FUNDAMENTALS OF OBJECT–ORIENTED

PROGRAMMINGJAVA PROGRAMMING

Introduction

• OOP is an approach that provides a way of modularizing programs by creating partitioned memory area for both data and functions that can be used as templates for creating copies of such modules on demand.

• This means that means that an object is considered to be partitioned area of computer memory that stores data and a set of operations that can access the data.

Object-Oriented Paradigm

• Some of the features of object oriented paradigm are: -

Emphasis is on data rather than procedure.

Programs are divided into what are known as objects.

Data structures are designed such a way that can characterize the objects.

Method that operates on the data of an object is tied together in the data

structure.

Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external function.

Object may communicate with each other through methods.

Follows bottom up approach in the program design.

Basic Concepts of Object-Oriented

Programming

Object and classes

Data abstraction and encapsulation

Inheritance

Polymorphism

• Dynamic binding

• Message communication

Benefits of OOP

OOPS offers several benefits to both the program designer and the user. Some of them are as follows:-• Software complexity can be easily managed.• Object oriented system can easily upgrade.• It is easy to partition data in the project on the basis of objects.• With the help of inheritance, we can easily eliminate redundant

code and extend the use of existing code.• The principle of data hiding helps the programmer to build secure

programs.• Message passing technique makes interface descriptions with

external system much simpler.

Application of OOP

• Some of the application areas of OOPs is as follows: -

Real time systems.

Simulation and modeling

Object oriented databases

Hypertext, hypermedia and expertext

AI and expert systems.

CIM/CAD/CAD systems