japan and the koreas chapter 28:1 [image source:
TRANSCRIPT
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Japan and the Koreas
Chapter 28:1
[Image source: http://www.korea-hotel.com/pics/khimage-3.jpg]
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Korea is a peninsula with low hills and mountains in the east, and coastal plains to the west.
[Image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Peninsula]
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A “shrimp between whales”,
Korea actsas a land
bridge between
China and Japan.[Image source:
http://icho2006.kcsnet.or.kr/image/img_main/i_ie_en_korea_map.jpg]
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Koreans claim descent from
Tangun, son of the bear god,
who founded the first Korean
kingdom 5,000 years ago.
[Image source:http://kissmykimchi.blogspot.com/2007/10/national-foundation-day.html]
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Japan
[Image source: http://www3.nationalgeographic.com/places/images/photos/photo_lg_japan.jpg]
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Japan is also knownas Nippon or Nihon, which means “source of the sun.”
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Japan is an archipelago consisting of four main islands –Honshu,Shikoku, Kyushu,and Hokkaido – and over 4,000thousandsmaller ones.
[Image source: http://z.about.com/d/geography/1/0/h/J/japan.jpg]
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The Ocean has shaped Japanese culture and history.
[Images source: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/np/pages/subregions/kroy.html]
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[Image source: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/np/pages/subregions/kroy.html]
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[Image source: http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eoearth.org%2Fview%2Farticle%2F153663%2F&psig=AFQjCNFzEgD31vEkSZR__BrWxrSfclAnNA&ust=1448971088993725]
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1779 – Aftermath of a tsunami.
[Image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami#/media/File:Russians_meeting_Japanese_in_Akkeshi_1779.jpg]
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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBN59wnLYkM
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6cJo_gD8TU
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Since only 20% of the land is arable (easyto farm), the
Japanese have had to rely
on the sea to supplementtheir diet.
[Image source: http://www.museum.cornell.edu/HFJ/permcoll/asia/img_jap/fishman_l.jpg]
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The sea has also served as a natural barrier, preventing invasion from the mainland.
[Image source: http://www.gsi.ie/NR/rdonlyres/1875D6E7-60A3-4812-8DF0-FBF8EF67F7DC/0/tsunami.gif]
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According to legend, a divine
brother and sister gave birth to thesun goddess Amaterasu Omi-kami.
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The sun goddess
Amaterasu gave birth to further life forms.
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According to legend, Jimmu Tenno, a great-
great-great-grandson of
Amaterasu Omi-kami, became the
first emperor (Mikado) of Japan
circa 660 B.C.[Image source:
http://img331.imageshack.us/img331/5941/image012pk9.jpg]
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The early inhabitants
of Japan probably
migrated to the islands from other
parts of Asia.
[Image source: http://www.fieldmuseum.org/research_collections/anthropology/anthro_sites/boone/ainu/ainu_map/ainu_map1.html]
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Japan was occupied
by hunter-gatherers from the
Asian mainland ca. 10,000 years ago.
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Subsequent invaders from Asia introduced the islanders to agriculture.
[Image source: http://www.lacma.org/art/images/NewAcq/fourseasons.jpg]
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The early inhabitants were dwelling in farming villages by 200 B.C.
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Present-day Japanese are probably descended from the Yayoi, a village-dwelling people who lived along streams and on the coastal plains and grew rice in irrigated fields.
[Image source: http://brian.hoffert.faculty.noctrl.edu/TEACHING/FoundationsOfJapaneseCivilization.html]
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Japan was invaded
between 200 and 300 by horseback-
riding, iron-clad warriors.
[Image source: http://www.orientaloutpost.com/ancient_ch
inese_warrior_yue_fei_wall_scroll.php]
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Some scholars believe these
invaders were the ancestors
of the aristocratic
warriors and imperial family.
[Image source: http://www.geocities.com/normlaw/brig-chn.gif]
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Before therewas an emperor, regions of Japan
were ruled by separate clans.
(A clan is agroup of families claiming descent from a common
ancestor.)[Image source: http://www.zanshin-kai.co.uk/Aikido.html]
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Shintoism
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Shintoism
• means “way of the gods”
• only known indigenous religion of Japan
• emphasizes sacred spaces and time
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Kami
• “divine spirits”
• can be found in nature and in the processes of creation, disease, and healing
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Practices
• vary in local communities• rituals often honour ancestors
and the forces of nature• emperors considered kami at
one time-worshipped as divine before World War II
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Traditional Japanese prayer cardsleft at a Shinto shrine in Japan.
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By A.D. 400, the Yamato
Clan emerged as the
dominantclan in Japan.
[Image source: http://horse.shrine.net/samurai/image/yamato_samurai.jpg]
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By the A.D. mid-500s the emperor had become a ceremonial figure,
performing intercessory rituals tothe gods on behalf of the people.
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The Soga family
emergedas the real political power in Japan.
[Image source: http://library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/guac/japan_04/hiroshige_soga.jpg]
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Buddhism arrived in
Japan from
Korea in A.D. 552.
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Four Noble Truths
1. Life is full of suffering.
2. Suffering is caused by desire.
3. Eliminate desire to eliminate suffering.
4. Seek union with Brahma.
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Union with Brahma is nirvana.
The only way to end the painful cycle of reincarnation.
Death
Birth
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Zen was a variant of Buddhism favoured by Japanese warriors.
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Over the next four centuries,
Japan developed close ties with
China, adopting and adapting
many elements of Chinese
culture, suchas art, . . .
[Image source: http://home.flash.net/~cameron/japanese_painting/shikishi_tanzaku/chikuu_landscape.jpg]
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. . . medicine, . . .
[Image source: http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2007/07/kyushu-medical-books-two.html]
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. . . astronomy, . . .
[Image source: http://www.crystalinks.com/orionjapanwoman.jpg]
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. . . and writing system.
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The Japanese ruling class adopted a
strong central government based on the principles of
Kung Fu-tzu.
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The teachings of Kung Fu-tzu
adopted by the Japanese included:
• ancestor worship• respect for elders and
those in positions of authority
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Five Confucian Relationships
Ruler - Ruled
Husband - Wife
Father - Son
Older Brother - Younger Brother
Homeboy - Homeboy