TitlePage number

What physics is3

Do you know physical quantity around us ?4

Is there any different in physical quantity ?5

How do I write big and small numbers in simplest form ?6

What are the other instrument use to measure length besides meter rule?7

Uncertainty in measurement ?8

Scientific Investigation9

Properties of measurement you should know10

What physics isPhysics

Reference book

Momentum

Forming of rainbow

Mirage

Physics

Textbook

Motion

Force

Understanding

Physics

Measurement

CareerEnergy

HeatHASNIDIDo you know physical quantity around us ?Physics

Reference book

Length

Unit

Volume

Area

Physics

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MassTime

Base quantity

Physical quantity

Derived quantity

`Weight

Temperature

Density

Electric current

Magnitude

Momentum

Force

HASNIDI 4

Physics

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Magnitude

Only

Unit

Magnitude and direction

Physics

Textbook

Speed

VelocityScalar quantity

Physical quantity

Vector quantity

Distance

DisplacementMass

Number

Weight

HASNIDI5

Using letter

Tera, T, 1012

Physics

Reference book

Big number

A x 10n

Physics

Textbook

Giga, G, 109Mega, M, 106

1 A < 10Kilo, k, 103Deci, d, 10-1Centi, c, 10-2Milli, m, 10-3

Prefixes

Indices

Standard form

2.1 x 108Micro, , 10-6

Small number

1.37 x 10-13Nano, n, 10-9Pico, p, 10-12

HASNIDIVernier Callipers

Micrometer Screw Gauge

Inner jaw Outer jaw Main scale Vernier scale Screw

Tail

Anvil Spindle Main scale

Vernier scale Sleeve Thimble

Ratchet

7

Physics

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Surrounding

Cannot be avoid

Constant

Physics

Textbook

Observer

InstrumentRandom error

Can be minimized

Systematic error

Parallax

PositiveTime reaction

Uncertainty

Negative

HASNIdi

Making an

observation

Make an inference

Formulate a hypothesis

Conduct the

experiment

Tabulate data Analysing data Writing report

Graph Conclusion

Properties of measurement you should knowMeasurementConsistency

Accuracy SensitivitySame reading Small relative deviation Can be accurate

Actual value

On the target

Small change Respond quickly Small scale

Title

Your positionPage number

12

Your movement13

Equation of Linear Motion14

How do we analyse movement ?15

Tendency of an object in their motion16

When there is action, there is reaction17

What make an object changes ?18

The effects of impulsive force19

Is save to drive a car ?20

What makes you fall ?21

How a ship made of iron floats in the sea ?22

Type of energy around us23

Factors that affect the elasticity of a spring (i)24

Factors that affect the elasticity of a spring (ii)25

Your positionPhysics

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Length

Physics

Textbook

Total length of the path

Specific direction

Distance

Change inposition

Displacement

Scalar quantity

Vector quantityUnit

metreHASNIDIYour movementPhysics

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Fast

Physics

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Distance

Time

Displacement

Time

Speed

Slow

Velocity

Scalar quantity

Vector quantityUnit m s-1HASNIDIEquation of Linear Motion Equation of linear motion Condition

v = u + at2 asNo s is given

s = ut + at2 asNo v is given

v = u + at2No t is given

s 1 (u v)t as 2 No a is given

How do we analyse movement ?

Motion GraphDisplacement against time

Velocity against time Acceleration against timeDisplacement

Total distance

Time interval

Initial velocity

Final Velocity

Time interval

Acceleration

Deceleration

Time intervalGradient = Velocity

Gradient = AccelerationArea = Displacement

Tendency of an object in their motionPhysics

Reference book

Physics

TextbookNon-physical quantity

Animal shakes their body to dry wet fur

Property of matter

Mass

Inertia

Run in zigzag pattern when we chased by a bull

Give a quick downward shake to chilli sauce bottle to force chilli sauce out

of the bottleHASNIDI

MomentumElastic collision

Apart after collision

Inelastic collision ExplosionCombine after collision Initially at rest and in contactMomentum conserve Kinetic energy conserve m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2

Momentum conserve Kinetic energy not conserved m1u1 + m2u2 = ( m1 + m2)V

Momentum conserve Kinetic energy not conserve (m1 + m2)u= m1v1+ m2v2Physics

Reference book

Physics

TextbookChange the shapeChange the size

Change the speed

Effects of force

`Change the state of motion

Change the direction of motion

HASNIDIPhysics

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Crushes the food

Time of impact

Serious injuries

During accident

Physics

Textbook

Drives the nail

Into woodPositive

F mv mu t

Negative

Defecting an object

Kicking a

footballDrives pile into

The ground

Change in momentum

Destroying an object

HASNIDI

Physics

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Safety seat belt

Shatter-proof

Glass windscreen

Soft Headrests

Physics

Textbook

Tyres with tread

ABS Break systems

Safety features

In vehicles

Passenger safety case

Rear and front crumple zone

Padded dashboard

Rear and front

bumper HASNIDI

Physics

Earth

g = 10 m s-2g = 10 N kg-1

Moon

g = 5/3 m s-2

Physics

Textbook

Reference book

W = mg

g = 5/3 N kg-1v2 = u2

+ 2gt

Gravity

To the centre

s = ut + gt2

Vector quantityv = u + gt

Free fallHASNIDIPhysics

Reference book

F`yF

F`x

Inclined plane

Newtons third law

Horizontal plane

R

Physics

Textbook

Fx = F sin

Resolution of forces

Forces in equilibrium

F2 F1Fy = F cos

Addition of forces

R

Friction WResultant force = 0WHASNIDI WorkGravitational energyForce

Power

Energy

Efficiency

Kinetic energy

Elastic potential energy

Heat energy

Sound energy Chemical energy Electrical energy

Longer spring

FlexibleBigger diameter

Of coil

Replace frequently

Made from copper

Weak

spring system

Breaks easily

Made from thin

wire

High maintenance

Arranged in series

Spring easily extend

Factors that affect the elasticity of a spring (ii)Shorter spring

Not flexibleSmaller diameter

Of coil

Seldom replace

Made from steel

Strong

spring system

Does not breaks easily

Made from thick

wire

Low maintenance

Arranged in parallel

Spring does not easily extend

Title Page number

Can you feel and see the pressure? 27

Physics Principles Involve of Forces and Pressure 28

Can you feel and see the pressure?

PressureSolid

Liquid GasDepend on contact area

Depend on the weight

Bigger weight, higher pressure

Smaller contact area, higher pressure

P F A

Depend on the depth Depend on density of the liquid Depend on the strength of gravity

Immersed more, higher pressure

Higher density, higher pressure

P = hg

Depend on temperature

Depend on volume Depend on number of particles Higher temperature, higher pressure Sma ller volume, higher pressure

Many gas particles, higher pressure

Higher altitude, lower pressure

Physics Principles Involve of Forces and Pressure

PrinciplePascal

Archimedes BernoulliEnclosed system

Pressure transmitted equally

Involve of piston

Involve of floating object

Involve of immersed object

In liquid and in gas

Involve of liquid flow

Involve of gas flow

High speed area = Low pressure areaApply in fluid

Weight of fluid displaces = Buoyant force F1

F2 A1 A2

Title Page number

Why do hot drinks cool if left over? 30

Why there is changes in themperature while boilling water then it fixed at 100 oC ? 31

The Gas Laws 32

Why do hot drinks cool if left over?Physics

Reference book

Thermometer

Energy transferred

Rate of heat flow = 0

Physics

Textbook

Two fixed points

Lower fixed point, l0 = ice point

Thermal equilibrium

Hot ColdUpper fixed point, l100 = steam point

Warmxo lx l0

l100 l0HASNIDIWhy there is changes in themperature while boilling water then it fixed at 100 oC ?Physics

Reference book

Heat involved

Physics

Textbook

J kg-1 oC-1

J kg-1Heat absorbedSpecific heat capacity

Specific latent heat

No changes in temperature

Heat lostChanges in temperature

Mass involved

Use to changes The state of matter

HASNIDIThe Gas LawsGas Law

Condition

Boyles Law asP1V1 = P2V2

Charles Law asV1 V2

Pressure Law

P1 P2

as Universal Gas Law

PV P V 1 1 2 2 Temperature = constant

T1 T2

T1 T2

T1 T2Pressure = constant

Volume = Constant

Title Page number

Does the image in the mirror is really like you?34

Does star really blinked as seen from the earth?35

Reflection of Refraction ?36

Forming total internal reflection (shine like a diamond)37

Image formed by convev lens38

Image formed by concave lens39

Does the image in the mirror is really like you?Physics

Reference book

Convex mirror

Plane mirror

Concave mirror

Physics

Textbook

Changes in light direction

Shiny surface

Angle of reflection

Reflection of light

Focal point

Normal lineAngle of incidenceHASNIDI

Physics

Reference book

Two different mediums

Transparent medium

Snells Law

Physics

Textbook

Critical angleChanges in light direction

Angle of refraction

Refraction of light

Speed changed

Total internal reflectionAngle of incidence

Apparent depth

Normal lineReal depthHASNIDI

Physics

Reference book

Angle of reflection

Light

Angle of

Refraction

Physics

Textbook

Direction changed

Angle of incidence

Speed changed

Reflection of light

Refraction of light

i = r

Images

n sin isin rShiny surface

Normal line

Two different mediums

HASNIDILight travelled from air to glass

Light experienced refraction away from

normal

A new incident angle at the boundary of

glass-airAir less optical

densityAdjust the angle of incident at the boundary of

air-glass

Until all the light at the boundary glass-air

reflected into glass

Total internal reflection occur

Air less optical density

From the object, draw a ray parallel to principal axis to the lens.

From the lens, the ray refracted to pass through

focal point

From the object, draw a ray go through the centre

of lens.The ray does not bending when pass through the

centre of lens.

Identify the intersection Draw the image point from the two rays.

Magnified or diminished

Real or virtual

From the object, draw a ray parallel to principal axis to the lens.

From the lens, the ray refracted and appear to

come from focal point

From the object, draw a ray go through the centre

of lens.The ray does not bending when pass through the

centre of lens.

Identify the intersection Draw the image point from the two rays.

Magnified or diminished

Real or virtual

Measuring instrument

Identifying variables

Manipulated

Responding

Constant

10

Newtons third law

Resolution of forces

Addition of forces

Resultant force = 0

Newtons third law

Resolution of forces

Addition of forces

Resultant force = 0

Newtons third law

Resolution of forces

Addition of forces

Resultant force = 0