issues and answers with turfgrass ronald calhoun [email protected] [email protected] michigan state...
TRANSCRIPT
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
“Pesticides are a shortcut to cultural
practices.”-the Yard Doctor, 2006
My Perfect Lawn
Today
Species
Turfgrasses of Michigan: Characteristics and Adaptation
Turfgrass Species
Recommended -----------------Relative Tolerance-----------------Mowing Height
NitrogenRegime
Irrigation Requirement
Heat Cold Drought Shade Wear (inches) Per year
Kentucky bluegrass Yes Fair Good Medium Poor Medium 2 - 4 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Tall Fescue Yes Good Poor Excellent Good Good 2.5 - 4 Low to Medium(1 to 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Perennial Ryegrass Yes PoorVeryPoor
Fair Fair Good 1.5 - 2.5 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Annual Ryegrass Yes*VeryPoor
VeryPoor
VeryPoor
Poor Poor 1.5 - 2 Medium to High(2 to 6 lbs. N) Yes
Fine FescuesSheep, Creeping Red,
Hard
Yes Fair Medium Good Excellent Poor 1.5 - 3 Low(< 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Zoysiagrass No Excellent Medium Excellent Good Excellent 0.5 - 1.5 Low to Medium(1 to 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Buffalograss No Excellent Medium ExcellentVeryPoor
Fair 2 or > Low(< 2 lb.s N) Seldom
Bermudagrass No Excellent Poor Good Poor Excellent 0.5 - 1.5 High (6 lbs. N or >) Yes
* Only as a temporary cover during establishment.
Bunch Type -Tillers
Stoloniferous - Stolons
Rhizomatous -Rhizomes
My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species
Jim Dandy Lawn Fertilizer20 - 10 - 10
Guaranteed AnalysisTotal Nitrogen (N)..................................... 20%
Ammoniacal Nitrogen......................... 5%Urea.................................................... 15%
Available Phosphate (P2O5)....................... 10%Soluble Potash........................................... 10%
Derived from: Urea Nitrogen, AmmoniumPhosphate, Muriate of Potash.Equivalent to: 700 lbs CaCO3
Net Wt. 50 lbs
Text
J.T. Dandy Fertilizer Company4444 Farm Lane
East Lansing, MI 48824
TreatmentCrabgras
s
1.5” height 317
3” height 93
1.5” heightHoliday plan
129
3” heightHoliday plan
7
Lawn Weed BMP II (2 Lawn Weed BMP II (2 years)years)
MSU Soil Test Reports
2001-2002 Summary of 500 Samples
apply 0.5-1.0 lb P2O5
apply 1.5-2.0 lb P2O5
no apps.
My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
6”
4”
4.5”
3” 3”
2”
1.5”1”
The One-Third RuleThe One-Third Rule
Desir
ed
Mow
ing
Heig
ht
Mow
ing
follow
ing
1/3
Ru
le
Plant response to mowing heights
Continual Scalping
6”
•Kentucky bluegrass
•Mowing Height
•2 or 4 inches
•Fertilizer Program
•None or Holiday Plan (3# N/M/YR)
•Herbicide Treatment
•None, Trimec Classic or Confront
BMP plots at MSUBMP plots at MSU
2”, non-fertilized2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized4”, non-fertilized
4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR N/M/YR 4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR, Trimec N/M/YR, TrimecPictures from May 10, 2004
2”, non-fertilized2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized4”, non-fertilized
4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR N/M/YR 4”, 34”, 3## N/M/YR, Trimec N/M/YR, TrimecPictures from Jul 13, 2004
DANDELION CLOVER
2002 2002
2” ONLY 94 65
4” ONLY 70 25
2” HOLIDAY 35 15
4” HOLIDAY 22 10
2” TRIMEC 3 5
4” TRIMEC 7 2
2” CONFRONT 1 4
4” CONFRONT 1 1
2” HOLIDAY TRIMEC 1 0
4” HOLIDAY TRIMEC 2 0
2” HOLIDAY CONFRONT 0 0
4” HOLIDAY CONFRONT 1 0
BMP Results (five BMP Results (five years)years)
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
Irrigation
My Perfect Lawn
Today
Fertility
Species Mowing Height
Irrigation
Cultivation
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
Root Feeding Insects
Grubs:
Japanese beetle
European chafer
June beetle
Black turfgrass ataenius
Aphodius granarius
Japanese Beetle-Larvae
Damage: Feed on roots in May and early
June and again in Sept. and October Moisture stress causes damaged turf to turn brown
Appearance: White C-shaped grubs to 1”
Threshold: 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf 5-10 per sq. ft. on non-irrigated turf
Japanese Beetle-Adult
Adults emerge in July - early August.
Dark metallic green beetle, half inch long.
Adults feed on wide range of ornamentals.
Eggs deposited in turf July - August.
Japanese Beetle
Larvae mature to 1/2 to 1 in. late Sept.
Damaged turf may die from root pruning.
Grubs move deeper into soil to overwinter.
Larvae pupate to beetles following June.
Japanese Beetle
Skunks and raccoons may rip up turf looking for larvae.
Irrigated turf has a tremendous ability to recover.
Monitor populations.
Insecticides should be watered-in to reach the larvae.
Japanese Beetle
Control is highly variable. 50 to 80% control Check 3 weeks after treatment
Beetle traps do not provide control. Biological insecticides.
Variable results Check for latest efficacy information and new products
European Chafer-Larvae
Damage: Feed on roots in early May - June
and again in Sept. - Oct. Damaged turf may turn brown
Appearance: White C-shaped grub up to 1”
Threshold: 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf 5-10 per sq. ft. on un-irrigated turf
European Chafer-Adult
Light brown, stout body, clubbed antennae, half in. long
Adults emerge in late June and July - about 2 weeks earlier than Japanese beetle
Similar one year life cycle
European Chafer Information
Grubs feed longer in the fall (early Nov.) and return to the surface sooner (early April) than JB.
Damage threshold and control similar to Japanese beetle.
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
Preemergence Barrier
Pick a date?Pick a date?
20012001 20022002
Crabgrass emergence by month.Crabgrass emergence by month.
May51%
May0%
Soil temp better…Soil temp better…
20012001 20022002
Crabgrass emergence by month.Crabgrass emergence by month.
60-70 degrees F85%
<60 degrees F0%
60-70 degrees F66%
Tunnel through the soil looking for grubs, earthworms, other insects and animals.
Surface can be disrupted by raised ridges and soil piles.
Moles
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
www.msuturfweeds.netwww.msuturfweeds.net
Weed ID on the Weed ID on the WEBWEB
Top Ten List
•Crabgrass
•Moles
•Broadleaf Weeds
•Mulching Leaves
•Organic
•Renovation
•Fertilizer
•Mowing
•Watering
•Grubs
What is organic?
What is natural?
What is a chemical?
Define the terms...
Establish the goals...
Everything in life has risk...
Relative ToxicityProduct LD50 (mg/kg)Gasoline 40Caffeine 150Aspirin 1200
Table Salt 3000Vinegar 3000
Glufosinate 5000Glyphosate 10000
www.turf.msu.eduwww.turf.msu.edu
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