Tirupati, India

Dr. Yu Qi

Department of Computer Science, 30 Montgomery Street, Suite 1250, Jersey City, NJ, USA

Dr. N Dinesh Kumar

Professor, Department of Electronics & Instrumentation, VITS, Vignan Hills, Deshmukhi, Pochampalli Mdl,Nalogonda Dist, India

Dr. Deepshikha Bhargava

Assoc. Professor & Head, Department of Information Technology, Amity University, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India

Dr. Dinesh Sharma

Assoc. Professor, Department of ECE, DAVCET, Kanina (HR), India

Dr. Aginam, Chukwurah Henry

Department of Civil Engineering/Structural Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria

Dr. Messaouda AZZOUZI

Associate Professor, Department of Sciences and Technologies, Cite Porte Charef (02) Nr 14/798, Djelfa, Algeria

Dr. Remica Aggarwal

Assoc. Professor, Department of Management, BITS Pilani, Rajasthan, India

Dr. Dinesh Chandra Jain

Assoc. Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering,S.V.I.T.S – Indore (M.P.), India

Dr. Vu Truong Vu

Department of Civil Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Faculty of Civil Engineering, No. 2, D3 Street, Ward 25,

Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

Dr. Muhammad Farhan

Department of Mathematical Models & Travel Demand Forecasting,Wasatch Front Regional Council North Jimmy Doolittle Road

Salt Lake City, Utah

Dr. S.Sumathi

Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,V.M.K.V. Engineering College, salem

Dr. G. Subramanya Nayak

Assoc. Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University,

Manipal Karnataka, India

Dr. R.Balamurugan

Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KSR College of Technology,Tiruchengode Tamilnadu, India

Dr. Ganesh Kumar T

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Research Scholar, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,Tirunelveli, India

Dr. K.Siva Rama Krishna

Assoc. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Gitam University Visakhapatnam, India

Dr. P.Sanjeevikumar

Assoc. Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Bharathi Street, Jeevanandhapuram, Lawspet, Puducherry, India.

S.

No

Volume-4 Issue-8, December 2016, ISSN: 2319–6386 (Online)

Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd.

Page No.

1.

Authors: Esam A.M. ALSUMAIT

Paper Title: Types and Applications of Sensors

Abstract: Sensors are the most important part of the robotics and the embedded system. we use the sensors to

minimize the logic circuits and make the system more efficient. Beside advantages; recent advances, and cost

reductions has stimulated interest in fiber optical sensing. Researchers has combined the product outgrowths of

fiber optic telecommunications with optoelectronic devices to emerge fiber optic sensors. researches have been

conducted in past decades using fiber optic sensors with different techniques. Intensity, phase, and wavelength

based fiber optic sensors are the most widely used sensor types. In this paper, an overview of sensors and their

applications are presented.

Keywords: sensors types , Fiber optics, optical fiber sensing, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), interferometry, micro

bending, smart structures , IR sensors, temperature sensors, Touch sensors, Proximity sensors, UV sensors and

advanced sensor technology.

References: 1. Geib, D., Multiplexing of Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Optical Fiber Sensors for Strain Measurements, M.S. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic

Institute and State University, 2003.

2. I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, A power aware enhanced routing (PAER) protocol for sensor networks, Georgia Tech Technical Report, January

2002, submitted for publication. 3. Bakre, B.R. Badrinath, I-TCP: indirect TCP for mobile hosts, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Distributed Computing

Systems, Vancouver, BC, May 1995, pp. 136–143

4. P. Bauer, M. Sichitiu, R. Istepanian, K. Premaratne, The mobile patient: wireless distributed sensor networks for patient monitoring and care, Proceedings 2000 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, 2000, pp. 17–21

5. Culshaw, B., and Dakin, J., Optical Fiber Sensors: Systems and Applications, Artech House, Boston, 1989. 6. Bhardwaj, T. Garnett, A.P. Chandrakasan, Upper bounds on the lifetime of sensor networks, IEEE International Conference on

Communications ICC'01, Helsinki, Finland, June 2001

7. Udd, E., W. Schulz, J. Seim, J. Corones, and H. M. Laylor, Fiber Optic Sensors for Infrastructure Applications , Oregon Department of Transportation, Washington D.C, 1998. Temperature Measurements, M.S. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003.

8. P. Bonnet, J. Gehrke, P. Seshadri Querying the physical world IEEE Personal Communications (October 2000), pp. 10–15

9. N. Bulusu, D. Estrin, L. Girod, J. HeidemannScalable coordination for wireless sensor networks: self- configuring localization systems, International Symposium on Communication Theory and Applications (ISCTA 2001), Ambleside, UK, July 2001

10. B.G. Celler et al., An instrumentation system for .the remote monitoring of changes in functional health status of the elderly, 909

11. Cerpa, D. Estrin, and ASCENT: adaptive selfconfiguring sensor networks topologies, UCLA Computer Science Department. 6 A. Cerpa, J. Elson, M. Hamilton, J. Zhao, Habitat monitoring: application driver for wireless communications technology, ACM

SIGCOMM'2000, Costa Rica, April 2001

12. Chandrakasan, R. Amirtharajah, S. Cho, J.Goodman, G. Konduri, J. Kulik, W. Rabiner, A. Wang, Design considerations for distributed micro-sensor systems, Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, San Diego, CA, May 1999, pp. 279–286

13. Chien, I. Elgorriaga, C. McConaghy, Low-power direct-sequence spread-spectrum modem architecture for distributed wireless sensor

networks, ISLPED'01, Huntington Beach, California, and August 2001 14. “Piezoresistive stress sensors for structural analysis of electronic packages,” J. Electron. Package. vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 203–215, 1991.

15. Jones, D., Introduction to Fiber Optics, Naval Education and Training Professional Develeopment and Technology Center, 1998.

16. Giallorenzi, T. G., et. al., Optical Fiber Sensor Technology, IEEE J. Quant. Elec., QE-18, 626, 1982. 17. Krohn, D. A., Fiber Optic Sensors: Fundamental and Applications, Instrument Society of America, Research Triangle Park, North

Carolina, 1988.

18. Udd, E., Fiber Optic Sensors: An Introduction for Engineers and Scientists, Wiley, New York, 1991. 19. Udd, E., editor, Fiber Optic Sensors, Proceedings of SPIE, CR-44, 1992.

20. Udd, E., Fiber Optic Smart Structures, Proceedings of IEEE, vol. 84, no. 6, 884 894, 1996.

21. Tracey, P. M., Intrinsic Fiber-Optic Sensors, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 27, 1, 1991.

1-10

2.

Authors: Ravi Lodhi, Shiv Kumar, Babita Pathik

Paper Title: An Attack Proof Trust Model for Secure Path Selection with Data Transmission in MANET: A

Survey

Abstract: A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a network of mobile nodes which also act as routers and are

connected by wireless links. These routers are free to move and organize themselves at random; thus, the network's

wireless topology may change rapidly and unpredictably. The dynamic nature of MANETs makes network open to

attacks and unreliability. MANETs are vulnerable to various security attacks. Hence, finding a secure and

trustworthy end-to-end path in MANETs is a legitimate challenge. Dynamic source routing set of rules is a

functional protocol in wireless mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). Data Safekeeping and detection of malicious

node in a MANET is an imperative job in any network. To achieve reliability and availability, routing protocols

should be powerful against malicious attacks. This paper provides survey to the attacks while data transmission

and finding secure route in MANET.

Keywords: MANET, secure routing, malicious attack, Ad hoc Network, Wireless Routing Protocol, trust value.

References: 1. Tanvi Arora, Amarpreet Kour, Mandeep Singh,” Review of various routing protocols and routing Models for MANRTs”, International

Journal of Innovation & Advancement in CS ,IJIACS,ISSN 2347- 8616,Vol.4 Special Issue, MAY 2015. 2. Amit N Thakre ,Mrs M.Y.Joshi “Performance Analysis of AODV & DSR routing Protocol in Mobile ad-hoc network”, IJCA special

Issue on “mobile ad-hoc network”, MANETs 2010

3. David A. Maltz, “On demand routing in multi-hop wireless mobile ad-hoc network” CMU-CS-01-130, PhD. Desertion, School of computer science Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA- 2001.

4. Antesar M. Shabut, Keshav P. Dahal, Sanat Kumar Bista, and Irfan U. Awan, Recommendation Based Trust Model with an Effective

11-13

Defence Scheme for MANETs, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING, VOL. 14, NO. 10, OCTOBER 2015, pp-2101-2115

5. H. Deng, W. Li, and D. Agrawal, “Routing security in wireless ad hoc networks,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 70–75, Oct.

2002. 6. B. Wu, J. Chen, J. Wu, and M. Cardei, “A survey of attacks and countermeasures in mobile ad hoc networks,” in Wireless Network

Security. New York, NY, USA: Springer, 2007, pp. 103–135.

7. N. Pissinou, T. Ghosh, and K. Makki, “Collaborative trust-based secure routing in multihop ad hoc networks,” in Proc. Netw. Netw. Technol., Services, Protocols; Perform. Comput. Commun. Netw.; Mobile Wireless Commun., 2004, pp. 1446–1451.

8. S. Buchegger and J. Y. Le Boudee, “Self-policing mobile ad hoc networks by reputation systems,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 43, no. 7,

pp. 101–107, Jul. 2005. 9. G. V. Crosby, L. Hesterand, and N. Pissinou, “Location-aware, trust-based detection and isolation of compromised nodes in wireless

sensor networks,” Int. J. Netw. Security, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 107–117, 2011.

10. Hongmei Deng, Wei Li, and Dharma P. Agrawal, Routing Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, IEEE 2002, pp-70-76 11. U. Venkanna, R. Leela Velusamy, Mitigating the Attacks on Recommendation Trust Model for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, ERCICA

2013, pp-123-130

12. Wenjia Li, Anupam Joshi, Tim Finin, CAST: Context-Aware Security and Trust Framework for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Using Policies, Distributed and Parallel Database 2013, pp1-26

13. Senthil Kumar and E. Logashanmugam, Novel Key Management Techniques in Three-Tier Wireless Sensor Networks, IJCTA 2016, pp-

903-910 14. R. Gayathri, J.Maria Sofi Anusuya, Preventing Malicious Node and Provide Secure Routing In Manet, IOSRJECE 2015, pp.9-13

15. Aniket Patil,Javed Khan,Ashish Khandave,Abhishek Yadgire, Monika Dangore, Selfish Nodes Detection Techniques in MANET-A

Survey, IJRASET 2015, pp.286-291

16. Ruidong Li, Jie Li, Peng Liu, Jien Kato, A Novel Hybrid Trust Management Framework for MANETs, IEEE 2009, pp.251-256

17. P Suganya, CH Pradeep Reddy, Potential threats caused by malicious nodes and various counter measures available in MANET: A

Survey, RJPBCS, June 2016, pp-1012-1017 18. Antesar M. Shabut, Keshav P. Dahal, Senior Member, IEEE, Sanat Kumar Bista, and Irfan U. Awan , Recommendation Based Trust

Model with an Effective Defence Scheme for MANETs IEEE Oct. 2015, pp.2101-211

3.

Authors: Z.G. Ivanova, T. Djouama, M. Poulain, J. Teteris

Paper Title: Microstructural Characterization and Local Ordering of Fluorophosphate Ternary MnF2-NaPO3-

ZnF2 Glasses

Abstract: The investigation of physicochemical properties of glasses in connection with their structure and

potential applications is an important field of studies. In this work, the microstructural nature of ternary glasses

from the MnF2-NaPO3-ZnF2 system has been evaluated by such structure-sensitive parameters as the glass

transition temperature (Tg), Vickers microhardness (HV) and their relation. These glasses possess relatively high

values of Tg (240-290 oC) and HV (160-275 kg.mm-2). Based on the free-volume theory, the average volume of

microvoids (Vh), their formation energy (Eh) and the module of elasticity (Em) have been determined. The

relationship between them and the glass composition has been specified. The observed changes in the variation of

these parameters have been discussed by the data from Raman scattering and infrared absorption of the glasses

studied.

Keywords: Fluorophosphate glasses; Physical properties; Local structure

References: 1. H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Phosphorus Res. Bull. 13, 11 (2002).

2. G. Poirier, M. Poulain, Y. Messaddeq, S.J.L. Ribeiro, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 351, 293 (2005). 3. M. Matecki, M. Poulain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 56, 111 (1983).

4. M. Matecki, S. Jordery, J. Lucas, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 11, 1431 (1992).

5. M. Matecki, N. Duhamel, J. Lucas, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 184, 273 (1995). 6. M.J. Weber, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 123, 208 (1990).

7. J.O. Isard, K.K. Mallick, M. Jayla, Solid State Ionics 9&10, 623 (1983).

8. L. Cook, M. Liepmann, A.J. Marker, Mater. Sci. Forum 19&20, 305 (1987). 9. J. Jiang, G. Zhang, M.J. Poulain, J.Non-Cryst.Solids 213&214, 11 (1997).

10. L. Cook, K.H. Mader, J.Am.Ceram.Soc. 65, 597 (1982).

11. J. Leissner, K. Sebastian, H. Roggendorf, H. Schmidt, Mater.Sci.Forum 67-68, 137 (1991). 12. R.K. Sandwick, R.J. Scheller, K.H. Mader, Proc. SPIE 171, 161 (1979).

13. T. Djouama, A. Boutarfaia, M. Poulain, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 69, 2756 (2008).

14. T. Djouama, A. Boutarfaia, M. Poulain, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.- Rapid Commun. 1, 122 (2007). 15. T. Djouama, M. Poulain, M.T. Soltani, A. Boutarfaia, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.- Symposia 3, 358 (2009).

16. J. Kaluzˇny´, M. Kubliha, V. Labaš, T. Djouama, M. Poulain, J.Non-Cryst. Solids 355, 2003 (2009).

17. M. Poulain, G. Maze, Chemtronics 3, 77 (1988). 18. D.S. Sanditov, Fiz. Chim. Stekla 3, 14 (1977) (in Russian).

19. T. Djouama, M. Poulain, B. Bureau, R. Lebullenger, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 414, 16 (2015).

20. F. Gan, Y. Jiang, F. Jiang, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 52, 263 (1982). 21. D.E.C. Corbridge, Topics in Phosphorus Chemistry, Wiley Interscience, New-York, 1969, p. 235.

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4.

Authors: Viviane C. S. COIMBRA, Nancyleni P. CHAVES, Sebastião V. COIMBRA NETO, Alcina V. de

CARVALHO NETA

Paper Title: Methodology to Identify, Analyze, Classify and Monitor the Reintroduction Risk Points of Foot-and-

Mouth Disease

Abstract: The aim of the current study is to develop a methodology able to identify, classify and monitor the

reintroduction risk points of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in order to support an epidemiology monitoring

system. The study was conducted in Maranhão State. The methodology was developed in six stages, namely: i)

identifying the reintroduction risk points of foot-and-mouth disease; (ii) assessing the risk per identified point; iii)

classifying the risk points; iv) analyzing the spatial distribution of risk points; v) identifying livestock properties

under the highest epidemiological risk in comparison to the identified risk points; and vi) systematizing the model

used to monitor risk points and livestock properties under the highest epidemiological risk. It was possible

identifying and mapping possible points of introduction and/or dissemination of vesicular diseases in 2013 (917

points), 2014 (943 points) and 2015 (886 points). Three hundred and twenty-seven (36.91%) out of the 886 points

19-25

identified in 2015 were classified as of low risk; 55.87% (n = 495), as of medium risk; and 7.22% (n = 64), as of

high risk. The identified points were monitored on a monthly basis, as indicated for the herein assessed risk level,

and it totaled 5,021; 5,382 and 5,441 inspections, respectively. Livestock properties under the highest

epidemiological risk were also identified, and it totaled 2,894 properties in 2013; 3,057, in 2014; and 3,159, in

2015. These properties were inspected every six months, and it totaled 2,240; 2,294 and 2,353 inspections,

respectively. It was concluded that the methodology enables epidemiologically monitoring the reintroduction risk

points of Foot-and-Mouth Disease through risk analysis and geoprocessing in association with classic methods.

Keywords: Epidemiology, Foot-and-mouth disease, Risk analysis, Geoprocessing.

References: 1. E. Felisberto, “Monitoramento e avaliação, na atenção básica: novos horizontes", Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, Recife,

vol. 4, n. 3, 2004, pp. 317-321. 2. J. A. Moura, “Análise de Risco Como Ferramenta na Prevenção e Controle de Doenças”, In: IV Semana da Caprinocultura e Ovinocultura

Brasileiras, Sobral: EMBRAPA Caprinos, 2004a.

3. J. A. Moura, “Análise de Risco – Importância na Prevenção de Doenças”, Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, vol. 26, n. 3, 2004b, pp. 103-105.

4. D. V. Santos, B. Todeschini, C. M. B. M. Rocha, L. G. Corbellini, “A análise de risco como ferramenta estratégica para o serviço

veterinário oficial brasileiro: dificuldades e desafios”, Pesq. Vet. Bras, vol. 34, n. 6, 2014, pp. 542-554.

5. Brasil, Ministério de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Secretaria Nacional de Defesa Agropecuária, Departamento de Sanidade

Agropecuária, Programa Nacional de Erradicação e Prevenção da Febre Aftosa, “Vigilância veterinária de doenças vesiculares:

Orientações gerais”, Brasília, 2007, p. 49. 6. Maranhão, Agência Estadual de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Maranhão. Coordenadoria de Defesa Animal, “Procedimento

operacional padrão para identificação e classificação dos possíveis pontos de introdução e/ou disseminação de enfermidades vesiculares e

das propriedades pecuárias sob risco epidemiológico, 2009”, São Luís: AGED-MA, p. 46. 7. M. M. Tamada, T. A. Souza Filho, D. F. B. Coelho, V. B. Souza, “Uso do sistema de Informação geográfica como ferramenta auxiliar

para tomada de decisão: aplicação à pecuária leiteira”, In: VI CONVIBRA, 4, São Paulo, Anais... (Resumo), 2009.

8. C. Barcellos, W. Ramalho, “Situação atual do geoprocessamento e da análise de dados espaciais em saúde no Brasil”, Informática Pública, Belo Horizonte, vol. 4, n. 2, 2002, pp. 221-230.

9. Caten, R. S. D. Dalmolin, F. A. Pedron, M. L. Mendonça‑Santos, “Estatística multivariada aplicada à diminuição do número de preditores

no mapeamento digital do solo”, Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, vol. 46, n. 5, 2011, pp. 554-562.

10. Brasil, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Secretaria Nacional de Defesa Agropecuária, Departamento de Sanidade

Agropecuária, (2015, Jun 20), “Portaria nº 50 de 19 de maio de 1997”. Available: http://sistemasweb.agricultura.gov.br/sislegis/action/detalhaAto.do?method=consultarLegislacaoFederal

11. Panaftosa, Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, (2015, Dez 10), “Sistema de vigilância ativa em zonas fronteiriça com base em análise

de risco: Proposta Metodológica”. Available: http://ww3.panaftosa.org.br/Comp/MAPA/432844.pdf

12. J. H. Zar, “Biostatistical Analysis”, 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall, 1999, p. 663.

13. Brasil. “Posicionamento global por satélite, uma ferramenta essencial na produção da defesa sanitária animal”, SDA, DAS, Ministério de

Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Brasília, 2005, pp. 71-81. 14. FAO, Food na Agrculture Organization, “Aplicación de SIG em la epidemiologia de Fiebre Aftosa em la Argentina”, Of. Reg. América

Latina y el Caribe, Santiago, Chile, 2005, p. 72.

15. V. L. Saraiva, “Bases metodológicas para caracterização de risco”, Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, vol. 21, n. 5, 1999, pp. 188-191.

16. R. A. Medronho, G. L. Werneck, “Epidemiologia”, p.427-446. In: R. A. Medronho, D. M. Carvalho, K. V. BLOCH, R. R. Luiz, G. L.

WERNECH, (Eds), Técnicas de Análise Espacial em Saúde, São Paulo: Editora Atheneu. 2006. 17. C. N. Inês, “Febre aftosa e sua importância socioeconômica”, 2008, p. 26, Monografia (Especialização e Latu sensu em Inspeção e

Higiene de Produtos de Origem Animal). Universidade Castelo Branco, Rio de Janeiro, 2008.

18. C. L. Gwyther, A. P. Williams, P. N. Golyshin, G. Edwards-Jones, D. Jones, “The environmental and biosecurity characteristics of livestock carcass disposal methods: A review”, Waste management. vol. 31, 2011, pp. 767–778.

19. Maranhão, Agência Estadual de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Maranhão, Coordenadoria de Defesa Animal, (2016, Nov 10),

“Eventos Agropecuários”, São Luís: AGED-MA. Available: http://www.aged.ma.gov.br/eventos-agropecuarios/ 20. DNIT, Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes, (2016, Nov 18), “Relatório dos levantamentos funcionais das rodovias

federais”. Available: http://www.dnit.gov.br/download/planejamento-e-pesquisa/planejamento/evolucao-da-malha-

rodoviaria/Relatorio%20SGP%202011-2012.pdf 21. IBGE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, (2016, Jan 18), “Estados”, Available:

http://www.ibge.gov.br/estadosat/perfil.php?lang=&sigla=ma

22. Vale, Mineradora Vale, (2016, Jan 10), “Trem de passageiros da Estrada de Ferro Carajás” Available: http://www.vale.com/brasil/PT/business/logistics/railways/Passenger-Train-Service-Carajas/Paginas/default.aspx

23. M. Pituco, (2015, Jun 10), “A importância da Febre Aftosa em Saúde Pública”, Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Animal, Instituto biológico, São Paulo, 2005. Available: http://www.biologico.sp.gov.br/artigos_ok.php?id_%20artigo%20=17

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