jakarta's adaptation strategy-edit

8/6/2019 Jakarta's Adaptation Strategy-Edit

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Presented bySarwo Handhayani

Head of Regional Development Planning BoardJakarta Capital City Government

Climate Resilient Cities Identifying ASEAN BestPractices : Workshop and Exchange

Urban Innovations for Adaptation :

Jakartas Adaptation Strategy

Jakarta Capital City Government

Jakarta, 19 January 2011
http://www.pbase.com/judhi/nightshots


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1.General Condition of Jakarta City

2.Climates Changes Impact to Jakarta City

3.Policy towards Climate Resilient City

4.Jakartas Adaptation Strategy

5.Conclusion

OUT LINE

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General Condition of Jakarta City



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Jakarta consists of 5Municipalities, 1 Regency,44 Districts and 267 Sub-districts

40% area under mean sealevel

13 rivers system arecrossing Jakarta City

Ancol

Kamal

Tanjung KaitTanjung Pasir

GENERAL CONDITION (1)



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n Total Population of Jakarta:9,6 million, day timepopulation: 11.5 million

n Population Rate : 1,39 % per

annum (Census 2010)n Total area of 650 square

kilometresn Population density of Jakarta:

13,000 to 15,000 per km2, incertain area 20,000 to

30,000 per km2n Total Population of GreaterJakarta : 28 million

nn



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Financial service constituted 28,6% of Jakarta'sGDP in 2008.

In 2010, per capita GRDP of DKI Jakartainhabitants at current price was Rp.82.08 million

Human Development Index (HDI) 77 in 2008.Public transportation is mainly served by 10

corridors (out of 15 corridors) transJakarta busway (average 250.000 passengers per day).

Clean water service coverage : 60%Based on Census 2010 population rate is still high

(1,39 annually)Vulnerable inhabitants : around 312.170.000(3,48%)

Slums area : 416 RW out of 2.196 RW




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Climate Change Impactto Jakarta



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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO JAKARTA

Based on EEPSEA study, Jakarta is indicated as the most prone area

towards climate change impact in South East Asia.The impacts of climate change in Jakarta is as follow:

The increasing of global temperature has caused climate change andvariability, such as the changes of rainfall intensity as well asextreme whether

Sea level rise makes Jakarta prone to the activity of extreme weathersuch as floods

: ,Source EEPSEA 2009


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JAKARTA FLOOD

In February 2007, Jakarta was hit by one of theworst flood ever experience (return period 50years), covering 70% of metropolitan area, withtotal Financial Loss ofUS $ 879,12 million, andLoss of Lives: 79, Refugees: 223,203.

The causes :

1. Natural : rainfall, topography, climatechange, higher peak flows, tidalcycles

2. Physical : rapid increase urbanization,decrease storage of runoff, reducedriver and drainage conveyance

capacity3. Man Made : lack of environmental

conscious, encroachment of rivercorridors, indiscriminate solid wastedumping, illegal settlement, overpopulation



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Policy towards Climate ResilientCity



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Develop city infrastructure

Improve city productivity

Improve urban culture

Main-streaming a disaster mitigation-based developmentCreate a prosperous and dynamic city life

Harmonization between urban life and environment : max population12,5 million in 2030

Jakarta as Capital City of Republic of Indonesia which iscomfortable, sustainable and occupied by prosperous society

VISSION

MISSION

SPATIAL PLANNING 2030

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OBJECTIVES OF SPATIAL PLANNING


Integrated spatial using and controlling byconsidering Jakarta as delta city

Integrated planning with area surroundingsSpatial planning of coastal and small islandsDisaster risk reductionCarrying capacity : max population 12,5 million by

2030Green Open Space target : 30% by 2030Green house gas emission reduction target : 30%

by 2030


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Jakartas Adaptation Strategy



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ADAPTATION STRATEGYBASED ON JAKARTA SPATIAL PLANNING 2030

n Developing flood control infrastructurethrough the development of poldersystem, rehabilitation of waterretention and ponds, revitalization of

river flow as well as thedevelopment of sea and riverdykes.

n Expanding the city development tothe northern area through landreclamation and revitalization of

coastal area, as well as thedevelopment of international sea port


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SEA

JakartArea

etention Lakesutside Jakarta

astCanalest Canal

eclamationrea

owLand

igherLand

ater Dykes

PolderSystem

Lakes/Reservoir

Pumps

Water Gate

Water Dyke

Port

owLand


FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM


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STRUCTURAL

NONSTRUCTURAL

UP-STREAM

DOWN-STREAM

FLOODCONTROL

POLICY

-Reservoir development-Lake Rehabilitation-Reforestation

-Canals development, river andponds normalization

-Polder development andmaintenance

- Tide water anticipation-Land Subsidence anticipation-Vulnerable resettlement policy

-Spatial Control-Community awareness-Early Warning System-Emergency Response System-River Conservation-Flood Hazard Mapping

FLOOD CONTROL POLICY



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CURRENT ISSUES ON FLOOD CONTROL

East Flood Canal Construction

Reclamation at Coastal Area

Community Based Development

Existing Development :

Future Plan :

Giant Sea Defense


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EAST FLOOD CANAL CORRIDOR

Jl.IGustiNgurahRai

BanjirKanalTimur

Jl.BekasiRaya

Jl.Roro

tan9

BanjirKanalTimur

JOR

R

JOR

R

South Zone : 8,5 km

Ce

ntralZone:8km

NorthZone:7km

Length: 23,5 Km

Width : 100 300 m

Depth : 3 7 m

Water CatchmentArea : around 207square km or 20.700ha

Water debit : 390m3/sec


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RecreationalWaterfront

Education &Social

Waterfront

ResidentialWaterfront



IndustrialWaterfront

Mixed-Used(Commercial-

Office- Housing)Waterfront

RecreationalWaterfront

THEMES AREA

ADAPTATIONINFRASTRUCTUREDEVELOPMENT:Green Infrastructure andWater Front Development


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FINANCIAL PLAN OF EAST FLOOD CANAL DEVELOPMENT

Central Government budget is intended for theconstruction of canal

Local Government budget for land acquisition

Private sector has obligation to finance infrastructure byhaving permit for developing commercial area alongthe canal (fee and contribution)

Private sector will be participated for Developing greeninfrastructure , tourism, transportation, water supplyand maintenance of the clean water as well as wastewater treatment through cross subsidy scheme.

Central and Local Government will set up suchinstitution to manage the canal estate.

20


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DEVELOPMENT OF COASTALRECLAMATION ANDREVITALIZATION



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NORTH COAST OF JAKARTA RECLAMATION PLAN INJAKARTA SPATIAL PLANNING 2030


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REVITALIZATION OFNORTH COAST OFJAKARTA

Existing condition ofNorth coast of Jakarta

AbrasionHigher and

more frequentof flood

Slump areaPoor fisherman

settlementPoor condition

public beachWater pollutionLand

subsidencePoor condition

of cultureheritage


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1. 70% of coastal cities in the world haddeveloped land reclamation

2.Revitalization of old coastal area will be

financed by added value of reclamationarea with schematic of cross subsidy

3.North Coast of Jakarta is a prime mover ofJakarta Province in order to develop Jakartaas a Service City

4.The north coast of Jakarta is needed to beREVITALIZED to become a counter magnitof the city growth which could increased thecity competitiveness.

Coastal ReclamationConsideration


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CROSS SUBSIDYPLAN

NEW LAND

(RECLAMATION)+NEW INFRASTRUCTURE

EXISTING COASTALAREA

NEW COMMERCIAL, RESIDENTIAL,TOURISM PROJECT & EMPLOYMENT

PRIVATE SECTOR PROVISION OF PUBLICFACILITIES, OPEN SPACE,

INFRASTRUCTURE

REVITALIZATION STIMULUS

CONTRIBUTION FOR SOCIALPROGRAMS


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aerahe sa pan a ir

ADVANTAGES OF COASTAL REVITALIZATIONTHROUGH RECLAMATION

1.Create land for cityexpansion

2.Reduce flood risk3.Water supply

alternative4.Sea water intrusion

and sea abrasionresistant

5.Expand green openspace (mangrovedeforestation)

6.Increase the

settlement quality7.Development of port

area8.Development of

public beach


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COMMUNITY BASED DEVELOPMENT (1)

Public KitchenManagement

Water Rescue

Making of Water RescueEquipment - Rafts

Health and First AidLectures

Location : Bukit Duri and Kebon Baru


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Risk Map

Town Watching

Location : Bukit Duri and Kebon Baru



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:lood Warning anarly warning toolt community level( ukit Duri and )ebon Baru case move valuable belongingsto higher place to be safefrom water.

no activity at all atsettlement areas

start evacuating children,

elderly, pregnant women aswell as sick people.

people living at first floorshould be all evacuated.

people living at first, secondand even third floor should

be all evacuated



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Cengkareng drainQ = 510 m3/s(JICA 1997)

BKBQ=500 m3/s(JICA 1997)

BKT

Q=390 m3/s

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FUTURE PLAN : GIANT SEA DEFENSE



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Conclusion




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CONCLUSION


Climate Resilient City Policy has been written in the Jakarta formal regulatory andplanning documents, such as Spatial Planning 2030.

The complexity of Jakartas condition, adds the vulnerability of its community due to thehigh population density, limited areas, massive transportation, centre of economicactivities, as well as rapid urbanization.

Jakartas Adaptation Strategy to Develop Resilient City to Climate Change in DKI JakartaGovernment have been conducted by provision of flood control reduction risk andrevitalization as well as reclamation of north coast of Jakarta involving all stakeholders(Central Governments, Inter-local Governments Cooperation, Local Community,International Networking, NGOs) .

In the future, we need to improve the approaches by involving more stakeholders and

mobilize more fund to realize some catalysts projects.
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