its, uk, road pricing in a sustainable society university of leeds 9 th november 2006 dr charles...
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ITS, UK, Road Pricing in a Sustainable Society
University of Leeds9th November 2006
Dr Charles MusselwhiteSenior Research Fellow
Centre for Transport & Society,University of the West of England, Bristol
Improving Public Acceptability of Road Pricing
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Overview
Background
9 ways to increase acceptability
Variations over time
Current project– Gearing Up Model– Methodology
Conclusions
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Background: Scope of Review DfT 2004 – National Road Pricing Feasibility
Study
Extensive Literature Review
200+ research reports, journal papers, conference papers – attitudes and acceptability
Updated 2006 DfT Public Acceptability of Road Pricing
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Where possible, drivers already reduce effects of congestion– Choose route– Choose time of departure– Comfort
Definition of “reduce congestion”– Subjective nature of defining congestion– What constitutes a “reduction”?– Visibility of a reduction/communicating a reduction– What if it doesn’t?
W-H
Reduce congestion
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Part of an overall traffic plan
Other traffic and transport improvements– Public transport– Parking– Planning– Businesses– Schools
Thinking wider– Society
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The need for alternatives
Ability to alter time– Flexibility
Alternative route– Free or cheaper
Alternative transport– Reliability– Cost
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Revenue application made specific
Revenue neutrality
Offset tax– Petrol– Road
Hypothecate funds– Public transport– Road building
Visibility and timing
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Simplicity
Design
Technology
Payment Options
Variability verses Predictability
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FairnessConcessions/free
High Mileage Drivers
Taxis
Business Users
Key Workers
Older people (aged 65 years & over)
Income based
Residents
Disabled DriversMost Agreement
Least Agreement
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Communications Involve public and other stakeholders from the start
– Know the philosophy/aims/objectives
Benchmarking– Going beyond statistics
Role of champions
Participatory consultation– Dynamic consultation– Role of new technology
Trials
Pioneers
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Trust in Delivery Local authority responsibility
Everybody’s responsibility
Trust in deliverer– Reliability– Price Creep– Relationship and communications
Trust is low– Local authority– Central government– Private company
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Trust in technology Usability
Reliability– Minimum personal error– Maximise payment evasion
Aesthetics
Privacy– Tracking– Already being watched– Nothing to hide
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Variation over time Intra-personally
– Hats
Inter-personally– Between individuals– Groups of
individuals– Categorisation
Chronologically
New idea, no
justification
Public support
Time
Sufficient support to go
ahead
Increasing support for
general idea
Fall-off as detail emerges
Panic just before implementation
Build up of support as
benefits appear
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The Gearing-Up Model
Public acceptability of…
a problem needing to be solved
the need for demand management
the need for some form of road pricing
the specific road pricing scheme proposed
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Stage 1 – stakeholder/expert priorities/guidance
Follow-up telephone calls
Roundtable workshop – 1 day
Stage 2 – sticking points and the national debate
Wave 1 groups (8 x 6) – Problem to be solved
Wave 2 groups (8 x 6) – Demand Management
Stage 4 – quantitative research
Baseline survey
Tracking survey 1
Tracking survey 2
Dissemination event(s)
Stage 3 – local context and increasing information
Wave 3 groups (5 x 6) – Local congestion
Wave 4 groups (5 x 6) – Local scheme design
Wave 5 groups (5 x 6) – Local scheme design
Wave 6 groups (5 x 6) – Local scheme design
Follow-up depth interviews
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Conclusions Communications
– Education, knowledge– Message and messenger– Benchmarking and
leading– A role for technology?
Trust– Delivery– Technology
Illusion of freedom– “Natural” congestion
and “artificial” constraint
Psychology of choice– Already perform
congestion compensatory behaviour
– How much more room for manoeuvre?
– Why, so much resistance?
Principle verses specifics– Increasing role for
technology
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Thanks for Listening
Further information
Dr Charles Musselwhite
Senior Research Fellow
Centre for Transport and Society
University of West of England
0117 32 83010
www.transport.uwe.ac.uk
Acknowledgements: CTS, UWE: Professor Glenn Lyons and Professor Phil Goodwin.
Independent Advisor: Alan Wenban-Smith.
BMRB: Anna Sweeting and Vanessa Stone