issn : 2454-9150 design and thermal analysis of thermoelectric...

International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM)

ISSN : 2454-9150 Vol-04, Issue-12, Mar 2019

500 | IJREAMV04I1248124 DOI : 10.18231/2454-9150.2019.0177 © 2019, IJREAM All Rights Reserved.

Design and Thermal Analysis of Thermoelectric

Generator for Direct Power Generation from

Municipal Waste Garbage

Navnath D. Ganjwe, M. Tech (HPE), Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, SSPACE, Wardha,

India, [email protected]

Sandip S. Jawre, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, SSPACE, Wardha, India,

[email protected]

Abstract Recently an increasing amount of municipal inorganic waste garbage causes hazardous effect on environment

and living beings. The reserves of fossil fuels will be going on depleting and cost of unit electricity has increasing to

unpredictable levels. In this innovative research, used thermoelectric generator (TEG) for direct power generation

from municipal inorganic waste garbage and use as renewable and green energy resource. In any power plant required

large amount of water, fossil fuel, for power generation and there is many losses and overall power output is low.

Required 5-10 tone of primary fuel and 8-10 hours for starting power plant. But in this power generation research

don’t required fossil fuel, any primary fuel free from mechanical and vibrational losses and there is immediate starting

and direct power generation. Experimentation using 100 grams of inorganic waste garbage burnt into 33 cm3 of heating

zone with water cooling and Two TEG model SP1848-27145 connected in series and increasing temperature of hot plate

is about 120 and cold plate is 33 produces temperature difference of 87 in time period of 150 sec and using

only 80mm×40mm area of hot plate produced 0.87 Watt of power. If using all four faces of 33 cm3 of heating zone as

hot plate and connecting 192 TEG in series generate 83 watts of power only in 100 gram of inorganic waste garbage,

temperature difference of 87 and time period of 150 second.

Keywords — Heat, Inorganic waste garbage, Thermoelectric generator, thermoelectric materials, thermoelectric power

generation, Environmental.

I. INTRODUCTION

Recently we are depending upon fossil fuels for maximum

electricity generation. However, the reserves of fossil fuels

will be going on depleting [1] since oil and gas are the least

sources. Recent years, cost of unit electricity has increasing

to unpredictable levels due the less supply of oil, gas, and

coal. In this research found that the use the municipal

inorganic waste garbage as renewable energy source and

using TEG generate direct power from municipal inorganic

waste garbage. This is based on the principles of Seebeck

[4] effect [8]. Typically, semiconductors are used in TE

couples because they can be doped with Additional

electrons [8] or electron holes, [10] creating species to

increase the Seebeck coefficient. Normal metal conductors

have smaller coefficients due to equilibrium of positive and

negative charges in the material that would induce the

thermoelectric voltage. A larger amount of charge carriers

on the hot side of the material results in a higher

thermoelectric voltage, and hence semiconductors are

optimum for TE devices. Thermoelectric materials are

gauged by their figure of merit, which represents their

Quality of performance [2] or efficiency, and is defined by

the following:

Where, α =Seebeck coefficient, σ = electrical conductivity,

k = thermal conductivity [11].

Fig 1: Thermoelectric generator [2]

2

z




A single thermoelectric couple is constructed from two

„pellets‟ [3] of semiconductor [13] material made from

[14], Bismuth Telluride, [12] (Bi2Te3) [9]. One of these

pellets is doped with acceptor impurity to create a P-type

pellet and the other is doped with donor impurity to produce

an N-type pellet. The two pellets are physically linked with

a small strip of copper, and mounted between two ceramic

outer plates that provide electrical isolation and structural

integrity. If a temperature difference is maintained between

two sides of the thermoelectric couple [7], thermal energy

will move through the device with this heat the electrical

voltage, called the Seebeck voltage, will be created. If a

resistive load is connected across the thermoelectric [5]

couple‟s output terminals, electrical current will flow in the

load and a voltage (V) will be generated at the load.

Practical thermoelectric modules are constructed with

several of these thermoelectric couples connected

electrically in series and thermally in parallel.

A. Municipal Inorganic Waste Garbage for Power

Generation

Inorganic waste garbage material is non-biodegradable and

synthetic and semi-synthetic materials create large harmful

effect on leaving beings and environment, required huge

amount of management. This inorganic waste garbage is

collected and we directly use in this model with zero

pollution and produce direct power using TEG.

Fig 2: Municipal Inorganic Waste Garbage

Different inorganic materials used are Plastic bags, Plastic,

Cans, Food packaging, plastic Medicine bottles, Fertilizer

and pesticide containers, Tea and coffee cups, Tyres,

Rubber items, plastic water glass, plastic water bottle, water

pouch etc.

B. Advantages of Thermoelectric Power Generator

1. TEGs are solid-state device, which means that they

have no moving parts during their operations.

2. They are simple and compact.

3. TEG can convert heat directly into electricity.

4. They have small size and virtually weightless.

5. No noise: They can be used in any orientation and in

zero gravity environments. Thus, they are popular

in many aerospace applications.

6. They are capable of operating at elevated

temperature.

7. They are environmentally friendly [6].

Thermoelectric generators produce no pollution.

Therefore, they are ecofriendly generators.

8. They are flexible power source.

9. TEG has long life.

10. High Reliability: Thermoelectric modules exhibit

very high reliability due to their solid-state

construction.

C. Advantages of Using Municipal Inorganic Waste

Garbage for Direct Power Generation

1. Zero waste city

2. Control ozone depletion.

3. Control greenhouse effect.

4. Control global warming.

5. Healthy human life.

6. Not landfilling and processing problem.

7. Healthy and secure animal life.

8. Alternative to fossil fuel.

9. Use as renewable energy source.

10. Reduced municipal waste management cost.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Prashantha K, Sonam Wango [1] they have found that

Smart Power Generation from Waste Heat by Thermo

Electric Generator. He has use Model TEC-12706, and in

This experimentation contains four TEG modules with

voltage booster and voltage regulating circuit use for

charging the mobile. And the result found that the

Temperature difference maintains approximate 100˚C and

charge the mobile battery. (3.7 volt and 5.70wh battery)

Arvind Karuppaiah [2] he has worked on “Fabrication and

Analysis of Thermo Electric Generator for Power

Generation”. model used of experimentation is Silicon and

Germanium (Si and Ge). He has Design and analysis the

TEG with the material used. The factors affecting the

efficiency of TEG are studied. The properties of the

material, efficiency of TEG & heat transfer in TEG are also

studied using Ansys. The result found that are I C Engine

run up to 60 min then max temp gives at silencer side is 175

˚C At this temp. the TEG generate output voltage is 17.50

v and this voltage get charge the battery 16.5 v (load

voltage).

M. G. Jadhav and J. S. Sidhu [3] have Design and

Fabricate Silencer Waste Heat Power Generation System

Using Thermo-Electric Generator. They fabricate and use

TEG for power generation from silencer waste heat. This

proposes and implements a waste heat recovery system

using a thermoelectric generator (TEG) designed for four

strokes I.C. engine. The system converts the waste heat

from the exhaust manifold into electrical energy using a

TEG. The output is then boosted by a Joule Thief converter

to run the required load or to charge a battery. The

experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system

recovers considerable amount of waste heat which can be

used to power some auxiliary automobile devices.

In which Two thermoelectric generators connected in series,

are placed on the hot copper plate acting hot junction, on

the other side of the TEG, the cold sink of aluminum is

connected. the bend exhaust pipe of the IC engine, a copper

plate 6 mm thick is welded to form the junction of the

thermo electric generator.




The TEG used in this experiment is operated between the

temperature range 40˚C to 150˚C as the engine run, the

silencer temperature reaches 150˚C. When the engine

operated at 2000rpm then the heat source attached on the

surface gets heated up to 118.2˚C in 9.3 minute and voltage

generated is 12 volts. Similarly, when engine runs at

4000rpm heat source get heated up to 127˚C in 5.95 minute

generate voltage is 12 volts. When engine run at 6000rpm

heat source is heated up to 106.3˚C in 2.43 minute and

generated 11.80 volts. The experimental setup uses only

two TEG‟s which are operated at maximum temperature

difference is 83.2˚C. And it is operated at maximum

temperature up to 100˚C. Thermocouples are attached on

the surface of the silencer pipe, the temperature recorded of

silencer pipe is average 130˚C when vehicle is running (on

road). If the silencers bend pipe temperature riches more

than 150˚C then it will require high temperature TEG

(200˚C). The main purpose of joule thief CKT is amplify

the voltage generated by TEG as TEG generate less voltage

and that voltage is not enough to operate electrical load.

The load connected across the system is led indicators,

electronic flasher, and electronic horn. Temperature

difference vs. voltage graph shows at 6000 rpm engine

speed in 146 second gives temperature difference is 67.3˚C

and at that point we got 12 volts. And at 6000 rpm engine

speed gives much higher temperature difference than

2000rpm and 4000 rpm. Making system more effective.

Tzer-Ming Jeng, Sheg Chung Tzeng, Bo-Jun Yang and

Yi-Chun Li [4] they have Design, Manufacture and takes

different Performance Test on Thermoelectric Generator

System for Waste Heat Recovery of Engine Exhaust. they

have used the Model TGM-287-1.0-1.5 and the

experimental setup contain 33.3cc four stroke single

cylinder IC engine, design TEG conversion system

(silencer), external air source (fan) for cooling and data

acquisition system. (Test ring). The result found that when

forced air cooling the temp. difference 117 ˚C with 4 TEG

connected in series generate 2.5watt power at an engine

speed of 5400 rpm.

P. Mohamed Shameer, D. Christopher [5] has worked on

Design of Exhaust Heat Recovery Power Generation

System Using Thermo-Electric Generator. In his

experimentation contain development of silencer model

using Ansys and it used 2- stroke IC engine with voltage

booster CKT for charging the battery. The result obtained

as TEG operated at temp. 80˚C to 200˚C to produce

0.02296 to 0.05740 volt using voltage booster it boosts 1.44

to 6.10 volt respectively. This is open CKT output volt.

Sana Ullah Khan [6] he has worked on “Electric power

generation from waste heat” and uses TEG model of

Bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3), In this system, waste heat is

applied to a TEG. Generated TEG power used for charging

the battery through bridge circuit. With applying a load

against the voltmeter and ampere meter for measuring

power. The result found are 3 TEG‟s were used in series

combination. This produces max. 4.2V at 75 ˚C.

Ming-Zhi Yang [7]. he has found the "Energy Harvesting

Thermoelectric Generators Manufactured Using the

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Process” This

experimental setup contain heater as a heat source to the

TEG, and the cooler for sink. A TR thermometer for the

temp difference between the hot and cold parts and The

LCR meter was used to measure the resistance; The

electrical meter recorded the output volt. of the TEG.

The result found is 33 TEG are constructed in series Area of

the generator is about 1,000 × 300 μm2.The experimental

results showed that the output power of the TEG was about

9.4 μW as the temperature difference of 15 K.

Anand P N, Anshad A, Aswin Joseph, Tobin Thomas,

Geo Eucharist James [8]. He worked on “Development of

Thermoelectric Generator. The model used is TEG 12610-

5.1, this experiment on single cylinder diesel 395 CC engine

the Hexagonal heat exchanger for six TEG modules, Hot

side Connected at exhaust of the automobile. Moreover,

cold side cooled by providing coolant single. The output

terminals of thermoelectric modules were connected in

series. at 84˚C temperature difference produces 6.2 volt and

0.25 amp (1.575 watt).

Vijay Krishna.N [9]. He found that the “Power Generation

from Exhaust Gas of Single Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel

Engine Using Thermoelectric Generator” and uses TEG

model of Bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3). This experimental

setup uses Four-stroke single cylinder diesel engine, TEG

module, Thermal paste at the heat sink and for measuring

uses multimeter, Temperature measurement device. The

result found is Power output at 100˚C is 2.4 volt and

1.61amp (2.79) watt

Adhithya k, Rajeshwar Anand, Balaji G., Harinarayana

J. [10]. They have worked on “Battery Charging Using

Thermoelectric Generation Module in Automobiles.” Uses

TEG model of Bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3). The

experimental setup of this project involves TEG modules

placed at the heat source. The output from this module is

given as the input to the boost converter, boosting the

voltage from TEG. Here no any heat sink and other cooling

system used. Booster voltage stored in battery and used

further for loads like CFL and fan.

The result found are Here two TEG used in series and

combination produces approximate 1.8 volt at 65 ˚C and

then boosted up to 12 volts.

Ajay chandravanshi [11] he has found that the “Waste

Heat Recovery from Exhaust gases through Internal

combustion Engine using Thermoelectric Generator, uses

material of TEG is Bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3) There are

two setups first is work up to 82 ˚C and second is work up

to 180˚C with water cooling system and heated by heater.

After that he mounts on IC engine. Result of this experiment

in first setup at 82 ˚C gives the max. power 0.9062 watt and

in second setup at 178.2 ˚C gives 1.72 watt.

Anchal Dewangan, Dr. N. K. Saikhedkar [12] they have

discussed the “Experimental analysis of Waste heat

recovery using TEG for an internal combustion Engine.”

Uses TEG material of Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3), It

contain IC engine which is vertical single cylinder water

cooled compression ignition type diesel engine coupled

with loading dynamometer. Test ring consist of temperature

meter, rpm meter, multimeters, burette (fuel consumption

measurement) etc. the result found are the maximum power

output at 1500 rpm with 20kg load and temperature

difference maintain 194˚C (water cooling of TEG cold side




constantly maintain at 16˚C and hot side temp 210˚C) gives

33.16-watt power output.

Mr. Sushil Kumar Sharma, Mr. Vishnu Prasad Sharma

[14] they are worked on “Experimental Investigation on

Thermoelectric Generator used for Exhaust Gas of a Four

Stroke S.I. Engine” This project involves conceptual model

of power generation from the exhaust gas of a four stroke

four-cylinder S.I. engine using a single Bi2Te3

thermoelectric generator at different gears and at different

cylinder cutoff. The output power from each cylinder of the

engine was investigated using Morse test. Thermoelectric

generator generates DC type of electric power depending

upon the temperature difference across the heat exchanger

and the amount of exhaust gas temperature on Seebeck

effect. An output voltage of 6.35V was generated using a

single Bi2Te3 thermoelectric generator for temperature

difference of about 35 . This power is useful for running

various accessories like head light, tail light, parking light,

door light etc. Use of thermoelectric generator also reduces

frictional power against alternator which in turns saves fuel

and increase the efficiency of the engine. Results obtained

from the present study states the concept of waste heat

recovery where power is obtained to fulfill various auxiliary

features.

Dongyi Zhou and Shi Chu-ping [15] they are Study on

thermoelectric material and thermoelectric generator. He

introduces basic principles of thermoelectric technology,

summarizes the latest advancement of thermoelectric

materials, illustrates the structure of thermoelectric

generator and way of heat radiation and discusses current

problems of thermoelectric power generation technology as

well as methods to improve its generation efficiency.

III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

The experimental setup is show in below figure 3. consist of

heating zone attached a hot plate on upper side and hot plate

is attached to lower faces of two TEG module connected in

thermally parallel and electrically in series. The upper faces

of TEG attached a cold plate which is attached to Colling

jacket containing cold water. The ash produced from

burning of inorganic waste is moved through wire net mount

to lower face of heating zone. Then finally ash is flowing

through inclined ash handling system provided at bottom of

heating zone. The probe of hot meter is attached to hot

plate, and probe of cold meter is put in cold water. The

voltmeter is connected after TEG module to monitor its

output voltage and ammeter is connected across load to

monitor current flowing through the load. The load of 3v dc

motor with four bladed fans is attached to output of TEG.

The 100 gram of inorganic waste containing plastics bag,

coffee cup, food packing, plastic water bottle, plastic water

glass, and wafers packing placed in heating zone and it

burned in period of 150 sec. Experimental setup has

following equipment and material.

Fig 3: Experimental setup

A. Heating Zone

Heating zone is made of galvanized sheet with 12 mm

square bar around it for supporting purpose. The

dimensions are 330 mm × 350 mm× 285 mm (l ×w× h) the

hot plate is mounted on upper side of heating zone. The

bottom side of heating zone is mild steel wire net for

removing ash after burning inorganic waste garbage. Using

closed chamber of heating zone environmental pollution,

smoke generated is totally controlled. Carbon formed in

these processes is totally deposited in bottom side of heating

zone. The designed heating zone of volume 33 cm3 and

capacity of burning one kg compact mass of inorganic waste

garbage. For large burning process hopper mechanism and

oxygen supply mechanism is used.

B. Hot Plate

The hot plate of dimensions 350mm×330mm with 1 mm

thickness and made up of galvanized sheet is used. The

thermal conductivity of hot plate is 18 W/ m.K. the two

TEG model SP1848-27145 is connected in series on upper

side of hot plate. Only 80mm× 40mm area is used for

mounting two TEG model. In experimentation the

maximum temperature of hot plate is going to 120 .

The capacity of hot plate is mounting 48 TEG module in

series. For maximum power generation heating zone of 4

faces is used as hot plate.

C. Heat Paste

Heat paste is a viscous fluid substance it has properties

similar to grease. It increases the thermal conductivity of the

thermal interface by filling the micro air-gaps. these air-

gaps present due to the imperfectly flat or smooth surfaces.

The heat paste is applied to the both the junctions of the

TEG in order to have smooth heat transfer. It is thermally

conductive but usually electrically insulating.

In this setup silicon based white colored compound is used

which can withstand temperature up to150 ˚C. A TIM is to

fill the valleys and gaps with a compressible material that

has a much higher thermal conductivity than the air gaps it

replaces. This essentially makes the entire interface transfer

heat instead of just where the peaks were contacting.




D. Thermoelectric Generator

Fig 4: Thermoelectric generator [3]

A thermoelectric generator shown in figure 4. is a

semiconductor based electronic module that converts heat

into electricity using a phenomenon called Seebeck effect.

Two thermoelectric generators connected in series are used

in the experimental setup. The thermoelectric module of

bismuth telluride having hot side temperature is up to150°C.

in experimentation the power output two of TEG module

connected in series is 0.87 watt at temperature difference 87

°C. There are two TEG connected thermally in parallel and

electrically in series for increasing voltage. Specification of

TEG. are

1. Model: SP1848-27145

2. Operating Temperature: -40 to 150°C

3. Cable Length: 20cm (approx.).

4. Principle: Seebeck effect.

5. Raw material: bismuth telluride.

6. Size: 40mmx40mmx3.4mm

7. Merit (Z): 2.5 ~ 3.0 × 10-3W / ℃

E. Cold Copper Plate

The cold plate is made up of copper with dimension

82mm×170mm and 1mm thickness. The cold plate is

mounted in between TEG module and cooling jacket. The

thermal conductivity of cold plate is 385 w/m. k and

transfer hot temperature to cooling jacket and cold

temperature to TEG. The cold plate is connected to TEG

with silicon-based heat paste and cooling jacket with

aerolite chemical for uniformly spreading temperature in

cold plate

F. Cooling Jacket

In experimentation using cooling jacket 85mm × 45mm

×25mm (l× w ×h) and taking 95.60 gram of water at

temperature of 13.5 initially. The cooling jacket of

volume 95625 mm3. it is connected to copper plate with

aerolite chemical and transferring cold temperature to cold

plate. For maximum power generation radiator cooling is

useful in which hot water from cooling jacker is send to the

radiator using motor and fan is mount on radiator absorb

atmospheric cold air and makes hot water cold then cold

water send to cooling jacket and the process is continuous.

In which water coolant is used. For power generation from

TEG the efficiency of water cooling is high as compare to

air cooling.

G. Voltmeter

The voltmeter connected after TEG module to monitor its

output voltage. The DT830D digital type voltmeters having

voltage monitoring capacity 200 V an accuracy ± 0.5% used

in the experimentation. The maximum voltage produced in

experimentation is indicated on voltmeter is 1.45V.

H. Ammeter

Ammeter connected across load to monitor current flowing

through the load. The DT830D digital type ammeter having

current monitoring capacity of 200 MA, having accuracy ±

1.2% and ± 2.0% respectively are used in the experimentation. The maximum current produced in

experimentation is indicated on ammeter is 0.60 amp.

I. Hot Side Digital Thermometer

It measures the temperature of hot plate. The range of hot

side digital thermometer is -50˚c to 200˚c and thermometers

have contact type probe. In experimentation hot meter

shows maximum temperature of 120 . Specification of hot

meter are

1. Measurement range: -50°C to 200°C OR -58° to

302°F

2. Resolution: 0.1° FOR -19.9° ~ +199.9°

3. Accuracy: ±1°C in the range -30°C ~ +150°C.

4. Battery: 1 X 1.5V "AAA" Size

J. Cold Side Digital Thermometer

It measures the cold temperature of cooling water. The

probe of cold meter is mounted in cooling jacket for

measuring exact cold temperature. cold side digital

thermometer range is -50˚c to 99˚c and thermometers

have contact type probe. In experimentation cold meter

shows maximum temperature of 33 .

Digital Thermometer-50°c +99°c Celsius

Degrees Embedded Temperature Sensor 2-Meter-Long

Wire Indoor Outdoor. Specification of cold meter are

1. Temperature Range: -50°c ~ 99°c.

2. Accuracy: ± 1 ° c (-30°c ~ +40°c)

3. Operating Temperature: -5° c to + 50° c.

4. Humidity: 5% to 80%

5. This item only has the °C display.

6. Dimension: 48 x 28.6 x 14.3mm.

7. Display size: 36 x 16mm.

8. Power Supply: two button batteries (battery type:

LR44/AG13 voltage: 1.5V)

K. Load

In experimentation 3v dc motor connected to output of TEG

and attached a fan of diameter 30 mm with 4 blades made

up of plastic. If using battery, the generated power is stored

and used as later as per application of load. Specification of

load are

1.Body size: 25mm ×18mm× 15mm (l× w×h)

2. Shaft size:10mm× 2mm diameter

3.weight with fan :13.5gram

4. Speed :450 rpm 500 rpm




5. operating range:1.5v 3v

6. Current :0.5 amp

7. Starting power: 0.5 watt

L. Wire net

In which use wire net of dimension 350mm×330mm for

removing ash formed in heating zone. The removed ash is

move to ash handling system. In wire net has 5 mm square

hole for removing ash. The wire net is made up of mild

steel.

M. Ash Handling and Management

The removed ash from wire net is move on inclined ash

handling system to bottom tray. The ash handling system is

inclined to 28.80 to horizontally downward over a length of

400 mm for removing ash fastly. The formed ash is used for

again power generation using ash with salt solution and

anodic and cathodic reaction. The new advanced technic of

ash management is for making bricks, road construction and

blocks

IV. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

The 100 gram of inorganic waste containing plastics bag,

coffee cup, food packing, plastic water bottle, plastic water

glass, and wafers packing placed in heating zone. The

closed heating zone is used for zero environmental

pollutions. The waste garbage is burn in heating zone as

time increases the temperature of hot plate is increases and

developed heat is transferred to two TEG model which is

connected in thermally parallel and electrically in series.

The cold water of initial temperature 13.5 is put into

cooling jacket. The maximum temperature of hot plate is

increases as 120 in 150sec and cold water of temperature

increases to 33 and generate temperature difference of

87 and produced power of 0.87 watt directly using only

80 mm × 40 mm of area of hot plate out of 350mm ×

330mm of area. As the temperature difference increases the

load connected across the TEG is start running. The cold

copper plate is used in between TEG model and cooling

jacket for maintaining low temperature of upper face of

TEG by transferring heat to cooling jacket. The ash

generated is drop down through wire net and moving into

tray by inclined ash handling system. The temperature of

hot plate is measured by hot meter and temperature of cold

water measured by cold meter, voltmeter monitor voltage of

TEG module and ammeter measure current flowing to the

load.

V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

Experimental Result of Thermoelectric Generator for

direct Power Generation from Municipal Waste Garbage

using water cooling and 100 grams of Inorganic waste and

two TEG model connected in series is shown in figure 5.

Figure 5: Experimental result

VI. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS GRAPH

A. Power Vs Temperature Difference Graph

Fig 6: Power Vs Temperature Difference

The graph shows in figure 6. Temp Difference (∆t) in˚c

from 0 to 100 on horizontal „X‟ axis and on „Y‟ axis shows

the Power in Watt from 0 to 1 watt. Above graph show the

relation between Power and Temperature. Also, the graph in

figure 6. shows that power is increases as temperature

differences is increases and maximum power 0.87 watt is

obtained at maximum temperature difference of 87 ˚c. we

conclude from these the power is directly proportional to

temperature difference.

B. Power Vs Time Graph

The graph shows figure 7. temp in sec from 0 to 160 on

horizontal „X‟ axis. And on „Y‟ axis shows the Power in

Watt from 0 to 1 watt. Also, the graph in figure 7. shows

that power is increases as time increases and maximum

power 0.87 watt is obtained at maximum time of 150 sec.,

we conclude from these the power is directly proportional to

time.

Fig 7: Power Vs Time




C. Temperature Difference Vs time

Fig 8: Temperature Difference Vs time

The graph shows in figure 8. temp in sec from 0 to 160 on

horizontal „X‟ axis. And on „Y‟ axis shows the Temp

Difference (∆t) in˚c from 0 to 100. Also, the graph in figure

8. shows that Temperature Difference is increases as time

increases and maximum Temperature Difference 87˚c is

obtained at maximum time of 150 sec., we conclude from

these the Temperature Difference is directly proportional to

time.

VII. DESIGN AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF

MODEL

A. Design of Model

Design of Thermoelectric Generator for direct Power

Generation from Municipal Waste Garbage using CATIA

V5R21 is shown in figure 8.

Fig 8: Design of Model

B. Thermal Analysis of Model

Thermal Analysis of Thermoelectric Generator for direct

Power Generation from Municipal Waste Garbage using

ANSYS 18.1 is shown as follows. The result of

Temperature Flow Analysis is shown in fig 9, the result of

Total Heat Flux Analysis is shown in fig 10 and the result of

Directional Heat Flux Analysis is shown in fig 11.

Fig 9: Result of Temperature Flo w Analysis

Fig 10: Result of Total Heat Flux Analysis

Fig 11: Result Directional Heat Flux Analysis




VIII. CONCLUSION

1. Experimentation using 100 grams of inorganic

waste garbage burning in 33 cm3

heating zone and

two TEG module connected in series and using

water cooling produces 0.87 watt.

2. . If using all four faces of 33 cm3 of heating zone as

hot plate and connecting 192 TEG in series

generate 83 watts of power only in 100 gram of

inorganic waste garbage, temperature difference of

87 and time period of 150 second.

3. Experimentally it is found that using TEG, the

generated power either directly used to run some

auxiliary devices or may be stored in the battery

and used later.

4. The research investigates as temperature difference

increases the generated power will be increases.

5. If high temperature range is required then TEG

module changed to higher temperature range.

Thus, the above stated system may be successfully

implemented for large power generation.

6. Generating direct power from municipal inorganic

waste garbage to control hazardous effect on

environment.

7. Using these types of model in all cities control the

inorganic west management problem, increases the

life of all living being and supply power to all one

and makes zero waste city and green city.

8. Highly suitable for immediate starting and generate

instant power for domestic purpose.

REFERENCES

[1] Prashantha K, Sonam Wango (2017). Smart Power

Generation from Waste Heat by Thermo Electric

Generator. IJMPE, ISSN: 2320-2092,

[2] Aravind Karuppaiah, Ganesh‟s Dileepan. T,

Jayabharathi.S (2014). Fabrication and Analysis of

Thermo Electric Generator for Power Generator.

(IJIRSET) ISSN (online)-2319-8753.

[3] M. G. Jadhav and J. S. Sidhu (2017). Design and

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