January 2009 Philip C. Singer

Dan Okun Distinguished Professor of Environmental Engineering

Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering

Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431 Telephone: 919-966-3865

Fax: 919-966-7911 E-mail: phil_singer@unc.edu

Birth: Brooklyn, New York September 6, 1942 Married, four children

EDUCATION

Dates Degree School Attended Received Specialization The Cooper Union 1959-63 BCE Civil Engineering Northwestern University 1963-64 MS Sanitary Engineering Harvard University 1964-69 SM, PhD Envr Sciences & Engineering

PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering: 2002 - Dan Okun Distinguished Professor of Environmental Engineering 1999 - Director, Drinking Water Research Center 1979 – 1998 Director, Water Resources Engineering Program 1978 - Professor 1973 - 1978 Associate Professor University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, Department of Civil Engineering 1969 - 1973 Assistant Professor New York City Department of Public Works, New York, New York Summer, 1963 Junior Civil Engineer

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

American Academy of Environmental Engineers American Chemical Society American Society of Civil Engineers American Water Works Association Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors International Ozone Association

International Water Association National Academy of Engineering Water Environment Federation

HONORS AND HONORARY POSITIONS

Membership in Chi Epsilon; Delta Omega Registered Professional Engineer, North Carolina Newton Underwood Award for Excellence in Teaching, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 1974, 1996, 2006 Guest Professor, Swiss Federal Institute for Water Resources and Water Pollution Control (EAWAG), Dubendorf, Switzerland, Summer 1979 Nalco-AEEP Award as Advisor of Best PhD Dissertation ("Kinetic Behavior of Ozone in Aqueous Solution: Decomposition and Reaction with Phenol" by M. D. Gurol) in Industrial Waste Treatment, 1980 Listing in Who's Who in Engineering Best Lecturer Award, Environmental Engineering Students, University of North Carolina, 1982-3 Edward G. McGavran Award for Excellence in Teaching, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 1983 Associate Editor, Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 1983-90. Research Division Award, with D. A. Reckhow, for Best Research Paper ("Removal of Organic Halide Precursors by Preozonation and Alum Coagulation") published by the American Water Works Association, 1985. Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 1985 Academic Achievement Award for PhD Dissertation ("Organic Halide Formation and the Use of Preozonation and Alum Coagulation to Control Organic Halide Precursors," by D.A. Reckhow), 1985. Editorial Board, Ozone Science and Engineering, International Ozone Association, 1985-1999 Certificate of Recognition, America Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 1987 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis, ("Effects of Chlorine Dioxide on TTHM and TOX Formation Potentials and on the Formation of Inorganic By-Products," by K.S. Werdehoff), 1987. Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 1988 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis ("Factors Affecting the Stability of Particles in Natural Waters and Their Susceptibility to Ozone-Induced Microflocculation," by W.B. Dowbiggin), 1988. Kenan Leave, University of North Carolina, 9/1/89 - 2/28/90. 1989-90 Visiting Professor, Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. Research Division Award, American Water Works Association, with D.A. Reckhow, for Best Research Paper ("Chlorination By-Products in Drinking Waters: From Formation Potentials to Finished Water Concentrations") published by the American Water Works Association, 1990.

Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 1991 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis ("Performance and Analysis of Tracer Studies to Determine Compliance with the Disinfection Requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule," by S.B. Teefy), 1991. Simon W. Freese Lecturer, National Conference on Environmental Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1993. Elected to Membership, National Academy of Engineering, 1995 A.P. Black Research Award, American Water Works Association, 1995. Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 1995 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis (“Effect of Bromide Ion on Haloacetic Acid Speciation Resulting from Chlorination and Chloramination of Aquatic Humic Substances,” by G.A. Cowman), 1995 Tsuan Feng Distinguished Lecturer, University of Massachusetts, October, 1995 Bernard Greenberg Award for Excellence in Teaching, Research, and Service, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 1997 Publications Award and Water Quality Division Best Paper Award, American Water Works Association, (“Evaluating Criteria for Enhanced Coagulation Compliance” by White, M.C., J.D Thompson, G.W. Harrington, and P.C. Singer), American Water Works Association, 1998 Life Member, American Water Works Association, 1999 Fuller Award, NC Section American Water Works Association, 1999 Invited Plenary Lecture, Assoc. of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, “Formation and Control of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water: Some New Perspectives,” presented at American Water Works Assoc. Annual Conference, Denver, CO, 2000 Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 2001 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis (“Factors Influencing the Formation and Relative Distribution of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes Under Controlled Chlorination Conditions” by L. Liang), 2001 Appointed to Endowed Chair as Dan Okun Distinguished Professor of Environmental Engineering, University of North Carolina, 2002 Distinguished Lecturer, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, 2003 Certificate of Recognition, American Water Works Association, for serving as major advisor to a recipient of the 2004 Academic Achievement Award for MS Thesis (“Impact of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin on Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation During Drinking Water Treatment,” by C. Johnson), 2004 John McClanahan Henske Distinguished Lecturer, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 2005 Best Paper Award, Water Quality and Technology Division (“Temporal and Spatial Variability of DBPs in a Chloraminated Distribution System” by V.J. Pereira, H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer), American Water Works Association, 2005

President, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, 2006-7 Gordon Maskew Fair Award, American Academy of Environmental Engineers, 2006 Athalie Richardson Irvine Clarke Prize, National Water Research Institute, 2006 Kenan Leave, University of North Carolina, 9/1/06 – 12/31/06 for study and research at University of Melbourne, Curtin University (Perth), Australian Water Quality Centre (Adelaide), and Orica WaterCare (Melbourne) Visiting Professor, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, 2006 Visiting Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, Curtin University of Technology, 2006 Harrison Prescott Eddy Medal, Water Environment Federation, 2006 Founders Award, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, 2007 Bruce Podwal Seminar Speaker, City University of New York, 2007 Vernon L. Snoeyink Distinguished Visiting Lecturer, University of Illinois, 2008 NC Water Resources Association, Advisor First Place Student Poster (L. Teuber, “Mineral Deposition Behind Waterless Urinals”), 2008 NC American Water Works Association, Advisor First Place Poster (L. Teuber, “Mineral Deposition Behind Waterless Urinals”), 2008 President, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors Foundation, 2009 Pioneer Award, Water Environment Federation, 2009

COMMITTEE ACTIVITIES

Board of Trustees, Research Division, American Water Works Association, 1984-1993 Chairman, Trace Inorganic Substances Research Committee, American Water Works Association, 1981-86. Chairman, Research Committee, North Carolina American Water Works Association/Water Pollution Control Association. Water Resources Research Committee, Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council, 1987-90. Research Advisory Council, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 1989-93 Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council, 1990-93. Technical Advisory Workgroup, Disinfection and Disinfection By-Products, Water Utility Council, American Water Works Association, 1987-2002 Technical Advisory Committee, North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 1990-92

Organic Contaminants Committee, Research Division, American Water Works Association. Equal Employment Opportunity Officer, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering. Board of Directors, Water Environment Research Foundation, 1995-2002 Committee on Drinking Water Contaminants, National Research Council, 1998-2001 Administrative Board, UNC Graduate School, 1996-2002 Drinking Water Committee, Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2001- Teaching Assistant Advisory Task Force, UNC, 2002-2002 Appointments, Promotions, and Tenure Committee, UNC School of Public Health, 2002-2005 Chair, Awards Committee. UNC Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 2002- Board of Directors, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, 2003-2007 President, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, 2006-2007 National Drinking Water Advisory Council, SAB Drinking Water Committee Liaison, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004-2008 Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2006-2008 Board of Directors, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors Foundation, 2007- Chair, Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors Foundation, 2009-

SPECIAL ACTIVITIES

Coordinator and Instructor, Three-Day Short-Course on Water Supply Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, May 1977, May 1978, May 1979. Instructor, Three Week Seminar on Water Supply and Water Pollution Control in Kenya, U.S. Agency for International Development, Nairobi, Kenya, Summer 1981. Instructor, Team Leader, Two-Week Workshop on Water Quality and Pollution in the Lake Victoria Basin, US Agency for International Development, Kisumu, Kenya, Summer 1982. Moderator and Coordinator, Research Seminar on "Disinfectant Residuals in Water Distribution Systems: Microbiological Protection versus THM Control," sponsored by the Assn. of Environ. Eng. Professors at the Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. Annual Conf., Miami Beach, FL, May 1982. Coordinator and Instructor, One-Day Workshop on "Formation and Control of Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water," University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, May 1983. Coordinator and Speaker, One-Day Seminar on "Strategies for Controlling Trihalomethanes," sponsored by Research Division, Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. Annual Conf., Las Vegas, NV, June 1983. Instructor, American Water Works Assn. Seminars on "Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water," Salt Lake City, Utah Sept. 1983, Hartford, Conn. Oct. 1983. Organizer and Moderator, One-Day Seminar on "Ozonation: Recent Advances and Research Needs," sponsored by Research Division, Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. Annual Conf., Denver, CO, June 1986. Speaker, Research Seminar on "Chemistry and Application of Alternative Oxidants and Disinfectants in Water Treatment" sponsored by the Assn. of Environ. Eng. Professors at the Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. Annual Conf., Kansas City, MO, June 1987. Coordinator and Speaker, One-Day Seminar on "Disinfection By-Products: Formation and Control," University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, March 1988. Lecturer, International Institute for Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands, May 1991, 1992, 1993. Lecturer, American Water Works Association Teleconference on “Understanding the Proposed Disinfectants/Disinfection By-products Rule,” October 1994 Lecturer, University of North Carolina Teleconference on “Current Drinking Water Regulatory Concerns: Cryptosporidium and Disinfection By-Products,” February 1996 Co-chair, Symposium on Safe Drinking Water: Where Science Meets Policy, Carolina Environmental Programs, UNC, March 2006 Chair, Symposium on Safe and Sustainable Drinking Water in Developing and Developed Countries: Where Science Meets Policy, Institute for the Environment, UNC, November 2008 Organizer, Dan Okun Memorial Symposium, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, UNC, November 2007

CONSULTING ACTIVITIES

Industrial Bio-Test, Inc., Northbrook, IL Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago, Chicago,IL TenEch Environmental Consultants, Inc., South Bend, IN Galson and Galson Consulting Engineers, Syracuse, NY Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC Salisbury Laboratories, Leland, NC Church and Dwight Co., Piscataway, NJ E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Florham Park, NJ Rivers and Associates, Greenville, NC J. N. Pease Associates, Charlotte, NC JTC Environmental Consultants, Bethesda, MD James M. Montgomery Consulting Engineers, Pasadena, CA; Lake Worth, FL Malcolm Pirnie Inc., Newport News, VA; Paramus, NJ; Phoenix, AZ; San Diego, CA Richard P. Arber and Associates, Denver, CO Springs Industries, Inc., Lancaster, SC City of Monroe, North Carolina City of Wilson, North Carolina Camp Dresser and McKee, Boston, MA; Walnut Creek, CA; Raleigh, NC Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, Laurel, MD CH2M Hill Consulting Engineers, Charlotte, NC; Sacramento, CA

New York City Department of Environmental Protection, New York, NY Proctor and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, OH Greeley and Hanson Consulting Engineers, Richmond, VA JP Stevens, Greenville, SC BP Barber and Associates, Inc., Columbia, SC East Bay Municipal Utilities District, Oakland, CA Piedmont-Olsen Hensley, Raleigh, NC Black and Veatch, Kansas City, MO Hobbs and Upchurch, Southern Pines, NC Greater Vancouver Water District, Vancouver, BC Alameda County Water District, Heyward, CA Cambridge Water Board, Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, Boston, MA Hazen and Sawyer/Metcalf and Eddy Joint Venture, New York, NY CalFed Program, Sacramento, CA HDR Engineering, Denver, CO; Billings, MT Columbus Water Works, Columbus, GA Gannett Fleming, Newport News, VA Jordan Jones and Goulding, Atlanta, GA Los Angeles (CA) Department of Water and Power Boyle Engineering, Orlando, FL The Coca Cola Company, Atlanta, GA

RESEARCH AND TRAINING GRANTS

Project Director, "Chemical Aspects of Water Pollution Control," Federal Water Quality Administration, (1T1-WP-245-01-A1), 7/1/70-5/30/71, $44,442; 7/1/71-6/30/72, $55,675 (University of Notre Dame). Principal Investigator, "Hydrogeological Factors Involved in Predicting the Effects of Sanitary Landfill Operations on Ground Water Quality," Office of Water Resources Research, (C-3241), 7/1/71-6/30/73, $99,873 (University of Notre Dame).

Contributing Faculty, "Development of an Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Health Planning," US Public Health Service (PHT-9-21Ar-69), 7/1/69-6/30/74, $181,461 (University of Notre Dame). Research Investigator, "Eutrophic Lake Reclamation by Physical and Chemical Manipulations," Environmental Protection Agency, (16010 EQT), 4/1/71-3/31/74, $195,079 (University of Notre Dame). Principal Investigator, "Ozone-Sonics Process for Wastewater Treatment," Telecommunications Industries, Inc., 8/1/71-8/31/72 (University of Notre Dame). Project Co-Director, "Joint Training in Environmental Engineering and Law," Environmental Protection Agency, (T-900065), 7/1/72-6/30/73, $71,341 (University of Notre Dame). Principal Investigator, "Chemical Quality of Heating and Cooling Process Waters from North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Their Potential Environmental Impact," Environmental Studies Council, University of North Carolina 1/74-6/74, $3,875. Principal Investigator, "Removal of Trace Metals from Drinking Water Using Activated Carbon," School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 4/74-12/74, $5,000. Project Director, "Traineeships for Graduate Students in Environmental Sciences and Engineering: Energy Development and Its Environmental Impact," Energy Research and Development Admin. (E-(40-1)-4602), 9/1/74-8/31/77, $45,000. Principal Investigator, "Treatability of Dye Wastes," American Dye Manufacturing Institute/Environmental Protection Agency, 7/1/74-12/31/75, $58,000. Principal Investigator, "Ammonia Removal from Wastewater by Ligand Exchange," School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 10/74-6/76, $4,400. Principal Investigator, "Treatability Analysis of Digester Supernatant and Other Return Flows to Improve Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency," North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 7/1/75-9/30/77, $30,000. Co-Principal Investigator, "Prechlorination of Humic Substances in Water," School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 10/75-6/77, $5,000. Senior Investigator, "Chlorination of Aquatic Humic Substances," Environmental Protection Agency (R-80-4430), 7/1/76-6/30/79, $369,944. Principal Investigator, "Assessment and Control of Wastewater Contaminants Originating from the Production of Synthetic Fuels from Coal," Environmental Protection (R-80-4917), 11/1/76-10/31/81, $1,595,436. Principal Investigator, "Uptake and Release of Hazardous Substances by Suspended Materials and Sediments in Lakes," Environmental Protection Agency (R-80-4944), 11/1/76-10/31/79, $208,462. Principal Investigator, "Alleviation of Trihalomethane Formation in Drinking Water by Pretreatment with Permanganate," Carus Chemical Co., 7/1/78-6/30/79, $12,000. Principal Investigator, "Trihalomethane Formation in Water Treatment Plants in North Carolina: Assessment and Control," North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 10/1/78-9/30/80, $43,060.

Principal Investigator, "Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors from Drinking Water by Manganese Dioxide," Carus Chemical Co., 9/1/79-10/31/80, $9,520. Principal Investigator, "Pretreatment of Seawater for Desalination: Effects and Efficiency," Office of Water Research and Technology, 6/1/80-5/30/82, $397,159. Principal Investigator, "Physical-Chemical Treatment of Biologically-Treated Coal Conversion Wastewater," US Environmental Protection Agency (CR-8094), 4/19/82-4/18/85, $139,319. Principal Investigator, "The Effect of Ozonation on the Colloidal Stability of Particles in the Presence of Aquatic Humic Material," US Environmental Protection Agency (R-810235), 8/30/82-2/28/85, $181,177. Principal Investigator, "Influence of Particle Size Distribution on Sludge Dewaterability," School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, 6/1/83-12/31/84, $8098. Principal Investigator, "Formation of Halogenated Organics During Wastewater Disinfection," North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 8/15/83-6/30/85, $26,017. Principal Investigator, "An Evaluation of Alternative Oxidant and Disinfectant Strategies for Controlling Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water," US Environmental Protection Agency (CR-8lll08), 9/1/83-2/28/86, $359,578. Principal Investigator, "Case Studies of Current Disinfection Practices: Impact of Ozone on the Removal of Particles, TOC, and THM Precursors," AWWA Research Foundation, 3/1/87-9/1/88, $60,038 Principal Investigator, "A Comprehensive Assessment of Ozonation Research in Drinking Water Treatment," AWWA Research Foundation, 4/1/87-10/1/87, $12,000. Principal Investigator, "Evaluation of Ozonation for the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission Potomac and Patuxent Water Filtration Plants," Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, 1/1/87-6/30/88, $27,228. Principal Investigator, "Ozonation and Coagulation of Humic Substances at Myrtle Beach, SC," Infilco-Degremont, Inc., 9/1/88-8/31/89, $35,767. Principal Investigator, "Evaluation of Ozone/Peroxide for THM Control," Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, 1/1/89-6/30/89, $27,498. Grant Director, "Production of Environmental Engineering Doctorates," US Department of Education, 1/1/90-12/31/91, $202,000. Co-Principal Investigator, "Ozonation By-Products in Drinking Water," New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 6/21/89-6/20/90, $65,389. Co-Principal Investigator, "Treatability of Jordan Lake Water," North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 6/1/89-6/30/91, $68,215. Principal Investigator, "Assessment of Disinfection By-Product Formation in WSSC Finished Water," Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, 7/1/89-6/30/90, $55,641. Principal Investigator, "Pilot Plant Study of Contact Flocculation Using Buoyant Coarse Media," Camp Dresser and McKee, 5/1/90-6/30/91, $53,573.

Co-Principal Investigator, "Organic Nitrogen By-Products of Ozone Disinfection," New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 7/1/90-6/30/91, $67,701. Principal Investigator, "Modeling Dissolved Ozone Behavior in Ozone Contactors," American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 9/1/90-8/31/92, $96,672. Principal Investigator, "Disinfection By-Products in North Carolina Drinking Waters," North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 1/1/91-4/30/92, $66,982 Co-Principal Investigator, "Inactivation of Hepatitis A Virus by Drinking Water Disinfectants," US Environmental Protection Agency, 7/1/90-6/30/91, $160,408. Co-Principal Investigator, "Impacts of Ozonation on the Formation of Chlorination and Chloramination By-Products," AWWA Research Foundation, 11/1/91-4/30/94, $275,000. Co-Principal Investigator, "Aquifer Storage and Recovery of Treated Drinking Water," CH2M-Hill

and AWWA Research Foundation, 10/1/91-9/1/93, $79,200. Principal Investigator, "Assessment of Disinfection By-Product Formation With MIOX," EIMCO Equipment Co., 1/1/94-12/31/94, $50,997 Principal Investigator, "Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Softening for the Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors: An Evaluation," AWWA Water Utility Council, 5/1/94-4/30/95, $79,000 Co-Principal Investigator, "Chlorination By-Product Exposure Assessment Study," US Environmental Protection Agency, 1/1/94-12/31/96, $50,000 Co-Principal Investigator, "Determination of Impurities in Chemicals Used for Water Treatment," New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy, 9/1/94-8/31/95 Principal Investigator, "Formation and Control of Bromate in Ozone Contactors," KIWA, 1/1-95-12/31/96, $50,048

Co-Principal Investigator, “Assessment of Trace Element Concentrations in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Discharges in North Carolina,” North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 9/1/95-2/28/97, $99,351 Co-Principal Investigator,” Engineering of Oxidation and Granular Activated Carbon Treatment Processes to Meet New Objectives in Drinking Water Treatment, US Environmental Protection Agency, 8/1/95-7/31/97, $208,432 Principal Investigator, “Assessment of Chlorinated DBP Exposure in Metro Atlanta,” Association of Schools of Public Health and Centers for Disease Control, 8/1/96-9/30/98, $159,753 Co-Principal Investigator, “Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Prediction of Disinfection Efficiency in Drinking Water Treatment,” North Carolina Supercomputing Center, 7/1/97-12/31/99, $16,000 Principal Investigator, “Formation, Occurrence, Stability, and Dominance of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes in Treated Drinking Water,” American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 11/1/97-10/31/99, $300,000 Principal Investigator, “Control of Haloacetic Acid Formation in North Carolina Drinking Water,” North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 6/15/96-2/28/98, $54,793

Principal Investigator, “Ozonation and Enhanced Coagulation for Control of DBPs,” US Environmental Protection Agency, 3/31/98-3/30/01, $300,000 Co-Principal Investigator, “Development of a New, Simple, Innovative Procedure for the Analysis of Bromate and Other Oxy-Halides at Sub-ppb Levels in drinking Water,” US Environmental Protection Agency, 11/10/97-11/9/99, $198,460 Co-Principal Investigator, “Development of Methods for Predicting Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Concentrations in Exposure Assessment Studies,” American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 1/1/98-12/1/99, $249,990 Co-Principal Investigator, “Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products and Spontaneous Abortion,” American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 11/1/99-10/31/03, $3,500,000 Investigator, “Occurrence of Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products,” US Environmental Protection Agency, 9/1/98-8/31/01, $489,175 Principal Investigator, “Disinfection By-Product Formation in New York City’s Catskill and Delaware Water Supplies,” New York City Department of Environmental Protection and Clancy Environmental, 9/1/99-8/31/00, $121,236 Principal Investigator, “Evaluation of the MIEX DOC Process for the Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors in U.S. Drinking Waters,” Orica (Victoria, Australia) and US Environmental Protection Agency, 11/29/99-11/28/00, $50,000 Principal Investigator, “Assistance with the Vass, NC MIEX Demonstration Project,” Orica (Victoria, Australia), 8/15/01-8/14/02, $30,480 Principal Investigator, “Formation and Decay of Disinfection By-Products in the Distribution System,” Carrollo Engineers and American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 3/1/02-2/28/04, $$164,000 Principal Investigator, “Application of ICR Data to Analyze DBP Occurrence in the Context of Water Quality, Treatment, and Distribution System Characteristics,” US Environmental Protection Agency, 10/15/01-10/14/04, $100,030 Principal Investigator, "Evaluation of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Process for the Removal of Organic Material," Black and Veatch and American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 08/15/02-2/14/04, $100,000 Principal Investigator, "Supplementary Evaluations of Selected Processes for the Removal of Natural Organic Material," Black and Veatch, 08/15/02-2/14/04, $75,000 Principal Investigator, “Investigation of Showering and Other Household Water Use Activities on Internal Dose Levels of Disinfection By-Products,” Battelle and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11/19/00-04/30/02, $73,287 Principal Investigator, “Ion Exchange Treatment of CalFed Waters: Bench-Scale Resin Evaluation,” MWH Global and CalFed, 1/1/03-12/31/03, $66,860 Principal Investigator, “Compliance With Stage 2 DBP Rules for Urban Water Consortium Utilities,” North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 9/1/03-12/31/04, $57,808 Principal Investigator, “Assessment and Control of Chloramination Practices for Water Distribution Systems in North Carolina,” North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, 9/1/05-2/28/07, $73,027

Principal Investigator, “Occurrence of Selected Pharmaceutically-Active Compounds and Personal Care Products in Gwinnett County Wastewater and Drinking Water,” Gwinnett County (GA) Department of Public Utilities, 3/1/07-8/31/08, $264,501 Principal Investigator, “Ion Exchange and Ozonation for DBP Control,” MWH Global and CalFed, 1/1/09-6/31/10, $170,323

BOOKS

Singer, P. C., editor, Trace Metals and Metal-Organic Interactions in Natural Waters, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc. (1973). Singer, P. C., editor, Formation and Control of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water, American Water Works Assoc., Denver, CO (1999)

SCIENTIFIC AND PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS (*Refereed)

Stumm, W. and P. C. Singer, "Precipitation of Iron in Aerated Groundwaters," discussion, Proc. Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., Journal San. Eng. Div., 92, SA5, 120-124 (1966). *Singer, P. C., E. R. Hermann and W. O. Pipes, Flocculation of Bulked Activated Sludge Using Polyelectrolytes," Journ. Water. Poll. Control Fed., 40, R1-R9 (1968). Singer, P. C. and W. Stumm, "Kinetics of Ferrous Iron Oxidation," Proc. 2nd Symp. Coal Mine Drainage Research, p. 12, Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (1968). Singer, P. C. and W. Stumm, "The Rate Determining Step in the Production of Acidic Mine Wastes," Amer. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., 13, 80-87 (1969). Singer, P. C. and W. Stumm, Oxygenation of Ferrous Iron, Water Pollution Control Research Series, No. DAST-28, 14010, Federal Water Quality Administration, Washington, DC (1969). Echelberger, W. F., M. W. Tenney, P. C. Singer, F. H. Verohff and W. A. Garvey, "Biogeochemical Modeling of Eutrophic Lakes," Proc. Modeling the Eutrophication Process, 141-165, Univ. Florida, Gainesville, FL (1969). *Singer, P. C. and W. Stumm, "Acidic Mine Drainage, The Rate- Determining Step," Science, 167, 1121 (1970). *Singer, P. C. and W. Stumm, "The Solubility of Ferrous Iron in Carbonate-Bearing Waters," Journ. American Water Works Association, 62, 198 (1970). Theis, T. L., P. C. Singer, W. F. Echelberger and M. W. Tenney, "Phosphate Removal: Summary of Papers," discussion, Proc. Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., Journ. San. Eng. Div., 96, SA4, 1004 (1970). *Tenney, M. W., W. F. Echelberger, P. C. Singer, F. H. Verhoff and W. A. Tenney, "Biogeochemical Modeling of a Eutrophic Lake for Water Quality Improvement," Advances in Water Pollution Research, Vol. 2, S. H. Jenkins, ed., page III-21/1, Pergamon Press, New York (1971). Verhoff, F. H., W. F. Echelberger, Jr., M. W. Tenney, P. C. Singer and C. F. Cordiero, "Lake Water Quality Prediction through Systems Modeling," Proceedings 1971 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, 1061-1070 (July 1971).

*Echelberger, W. F., J. L. Pavoni, P. C. Singer and M. W. Tenney, "Disinfection of Algal-laden Waters," Proc. Amer. Soc. Civil Engr., Journ. San. Eng. Div., 98, SA5, 8472 (1972). *Singer, P. C., "Anaerobic Control of Phosphate by Ferrous Iron," Journ. Water Poll. Control Fed., 44, 663 (1972). Singer, P. C. and T. L. Theis, "Anaerobic Digestion of Sludges Containing Iron Phosphates," discussion, Proc. Amer. Soc. Civil Eng.,Journal San. Eng. Div., 98, SA5,784 (1972). Singer, P. C., "Man and His Environment: Specific Teaching Experiences," Proceedings, Seventh Annual American Assn. of Professors in Sanitary Engineering Workshop, Inst. Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Univ. of Toronto (1972). *Winkler, E. M. and P. C. Singer, "Crystallization Pressure of Salts in Stone and Concrete," Geol. Soc. of America Bulletin, 83, 3509 (1972). *Theis, T. L. and P. C. Singer, "The Stabilization of Ferrous Iron by Organic Compounds in Natural Waters," p. 303-320 in Trace Metals and Metal-Organic Interactions in Natural Waters, P. C. Singer, ed., Ann Arbor Science Publishers (1973). *Theis, T. L. and P. C. Singer, "Complexation of Iron(II) by Organic Matter and Its Effect on Iron(II) Oxygenation," Environ. Sci. Tech., 8, 569 (1974). Singer, P. C., "Chemical Processes for the Removal of Trace Metals from Drinking Water," Proceedings 16th Water Quality Conference, University of Illinois, Champagne, IL (1974). Singer, P. C., "Softener Sludge Disposal: What's Best?" Water and Wastes Engineering, pp. 25-30 (December 1974). *Singer, P. C. and W. B. Zilli, "Ozonation of Ammonia in Wastewater," Water Research, 9, 127 (1975). Singer, P. C., D. F. Lawler and D. B. Babcock, "National Organics Reconnaissance Survey for Halogenated Organics," discussion, Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 68, 452 (1976). Singer, P. C., "Influence of Dissolved Organics on the Distribution Transport, and Fate of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Systems," p. 155 in Fate of Pollutants in the Air and Water Environments, Part 1, I. H. Suffet, ed., Wiley-Interscience (1977). Singer, P. C. and R. L. Tatken, "Adsorption of Dyes from Wastewater by Activated Carbon," pp. 391-410 in Proceedings of Fifth Annual Industrial Pollution Conference and Exposition, Water and Wastewater Equipment Manufacturers Assn., McLean, VA (April 1977). Horning, R. H., P. C. Singer and L. W. Little, Textile Dyeing Wastewaters: Characterization and Treatment, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/2-78-098 (1978). Singer, P. C., F. K. Pfaender, J. Chinchilli and J. C. Lamb III, "Composition and Biodegradability of Organics in Coal Conversion Wastewaters," pp. 461-486 in Proceedings of Third Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/7-78-063 (1978). Singer, P. C., F. K. Pfaender, A. F. Maciorowski, J. E. Chinchilli, J. C. Lamb III and R. G. Goodman, Assessment of Coal Conversion Wastewaters: Characterization and Preliminary Biotreatability, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/7-78-181 (1978).

Singer, P. C., "Activated Carbon for the Removal of Trace Metals from Aqueous Solution," pp. 195-202 in Ion Exchange for Pollution Control, Vol. II, C. Calmon, ed., CRC Press (1979). *Babcock, D. B. and P. C. Singer, "Chlorination and Coagulation of Humic and Fulvic Acids," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 71, 149 (1979). *Young, J. S. and P. C. Singer, "Chloroform Formation in Public Water Supplies: A Case Study," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 71, 87 (1979). Singer, P. C., J. C. Lamb III, F. K. Pfaender, R. G. Goodman, R. Jones and D. A. Reckhow, "Evaluation of Coal Conversion Wastewater Treatability," pp. 457-478 in Proceedings of Fourth Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/7-79-217 (1979). Singer, P. C., J. C. Lamb III, F. K. Pfaender and R. Goodman, Treatability and Assessment of Coal Conversion Wastewaters: Phase I, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/7-79-248 (1979). *Singer, P. C. and C. Y. Yen, "Adsorption of Alkyl Phenols by Activated Carbon," pp. 167-189 in Activated Carbon Adsorption of Organics from the Aqueous Phase, Vol. 1, I. H. Suffet, M. J. McGuire, eds., Ann Arbor Science Publishers (1980). Lamb, J. C., P. C. Singer, R. D. Rader, G. E. Speitel and D. A. Reckhow, "Characterization and Biological Treatment of Coal Conversion Wastewaters," pp. 63-72 in Proceedings of 34th Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, Ann Arbor Science Publishers (1980). *Dempsey, B. A. and P. C. Singer, "The Effects of Calcium on the Adsorption of Zinc by MnOx(s)

and Fe(OH)3(am)," pp. 333-352 in Contaminants and Sediments, Vol. 2, R. A. Baker, ed., Ann

Arbor Science Publishers (1980). *Singer, P. C., J. H. Borchardt and J. M. Colthurst, "The Effects of Permanganate Pretreatment on Trihalomethane Formation in Drinking Water," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 72, 573 (1980). *Scrivner, A. E., P. C. Singer and J. J. Barry III, "Control of Trihalomethanes in North Carolina Drinking Water by Oxidation/Coagulation," AQUA, No. 7, pp. 141-144 (1980). Wallace, J. A. and P. C. Singer, "Precipitation of Lead from a Storage Battery Manufacturing Plant Wastewater," p. 702-717 in Proceedings of 35th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, Ann Arbor Science Publishers (1981). Singer, P. C., J. C. Lamb III, F. K. Pfaender, R. Goodman, B. R. Marshall, S. R. Shoaf, A. R. Hickey and L. McGeorge, "Effect of Sludge Age on the Biological Treatability of a Synthetic Coal Conversion Wastewater," pp. 504-536 in Proceedings of Fifth Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/9-81-006 (1981). *Singer, P. C., J. J. Barry III, G. M. Palen and A. E. Scrivner, "Trihalomethane Formation in North Carolina Drinking Waters," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 73, 393 (1981). Singer, P. C., T. Trofe and C. R. O'Melia, "Pretreatment of Seawater for Desalination," p. 435-41 in Proceedings of Water Forum '81, Vol. 1, Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers (1981). Chang, N. W. and P. C. Singer, "Formation and Removal of Bromoform During Desalination," p. 717-730 in Proceedings 1981 Amer. Water Works Assn. Annual Conference, (1981).

P. C. Singer and M. D. Gurol, "Ozonation of Phenol: Mass Transfer and Reaction Kinetic Considerations," p. 519-540 in Proceedings, Fifth Ozone World Congress, Berlin, International Ozone Assn., Vienna, VA (1981). *Colthurst, J. M. and P. C. Singer, "Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors by Permanganate Oxidation and Manganese Dioxide Adsorption," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 74, 78 (1982). Singer, P. C., J. J. Barry, III, G. M. Palen and A. E. Scrivner, Trihalomethane Formation in Water Treatment Plants in North Carolina, Report No. 179, Water Resources Research Institute, University of North Carolina (April 1982). *Lawler, D. F., P. C. Singer and C. R. O'Melia, "Particle Behavior in Gravity Thickening," Journ. Water Pollution Control Federation, 54, 10, 1388 (1982). Kukshtel, N. S., P. C. Singer and H. J. Dunn, "Monitoring and Evaluation of Particle Removal Processes for the Prevention of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Fouling," p. 1410-23 in Proceedings Water Reuse Symposium II, Amer. Water Works Assn., Denver, CO (1982). *Gurol, M. D. and P. C. Singer, "Kinetics of Ozone Decomposition: A Dynamic Approach," Environ. Sci Technology, 16, 377 (1982). Singer, P. C. and E. Miller, "Treatment of Wastewater from a Fixed-Bed Atmospheric Coal Gasifier," pp. 186-202 in Proceedings Sixth Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology, Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA-600/9-82-017 (1982). Singer, P. C. and D. F. Lawler, Treatability Analysis of Digester Supernatant and Other Return Flows to Improve Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency, Report No. 182, Water Resources Research Institute, University of North Carolina (July 1982). *Lawler, D. F., P. C. Singer and C. R. O'Melia, "Particles in Thickening: A Mathematical Model," Journ. Environ. Eng. Division, 109, 2, 332 (1983). *Singer, P. C. and M. D. Gurol, "Dynamics of the Ozonation of Phenol: I. Experimental Observations," Water Research, 17, 1163-71 (1983). *Gurol, M. D. and P. C. Singer, "Dynamics of the Ozonation of Phenol: II. Mathematical Simulation," Water Research, 17, 1173-81 (1983). Singer, P. C., "Applicability of Coagulants and Alternative Oxidants for Controlling THM Formation," Proc. AWWA Seminar on Strategies for the Control of Trihalomethanes, Amer. Water Works Assn., Denver, CO (1983). *Lawler, D. F. and P. C. Singer, "Return Flows from Sludge Treatment," Journ. Wat. Poll. Contr. Fed., 56, 118-26 (1984). *Yen, C. Y. and P. C. Singer, "Competitive Adsorption of Phenol and Substituted Phenols on Activated Carbon," Journ. Env. Eng. Div., Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., 110, 5, 976-89 (1984). *Reckhow, D. A. and P. C. Singer, "Removal of Organic Halide Precursors by Preozonation and Alum Coagulation," Journ. Amer. Wat. Works. Assn., 76, 151-7 (April 1984). *Chang, N. W. and P. C. Singer, "Formation and Fate of Bromoform During Desalination," Journ. Env. Eng. Div., Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., 110, 6, 1189-93 (1984).

Layne, M. E., P. C. Singer, and M. I. Lidwin, "Ozonation of Thiocyanate," p. 433-455 in Proceedings, Conference on Cyanide and the Environment, Geotechnical Engineering Program, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (Dec. 1984). *Reckhow, D. A. and P. C. Singer, "Mechanisms of Organic Halide Formation During Fulvic Acid Chlorination and Implications with Respect to Pre-Ozonation," Ch. 96 in Water Chlorination: Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects, Vol. 5, R.L. Jolley, et al., editors, Chelsea, MI: Lewis Publishers, Inc. (1985). *Cole, A. I. and P. C. Singer, "Conditioning of Anaerobically Digested Sludge," Journ. Env. Eng. Div., Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., 111, 4, 501-10 (1985). Singer, P. C. and S. D. Chang, "Correlations Among Trihalomethane and Total Organic Halide Formation in Water Treatment Facilities," p. 201-216, Proceedings Amer. Water Works Annual Conf., Washington, DC, June 1985. *Reckhow, D. A., B. Legube and P. C. Singer, "The Ozonation of Organic Precursors: Effect of Bicarbonate," Water Research, 20, 8, 987-998 (1986). American Water Works Association, "Roundtable: Trends in Ozonation," moderated by P.C. Singer, Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assn., 77, 19 (Aug. 1985). Reckhow, D. A., P. C. Singer and R. R. Trussell, "Ozone as a Coagulant Aid," p. 17-46, Proceedings AWWA Seminar on Ozonation: Recent Advances and Research Needs, Denver, CO (1986). Singer, P.C., "THM Control Using Alternative Oxidant and Disinfection Strategies: An Evaluation," p. 999-1017, Proceedings AWWA Annual Conf., Denver, CO (1986). *Werdehoff, K. S. and P. C. Singer, "Chlorine Dioxide Effects on THMFP, TOXFP, and the Formation of Inorganic By-Products," Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assn., 79, 107-13 (Sept. 1987). Dowbiggin, W. B. and P. C. Singer, "Factors Affecting the Stability of Particles in Natural Waters and Their Susceptibility to Ozone-Induced Microflocculation," Proceedings American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Kansas City, MO June 1987. *Robinson, R.B., F.J. Dart, K. Pisarczyk, P.C. Singer and W. Sung, "Committee Report: Research Needs for the Treatment of Iron and Manganese," A Report to the Trace Inorganic Substances Research Committee, Journ. American Water Works Assn., 79, 9, 119 (Sept. 1987). *Singer, P. C. and W. K. O'Neil, "Technical Note: The Formation of Chlorate from the Reaction of Chlorine and Chlorite in Dilute Aqueous Solution," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 79, 75-76 (Nov. 1987). Singer, P.C., R.A. Brown and J.F. Wiseman, Jr., Formation of Halogenated Organics During Wastewater Disinfection, Report No. 239, University of North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute, Raleigh, NC (Nov. 1988). Singer, P.C., Alternative Oxidant and Disinfectant Treatment Strategies for Controlling Trihalomethane Formation, Report No. EPA/600/S2-88/044, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (Oct. 1988). Singer, P.C. and S.D. Chang, "Characterization of the Impact of Pre-Ozonation of Raw Drinking Water," Proceedings 1988 Spring Technical Conf., International Ozone Association, Monroe, MI (April 1988).

Chang, S.D. and P.C. Singer, "The Impact of Ozonation on the Removal of Particles, TOC, and THM Precursors," Proceedings American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Orlando, FL (June 1988). *Singer, P.C., "Trihalomethane Formation Potential," p. 17-45 in The Search for a Surrogate, American Water Works Assn. Research Foundation, Denver, CO (Oct. 1988). Singer, P. C. Assessment of Ozonation Research in Drinking Water, Report submitted to the Amer. Water Works Assn. Research Foundation, Oct. 1988. *Dempsey, B.A., J.A. Davis and P.C. Singer, "A Review of Solid-Solution Interactions and Implications for the Control of Trace Inorganic Materials in Water Treatment," A Report to the Trace Inorganic Substances Research Committee, Journ. American Water Works Assn., 80, 10, 56 (Oct. 1988). Haws, B. and P.C. Singer, "Trihalomethanes in North Carolina Drinking Waters: An Assessment," Journal, North Carolina Section, Amer. Water Works Assn., 54, 261 (1989). *Singer, P.C., Impact of Ozone on the Removal of Particles, TOC, and THM Precursors, American Water Works Assn. Research Foundation, Denver, CO, (June 1989). *Singer, P.C. and S.D. Chang, "Correlations Between Trihalomethanes and Total Organic Halides Formed During Water Treatment," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 81, 8, 61, Aug. 1989. *Dowbiggin, W.B. and P.C. Singer, "Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Calcium on a Ozone-Induced Particle Destabilization," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 81, 6, 77 (June 1989). *Singer, P.C., K. Robinson and R.A. Elefritz, "Ozonation at Belle Glade, FL: A Case History, Ozone. Sci. Eng., 12, 2, 199 (1990). *Reckhow, D.A., P.C. Singer and R.L. Malcolm, "Chlorination of Humic Materials: By-Product Formation and Chemical Interpretations," Env. Sci. Tech., 24, 11, 1655 (1990). *Reckhow, D.A. and P.C. Singer, "Chlorination By-products in Drinking Waters: From Formation Potentials to Finished Water Concentrations," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 82, 4, 173, (April 1990). *Singer, P.C., "Assessing Ozonation Research Needs in Water Treatment," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 82, 10, 78 (Oct 1990) *Teefy, S. and P.C. Singer, "Performance and Analysis of Tracer Tests to Determine Compliance of a Disinfection Scheme With the SWTR," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 82, 12, 88 (Dec 1990). *Chang, S.D. and P.C. Singer, "The Impact of Ozonation on Particle Stability and the Removal of TOC and THM Precursors," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 83, 3, 71 (Mar 1991). *Karimi, A.A. and P.C. Singer, "Trihalomethane Formation in Open Reservoirs," Journ. American Water Works Assn., 83, 3, 84 (Mar 1991). LeLacheur, R.L., P.C. Singer and M.J. Charles, "Disinfection By-Products in New Jersey Drinking Waters," p. 791 in Proceedings American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Philadelphia, PA, June 1991.

Singer, P.C., "Critical Elements of Process Design for Ozonation Systems," p. 15 in Proceedings American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Philadelphia, PA, June 1991. Singer, P.C., "Research Needs for Alternative Oxidants and Disinfectants," p. 143 in Proceedings, American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Philadelphia, PA, June 1991. LeLacheur, R.M., M.J. Charles, R.F. Christman and P.C. Singer, "Development of Methods to Identify Aldehydes and Polyfunctional Carbonyl Compounds," p. 379 in Proceedings, AWWA Water Quality Technology Conf., Orlando, FL, Nov. 1991. Hull, C.S., P.C. Singer, K. Saravanan and C.T. Miller, "Ozone Mass Transfer and Reaction: Completely Mixed Systems," in Proceedings, American Water Works Association Annual Conf., Vancouver, B.C., June 1992. *Greiner, A.D., A. Obolensky and P.C. Singer, "Technical Note: A Comparison Between Predicted and Observed Disinfection By-Product Concentrations," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 84,11,99 (Nov. 1992). Singer, P.C., A. Obolensky, and A.D. Greiner, "Relationships Among Disinfection By-Products in Chlorinated Drinking Waters," p. 1729-1743 in Proceedings, AWWA Water Quality Technology Conf., Toronto, Ont. Nov. 1992 *Singer, P.C., "Trihalomethanes and Other By-Products Formed by Chlorination of Drinking Water," pp. 141-164, in Keeping Pace with Science and Engineering: Case Studies in Environmental Regulation, M. Uman, ed., National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1993. *Singer, P.C., "Formation and Characterization of Disinfection By-Products," in Safety of Water Disinfection: Balancing Chemical and Microbial Risks, International Life Sciences Institute, Washington DC, 1993. *Lawler, D.F. and P.C. Singer, "Analyzing Disinfection Kinetics and Reactor Design: A Conceptual Approach Versus the SWTR," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 85, 11, 67 (Nov. 1993). *Singer, P.C., R.D.G. Pyne, M. AVS, C.T. Miller, and C. Mojonnier, "Examining the Impact of Aquifer Storage and Recovery on DBPs," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 85, 11, 85 (Nov 1993). *LeLacheur, R.M., L.B. Sonnenberg, P.C. Singer, R.F. Christman, and M.J. Charles, "Identification of Carbonyl Compounds in Environmental Samples," Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 13, 2745 (1993). Smith, M.E., G.A. Cowman, and P.C. Singer, "Impact of Ozonation on Disinfection By-Product Formation," in Proceedings American Water Works Association Annual Conf., San Antonio, TX, June, 1993. Schechter, D.S. and P.C. Singer, "Comparative Formation of Ozonation By-Products in Real and Model Waters," In Proceedings Eleventh Ozone World Congress, S-5-1 to S-5-13, Internat'l Ozone Assoc., Stanford, CT, Sept. 1993. Singer, P.C. and G.W. Harrington, "Coagulation of DBP Precursors: Theoretical and Practical Considerations," pp. 1-19, in Proceedings, AWWA, Water Quality Technology Conf., (Nov 1993). Singer, P.C., L.M. Ball, F.A. DiGiano, K.L. Miller and H.C. Taylor, Treatability Assessment of Jordan Lake, Report No. 281, Water Resources Research Institute of the University of North Carolina, Raleigh, NC (1994).

*Schulz, C.R., P.C. Singer, R. Gandley, and J.E. Nix, "Evaluating Buoyant Coarse Media Flocculation," Journ Amer. Water Works Assoc., 86, 8, 51 (Aug. 1994). *Singer, P.C., "Control of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water," Journ. Environ. Eng. Div., ASCE, 120, 4, 727, Jul./Aug. 1994. Cowman, G.C. and P.C. Singer, “Effect of Pre-Ozonation on Haloacetic Speciation in Chlorinated Waters Containing Bromide,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, Amer. Water Works Assoc. (1994) Singer, P.C., G.W. Harrington, G.M. Cowman, M.E. Smith, D.S. Schechter, and L.J. Harrington, "Impact of Ozonation on the Formation of Chlorination and Chloramination By-Products," p. 921 in Proceedings 1994 American Water Works Association Annual Conf., New York, NY. Black, B.D., G.W. Harrington, and P.C. Singer, "Impact of Organic Carbon Removal on Cancer Risks Posed by Drinking Water Chlorination," p. 703 in Proceedings 1994 American Water Works Association Annual Conf., New York, NY. Hull, C.S. and P.C. Singer, "Modeling of Ozone Contactors," p. 857 in Proceedings 1994 American Water Works Association Annual Conf., New York, NY. *Schechter, D.S.and P.C. Singer, “Formation of Aldehydes During Ozonation,” Ozone Sci. Eng., 17, 1, 53 (1995) *Singer, P.C., A. Obolensky, and A. Greiner, “DBPs in Chlorinated North Carolina Drinking Waters,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. 87, 10, 83 (Oct 1995) Singer, P.C., A.E. Smith, and G.W. Harrington, “Estimated Compliance of North Carolina Water Treatment Plants With Proposed Enhanced Coagulation Requirements,” Proc. 1994 Annual Conf., North Carolina Section Amer. Water Works Assoc./Wat. Environ. Fed., vol. 70, p. 188-197 (1995) Jackson, T.L., and P.C. Singer, “Evaluation of Organic Carbon Loadings in Two reservoirs,” Proc. 1994 Annual Conf., North Carolina Section Amer. Water Works Assoc./Wat. Environ. Fed., vol. 70, p. 178-187 (1995) Kachur, S.B. and P.C. Singer, “Predicting THM Concentrations Using Models,” Proc. 1994 Annual Conf., North Carolina Section Amer. Water Works Assoc./Wat. Environ. Fed., vol 70, p. 198-207 (1995) *Cowman, G.A. and P.C. Singer, “Effect of Bromide Ion on Haloacetic Acid Speciation Resulting From Chlorination and Chloramination of Aquatic Humic Substances,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 1, 16 (1996) *B. D. Black, G.W. Harrington, and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Organic Carbon Removal on Cancer Risks Posed by Drinking Water Chlorination,” Journ. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 88, 12, 40 (Dec 1996). Singer, P.C., A. Obolensky, and T. Greiner, Disinfection By-Products in North Carolina Drinking Waters, Report No. 300, Water Resources Research Institute of the Univ. North Carolina, Raleigh, NC (1996) *Harrington, G.W., A. Bruchet, D. Rybacki, and P.C. Singer, “Characterization of Natural Organic Matter and its Reactivity with Chlorine,” pp 138-158 in Water Disinfection and Natural Organic Matter, R.A, Minear and G.L. Amy, eds., Adv. Chem Ser #649, Amer Chem Soc, 1996

Jackson, J.C. and P.C. Singer, “An Analysis of Residence Time Distributions in Clearwells of North Carolina Water Treatment Facilities, ” Proc. Annual Conf., North Carolina Section Amer. Water Works Assoc./Wat. Environ. Fed., 1996 *Reif, J.S., M.C. Hatch, M. Bracken, L. Holmes, B.A. Schwetz, and P.C. Singer, “Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water,” Env. Health Persp., 104, 10, 1056 (Oct 1996) *Pyne, R.D.G., P.C. Singer, C.T. Miller, Aquifer Storage Recovery of Treated Drinking Water, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO (1996) VanderMarck, M.M., P.C. Singer, G.A. Cowman, “Prediction of HAA9 Concentrations from HAA5 Measurements,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, Amer. Water Works Assoc. (1996) *Singer, P.C., G.W. Harrington, J. Thompson, and M. White, “Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Softening for the Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors: An Evaluation,” Amer. Water Works Assoc. Water Utility Council Report, Denver, CO (1996) Singer, P.C., T.L. Hickey, H.S. Weinberg, “Formation of Bromate In A Continuous Flow Ozonation Reactor,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, Amer. Water Works Assoc. (1997). Parameswar, C., T.D. LeCourt, F.A. DiGiano, P.C. Singer, “Biodegradation Kinetics and Adsorption of Ozonated Natural Organic Matter and Aldehydes,” Proc. Amer. Water Works Assoc. Anual Conf. (1997). *White, M.C., J.D Thompson, G.W. Harrington, and P.C. Singer, “Evaluating Criteria for Enhanced Coagulation Compliance,” Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 89, 5, 90 (1997) *Thompson, J.D., M.C. White, G.W. Harrington, and P.C. Singer, “Enhanced Softening: Factors Influencing DBP Precursor Removal,” Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 89, 6, 94 (1997). Singer, P.C., J. Shi, and H.S. Weinberg, “Impact of pH Adjustment and Chloramination for the Control of Haloacetic Acid Formation in North Carolina Drinking Water,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, AWWA, (1998) Rossman, L.A., R.A. Brown, P.C. Singer, J.R. Nuckols, “Kinetics of THM and HAA Production in a Simulated Distribution System,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, Amer. Water Works Assoc. (1999) Singer, P.C., H. Arora, E. Dundore, K. Brophy, and H.S. Weinberg, “Control of Haloacetic Acid Concentrations by Biofiltration: A Case Study,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf, Amer. Water Works Assoc. (1999) *Singer, P.C., G.W. Harrington, G.A. Cowman, M.E. Smith, D.S. Schechter, and L.J. Harrington, Impacts of Ozonation on the Formation of Chlorination and Chloramination By-Products, Report No. 90766, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO (1999) *Brophy, K.S., H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer, “Quantification of Nine Halogenated Acetic Acids Using Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection,” pp. 343-355 In: Natural Organic Matter and Disinfection By-Products: Characterization and Control in Drinking Water, ACS Symposium Series 761, S.E. Barrett, S.W. Krasner, and G.L. Amy, eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. (2000) *Singer, P.C. and D.A. Reckhow, “Chemical Oxidation,” Ch. 12 in Water Quality and Treatment, R.D. Letterman, ed., McGraw Hill (1999)

Kachur, S.B., P.C. Singer, and D.T. Hull, “An Evaluation of Methods for Predicting Total Trihalomethane Concentrations in Exposure Assessment Studies,” submitted to Journ. Env. Eng. (Sept 1999). Singer, P.C., “Humic Substances as Precursors for Potentially Harmful Disinfection By-Products,” Water Science Technol., 40, 9, 25-20 (1999) Miles, A.M., P.C. Singer, D. Ashley, M. Lynberg, P. Mendola, and J. Nuckols, “Comparison of Trihalomethanes Measured in Tap Water With Levels Measured in Blood Samples,” Proc. AWWA Annual Conference AWWA, Denver, CO (2000) *Singer, P.C. and C.S. Hull, Modeling Dissolved Ozone Behavior in Ozone Contactors, Report No. 90769, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO (2000) Baribeau, H., S.W. Krasner, R. Chinn, and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Biomass on the Stability of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes in a Simulated Distribution System,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., Amer. Water Works Assoc., Salt lake City, UT, (Nov 2000) Singer, P.C. and K. Bilyk, “Enhanced Coagulation Using a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., Amer. Water Works Assoc., Salt Lake City, UT, (Nov 2000) Delcomyn, C.A., H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer, “Measurement of Sub-µg/L Levels of Bromate in Chlorinated Drinking Waters,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., Amer. Water Works Assoc., Salt Lake City, UT, (Nov 2000) *Rossman, L.A., R.A. Brown, P.C. Singer, and J.R. Nuckols,, “DBP Formation Kinetics in a Simulated Distribution System,” Water Research, 35, 14, 3483-89 (2001) *Lynberg, M., J.R. Nuckols, P. Langlois, D. Ashley, P.C. Singer, P. Mendola, C. Wilkes, H. Krapfl, E. Miles, V. Speight, B. Lin, L. Small, A. Miles, M. Bonin, P. Zeitz, A. Tadkod, J. Henry, and M. Forrester, “Assessing Exposure to Disinfection Byproducts in Women of Reproductive Age Living in Corpus Christi, Texas, and Cobb County, Georgia: Descriptive Results and Methods,” Environ. Health Persp., 109, 6, 597-604 (2001) Singer, P.C., “Variability and Assessment of Disinfection By-Product Concentrations in Water Distribution Systems,” p. 211-223 in Microbial Pathogens and Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water: Health Effects and Management of Risks, G.F. Craun, F.S. Hauchman, and D.E. Robinson, eds., International Life Sciences Inst., Washington DC (2001) *Nuckols J.R., L.A Rossman, P.C. Singer, V. Speight, H. Krapfl, A. Miles, and L. Small, Development of Exposure Assessment Methods for THM and HAA in Water Distribution Systems, Report No. 90842, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO (2001) *Barnett, M. O., R. R. Turner and P. C. Singer, “Oxidative Dissolution of Metacinnabar (-HgS) by Dissolved Oxygen,” Applied Geochemistry 16(13): 1499-1512 (2001) Liang, L. and P. C. Singer,"Factors Influencing the Formation and Relative Distribution of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes under Controlled Chlorination Conditions," Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Association, Nashville, TN (2001) Pereira, V., H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer, "Development of a Sampling Approach to Assess Patterns of Exposure to Disinfection By-Products in a Chloraminated Drinking Water System," Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Association, Nashville, TN (2001)

*DiGiano, F. A., P.C. Singer, C. Parameswar, and T. D. LeCourt, "Biodegradation Kinetics of Ozonated Natural Organic Matter and Aldehydes," Journ. Amer. Water Works Assn., 93, 8, 92-104 (2001) *Roberts, M., P.C. Singer, and A. Obolensky, “Comparisons Between Total Haloacetic Acid and Total Trihalomethane Concentrations in Finished Drinking Water: An Analysis of ICR Data,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 94, 1, 103-114 (2002) *Arbuckle, T.E., S.E. Hrudey, S.W. Krasner, J.R. Nuckols, S.D. Richardson, P.C. Singer, P. Mendola, L. Dodds, C. Weisel, D.L. Ashley, K.L. Froese, R.A. Pegram, I.R. Schultz, J.Reif; A.M. Bachand, F.M. Benoit; M. Lynberg, C. Poole, and K. Waller, " Assessing Exposure in Epidemiologic Studies to Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water: Report from an International Workshop, Environ. Health Persp., 110, 2, 53-60 (2002) *Singer, P.C., H.S. Weinberg, K. Brophy, L. Liang, M. Roberts, I. Grisstede, S. Krasner, H. Baribeau, H. Arora, and I. Najm, Relative Dominance of HAAs and THMs in Treated Drinking Water, Report No. 90844, American Water Works Asssociation Research Foundation, Denver, CO (2002) *Miles, A.M., P.C. Singer, D.L. Ashley, M.C. Lynberg, P. Mendola, P.H. Langlois, and J.R. Nuckols, “Comparison of Trihalomethanes in Tap Water and Blood,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 8, 1692 (2002) *Eyring, A.M., H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer, "Measurement and Effect of Trace Element Contaminants in Alum," Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 94, 5, 135 (2002) *Singer, P.C. and K. Bilyk, "Enhanced Coagulation Using a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin," Water Research, 36, 16, 4009 - 4022 (2002) *Chaiket, T., P.C. Singer, A. Miles, M. Moran, and C. Pallotta, " The Effectiveness of Coagulation, Ozonation, and Biofiltration in Controlling Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water", Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. 94, 12, 81-95 (2002) Franchi, A., P.C. Singer, Z. Chowdhury, J. Carter, and N.O. Grace, “Evaluation of Low-Cost Strategies for the Control of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Seattle, WA (2002) *Singer, P.C., “Occurrence of Haloacetic Acids in Chlorinated Drinking Water,” Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2, 5-6, 487-492 (2002) *Liang, L. and P.C. Singer, “Factors Influencing the Formation and Relative Distribution of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 13, 2920-2928 (2003) Miltner, R.J., P.C. Singer, C. Arlotta, and N.M. Snider-Sajdak, “Effectiveness of Pre- and Post-Ozonation on the Enhanced Coagulation of DBP Precursors ,” Proc. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. Annual Conf, Anaheim, CA (2003) Singer, P.C. and C. Johnson, "Reduction in Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation Using a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin,” Proc. International Ozone Association World Congress, Las Vegas, NV (2003) Boulos, L., H. Baribeau, P.C. Singer, C. Nichols, S. Williams, and R. Gullick, “Methodology for Selecting Distribution System Sites for DBP Monitoring,” Proc. Distribution Systems Symposium, American Water Works Assoc. (Sep 2003)

Singer, P.C., E. DePaz, D.L. Ashley, B. Blount, J.R. Nuckols, C.R. Wilkes, D. Cade, C. Lyu, S. Gordon, J. Masters, M. Brinkman, “Impact of Trihalomethane Concentrations in Tap Water and Water Use Activities on Biological Levels of Trihalomethanes,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) Singer, P.C. and C.J. Johnson, “Reduction in Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation Using a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) Boulos, L., H. Baribeau, P.C. Singer, C. Nichols, and S. Schlesinger, S. Williams, R. Gullick, “Formation and Decay of THMs and HAAs in Distribution Systems: Results of Five Case Studies,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) Biddle, L.A. H.S Weinberg, P.C. Singer, “Variability in the Speciation of Brominated Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water Distribution Systems,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) Obolensky, A. and P.C. Singer. “Analysis of Halogen Substitution Patterns in DBPs Using ICR Data and their Applications,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) George C. Budd, G.C., P.C. Singer, J.C. Edwards, B.W. Long, M.E. Meisch. D.J. Rexing. C.A. Owen. J.B. Cook, and B.L. Joslyn, “Magnetized Ion Exchange (MIEX): Evaluation of Process Impacts in Different Sources,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Philadelphia, PA (2003) *Singer, P.C., C. Arlotta, N. Snider-Sajdak, and R.A. Miltner, " Effectiveness of Pre- and Post-Ozonation on the Enhanced Coagulation of Disinfection By-Product Precursors in Drinking Water," Ozone Science and Engineering, 25, 6, 453-471 (2003) *Singer, P.C., “Disinfection By-Products in U.S. Drinking Waters: Past, Present, and Future,” Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 4, 1, 151-157 (2004) *Symanski, E., D.A. Savitz, and P.C. Singer, “Assessing Spatial Fluctuations, Temporal Variability, and Measurement Error in Estimated Levels of Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water: Implications for Exposure Assessment,” Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61:65-72 (2004) Boyer, T.H., P.C. Singer, E. DePaz, “Bench-Scale Testing of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin for Removal of Natural Organic Material,” Proc. American Water Works Assoc. Annual Conference, Orlando, FL (2004) *Johnson, C.J. and P.C. Singer, “Impact of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin on Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation During Drinking Water Treatment,” Water Research, 38:17, 3738-3750 (2004) Wert, E.C., J.C. Edwards, P.C. Singer, G. Budd, “Impact of MIEX Pretreatment on Ozonation and Bromate Formation: A Pilot Plant Evaluation,” Proc. American Water Works Assoc. Annual Conference, Orlando, FL (2004) Archer, A.D. and P.C. Singer, “Evaluating the Relationship between SUVA and the Susceptibility of Water to Enhanced Coagulation using the Information Collection Rule Database,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., San Antonio, TX (2004)

Baribeau, H., L. Boulos, H. Haileselassie, P.C. Singer, C. Nichols, S. Schlesinger, S. Williams, and R. Gullick, “Formation and Decay of THMS and HAAS in Five Full-Scale Distribution Systems,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., San Antonio, TX (2004) *Pereira, V.R.P.J., H.S. Weinberg, and P.C. Singer, “Temporal and Spatial Variability of Disinfection By-Products in a Chloraminated Distribution System,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 96, 11, 91 (2004) *Singer, P.C. and L. Liang, “Coagulation of Natural Organic Material; Effects on Speciation of Halogenated Disinfection By-products,” Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 4, 4, 245-250 (2004) *Speight, V.L. and P.C. Singer, “Association Between Residual Chlorine and Reduction in Haloacetic Acid Concentrations in Distribution Systems,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 97, 2, 82-91 (2005) *Baribeau, H., S.W. Krasner, R. Chinn, P.C. Singer, “Impact of Biomass on the Stability of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes in a Simulated Distribution System,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 97, 2, 69-81 (2005) Singer, P.C. and N.J. Han, “An Approach to Assessing Potential Compliance with the Proposed Stage 2 Disinfection By-Products Rule,” Proc. Environ. Water Resources Inst., ASCE, Anchorage, AK (2005) Singer, P.C., S.A. Schlesinger, C. Nichols, H. Baribeau, and L. Boulos, “Formation and Decay of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids in Full-Scale Drinking Water Distribution Systems: A Case Study,” Proc. Environ. Water Resources Inst., ASCE, Anchorage, AK (2005) Carrico, B.T. and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Booster Chlorination on THM Production: A Simulated Analysis,” Proc. Environ. Water Resources Inst., ASCE, Anchorage, AK (2005)

Archer, A.D. and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Enhanced Coagulation on Total Organic Halide Production,” Proc. Amer. Water Works Assoc. Annual Conf. (2005) *Boyer, T.H. and P.C. Singer. “Bench-Scale Testing of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin for Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors,” Water Research, 39, 1265-1276 (2005) *Obolensky, A. P.C. Singer, “Halogen Substitution Patterns Among Disinfection Byproducts in the Information Collection Rule Database,” Environ. Sci. and Technol., 39, 8, 2719-2730 (2005)

*Lin, Y.P., P.C. Singer, and G.R. Aitken, “Inhibition of Calcite Precipitation by Natural Organic Material: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Thermodynamics,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 17, 6420-28 (2005) *Nuckols, J.R., Ashley D.L., Lyu C., Gordon S.M., Hinckley A.F., Singer P., “Influence of Tap Water Quality and Household Water Use Activities on Indoor Air and Internal Dose Levels of Trihalomethanes,” Environ Health Perspect. 113, 7, 863-70 (2005) *Lin, Y.P. and P.C. Singer, “Effects of Seed Material and Solution Composition on Calcite Precipitation,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 69, 18, 4495-4504 (2005) *Weinberg, H.S., S.J. Cook, and P.C. Singer, “Insights to False Positive Total Cyanide Measurements in Wastewater Plant Effluents,” Water Environment Research, 77, 5, 491-499 (2005)

*Wert. E.C, Edwards-Brandt, J.C., Singer, P.C., and G.C. Budd. “Evaluating Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin (MIEX) Pretreatment to Increase Ozone Disinfection and Reduce Bromate Formation.” Ozone Sci. Eng. 27, 5, 371-379 (2005) *Mercer, K., Y.P. Lin, and P.C. Singer, “Enhancing Precipitation by Heterogeneous Nucleation,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 97, 12, 116-125 (2005) *Lin, Y.P. and P.C. Singer, “Inhibition of Calcite Precipitation by Polyphosphates,” Water Research, 39, 4835-4843 (2005) Boyer, T.H. and P.C. Singer,” Continuous-Flow Pilot-Scale Testing of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin for Removal of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors,” Proc. Water Qual. Technol.. Conf., Amer. Water Works Assoc. (2005) *Savitz, D.A., P.C. Singer, K.E. Hartmann, A.H. Herring, H.S. Weinberg, C. Makarushka, C. Hoffman, R. Chan, R. Maclehose, Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products and Pregnancy Loss., Report No. 91088F, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO (2005) *Budd, G.C, B.W. Long, J.C. Edwards-Brandt, P.C. Singer, and M. Meisch, Evaluation of MIEX Process Impacts on Different Source Waters,” Report No. 91067F, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver CO (2005) *Ashley, D.L., B.C. Blount, P.C. Singer, E. DePaz, C. Wilkes, S. Gordon, C. Lyu, J. Masters, “Changes in Blood Trihalomethane Concentrations Resulting from Differences in Water Quality and Water Use Activities,” Archives of Environmental and Occupational Health, 60, 1, 7-15 (2005) *Baribeau,H., L Boulos, H. Haileselassie, G. Crozes, P.C. Singer, C. Nichols, S.A. Schlesinger, R.W. Gullick, S L. Williams, R.L. Williams, L. Fountleroy, S.A. Andrews, E. Moffat, Formation and Decay of Disinfection By-Products in the Distribution System, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver CO (2006) *Weinberg, H.S., V.R.P.J. Pereira, P.C. Singer, and D.A. Savitz, “Considerations for Improving the Accuracy of Exposure to Disinfection By-Products by Ingestion in Epidemiologic Studies,” Science Total Environ., 354, 1, 35-42 (2006) *Lin, Y.P. and P.C. Singer, “Inhibition of calcite precipitation by orthophosphate: Speciation and thermodynamic considerations,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70, 2530-2639 (2006) *Gordon, S.M., M.C. Brinkman, D.L. Ashley, B. Blount, C. Lyu, J. Masters, and P.C. Singer, “Changes in Breath Trihalomethane Levels Resulting From Household Water Use Activities,” Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 6, 514-521 (2006) *Boyer, T.H. and P. C. Singer, “A Pilot-Scale Evaluation of Magnetic Ion Exchange Treatment for Removal of Natural Organic Material and Inorganic Anions,” Water Research, 40, 15, 2865-2876 (2006) *Archer, A.D. and P.C. Singer, “An Evaluation of the Relationship Between SUVA and NOM Coagulation Using the ICR Database,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc, 98, 7, 110-123 (2006). *Archer, A.D. and P.C. Singer, “Impact of SUVA and Enhance Coagulation on the Removal of Total Organic Halide Precursors,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc, 98, 8, 97-107 (2006). *Savitz, D.A., P.C. Singer, A.H. Herring, K.E. Hartmann, H.S. Weinberg, C. Makarushka, “Exposure to Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products and Pregnancy Loss,” American Journal of Epidemiology, 164, 11, 1043-1051 (2006)

*Forssen, U.M. , A.H. Herring, D.A. Savitz, M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, P.C. Singer, P.A. Murphy, J.M. Wright, “Changes in Water Intake and Use During Pregnancy,” Amer. Journ. Epidemiology, 163, 11, S30-S30 (2006) *Singer, P.C., “Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water: Additional Science and Policy Considerations in the Pursuit of Public Health Protection,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 98, 10, 73-80 (2006) Singer, P.C., “Regulation of Only Five Haloacetic Acids is Neither Sound Science Nor Good Policy,” Proc. Symposium on Safe Drink Water: Where Science Meets Policy, Carolina Environmental Program, University of North Carolina (2006) *Pereira, V.J., H.S. Weinberg, K.G. Linden, and P.C. Singer, “UV degradation kinetics and modeling of pharmaceutical compounds in laboratory grade and surface water via direct and indirect photolysis at 254 nm,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 5, 1682-1688 (2007) *Obolensky, A, P.C. Singer, and H.M. Shukairy, “Information Collection Rule Data Evaluation and Analysis to Support Impacts on Disinfection By-Product Formation,” Journ. Environ. Eng., 133, 1, 53-63 (2007) *Forssén, U.M, A.H. Herring, D.A. Savitz, M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, P.A. Murphy, P.C. Singer, J.M. Wright, “Predictors of Use and Consumption of Public Drinking Water Among Pregnant Women,” Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 17, 159-169 (2007) *Dyksen, J.E., C. Spencer, R. Hoehn, J. Clement, J. Brandt-Edwards, M.J. Friedman, A. Hanson, R. Spellecacy, M.J. McGuire, P.C. Singer, A. Camper, “Long-Term Effects of Disinfection Changes on Water Quality,” Report No. 91169, American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver CO (2007) *Singer, P.C., M. Schneider, J. Edwards-Brandt, and G.C. Budd, “Magnetic Ion Exchange for the Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors: Pilot Plant Findings,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 99, 4, 128-139 (2007) *Johnston, R.B. and P.C. Singer, “Solubility of Symplesite (Ferrous Arsenate): Implications for Reduced Groundwaters and Other Geochemical Environments,” Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71, 1, 101-107 (2007) *Shoaf, D.R. and P.C. Singer, “An Analysis of Monitoring Data for the Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 99, 10, 69-80 (2007) *Johnston, R.B. and P.C. Singer, “Redox Reactions in the Fe–As–O2 System,” Chemosphere, 69, 4, 517-525 (2007) *Luben, T.J., A.F. Olshan, A.H. Herring, S. Jeffay, L. Strader, R.M. Buus, R.L. Chan, D.A. Savitz, P.C. Singer, H.S. Weinberg, and S.D. Perreault, “The Healthy Men Study: An Evaluation of Exposure To Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water and Sperm Quality,” Environmental Health Perspectives, 115, 8, 1169-76 (2007) Boyer, T.H., P.C. Singer, and G.R. Aiken, “Stoichiometric Removal of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors by Ion Exchange,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Charlotte, NC (2007) Singer, P.C, T.H. Boyer, A. Holmquist, J. Morran, M. Bourke, “Integrated Analysis of NOM Removal by Magnetic Ion Exchange,” Proc. Water Quality Technol. Conf., American Water Works Assoc., Charlotte, NC (2007)

Singer, P.C. and J. Shi, Control of Haloacetic Acid Formation in North Carolina Drinking Water, Report No. 379, North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute (2007) Singer, P.C. and N.J. Han, Estimated Compliance with the Proposed Stage 2 Disinfection By-Products Rule for Eleven Water Utilities in North Carolina, Report No. 365, North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute (2007) *Boyer, T H. and P.C. Singer, “Stoichiometry of Removal of Natural Organic Matter by Ion Exchange,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 2, 608–613 (2008). *Drikas, M., P. Singer, C. Chow, and M. Holmes, “Disinfection By-Products: An Australian View,” Journ. Australian Water Assoc., 35, 1, 80-85 (2008) *Boyer, T.H., C.T. Miller, and P.C. Singer, “Modeling the Removal of Dissolved Organic Carbon by Anion Exchange in a Completely Mixed Flow Reactor with Resin Recycle and Partial Resin Regeneration,” Water Research, 42, 8/9, 1897-2006 (2008) *Hoffman, C.S., P. Mendola, D.A. Savitz, A.H. Herring, D. Loomis, K.E. Hartmann, P.C. Singer, H.S. Weinberg, A.F. Olshan, ”Drinking Water Disinfection By-product Exposure and Fetal Growth,” Epidemiology, 19:5:729-737 (2008) *Hoffman, C.S., P. Mendola, D.A. Savitz, A.H. Herring, D. Loomis, K.E. Hartmann, P.C. Singer, H.S. Weinberg, A.F. Olshan, ”Drinking Water Disinfection By-product Exposure and Duration of Gestation,” Epidemiology, 19:5:738-746 (2008) *MacLehose, R.F., D.A. Savitz, A.H. Herring, K.E. Hartmann, P.C. Singer, H.S. Weinberg, “Drinking water disinfection by-products and time to conception,” Epidemiology, 19:3:451-458 (2008) Boyer, T.H. and P.C. Singer, “Removal of Natural Organic Material by a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin,” Water Science and Technology: Water Supply-WSTWS, 8, 2,167-172 (2008) *Chow, A.T., D.M. Leech, T.H. Boyer, and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Simulated Solar Irradiation on Organic Carbon Degradation and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors," Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 15, 5586-5593 (2008) *Obolensky, A. and P.C. Singer, “Development and Interpretation of Disinfection Byproduct Formation Models Using the Information Collection Rule Database,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 15, 5654-5660 (2008)

*Boyer, T.B., P.C. Singer, and G.R. Aiken, “Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter by Anion Exchange: Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter Properties,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 19, 7431-7437 (2008) *Tinker, S.C., P.E. Tolbert, C.L. Moe, M. Klein, W.D. Flanders, J. Uber, A. Amirtharajah, P. Singer, “Drinking Water Turbidity and Emergency Department Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness in Atlanta, 1993 – 2004,” Journ. Exposure Science Environmental Epidemiology, 1-10 (2008) Hsu, S and P.C. Singer, “Removal of Bromide and Natural Organic Matter by Anion Exchange,” Proc. AWWA Water Quality Technol. Conf., Cincinnati, OH (2008) Obolensky, A., V. Speight, P.C. Singer, “Short-Term Variations in DBP Concentrations at the Point of Entry to the Distribution System,” Proc. AWWA Water Quality Technol. Conf., Cincinnati, OH (2008)

*Singer, P.C., T. Boyer, A. Holmquist, J. Morran, and M. Bourke, “Integrated Analysis of NOM Removal by Magnetic Ion Exchange,” Journ. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 101, 1, 65-73 (2009) *Tinker, S.C., C.L. Moe, M. Klein, W.D. Flanders, J. Uber, A. Amirtharajah, P. Singer,and P.E. Tolbert, “Drinking Water Residence Time in Distribution Networks and Emergency Department Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness in Metro Atlanta, Georgia,” Journ. Water Health, 7, 2, 332-343 (2009) *Carrico, B. and P.C. Singer, “Impact of Booster Chlorination on Chlorine Decay and THM Production: A Simulated Analysis,” accepted for publication by Journ. Environ. Eng. (January 2009) *Hsu, S. and P.C. Singer, “Control of Natural Organic Matter Interference on Lime Softening: An Application of Anion Exchange,” accepted for publication by Journ Amer. Wat. Works Assoc. (February 2009) Tinker, S.C., P.E. Tolbert, C.L. Moe, M. Klein, W.D. Flanders, J. Uber, A. Amirtharajah, P. Singer, “Variations Among Drinking Water Treatment Plants and Their Relationship to Emergency Department Visits for Gastrointestinal Illness in Atlanta, 1993 – 2004,” in preparation Johnston, R.B. and P.C. Singer, “Competitive Adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Fe(II) onto Goethite, ” in preparation Boyer, T.B, C.T. Miller, and P.C. Singer, “Removal of Dissolved Organic Carbon by Ion Exchange in a Completely Mixed Flow Reactor: Model Applications,” in preparation Teuber, L.M. and P.C. Singer, “Mineral Deposition Behind Waterless Urinals,” in preparation Singer, P.C., A.C. Rinehold, and L.P. Dunbar, Assessment of Nitrification Potential and Occurrence In Drinking Water Systems In North Carolina Using Chloramination, final report submitted to North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute (January 2009)

Ph.D. THESES DIRECTED

Theis, T. L., "The Stabilization of Ferrous Iron by Natural Organic Compounds in Oxygen-Rich Environments," Univ. Notre Dame (1972). Lau, C. M., "Sulfide Oxidation by Ferric Iron in Acidic Aqueous Systems,” Univ. Notre Dame (1973). Budd, G. C., "Investigation of Ammonia Removal from Wastewater by Ligand Exchange Using Copper(II)-Hydrous Zirconium Oxide," Univ. North Carolina (1977). Lawler, D. F., "A Particle Approach to the Thickening Process," Univ. North Carolina (1979). Gurol, M. D., "Kinetic Behavior of Ozone in Aqueous Solution: Decomposition and Reaction with Phenol," Univ. North Carolina (1980). Yen, C. Y., "The Adsorption of Phenol and Substituted Phenols on Activated Carbon in Single and Multicomponent Systems," Univ. North Carolina (1983). Reckhow, D. A., "Organic Halide Formation and the Use of Pre-Ozonation and Alum Coagulation to Control Organic Halide Precursors," University of North Carolina (1984).

Felix-Filho, J. A., "The Effects of Aquatic Humic Substances and Ozonation on the Stability of Particles," University of North Carolina (1985). Chang, N. W., "Relationship Between Particle Size Distribution and Sludge Dewaterability," University of North Carolina (1986). Chang, S. D., "Factors Affecting Ozone-Induced Destabilization of Particulate Materials in Model Aquatic Systems and in Natural Waters," University of North Carolina (1990). Hull, C.S., “Modeling of Ozone Contactors,” University of North Carolina (1995) Harrington, G.W., “Characteristics of Natural Organic Matter and Their Influence on Alum Coagulation,” University of North Carolina (1997) Barnett, M.O., “Formation and Stability of Mercuric Sulfide in Subsurface Environments,” University of North Carolina (1998) Lin, Y.P., “Inhibition of Calcite (CaCO3) Precipitation by Natural Organic Matter and Phosphates,” University of North Carolina (2005) Obolensky, A., “Analysis of Information Collection Rule Data to Assess the Impact of Water Quality and Treatment on Disinfection Byproduct Occurrence in Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (2007) Boyer, T. H., “Removal of Natural Organic Matter by Anion Exchange: Multi-scale Experimentation and Mathematical Modeling,” University of North Carolina (2008) Johnston, R., “Chemical Interactions Between Iron and Arsenic in Water,” University of North Carolina (2008)

MS THESES AND REPORTS DIRECTED

Theis, T. L., "The Oxidation of Ferrous Iron in Natural Waters: Inhibition of Organic Matter," Univ. Notre Dame (1970). Mattei, C. M., "Combined Ammonia-Phosphate Removal in Wastewater Treatment," Univ. Notre Dame (1971). Higgins, T. E., "The Fate of Copper in a Eutrophic Lake Following Treatment by Copper Sulfate," Univ. Notre Dame (1972). Stachiw, K. P., "Groundwater Pollution from the St. Joseph County, Indiana Sanitary Landfill: Hydrologic Aspects," Univ. Notre Dame (1972). Zilli, W. B., "Oxidation of Ammonia in Wastewater by Ozone," Univ. Notre Dame (1972). Bockstahler, P. J., M. P. Dunbar and R. L. Scott," Control of Acid Mine Drainage from Abandoned Mine Sites by the US Environmental Protection Agency: A Case Study," Univ. Notre Dame (1973). Scott, R. L. and P. Kruger, "Control of Acid Mine Drainage from Operating Surface Mines through Citizen Lawsuits: A Case Study," Univ. Notre Dame (1973).

Marrocco, F. A., "An Economic Evaluation of Alternate Nitrogen Effluent Standards for North Carolina," Univ. North Carolina (1974). Kelly, G. M., "Cooling Water Treatment and Blowdown Water Quality," Univ. North Carolina (1974). Smith, W. G., "Treatability of Dye Wastes by Adsorption on Macroreticular Resins," Univ. North Carolina (1975). Lawler, D. F., "Digester Supernatant: Significance and Treatability," Univ. North Carolina (1975). Tatken, R. L., "Adsorption of Basic and Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solution on Powdered Activated Carbon," Univ. North Carolina (1976). Peroutka, A. G., "Removal of Trace Metals from Water by Activated Carbon Adsorption," Univ. North Carolina (1976). Arnold, R. L., "Process Optimization for Sulfide Removal from Groundwater at Roper, NC," Univ. North Carolina (1976). Williams, R., "Removal of Dissolved and Suspended Tars from Coal Gasification Wastewater," Univ. North Carolina (1976). Gurol, M. D., "Solubility and Decomposition of Ozone in Water," Univ. North Carolina (1977). Babcock, D. B., "Chlorination and Coagulation of Humic and Fulvic Acids," Univ. North Carolina (1977). Young, J. S., "Chloroform Formation in Public Water Supplies: A Case Study," Univ. North Carolina (1977). Borchardt, J. H., "Effects of Permanganate Pretreatment in Chloroform Formation in Drinking Water," Univ. North Carolina (1979). Wallace, J. R., "An Investigation Concerning the Removal of Lead from an Acidic Industrial Wastewater," Univ. North Carolina (1979). Barry, J. J., "Trihalomethane Formation in North Carolina Drinking Waters," Univ. North Carolina (1980). Scrivner, A. E., "Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors by Coagulation and Oxidation," Univ. North Carolina (1980). Colthurst, J. M., "Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors by Permanganate Oxidation and Manganese Dioxide Adsorption," Univ. North Carolina (1980). Palen, G. M., "Treatment Modifications for Limiting Trihalomethane Production in Wilmington, NC Drinking Water," Univ. North Carolina (1981). Kukshtel, N. S., "An Investigation of Direct Filtration as a Pretreatment Process for Desalination," Univ. North Carolina (1981). Meshaw, C. C., "Trace Metal Speciation Under Equilibrium Conditions: Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, and Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron)," Univ. North Carolina (1981).

Shu, W. L., "Solvent Extraction of Coal Conversion Wastewater and Its Impact on Biological Treatability," Univ. North Carolina (1982). Dunn, H. J., "An Investigation of Direct Filtration of Seawater as a Pretreatment Process for the Control of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Fouling," Univ. North Carolina (1982). Chang, N. W., "Formation and Removal of Bromoform During Desalination," Univ. North Carolina (1982). Cole, A. I., "Conditioning of Anaerobically Digested Sludge with Synthetic Organic Polyelectrolytes," Univ. North Carolina (1983). Robinson, G. T., "An Investigation of the Use of Alum for Defluoridation of Drinking Water in Developing Countries," Univ. North Carolina (1983). Jacobs, B. J., "The Effects of Ozone on a Biologically-Treated Coal Gasification Wastewater," Univ. North Carolina (1984). Cundari, K. L., "Physical-Chemical Treatment of Chapman Low BTU Coal Gasification Wastewater," Univ. North Carolina (1984). Layne, M. E., "Ozonation of Thiocyanate," Univ. North Carolina (1984). Brooks, C. V., "The Practical Use of Chlorine Dioxide for Trihalomethane Control in Drinking Water," University of North Carolina (1985). Brown, R. A., "Formation of Halogenated Organics During Wastewater Chlorination," University of North Carolina (1985). Werdehoff, K. S., "Effects of Chlorine Dioxide on THM and TOX Formation Potentials and on the Formation of Inorganic By-Products," University of North Carolina (1986). Salmons, C. A., "A Comparison Between Alum and Polyaluminum Chloride for Drinking Water Coagulation," University of North Carolina (1986). Wiseman, J. F., "Formation of Halogenated Organic Compounds During Wastewater Chlorination: A Field Study," University of North Carolina (1987). Dowbiggin, W. B., "Factors Affecting the Stability of Particles in Natural Waters and Their Susceptibility to Ozone-Induced Microflocculation," University of North Carolina (1987). O'Neil, W. K., "The Applicability of Chlorine Dioxide as an Alternative Oxidant/Disinfectant at the OWASA Water Treatment Plant," University of North Carolina (1987). Haws, B. C., An Assessment of Trihalomethane Levels in North Carolina Drinking Water, University of North Carolina (1988). Teefy, S., Performance and Analysis of Tracer Studies to Determine Compliance with the Disinfection Requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule, University of North Carolina (1989). Struve, J. N., A Guidance Manual for the North Carolina Chronic Toxicity Test: Application to the OWASA Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment Plant, University of North Carolina (1989). Nix, J.E., "A Laboratory Study of Buoyant Coarse Media Flocculation," University of North Carolina (1992).

Gandley, R., "Buoyant Coarse Media Flocculation: A Field Study," University of North Carolina (1992). Reinders, L.A., "Selective Separation of Heavy Metals in Aqueous Systems by Sulfide Precipitation: A Theoretical Equilibrium Model, "University of North Carolina (1992). Saravanan, K., "Kinetic Behavior of Ozone in Aqueous Solution: Effects of pH, Carbonate, and Humic Substances," University of North Carolina (1992). Greiner, A.D., "DBP Formation in North Carolina Drinking Waters: A Comparison Between Predicted and Observed Concentrations," University of North Carolina (1992). Miller, K.L., "Treatability Assessment of Jordan Lake as a Drinking Water Source," University of North Carolina (1992) Kim, J.,"Mn(II) Dissolution From the Surface of Manganese Oxide-Coated Filter Media," University of North Carolina (1993) Schechter, D.S., "Aldehydes Formed During Ozone Treatment of Real and Model Waters,"University of North Carolina (1993) Black, B.D., "Impact of Organic Carbon Removal on Cancer Risks Posed by Drinking Water Chlorination," University of North Carolina (1994) Cowman, G.A., "Effect of Bromide Ion on Haloacetic Acid Speciation Resulting From Chlorination, Ozonation, and Chloramination of Aquatic Humic Substances," University of North Carolina (1994) Obolensky, A., "Disinfection By-Product Formation in North Carolina Drinking Waters," University of North Carolina (1994) Smith, A.E., "Estimated Compliance of North Carolina Water Treatment Plants With Proposed Enhanced Coagulation Requirements," University of North Carolina (1994) Smith, M.E., "Impact of Ozonation on the Formation of Chloral Hydrate and Cyanogen Chloride," University of North Carolina (1994) Harrington, L.J., “Measurement, Formation, and Control of Bromate in Ozonated Waters,” University of North Carolina (1994) Jackson, J., “An Analysis of Residence Time Distributions in Clearwells of North Carolina Water Treatment Facilities,” University of North Carolina (1994) Kachur, S.B., “An Evaluation of Methods for Predicting Total Trihalomethane Concentrations in Exposure Assessment Studies,” University of North Carolina (1994) Dowd, M.T., “Assessment of THM Formation With MIOX,” University of North Carolina (1994) Jackson, T.L., “Evaluation of Organic Carbon Loadings in Two Reservoirs,” University of North Carolina (1995) Hull, D.T., “An Evaluation of Methods for Predicting Total Trihalomethane Concentration in Finished Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (1996)

Thompson, J.D., “Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors by Lime-Soda Softening,” University of North Carolina (1996) White, M.C., “An Evaluation of the Enhanced Coagulation Requirements in the Proposed Disinfectants/Disinfection By-Products Rule and the Effects of Select Chemical Characteristics on the Coagulation of Natural Organic Materials, University of North Carolina (1996) Fitzpatrick, K.M., “Case Studies of Trihalomethane Formation Within Filters and Distribution Systems,” University of North Carolina (1996) VanderMarck, M.M., “Predicting Haloacetic Formation and Speciation in Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (1996) Hickey, T.L., “The Formation and conrol of bromate During Ozonation: Impact of water Quality Parameters and treatment Conditions,” University of North Carolina (1997) Eyring, A.M., “Development and Application of Methods for the Analysis of Trace Metals in Alum,” co-advisor, University of North Carolina (1997) LeCourt, T.D., “Biodegradation Kinetics and Adsorption of Aldehydes Formed form Ozonation of Natural Organic Matter,” University of North Carolina (1997) Shi, J., “Control of Haloacetic Formation in North Carolina drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (1998) Nagel, C., “Influence of Flocculation/Sedimentation on Chlorine Consumption and the Formation of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids from Drinking Water Disinfection,” University of Karlsruhe (1999) Chaiket, T., “Evaluation of Ozonation, Enhanced Coagulation, and Biofiltration for the Control of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (1999) Brophy, K.S., “Methodology for the Accurate Quantification of Nine Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water and Application to Real Water Systems,” co-advisor, University of North Carolina (1999) Liang, L., “Factors influencing the Formation and Relative Distribution of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes Under Controlled Chlorination Conditions,” University of North Carolina (2000) Grisstede, I., “Investigations About the Formation, Occurrence, Stability, and Dominance of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes Within Different Water Plants and a Comparison of the Results Referring to the Treatment Methods,” University of Karlsruhe (2000) Snider, N.M., “Effect of Pre-Ozonation and Enhanced Coagulation for Control of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (2000) Arlotta, C., “Effects of Coagulation and Ozonation on the Formation of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids Under Controlled Chlorination Conditions,” University of North Carolina (2000) Bilyk, K., “Enhanced Coagulation Using a New Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin,” University of North Carolina (2000) Isabel, R.S., “Disinfection By-Products Associated with Alternative Disinfection Scenarios for New York City’s Catskill and Delaware Water Supplies,” University of North Carolina (2001) Miles, A.M., "Comparison of Trihalomethanes in Tap Water, Indoor Air, and Blood," University of North Carolina (2001)

Mercer, K.L., "Enhanced Water Softening by Heterogeneous Nucleation, University of North Carolina (2002) Talbot, M.E., "Integrating Inactivation Kinetics, Disinfectant Decay, and Reactor Hydraulics for Evaluating Disinfection Effectiveness," University of North Carolina (2002) Qiao, X., "Modeling Bromate Formation in a Completely Mixed Flow Reactor," University of North Carolina (2002) Johnson, C., “Impact of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin on Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation During Drinking Water Treatment,” University of North Carolina (2003) Meisch, M.E.A., “Evaluation of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin for the Removal of Disinfection By-Product Precursors: A Pilot Plant Study,” University of North Carolina (2004) Nichols, C, “Factors Affecting the Formation and Decay of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Distribution System,” University of North Carolina (2004) Schlesinger, S., “Formation and Decay of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids in Full-Scale Drinking Water Distribution Systems,” University of North Carolina (2004) Boyer, T., “Bench-Scale Testing of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin for Removal of Natural Organic Material,” University of North Carolina (2004) Han, N., “Estimated Compliance with the Proposed Stage 2 Disinfection By-Products Rule for Eleven Water Utilities in North Carolina,” University of North Carolina (2005) Archer, A., “Influence of SUVA on the Removal of TOC and TOX Precursors by Enhanced Coagulation: Laboratory Studies and ICR Analysis,” University of North Carolina (2005) Carrico, B., “Impact of Booster Chlorination on Chlorine Decay and THM Production: A Simulated Analysis,” University of North Carolina (2005) Rinehold, A., “Assessment of Nitrification Potential and Occurrence in Chloraminating Drinking Water Systems in North Carolina,” University of North Carolina (2006) Kelly, E., “An Analysis of Jordan Lake Water Quality and its Impact on the Cary/Apex Water Treatment Facility,” University of North Carolina (2007) Hsu, S., “Removal of Bromide Using Anion Exchange and the Effect of Natural Organic Matter on Lime Softening: Two Applications of Magnetic Ion Exchange,” University of North Carolina (2008) Teuber, L., “Mineral Deposition Behind Waterless Urinals,” University of North Carolina (2008)

BS THESES DIRECTED Roberts, Megan, “A Predictive Model to Evaluate Total Haloacetic Acids in United States Drinking Water,” University of North Carolina (2000) Shoaf, David, “An Analysis of Monitoring Data for the Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule,” University of North Carolina (2006) Dunbar, Lauren, “Assessment of Nitrification and NDMA Formation in Selected North Carolina Chloraminated Drinking Water Systems, University of North Carolina (2007)