JAPAN: AN ENERGY HISTORYA Presentation by Mattie Kennedy

FACTORS THAT HAVE SHAPED JAPAN’S ENERGY POLICY TO WHAT IT IS TODAY

AN ISLAND WITH LIMITED RESOURCES Japan is only 16% energy self-sufficient Japan has the 3rd largest nuclear

production Japan is the largest importer of coal

and natural gas. They are the 3rd largest importer of oil

ENERGY IN THE PAST

In 1988 oil provided Japan with 57.3 percent of energy needs, coal 18.1 percent, natural gas 10.1 percent, nuclear power 9.0 percent, hydroelectric power 4.6 percent, geothermal power 0.1 percent, and 1.3 percent came from other sources

In 1989 Japan was the world's third largest producer of electricity. Industrial growth post WW2 doubled energy consumption every

five years The Ministry of International Trade and Industry was one of the

most powerful agencies of the Government of Japan. At the height of its influence, it effectively ran much of Japanese industrial policy, funding research and directing investment.

After the defeat in the war, the technological level of Japan's industry lagged far behind that of the U.S. and Europe after a decade Japan’s industry was unable to stand on its own feet in the international market. Successful recovery depended on "industrial rationalization", namely "technology innovation".

POLICY FOR THE PRESENT

Most of Japan’s electricity is made from coal  Japan prides itself in energy efficiency Total coal energy declined from 80% in the

1970s to 46% in 2009 (replaced with nuclear) The ‘New Energy Train‘ is powered by a storage

battery and two 65KW fuel cells. Capable of running at a maximum speed of 100 k/h, the train can travel for 50 to 100km between hydrogen refueling stops. This new train can store the energy that is produced when it brakes. This is claimed to be the first train to be using both fuel cells and storage batteries.

1990 – 2009 ENERGY DIVERSITY

2008 TOTAL ENERGY

THE FUTURE?

POLICY FOR THE FUTURE

Building at least 14 nuclear plants by 2030 government plans to increase nuclear electricity

generation from 24% in 2008 to 40% by 2017 and to 50% by 2030

Nuclear energy cuts C02 emissions the national energy policy of Japan in line with

the three fundamental principles of energy policy: “securing of a stable supply,” “environmental suitability,” and “utilization of market mechanisms.

Maintain and enhance energy efficiency in the industrial sector at the highest level in the world

POLICY FOR THE FUTURE: SUSTAINABLITY

Japan had installed hydroelectric generating capacity of 22 GW in 2008, 8 percent of total capacity. There are also a number of large hydropower projects under development, including the 2,350-MW Kannagawa plant due online in 2017 and the 1,200-MW Omarugawa plant due online in 2011

next-generation cars will emit little carbon dioxide, including electric-powered and hybrid cars.

Working on better feed in tariff system, and tax incentives for renewable energies

CHART OF ENERGY USE PER CAPITA

http://www.google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdi&met=eg_use_pcap_kg_oe&idim=country:JPN&dl=en&hl=en&q=japan+energy+use#met=eg_use_pcap_kg_oe&idim=country:JPN:CHN:BRA:DEU:NZL:IND:DNK:CAN

SOURCES http://www.google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-wdi&met=eg_use_pcap_kg_oe&idim=country:JPN&dl=en&hl=en&q=japan+energy+

use#met=eg_use_pcap_kg_oe&idim=country:JPN:CHN:BRA:DEU:NZL:IND:DNK:CAN http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewiStockNews/articleid/3964464 http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=JA http://www.photius.com/countries/japan/economy/japan_economy_energy.html http://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/data/20100618_08.html