Executive Executive OrderOrder

90669066..

                           

EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066

· 66% were US citizens (Nisei) · 33% were Japanese-born (Issei), who

could not be US citizens · US justification: "military necessity unsupported allegations of disloyalty

                           

EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066

Signed by FDR February 19, 1942 forced 120,000 Japanese-ancestry persons into 10

internment camps

                           

PATRIOTISM PATRIOTISM andand RESISTENCERESISTENCE

1944, 1,500 Japanese-American men from the camps volunteered for military service (The 442 Japanese Regiment)

6,000 young people renounced their US citizenship

5,000-8,000 returned to Japan after the war

                           

KOREMATSU vs. THE U.S. (1944)KOREMATSU vs. THE U.S. (1944)

                           

KOREMATSU vs. THE U.S. (1944)KOREMATSU vs. THE U.S. (1944)

FACTS:Executive Order #9066 (1942) required all Japanese Americans living in restricted area to go to inland relocations

Does Executive Order #9066 violate Korematsu’s 14th Amendment right to equal protection of the law ISSUE:

Supreme Court ruled that an entire race could be labeled a “suspect classification” meaning that the government was permitted to deny the Japanese their Constitutional rights

DECISION:

                           

World War I Homefront World War I Homefront World War II HomefrontWorld War II Homefront

Selective Service Act 1917 10 million men registered; 3 million served

War Industries Board (WIB) encourage mass production and efficiency; increased production 20%

Fuel Administration – monitored coal supplies, rationed gasoline and heating oil

Committee on Public Information

(CPI) propaganda agency that sells the war to the American people – paintings, posters, cartoons, and “four Minute Men”

Office of Price Administration (OPA) – set up rationing of essential goods for the military

War Production Board (WPB) converted companies to war time production; organized collection of scrap metals, irons, tin, paper, etc

Selective Service System 5 million volunteer; 10 million drafted

Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) - enlisted scientists in the war effort.. A-Bomb, radar, sonar

Propaganda - Hollywood movies, musicals, plays, and Magazines (Life, Look, and Time) inform Americans about the war

                           

A FAMILIAR THEME?A FAMILIAR THEME?

Henry Henry Johnson and Johnson and

the NY’s 369th the NY’s 369th Infantry;Infantry;“Harlem “Harlem

Hellfighters”Hellfighters”

The 54The 54thth Massachusetts Massachusetts inspiration for inspiration for

the film the film “GLORY”“GLORY”

The Civil War 1860-1865The Civil War 1860-1865 World War I 1914-1919World War I 1914-1919 World War II 1941-45World War II 1941-45

332nd 332nd Fighter Pilot Fighter Pilot Squadron; Squadron;

the the "Tuskegee "Tuskegee Airmen"Airmen"

                           

A FAMILIAR THEME?A FAMILIAR THEME?Treatment of AsiansTreatment of Asians

Chinese Exclusion Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 closed the Act 1882 closed the

door to Chinese door to Chinese ImmigrantsImmigrants

Chinese Exclusion, 1882Chinese Exclusion, 1882

Japanese Internment, 1942Japanese Internment, 1942

Executive Order Executive Order #9066 establishes #9066 establishes relocation centers relocation centers

for for

The U.S. Government can The U.S. Government can suppress some suppress some civil rightscivil rights during during

wartime…wartime…Lincoln and the Lincoln and the Civil WarCivil War (1861-1865)– (1861-1865)– suspending writ of habeas corpus suspending writ of habeas corpus

Schenck vs. US Schenck vs. US WWI WWI (1914-1917) Free (1914-1917) Free speech issue -Clear and present dangerspeech issue -Clear and present danger

Japanese Internment during WW II (1941-Japanese Internment during WW II (1941-1945)1945)