groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 field theory i 2nd lecture 2. classical field theory...

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2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2 nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fr ed swear Field ) = 中川 : are al value d function of Space Time . p coordinate xn Lorentz transformations x ' M = ベン ) 4 %) = d ' ( = ) vectorfu_ee.ws " として ただ the same Point in Spagna UM La ) - 7 V " ( N) = 1 Mv ( x ) 9 9 ( x) ( a - 1 N ) 4 9 ( x ) rs 4'9 I = D ( けい ) Lorentz Group t Translation = Paine are groups ( 1 M = AM x Nt a M t constant

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Page 1: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

2020/06/26 Field Theory I2nd Lecture

2. Classical Field Theory

scalarfield_se.fred swear Field)=

中川 : areal valued function of Space Time. pcoordinate xn の

面 が、Lorentz transformations で → x' M = ベンが

中は) → 4%の) = d'(べ甥

母 = 知)

vectorfu_ee.ws"としてただthe same

Point in SpagnaUM La) -7 V" (N) = 1Mv ん( x)

99 (x) ( a - 1 、 一 、 N )

4 9(x) rs 4'9I = D(べけい)・ Lorentz Group t Translation = Painearegroups(

1 M = AM 、 xNt aM

tconstant

Page 2: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

CIassicalfieldtheory_classic.atMechanics

a Particle , q coordinate

La , I) Lag rang i anな

S = fdt Llq 、 で ) actions

ti

Action principle ( Hamilton's principle)

qH) → qい +88は)と

川にti.gs o fndw 91が

SS = 0 ⇒ Euler Lagrange eq t

言 一 純書) = 。

口 coordinates Gift)-) 4 1 t , *)www.

iii) → tit , * )

L 19,8) → L ( 中, I ) Lagrangeindensityt

よし( 4 , 2µ

L = [ d3× よし4.am

Page 3: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

S= SLaid t → S- Get L

= S d4× LAction should satisfy nnnuess

• Poincariinv.lt Internal symmetry )・ S is read valid → Unitary' t dependence of I is through 4

→ luwity。 Lisa function of 0,34,2中4

,. . .

.

dynamie s is determined by value of dtf

5=594× £10 = fdtではti

中 (x)→ 0の +04い

8 lti ,*) = 841な、x) = 0

- 0{ 4 1t.pl Spatial Infinity

Page 4: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

OS = S d4 つ( 8 80µ(84)

= 1嶰章 8 4 +讞「関st) 幾品

で会い型)| 讞學 |= 2 。 (84)

=微新 ・ の 1讞りーー

かで derivative

・ 引器が 8 4 ]Sax の 1讞り 一意域な

t.IO。

Page 5: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

SS - Sax 1章 ・ の 1着から 84

割器の はら-) = 0として-_-

Euler -Lagrange equation些 L = し た¢ が4 - 主 m24 2

恋の 1着、 )-

一 m24 - 2µ 1が 4)

= 一 (たが十 m2 ) 4 = 0

1 1がい幽eee

Klein - Gordon eq .

Page 6: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

口 Noe thus than

If the actions in is Under certain continue symmetry,

then thee exists a conserved charge 。

• DoinCare' symmetry

infinitesind transformations

x M→ NM = IM+Sam

8 NM = EM 、 1V+ EM

( En = - Eva )

中 に) → (1 9) = 4 11) +84に)were

89つり = 44が) - 4は)

= d' EN) -41が t 0 (xx) -4 (x)-80 中 ( x) 8 KM 2µ 4い

Liederivative_Forscalarfiel.cl,84 1の 二 0 8044) = -8どの物

Page 7: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

S = Sdが よ

よし ¢ (か、 2µ 4 しの) → よ" ( 41 (か? 私 44が)Sedan

of = S o L t S ×" がよmr。4-

一 章 80 4 +器 した +8がみ L

= 8が 2µ L + [章一 の 1器が] a of

written

wentが (驅け)announcement

𠮟 M → alt = フ( Mtd つに

dT → d 4 つ(1= detに器 ) d 4×

T.acobianee.catに器) - wt 10し tな業) = 1+ 2µが

det 1 1+ E) = exp ( tr ln 11+ ED = expltr E)

な) i = eip ( た Inti )= 1 +tre. .

Page 8: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

OS = fd4た ( 8がるは 十 の 1着が。4)

+ 2µ 8が よ )

= Sax の (高が t 8がよ)

84=804+8が 2µ ¢

で啡𧄹では姑𧄹呦りd NO

.8 0 is induced by wa → Waterwa

PoxP =8噐。

Swa ont . parameters

Of = 8_ rwaEwa

で啡讞とは始器が爛swa

If 8 S = 0 for any dwaT

Page 9: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

が譲、 噐 + はな謠 の噀Noether awent

の うた = 0

TeO= 燄dt fd3し た がいかt

terreur

= 煎る。 [ ドぽいー]= Gの jdyx) - f d'× j !心が

Qa = fd3xjdlt.xyt.independent→ conserved charge

Page 10: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

ewa

D Example 1 x M → x 1M - x M + en

of

{ Ti= 0,

Scala r find

o x M

た。

= 0 と

TM u = 一 [ で の 一言。34188

= 一 £8 し +2よーーるくる

20

enugymomentv.in tensor

P。 = Sd 3× T ' v は、 *)

Energy + 3 dim Momentum of the System

D Example 2 x M → x' M = EN が wa _ ew

0 4

。= 0 Solar Fields

{噐。 こう はっいにいM M

mul = T Mw つ( U - T My Nui

Generalized singular Momentum tensor

Page 11: groupsito/qft1-2020_2.pdf2020/06/26 Field Theory I 2nd Lecture 2. Classical Field Theory scalarfield_se.fred swear Field) 中川: areal valued function of SpaceTime p coordinate xn

M uv= S d 3 KM 、

Generalized angda nomentum

M ij : a regular Momentun

Moi : conserved changes related toLorentz Boost .