(january – march, 2011)labourbureaunew.gov.in/.../tenth_quat_report_june2011.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Report on
Quarterly Employment Survey
(January – March, 2011)
Government of India Ministry of Labour & Employment
Labour Bureau Chandigarh June, 2011
Acknowledgement
I, sincerely thank the Secretary, Ministry of
Labour & Employment, Government of India
for entrusting the important task of
conducting Quarterly Employment surveys on
effect of economic slowdown on employment in
India, to the Labour Bureau. We conducted
the first such national survey for the quarter
October-December, 2008, though on a small
sample basis, during January, 2009 and
submitted report within a period of one
month.
Nine quick quarterly surveys had been
conducted earlier and reports thereon had
been released. The present report is the tenth
quarterly quick employment survey based on
the employment data collected for the period
Jan-Mar, 2011. I appreciate the wholehearted
efforts of the staff of Labour Bureau towards
collection of data and preparation of the
report.
I am thankful to the Labour & Employment
Adviser of the Ministry in guiding us. I am also
grateful to the State Labour authorities and
the management of the sample units for their
active co-operation extended to the Labour
Bureau in making this survey successful.
B.N.Nanda
Director General
Place: Chandigarh Date: 08.06.2011
Contents
Executive Summary
I Introduction 1-9
II Analysis of Employment 10-23
Annexure
Questionnaire canvassed in the
survey
Executive Summary • The present survey is the tenth in the
series of “Quarterly Quick Employment
Surveys” conducted by the Bureau to
assess the impact of economic slowdown
on employment in India.
• The survey was conducted in the month of
April, 2011 and covers the period January-
March, 2011.
• A total of 2,406 sample units have been
covered during the survey in eight selected
sectors viz. textiles, leather, metals,
automobiles, gems & jewellery, transport,
IT/BPO and handloom/powerloom.
• At overall level, the employment has
increased by 1.74 lakh during the period
March, 2011 over December, 2010.
• At industry level, the maximum increase in
employment during the quarter is observed
in the IT/BPO sector where it increased by
2.87 lakh during the reference period.
• In the direct category of workers, the
employment has increased more rapidly
than in the contract category of workers
during the period March, 2011 over
December, 2010. At overall level, 1.80 lakh
increase in employment is seen in the
direct category of workers during the
quarter under survey.
• The exporting units also have shown an
increasing trend in employment during the
reference period. Employment in the
exporting units during the January-March,
2011 quarter increased by 1.99 lakh at
overall level.
• Results of the four quarterly surveys
conducted in the financial year 2010-11
(i.e. Apr, 10 to Mar, 11) indicate that the
employment at overall level has increased
by 9.79 lakh during the year.
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Labour Bureau is conducting a series of
quarterly quick employment surveys since
January, 2009 to study the impact of global
economic slowdown on employment in Indian
economy. These surveys are being conducted in
those selected sectors of the economy which are
likely to be adversely affected by the global
economic slowdown. Although, the scope of this
survey is limited; the trends of the employment
scenario in the specific sectors covered under the
study facilitate policy making and for taking
corrective measures based on the survey results.
The first quarterly survey was conducted in the
month of January, 2009 to study the impact of
slowdown on employment during the quarter
Oct-Dec, 2008. The survey was conducted in
seven important sectors of the economy viz.
Textiles, Metals, Automobiles, Gems & Jewellery,
Transport, IT/BPO and Mining. The findings of
the survey were released in the last week of
January, 2009. In the survey, a sample of 2,581
units was covered from 20 centres spread across
eleven States/UTs. About half a million workers
lost their jobs during the quarter in the sectors
studied.
Construction sector was also covered in the first
quarterly survey but due to non-cooperation of
the sample units and unavailability of reliable
data, results could not be compiled. Hence, the
sector is not being covered in the subsequent
quarterly surveys.
The second survey was conducted in the month
of April, 2009 to study the impact on
employment during the quarter Jan-March,
2009. In this survey, two additional sectors
namely leather and handloom/ powerloom were
covered whereas mining sector covered during
the first survey was excluded. The detailed report
of the survey was released in May, 2009. A
sample of 3,192 units from 21 centers spread
across eleven States/UTs was covered during the
survey. More than a quarter million jobs were
added during the quarter. There appeared to be
a modest recovery in employment probably due
to stimulus measures undertaken by the Union
Government.
The third quarterly survey was conducted in the
month of July, 2009 to study the employment
situation during the quarter April-June, 2009 by
revisiting the same sample units covered in the
second survey. The objective of revisit was to
assess the change in the direction and rate of
change in the employment during April-June,
2009 over March, 2009. All the sample units
were revisited; however, information was
collected from 3,003 sample units. The rest 189
units could not be covered either because of non-
cooperation or hesitation of the owners to part
with data. Employment during this quarter
declined by 1.31 lakh, which could be partly
attributed to seasonality factors such as the
migrant workers prefering to visit their places of
origin during this period.
The fourth quarterly quick employment survey
was conducted in the month of Oct, 2009 to
assess the employment situation during the
period July-September, 2009. In this survey
also, the units covered in the previous two
quarterly surveys were revisited to assess the
changes in employment in the selected sectors.
All the 3,003 sample units covered in the
previous quarterly survey were revisited;
however, information were collected from 2,873
units as the information from remaining units
could not collected due to non-cooperation
and/or non- availability of the owner etc. In all
the sectors studied, except leather; employment
increased during the quarter. Overall
employment increased by 4.97 lakh during the
reference period.
The Fifth quarterly survey covering the period
Oct-Dec, 2009 was launched in January, 2010
and was completed in the first week of February,
2010. In the earlier quarterly surveys, the units
covered in the second quarterly survey were
revisited to assess the direction and rate of
change in the employment. However, in the fifth
survey a fresh sample was drawn to assess the
employment trends. In the sample drawn, about
70 per cent of the units were selected afresh and
the rest were kept the same as covered in the
previous surveys. At the overall level,
employment increased by 6.4 lakh during the
quarter October-December, 2009.
The sixth quarterly quick employment survey
was conducted in the month of April, 2010
which covers the period Jan-March, 2010. In the
survey, the sample units covered in the previous
survey were revisited. All the units covered in the
fifth quarterly survey (2953 units) were
approached; however, information was collected
from 2,815 units. At the overall level of the
sectors covered, employment increased by 0.61
lakh during the quarter January-March, 2010.
The seventh quarterly quick employment survey
was conducted in Sep, 2010 for the reference
period April-June, 2010. The units covered in
the previous survey were revisited to see the
direction and rate of change in the employment
trends during the period June, 2010 over March,
2010. All the units covered in the sixth quarterly
survey (2815 units) were approached; however,
information was collected from 2,635 units. At
the overall level of the sectors combined,
employment increased by 1.62 lakh during the
quarter June, 10 over Mar, 10.
The Eighth quarterly quick employment survey
was conducted in the month of October, 2010 for
the reference period July-September, 2010.
During the survey, the units covered in the
previous survey were revisited to see the
direction and rate of change in the employment
during the period September, 2010 over June,
2010. All the units covered in the previous
survey were approached; however information
was collected from 2558 units. Based on the
survey results, the employment increased by
4.35 lakh during the period Sep, 2010 over
June, 2010 at overall level.
The ninth quarterly quick employment survey for
the reference period October-December, 2010
was conducted during the month of January,
2011. During the survey, the units covered in
the previous survey were revisited to see the
direction and rate of change in the employment
trends. All the units covered in the eighth
quarterly survey were revisited; however
information could be collected from 2510 units.
Employment increased by 2.07 lakh at overall
level during the quarter.
The present survey is the tenth in the series
covering the period January-March, 2011. The
field work for the survey was conducted in the
month of April/May, 2011. During the current
survey also, the units covered in the previous
survey are revisited to see the direction and rate
of change in employment. All the units covered
in the ninth quarterly survey have been revisited;
however information is collected from 2406
units. Sector-wise number of units covered in
the present and the previous survey are given in
the table below:
Table: 1 Sector-wise unit covered Sl. No.
Industry Group/State No. of units covered during the survey for
the quarter Oct-Dec,
2010 Jan-Mar,
2011 1 Textiles including
Apparels 782 733
2 Leather 177 171
3 Metals 864 841
4 Automobiles 129 125
5 Gems & Jewellery 192 188
6 Transport 73 65
7 IT/BPO 194 187
8 Handloom/ Powerloom 99 96
Overall 2510 2406
A two stage stratified sampling technique has
been adopted. The first stage units i.e.
districts/centers are selected using purposive
sampling and the second stage units viz. the
establishments are selected using circular
systematic sampling. The sample is apportioned
among different sectors in proportion to the
units in the frame in these sectors at All India
level.
Chapter II
ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT
The findings of the current survey once again
indicate an increasing trend in employment at
overall level of the selected sectors under study.
Analysis of the current survey data indicates
that employment in half of the sectors under
study has increased, while in the remaining half
of the sectors it declined only marginally
registering a net increase at overall level during
March, 2011 over December, 2010. The sector
wise changes in the employment during the
latest four quarters studied are presented in
Table 2.1 below.
Table 2.1 Changes in estimated employment based on
various quarterly survey results (In lakh) Sl. No.
Industry/ Group
Changes in employment during Jun, 10
over Mar,10
Sep, 10 over
Jun, 10
Dec, 10 over Sep,
10
Mar, 11 over
Dec, 10
Mar,10 over
Mar,09 1 Textiles
including Apparels
-0.63 2.45 0.40 -1.21 1.01
2 Leather 0.21 0.04 0.16 -0.08 0.33 3 Metals 0.45 0.27 0.00 0.16 0.88 4 Automobiles 0.51 0.29 0.18 0.13 1.11
5 Gems & Jewellery 0.04 0.04 -0.10 -0.02 -0.04
6 Transport -0.21 0.13 -0.01 0.06 -0.03 7 IT/BPO 1.29 1.08 1.41 2.87 6.65
8 Handloom/ Powerloom -0.03 0.06 0.03 -0.18 -0.12
Overall 1.62 4.35 2.07 1.74 9.79
It may be seen from the above table that the
employment at overall level has increased by
1.74 lakh in March, 2011 over December, 2010.
Similar to the previous quarter, the main
contributor to the increase in employment is
IT/BPO sector in the present quarter during
which employment in the sector increased by
2.87 lakh. The second highest contributor to the
employment increase in the present quarter is
metal sector, which has registered an increase of
0.16 lakh employment during the reference
period. The other sectors where increase in
employment is observed during the reference
period are automobiles and transport.
On the other hand, in textile sector, the
employment has declined by 1.21 lakh during
the period March, 2011 over December, 2011.
The other sectors registering decline in
employment are leather, gems & jewellery, and
handloom/powerloom.
While analyzing the results for the financial year
2010-11 (April, 2010-March, 2011), it may be
seen from the above table that employment in
the selected sectors has increased by 9.79 lakh
during the financial year 2010-11. About 70 per
cent of the increase in employment during the
financial year 2010-11 is seen in IT/BPO sector,
where the employment has increased by 6.65
lakh. The second highest contributor to the
employment increase during the financial year
2010-11 is automobile sector where it has
increased by 1.11 lakh, followed by 1.01 lakh in
textile sector during the financial year 2010-11.
The average monthly percentage changes in the
employment in selected sectors are also derived
based on the survey results. Such changes in
employment of the selected sectors during the
latest four quarters are presented in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 Average Monthly Percentage changes in
Employment based on various quarterly survey results (per cent)
Sl. No. Industry/ Group
Percentage changes in employment based on various quarterly survey results Jun,10
over Mar,10
Sep, 10 over
Jun, 10
Dec, 10 over
Sep, 10
Mar, 11 over
Dec, 10 1 Textiles including
Apparels -0.38 1.44 0.22 -0.64
2 Leather 2.0 0.32 1.40 -0.65
3 Metals 0.84 0.50 0.00 0.30
4 Automobiles 2.30 1.26 0.75 0.55
5 Gems & Jewellery 0.44 0.38 -0.91 -0.17
6 Transport -1.84 1.78 -0.12 0.52
7 IT/BPO 1.13 0.91 1.13 2.30
8 Handloom/ Powerloom
-0.25 0.42 0.17 -1.28
Overall 0.40 1.07 0.48 0.39
Based on the survey findings, the average
monthly percentage increase in employment
during the period March, 2011 over December,
2010 is registered at 0.39 per cent at the overall
level. The maximum average monthly increase in
employment during the reference period is
observed in IT/BPO sector where it registered a
growth of 2.30 per cent followed by 0.55 per cent
in automobiles sector and 0.52 per cent in
transport sector during March, 11 over
December, 10.
In leather sector, the survey results show an
average monthly percentage decline in the
employment by 0.65 per cent followed by 0.64
per cent decline in textile sector during the
period March, 2011 over December, 2010.
The employment trends based on the survey are
also compiled separately for the direct and
contract categories workers. As happened in the
previous quarter (October-December, 2010), the
major increase in employment during the
present quarter (January-March, 2011) is also
observed in the direct category of workers. The
sector wise changes in the employment of direct
and contract categories of workers during
various quarters are presented below in Table
2.3.
Table 2.3
Changes in employment of direct and contract workers based on the various quarterly survey results during 2009-10 (in lakh)
Sl. No.
Industry/ Group
Jun,10 over
Mar,10
Sep, 10 over
Jun,10
Dec, 10 over Sep,
10
Mar, 11 over Dec,
10
Mar,11 over
Mar,10 Direct
Contract
Direct
Contract
Direct
Contract
Direct
Contract
Direct
Contract
1 Textiles including Apparels
-0.31 -0.32 2.08 0.36 0.06 0.34 -1.20 -0.02 0.64 0.37
2 Leather 0.17 0.04 0.05 -0.01 0.10 0.06 0.00 -0.08 0.32 0.01
3 Metals 0.42 0.03 0.28 0.00 -0.03 0.03 0.17 -0.01 0.84 0.05
4 Automobiles 0.29 0.22 0.14 0.14 0.19 -0.01 0.14 0.00 0.76 0.35
5 Gems & Jewellery
0.08 -0.04 0.10 -0.06 -0.09 -0.01 -0.02 0.01 0.07 -0.1
6 Transport -0.57 0.36 0.12 0.01 -0.04 0.03 0.01 0.06 -0.48 0.46
7 IT/BPO 1.19 0.10 1.05 0.03 1.36 0.05 2.86 0.01 6.46 0.19
8 Handloom/ Powerloom -0.04 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.06 -0.03 -0.16 -0.02 -0.14 0.02
Overall 1.22 0.40 3.85 0.50 1.61 0.46 1.80 -0.06 8.49 1.30
The survey results show that during the period
March, 2011 over December, 2010, employment
in the direct category of workers increased by
1.80 lakh at overall level. In IT/BPO sector, 99
per cent of the employment increase occurred in
the direct category of workers. In metals and
automobile sectors, the employment of direct
category of workers increased by 0.17 lakh and
0.14 lakh respectively.
On the other hand, in the textile and
handloom/powerloom sectors, employment of
the direct category of workers declined by 1.2
lakh and 0.16 lakh respectively during January-
March,2011 quarter. Gems & Jewellery sector
also registered a marginal decline in employment
of this category of workers.
The survey results have also been analyzed
separately for exporting and non-exporting units.
As observed in the previous quarterly survey
results, employment in the exporting units
shows an upward trend during the present
survey also. The sector wise changes in
employment of the exporting units during the
latest four quarters are presented below in Table
2.4.
Table 2.4 Changes in employment of exporting units based on the various quarterly survey results (in lakh)
Sl. No. Industry/Group
Jun,10 over
Mar,10
Sep,10 Over Jun,10
Dec, 10 over Sep,10
Mar,11 over
Dec, 10
Dec,10 over
Dec,09 1 Textiles
including Apparels
-0.04 1.64 0.39 -0.49 1.50
2 Leather 0.22 0.04 0.16 -0.09 0.33
3 Metals 0.31 0.18 -0.04 -0.11 0.34
4 Automobiles 0.13 0.02 -0.07 0.14
0.22
5 Gems&Jewellery -0.11 0.06 -0.06 0.02 -0.09
6 Transport (*) - - - - -
7 IT/BPO 1.33 1.09 0.99 2.51 5.92
8 Handloom/ Powerloom
-0.06 0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.02
Overall 1.77 3.05 1.41 1.99 8.22 (*) No exporting unit was covered.
During the current quarterly survey for the
reference period Jan-Mar, 2011, employment in
the exporting units increased by 1.99 lakh at
overall level. The main contributor to the
increase in employment of exporting units is
IT/BPO sector where it increased by 2.51 lakh
during the reference period.
The results of four quarterly surveys conducted
during the financial year 2010-11, reveal that
about 85 per cent of the increase in total
employment is in exporting units. Except a
minor decline in the gems & jewellery and
handloom/powerloom sector exporting units, all
the other sectors studied have shown an
increase in employment in the exporting units
during the financial year 2010-11. The
maximum increase (5.92 lakh) in employment of
exporting units during the year 2010-11 took
place in IT/BPO sector, followed by 1.50 lakh in
the textile sector and a marginal increase in
other sectors.
The average monthly percentage changes in
employment of the exporting units are also
derived. The sector wise average monthly
percentage changes in the employment of
exporting units are presented below in Table 2.5.
Table 2.5 Average monthly changes in employment of exporting units based on various quarterly
survey results ( in per cent) Sl. No.
Industry/Group Jun,10 over
Mar,10
Sep, 10 over
Jun, 10
Dec, 10 over
Sep, 10
Mar,11 over
Dec, 10 1 Textiles
including Apparels
-0.04 1.67 0.38 -0.44
2 Leather 2.46 0.46 1.64 -0.88
3 Metals 1.93 1.29 -0.22 -0.70
4 Automobiles 2.35 0.45 -1.42 2.30
5 Gems & Jewellery
-2.21 1.40 -1.05 0.36
6 Transport - - - -
7 IT/BPO 1.56 1.39 1.05 2.44
8 Handloom/ Powerloom
-2.70 0.35 1.35 0.41
Overall 0.82 1.44 0.60 0.78
Average monthly percentage changes in
employment of exporting units presented in the
above table reveal a growth of 0.78 per cent in
March, 2011 over December, 2010 at overall
level. In the IT/BPO sector, a maximum of 2.44
per cent average monthly percentage growth in
employment is registered during the period
March, 2011 over December, 2010 followed by
2.30 per cent in automobile sector.
The sector wise changes in employment in the
non-exporting units during the latest four
quarters are given below in Table 2.6.
Table 2.6 Changes in employment of non-exporting units based on the last four quarterly survey results
(in lakh)
Sl. No. Industry/Group
Jun,10 over
Mar,10
Sep,10 over Jun, 10
Dec, 10 over Sep, 10
Mar,11 over Dec, 10
Dec, 10 over
Dec, 09
1 Textiles including Apparels
-0.60 0.81 0.01 -0.72 -0.5
2 Leather -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.01
3 Metals 0.14 0.09 0.03 0.27 0.53
4 Automobiles 0.38 0.26 0.25 -0.01 0.88
5 Gems & Jewellery 0.15 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 0.05
6 Transport -0.21 0.13 -0.01 0.06 -0.03
7 IT/BPO -0.04 -0.01 0.42 0.36 0.73
8 Handloom/ Powerloom
0.03 0.05 0.00 -0.19 -0.11
Overall -0.15 1.30 0.66 -0.25 1.56
It may be seen from the above table that
employment in the non-exporting units has
declined by 0.25 lakh during the reference
period. The maximum decline in employment
occurred in the textile sector where it decreased
by 0.72 lakh during March, 2011 over December,
2010. In automobile, gems & jewellery and
handloom/powerloom sectors also, a marginal
decline in employment in the non-exporting
units is seen during March, 2011 over
December, 2010. Remaining sectors registered
slight increase in employment in non-exporting
units.
The sector-wise average monthly percentage
changes in the employment of non-exporting
units are presented below in Table 2.7.
Table 2.7 Average monthly changes in employment of non-
exporting units based on various quarterly survey results (in per cent)
The survey results show an average monthly
percentage decline of 0.13 per cent in the non-
exporting units at overall level during the period
March, 2011 over December, 2010. The
maximum average monthly percentage decline in
employment of non-exporting units is observed
in the handloom/powerloom sector (1.51 per
cent) followed by 0.90 per cent in textile sector
Sl. No. Industry/Group
June,10 over
Mar,10
Sep, 10 over
Jun, 10
Dec, 10 over
Sep, 10
Mar,11 over
Dec, 10
1 Textiles including Apparels -0.82 1.12 - -0.90
2 Leather -0.64 -0.54 0.10 0.74 3 Metals 0.38 0.22 0.09 0.71 4 Automobiles 2.28 1.51 1.31 -0.04 5 Gems&Jewellery 2.97 -0.35 -0.78 -0.69 6 Transport -1.84 1.78 -0.12 0.52 7 IT/BPO -0.12 -0.02 1.42 1.61
8 Handloom/ Powerloom 0.23 0.43 0.02 -1.51
Overall -0.08 0.66 0.33 -0.13
during the period March, 2011 over December,
2010.
Results of the ten quarterly surveys conducted
so far reveal that there has been a sustained
increase in employment at overall level of the
sectors covered during the last seven quarters.
The total creation of employment during this
recovery period is about 22 lakh at the overall
level.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Annexure
MINISTRY OF LABOUR & EMPLOYMENT LABOUR BUREAU, CHANDIGARH
(EMPLOYMENT SCENARIO : January – March, 2011)
I Identification Particulars
a. Zone-State
b. Name of the
c. Name of Unit
d. Complete Address of the Unit
e. D S L No.
f. Name of the Person
g. Mobile /Contact No.
h. NIC Code ( 3- Digit)
i. Type of goods
j. Whether the unit is export
II Month-wise number of Workers & Earnings
Month Employment Status
Employees as on last working
day
Total Wage/Salary Bill (in Rs.)
Dec, 2010
Direct Contract Total
Jan,2011 Direct Contract Total
Feb,2011 Direct Contract Total
Mar,2011 Direct Contract Total
Name of the Officer
Signature with date
Remarks: