jacksonian america
DESCRIPTION
Jacksonian America. Chapter 6 Section 1 Objective: 2.3 – Distinguish between the economic and social issues that led to sectionalism & nationalism . Andrew Jackson. 1829 - 1837. Election of 1828. Andrew Jackson (Democrat) vs. John Q. Adams (rerun of 1824 election). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHAPTER 6 SECTION 1OBJECTIVE: 2 .3 – DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ISSUES THAT LED TO SECTIONALISM & NATIONALISM
Jacksonian America
![Page 2: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Andrew Jackson
1829 - 1837
![Page 3: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Election of 1828ANDREW JACKSON (DEMOCRAT) VS. JOHN Q. ADAMS
(RERUN OF 1824 ELECTION) .BOTH CANDIDATES ENGAGED IN “ MUDSLINGING ”
JACKSON WON THE PRESIDENCY-CARRIED ALL SOUTHERN & WESTERN STATES.
1 S T PRESIDENT FROM THE “NEW WEST”- TENN.
![Page 4: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Jacksonian America
Portrayed himself as the common man Little education, orphaned at age 14, 5 duels-killed 1
manCommon man more powerful in politics
Early 1800’s -States eliminated of property requirements to vote= all white men allowed to vote (increased “suffrage”)
1824 election=355,000 voted; 1828= 1.1 million votedSpoils System – to give government jobs to
supporters regardless of qualifications Jackson fired everyone and gave jobs to political allies.
Replaced the Caucus system of choosing presidential candidates with the National Nominating Conventions
![Page 6: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What does suffrage mean?
1. Right to vote2. A group that
suffers3. A person that
suffers4. An
unrighteousness
![Page 7: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Who are these guys?
Andrew Jackson(President)
John Calhoun(Vice-President)
Henry Clay(Kentucky Congressman)
![Page 8: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
*The Nullification CrisisEconomy was weakening –
Cotton prices were dropping to all time lows Tariffs meant high prices on goods (mostly for Southerners &
westerners)
Tariff of Abominations (1828)-passed by Congress South Carolina – John Calhoun (VP) calls for nullification of
the law Jackson believed nullification would destroy the U.S. South Carolina threatened secession if the tariff wasn’t
repealed
![Page 9: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Debate Over Nullification
Could a state defy a federal law ???The South Carolina Exposition and Protest (Vice-
President John C. Calhoun)- essay declared that states had a right to declare a federal law “null” (not valid)= nullification.
The Webster v. Hayne Senate Debates (1830)Robert Hayne (SC) – the Union is no more than a
voluntary association of states (state’s rights).Daniel Webster (Mass.)- believed in preservation of the
Union would best preserve LIBERTY.“Liberty and Union, now and for ever, one and
inseparable!”
![Page 10: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Jackson Defends the UNION!
1832- Congress passed another tariff law (which actually cut tariff rates a little).
South Carolina adopted ordinance of nullification (Tariffs of 1828 & 1832 unconstitutional)
1833- The Force Bill: Congress authorized the president to use force.
![Page 11: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Clay Saves the Day!!
Tensions rose
Senator Henry Clay (Kentucky) –pushed a bill through Congress to gradually lower the nation’s tariffs until 1842.
South Carolina cancelled their Nullification ordinance.
Conflict AVOIDED!!
![Page 12: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Jackson’s Policy towards Native Americans
Jackson had fought Indians (Creek & Seminoles); inaugural speech proclaimed removal of Indians to Great Plains.
Indian Removal Act (1830)-pushed by Jackson Remove all Native Americans & send to the great plains
Worcester v Georgia (1832) Cherokee of Georgia & NC sued the US Chief Justice John Marshall – ruled in favor of Indian property
rights Jackson refused to enforce it-”Marshall has made his decision, let
him enforce it”.
1838- Trail of Tears – US military forced removal of the Cherokee to Oklahoma (4,000 died); by 1838- most eastern Indian tribes had been moved to the Great Plains-reservations.
![Page 13: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Election of 1832
The Bank of the United States- became a major issue!
The Whigs – a new party!! Northern
Jackson won in a landslide
1st presidential candidate to be nominated by his PARTY through nominating convention.
![Page 16: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Jackson’s “War” against the BANK OF THE US
Before the election of 1832-Jackson’s opponents in Congress passed a bill extending the life of the US Bank for ANOTHER 20 years- Jackson made it a major issue.
Jackson disliked the National Bank & set out to destroy it= considered it a monopoly WHICH benefitted the wealthy; also unconstitutional (in spite of McCulloch v. Maryland)
Jackson’s “Pet Banks” Jackson took federal government money out of
National Bank Placed the money in small state owned banks =his"
pet banks” Eventually killing the 2nd Bank of the United States=
financial woes later
![Page 17: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Election of 1836 Martin Van Buren
Whigs nominated 3 candidates
Democrat – Martin Van Buren -winner
Panic of 1837 – recession that dominated his presidency
Trail of Tears – he carried out forced removal of Indians west of the Mississippi.
Election 1836
1837 - 1841
![Page 18: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Election of 1840
Election of 1840Whigs – William Henry
Harrison & John Tyler Tippecanoe & Tyler too!
William Henry Harrison won!
Dies 32 days later-pneumonia
John Tyler became president-opposed most Whig policies
![Page 19: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Pres. John Tyler Foreign Policy Achievements
Webster Ashburton Treaty- 1842 The US & Britain
agree to Set border between Canada & Maine.
![Page 20: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A Changing Culture
1815-1860: Over 5 million immigrants arrived in the US
Irish Immigration Almost 2 million (largest group) Fleeing a potato famine in Ireland (1845) Arrived with little or no money or skills Settled in industrial cities (Northeast)
![Page 21: Jacksonian America](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050910/5681610f550346895dd068bf/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
German Immigration Fleeing violence & oppression in Germany