j. b. hastings [email protected] lcls fac october 29, 2007 lusi overview 1 lusi overview j. b....
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J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 1
LUSI OverviewJ. B. Hastings
LUSI OverviewJ. B. Hastings
Science OpportunitiesProject Description Project ManagementSummary
Science OpportunitiesProject Description Project ManagementSummary
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 2
Process to define LCLS scienceProcess to define LCLS science
Atomic, molecular and optical science (AMOS)
Diffraction studies of stimulated dynamics (pump-probe) (XPP)
Coherent-scattering studies of nanoscale fluctuations (XCS)
Nano-particle and single molecule coherent x-ray imaging (CXI)
High energy density science (HEDS)
Aluminum plasma
10-4 10-2 1 102 104
classical plasma
dense plasma
high den. matter
G =1
Density (g/cm-3)
G=10
G=100
t=0
t=
SLAC Report 611
Letters of Intent LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) review July 2004 Defined Thrust Areas
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 3
LUSI ScopeLUSI Scope
CD-0 : Instruments for 3 thrust areas Coherent x-ray imaging, Pump probe and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy Plan presented at January 2007 Lehman review
Action item: By March 1, 2007 provide a plan to DOE that provides instrumentation for science at CD-4 for LCLSFurther guidance: Focus in priority order on hard x-ray instruments for Coherent X-ray Imaging (CXI), X-ray Pump-Probe (XPP), X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XCS)
March 2007 LCLS SAC fully endorses the March 1 scope and plan for early science with LCLS LUSI now has 3 hard x-ray instruments: CXI, XPP and XCS
CD-0 : Instruments for 3 thrust areas Coherent x-ray imaging, Pump probe and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy Plan presented at January 2007 Lehman review
Action item: By March 1, 2007 provide a plan to DOE that provides instrumentation for science at CD-4 for LCLSFurther guidance: Focus in priority order on hard x-ray instruments for Coherent X-ray Imaging (CXI), X-ray Pump-Probe (XPP), X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XCS)
March 2007 LCLS SAC fully endorses the March 1 scope and plan for early science with LCLS LUSI now has 3 hard x-ray instruments: CXI, XPP and XCS
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 4
Studies of laser-excited transient states Studies of laser-excited transient states
Chemical reactions, and structural phase transitions, involve sub-picosecond rearrangements of atoms.
Typical sound speed - 1Å in 100 fs
Many of these reactions can be triggered by an optical laser pulse, and can be ‘precisely synchronized’ with the LCLS x-ray pulse. The ultrafast x-ray pulses can be used to take snap-shot measurements of the mean positions atoms and thus produce atomic scale movies of atoms in motion.
Chemical reactions, and structural phase transitions, involve sub-picosecond rearrangements of atoms.
Typical sound speed - 1Å in 100 fs
Many of these reactions can be triggered by an optical laser pulse, and can be ‘precisely synchronized’ with the LCLS x-ray pulse. The ultrafast x-ray pulses can be used to take snap-shot measurements of the mean positions atoms and thus produce atomic scale movies of atoms in motion.
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 5
Short Pulse Laser Excitation Impulsively Modifies Potential Energy Short Pulse Laser Excitation Impulsively Modifies Potential Energy SurfacesSurfaces
Non-thermal meltingNon-thermal meltingof InSb of InSb
Coherent phononsCoherent phononsin Biin Bi
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 6
Ultrafast X-ray Scattering Provides Direct Access to Atomic Ultrafast X-ray Scattering Provides Direct Access to Atomic Motion on non-Equilibrium Potential Energy SurfacesMotion on non-Equilibrium Potential Energy Surfaces
……characterizes the shape of the potentialcharacterizes the shape of the potential
D.M. Fritz, et al. Science 315, 633 (2007).A. Lindenberg, et al. Science 308, 392 (2005).
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 7
Imaging of biomolecules and other nano-particlesImaging of biomolecules and other nano-particles
X-ray scattering has long been used to determine atomic structures. However, to avoid radiation damage limitations, protein crystallographers require that their samples form crystals. LCLS offers an alternative approach. A very intense and very short LCLS x-ray pulse could be focused onto a single molecule, which would be destroyed – but not before the scattered x-rays are already on their way to the detector carrying the information needed to deduce the image. This technique offers the possibility of determining structures for samples which do not form crystals, including important classes of biological macromolecules.
X-ray scattering has long been used to determine atomic structures. However, to avoid radiation damage limitations, protein crystallographers require that their samples form crystals. LCLS offers an alternative approach. A very intense and very short LCLS x-ray pulse could be focused onto a single molecule, which would be destroyed – but not before the scattered x-rays are already on their way to the detector carrying the information needed to deduce the image. This technique offers the possibility of determining structures for samples which do not form crystals, including important classes of biological macromolecules.
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 8
First image reconstructed from an ultrafast FEL diffraction pattern
First image reconstructed from an ultrafast FEL diffraction pattern
1st shot at full power
2nd shot at full power
Reconstructed Image – achieved diffraction limited resolution!
Wavelength = 32 nm
1 micron
1 micron
SEM of structure etched into silicon nitride membrane
Chapman et al. Nature Physics (2006)
Edge of membrane support also reconstructed
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 9
First X-ray imaging of unstained biological cells ‘on-the-fly’First X-ray imaging of unstained biological cells ‘on-the-fly’
Single shot ~10 fs diffraction pattern recorded at a wavelength of 13.5 nm of a picoplankton organism. This cell was injected into vacuum from solution, and shot through the beam at 200 m/s
0
60
30
60
30
Res
olut
ion
leng
th (
nm)
Sca
tter
ing
Am
plitu
de
1 micron
Image reconstructed using Shrinkwrap(S. Boutet)
Reconstruction is the average of the 5 best fits to the measured amplitude
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 10
Nano-scale dynamics of condensed matter Nano-scale dynamics of condensed matter
Complex dynamics at the nanometer to micrometer scale lie at the frontier of research in condensed matter. Viscoelastic flow of liquids, polymer diffusion, domain switching, and countless other collective processes show both fast and slow equilibrium dynamics, revealed by x-ray correlation spectroscopyUsing the coherence and the narrow pulse duration of the LCLS will enable the study of fluctuations in condensed matter systems at the nanoscale and over a wide range of time scales.
Complex dynamics at the nanometer to micrometer scale lie at the frontier of research in condensed matter. Viscoelastic flow of liquids, polymer diffusion, domain switching, and countless other collective processes show both fast and slow equilibrium dynamics, revealed by x-ray correlation spectroscopyUsing the coherence and the narrow pulse duration of the LCLS will enable the study of fluctuations in condensed matter systems at the nanoscale and over a wide range of time scales.
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 11
Sequential XCSSequential XCS
Time-average Brilliance
10 ms < C < hrs
Large Q’s accessible
Time-average Brilliance
10 ms < C < hrs
Large Q’s accessible
tt
t
tt
t
12
34
43
21
Intensity autocorrelation function
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 12
Ultrafast XCSUltrafast XCS
Peak Brilliance & Pulse Duration
pulse duration < C< several ns
Large Q’s accessible
Peak Brilliance & Pulse Duration
pulse duration < C< several ns
Large Q’s accessible
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 13
Ultrafast XCS : Split & DelayUltrafast XCS : Split & Delay
High Peak BrillianceShort pulse duration 230fs
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 14
LCLS parameter needsLCLS parameter needs
Short PulseLarge per
pulse intensityCoherence
XPP X X
CXI X X X
XCS X X X
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 15
6
1 2 34 5
1 SXR Imag
2 AMOS (LCLS)
3 XPP Full instrument
4 XCS Full instrument
5 CXI Full instrument
6 HEDS
1 SXR Imag
2 AMOS (LCLS)
3 XPP Full instrument
4 XCS Full instrument
5 CXI Full instrument
6 HEDS
LCLSLUSIHEDS (NNSA)
Offset MonochromatorExp. ChamberDetector
Beam Transport
Project description (1)Project description (1)
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 16
Project description (2)Project description (2)
XPPWBS 1.2
LCLS AMOS
XPS Offset MonochromatorWBS 1.4
X-ray transport tunnel
XCSWBS 1.4
HEDS (outside Funding)
CXIWBS 1.3
SXR imaging
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 17
Project description (3)Project description (3)
WBS 1.2 XPPWBS 1.2 XPP
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 18
Project description (4)Project description (4)
WBS 1.3 CXIWBS 1.3 CXI
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 19
Project description (5)Project description (5)
WBS 1.4 XCSWBS 1.4 XCS
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 20
Project description (6)Project description (6)
WBS 1.5 DiagnosticsWBS 1.5 Diagnostics
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 21
Project description (7)Project description (7)
WBS 1.6 Controls and Data System WBS 1.6 Controls and Data System
DetectorControlNode
Quick View Rendering Node
Disk Arrays/Controller
Tape Drives/Robots
VolumeRendering Node
Volume Rendering Cluster
ADC FPGA
On-line
Data Server
SCCSSCCSLUSILUSI
4 x 2.5 Gbit/s fiber
Off-line
Data Server
2D Detector
DAQ Box
10–G Ethernet
10–G Ethernet
Accelerator 120Hz Data Exchange & Timing Interface
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 22
Project description (8)Project description (8)
Prime performance parametersX-ray pump probe instrument (XPP)
4-24 keV operation with pump laser2-d detector with 1024x 1024pixels
Large dynamic range, moderate pixel size
Coherent x-ray imaging instrument (CXI)4-24 keV operation with focused beam2-d detector with 760 x 760 pixels
Moderate pixel size, central hole
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XCS)4-24 keV operation2-d detector with 1024 x 1024pixels
Very low noise, small pixel
Prime performance parametersX-ray pump probe instrument (XPP)
4-24 keV operation with pump laser2-d detector with 1024x 1024pixels
Large dynamic range, moderate pixel size
Coherent x-ray imaging instrument (CXI)4-24 keV operation with focused beam2-d detector with 760 x 760 pixels
Moderate pixel size, central hole
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XCS)4-24 keV operation2-d detector with 1024 x 1024pixels
Very low noise, small pixel
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 23
LUSI organization for CD-1LUSI organization for CD-1
Project ManagementJ. Hastings Project DirectorN. Kurita Chief EngineerW. Foyt Project Manager
1.2XPP
R. Pope CAMD. Fritz
N. Van Bakel
1.3CXI
P. Montanez CAMS. Boutet
(N. Van Bakel)
1.4XPS
A. RobertN. Van Bakel
1.5Diagnostics
N. Kurita CAMY. Feng
1.6Controls and Data
SystemsG. Haller CAM
Y. Feng
Team LeadersLCLS-LUSI DetectorAdvisory CommitteeG. Derbyshire, Chair
ES&HM. Scharfenstein
PMCS – H. LeungQA-D.Marsh
LCLS FACPhoton Sub-panelP. Fuoss, Chair
LUSI-LCLS Interface Working GroupJ. Arthur, J. HastingsCo-Chair
LCLS
Procurement – D. Pindroh
LCLS ScienceAdvisory CommitteeR. Falcone, Chair
LCLS
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 24
Team LeadersTeam Leaders
AMOSL. Di Mauro, Ohio State University (leader)N. Berrah, Western Michigan University
Pump-ProbeK. Gaffney, Photon Science-SLAC (leader)D. Reis, University of MichiganT. Tschentscher, DESYJ. Larsson, Lund Institute of TechnologyA. Nilsson, Photon Science-SLAC (SXR)
XCSB. Stephenson, ANL (leader)K. Ludwig, Boston UniversityG. Grübel, DESY
ImagingJ. Hajdu, Photon Science-SLAC, Uppsala University (leader)H. Chapman, LLNLJ. Miao, UCLAJ. Lüning, U. Paris (SXR)
HEDSR. Lee, LLNL (leader)P. Heimann, LBNL
AMOSL. Di Mauro, Ohio State University (leader)N. Berrah, Western Michigan University
Pump-ProbeK. Gaffney, Photon Science-SLAC (leader)D. Reis, University of MichiganT. Tschentscher, DESYJ. Larsson, Lund Institute of TechnologyA. Nilsson, Photon Science-SLAC (SXR)
XCSB. Stephenson, ANL (leader)K. Ludwig, Boston UniversityG. Grübel, DESY
ImagingJ. Hajdu, Photon Science-SLAC, Uppsala University (leader)H. Chapman, LLNLJ. Miao, UCLAJ. Lüning, U. Paris (SXR)
HEDSR. Lee, LLNL (leader)P. Heimann, LBNL
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 25
Prior FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012
3.4 2.0 10 15 15 10 4.6
March 1, 2007 Action Item Planning Assumptions
1) Funding profile
2)Instrument priorities1)Coherent Imaging including particle injector2)X-ray pump-probe including sample environments3)XCS complete to extent possible within funding
3) Establish a phased approach
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 26
CXI Phase I instrument - Hutch 5
X-ray beam focusing Be lens system for 1 and 2 micron foci
Sample chamber Sample diagnostics (ion and electron time of flight, visible light), raster stage for
supported sample, port for particle injector, detector stage
Beam diagnostics
Control system
Detector Utilize LCLS 2 dimensional detector
Delivered at CD-4aDelivered at CD-4a
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 27
XPP Phase I instrument - Hutch 3
X-ray beam focusing Be lens system
8 circle diffractometer
Laser optics Share the laser system with the AMOS experiment
Beam diagnostics Electro-optic timing sensing
Control system
Detector prototype of LCLS 2-d detector
Delivered at CD-4aDelivered at CD-4a
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 28
Budget (K$)Budget (K$)
Description TotalFY2007Direct
Indirect Escalation
LUSI – Total Project Cost 60,000.0 44,906.4 10,754.5 4,339.0
1.0 LUSI Project 55,100.0 42,773.6 8,120.0 4,206.4
WBS 1.1-1.6 41,924.8 30,586.0 8,120.0 3,218.8
Contingency 13,175.2 12,187.6 987.6
2.0 Other Project Costs 4,900.0 3,706.0 1,194.0
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 29
Schedule (milestones)Schedule (milestones)
CD-1 Sept., 2007 Conceptual design
CXI, XPP:CD-2a ?? Baseline established CD-3a ?? Construction start CD-4a Feb. 2010 LCLS early scienceCD-4b March 2012 Project complete
XCS:CD-2b Oct. 2009 Baseline establishedCD-3b March 2010 Construction startCD-4b March 2012 Project complete
CD-1 Sept., 2007 Conceptual design
CXI, XPP:CD-2a ?? Baseline established CD-3a ?? Construction start CD-4a Feb. 2010 LCLS early scienceCD-4b March 2012 Project complete
XCS:CD-2b Oct. 2009 Baseline establishedCD-3b March 2010 Construction startCD-4b March 2012 Project complete
J. B. [email protected]
LCLS FAC October 29, 2007LUSI Overview 30
LUSI is a unique opportunity for experiments at LCLSLUSI is a unique opportunity for experiments at LCLS
There has been outstanding work and cooperation from all the research teams and team leadersWith LUSI capability for early science February 2010 The specific areas of risk identified Project is well coordinated with LCLS – now part of the LCLS organizationLUSI is proceeding to CD-2a
There has been outstanding work and cooperation from all the research teams and team leadersWith LUSI capability for early science February 2010 The specific areas of risk identified Project is well coordinated with LCLS – now part of the LCLS organizationLUSI is proceeding to CD-2a