java ee for the cloud

Copyright © 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Java EE for the Cloud

Dmitry KornilovJSONB/P Specification LeadOracle

@m0musOctober 20, 2016

Copyright © 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 2

Safe Harbor StatementThe following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.


Program Agenda

Road to Java EE 8

Proposed Shift in Focus

Java EE 8 Revised Proposal

Java EE 9 Proposal

Q & A

1

2

3

4

5


Road to Java EE 8

J2EE 1.2

J2EE 1.3

J2EE 1.4

Java EE 5

Java EE 6

Java EE 7

1999 2001 2003 2006 2009 2013

Servlet, JSP, EJB, JMS, JTA, RMI-IIOP

EJB 2.0, JSTL, JAAS, JCA

EJB 2.1, WebServices, JAXP, JSF, JMX,Deployment

EJB 3.0, JPA, JAX-WS, JAXB, SAAJ, StAX

JAX-RS, Servlet 3.0, EJB 3.1, JPA 2.0, CDI, BV

JAX-RS 2.0,WebSocket, JSON-P, Concurrency, JMS 2.0


Java EE 8 Community Survey

https://java.net/downloads/javaee-spec/JavaEE8_Community_Survey_Results.pdf







Java EE 7

Connector JAXBJSP Debugging

Managed BeansJSPConcurrency EE Interceptors JAX-WS WebSocket

Bean Validation JASPIC ServletJMS JTADeployment

Batch JACCDependency Injection JAXR JSTL Management

CDI EJB JAX-RPC Web ServicesJSF Java Persistence

JSON-PCommon Annotations EL JAX-RS Web Services MetadataJavaMail

CDI

JSON-P

MVC

Bean Validation

JSF

JAX-RS

JSP

Servlet

Java EE 8 (Original Proposal, 2014)

JSON-B Security


“The world has changed. I see it in the water. I feel it in the Earth. I smell it in the air...”

– J.R.R. Tolkien

Copyright © 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Confidential – Oracle Internal/Restricted/Highly Restricted

8

Java EE - Available On Premise and in the Cloud

05/03/2023

Cloud

On Premise

WebSphere WebLogicRed Hat JBoss

8Copyright © 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Choice of Implementations

David Delabassee

Need to replace JCS logo with Mike's "Oracle PaaS Logo"


Java EE APIs - Backbone of Leading Open Source Projects

Java EE Containers

Microservices WebContainers

WebFrameworks

PaaSREST


Java EE + Cloud• More demanding business requirements• Move to the Cloud for agility & flexibility• Shift from physical infrastructure to virtual• Microservices vs. monolithic applications• Runtime packaged with applications


Cloud Development

Heterogeneous Clients• Mobile, REST, HTML5

Stateless Services• Managed and scaled

independently

Data Sources• Relational, non-relational

User profile service

Order service

Partnerservice

Catalog service

Notification service

Import service

HTTP/2 REST JSON XHR

Event JAX-RS/JSON Notifications JAX-WS

RDBMS NoSQL DB TSDBData Streams

Time SeriesEventsKey ValueJDBC

11


It's Confusing!

Too many choices...Which components?

Overall architecture?

Standards?

Vendor commitment?


Proposed Enhancements to Java EE• New AppDev style for Cloud and Microservices• Build on proven technologies• Comprehensive– Programming Model, Packaging, Portability

• Standards-based– This is a proposal only–Will work with the community and follow the JCP process


Designed for Agility and Scalability with Security• Programming Model– Reactive programming– Unified event model

• Eventual Consistency– Automatically event out changes to observed data structures– Data sources with manageable consistency

• NoSQL– Persistence and query interface for Key Value and Document DB

• Security– Support of OAuth2, OpenID Connect– Secret management

App

App

App

App


Location Transparency and Resiliency• Configuration– Externalized configuration– Multiple configuration sources

• State– API for external state

• Resiliency– Circuit breakers– Health check API

Reliability, Monitoring

Container Management

Scheduling & Elastic Scaling

Key Value

Database

Logging

Configuration

State

Security

Notification

User profile service

Order service

Catalog service


Packaging and Simplicity• Packaging– Package applications, runtimes into containers– Standalone immutable executable binary– Multi-artifact archives– Leveraging Java 9 module system

• Serverless– Ephemeral instantiation

• Multitenancy– Increased density– Tenant-aware

App

ServerOrder

service

App

ServerCatalog service


Recent Java EE 7 compatibility updates: Congratulations! Technical Focus Areas

17

Extend for reactive programming

Unified event model Event messaging API JAX-RS, HTTP/2, Lambda,

JSON-B, ...

Programming Model

API to store externalized state

Automatically event out changes to observed data structures

Extension to support client-side circuit breakers

Resilient commands Standardize on client-side

format for reporting health

New spec – interfaces, packaging format, manifest

Ephemeral instantiation

Secret management OAuth OpenID

Package applications, runtimes into services

Standalone immutable executable binary

Multi-artifact archives

Increased density Tenant-aware routing and

deployment

Externalize configuration Unified API for accessing

configuration

Persistence and query interface for key value and document DB

Key Value/Doc Store Configuration Resiliency

Packaging

Eventual Consistency

Serverless

Multitenancy

State

Security


Engage Java EE Community• Feedback through Survey• Launch Java EE Next JSRs

2016Java EE 8 • Specs, RI, TCK complete • Initial microservices support • Define Java EE 9 • Early access implementation

of Java EE 9

Java EE 9• Specs, RI, TCK complete• Modular Java EE runtime • Enhanced microservices

support

Java EE Roadmap

2017

2018


We Are Hiring• Senior Java Developer–Work on JAX-RS, HTTP/2 and Servlet projects– Participate in specifications development–Working on Reference Implementations and TCKs– Participate in community reviews, forums, mailing lists– Strong experience in Java and Java EE (5+ years)– Full description

• Contacts– [email protected]

http://www.lmcg2.com/pd/1154315879/?rps=202

mailto:[email protected]


We Need Your Feedback

Take the Java Community Surveyhttp://glassfish.org/survey

http://glassfish.org/survey


Java EE 8 Revised Proposal JSON <-> object mapping

JSON-B 1.0 (JSR 367)

No ChangeProposed to DropProposed to Add

JSON Pointer JSON Patch Java 8 Lambda support

JSON-P 1.1 (JSR 374) Reactive enhancements Server-sent events Non-blocking I/O Client-side circuit breakers

JAX-RS 2.1 (JSR 370) HTTP/2 support

Servlet 4.0 (JSR 369)

Small-scale new features Community-driven improvements

JSF 2.3 (JSR 372) Action-based MVC framework

MVC 1.0 (JSR 371) Bootstrap API for Java SE Asynchronous events Observer ordering

CDI 2.0 (JSR 365) Collection constraints Date/Time support Community-requested features

Bean Validation 2.0 (JSR 380)

Authentication/authorization APIs OAuth support OpenID support Secret management

Security 1.0 (JSR 375) REST-based APIs

Management 2.0 (JSR 373) Flexible JMS MDBs Improved XA support

JMS 2.1 (JSR 368)

Externalized configuration Multiple configuration sources Layering and overrides

Configuration Client-side health checking

Health Checking


Java EE 7

Connector JAXBJSP Debugging

Managed BeansJSPConcurrency EE Interceptors JAX-WS WebSocket

Bean Validation JASPIC ServletJMS JTADeployment

Batch JACCDependency Injection JAXR JSTL Management

CDI EJB JAX-RPC Web ServicesJSF Java Persistence

JSON-PCommon Annotations EL JAX-RS Web Services MetadataJavaMail

CDI

JSON-P

Security

Bean Validation

JSF

JAX-RS

JSP

Servlet

Health CheckConfiguration

Java EE 8 (Revised Proposal, 2016)

JSON-B


JSON-P 1.1• Update JSON-P spec to stay current with emerging standards (RFC 7159)• Support for IETF standards on – JSON Pointer (RFC 6901)– JSON Patch (RFC 6902)– JSON Merge Patch (RFC 7396)

• Add editing/transformation operations to JSON objects and arrays• Support for a streaming API, together with Collectors• Support for processing big JSON, e.g. add filters to JSON parsing.


JSON Pointer SampleJsonArray dogs = . . .;JsonPointer pointer = Json.createPointer("/1/breed");JsonValue breed = pointer.getValue(dogs);p.replace(dogs, Json.createValue("English Bulldog"));

[ { "name": "Cassidy", "breed": "English Bulldog", "age": 6 }, { "name": "Falco", "breed": "Pug", "age": 4 }]


JSON Patch Sample• Modify Parts of JSON document• Patch is a JSON document itself• Operations:– Add, replace, remove, move, copy, test

[ { "name": "Cassidy", "breed": "English Bulldog", "age": 6 }, { "name": "Falco", "breed": "Pug", "age": 4 }, { "name": "Funes", "breed": "Frenchie", "age": 2 }]

[ { "op": "replace", "path": "/1/breed", "value": "English Bulldog" }, { "op": "remove", "path": "/2" }]


JSON-B 1.0• API to serialize/deserialize Java objects to/from JSON documents– Similar to JAX-B– Standardizes the current technologies (Jackson, Genson, Gson)

• Default mapping between classes and JSON• Customization APIs– Annotations (@JsonbProperty, @JsonbNillable)– Runtime configuration builder

• Natural follow on to JSON-P– Closes the JSON support gap– Allows to change providers


JSON-B SampleDog dog1 = new Dog();dog1.setName("Cassidy");dog1.setBreed("English Bulldog");dog1.setAge(6);

Dog dog2 = new Dog();dog2.setName("Falco");dog2.setBreed("English Bulldog");dog2.setAge(4);

List<Dog> dogs = new ArrayList<>();dogs.add(dog1);dogs.add(dog2);

Jsonb jsonb = JsonbBuilder.create();jsonb.toJson(dogs);

[ { "name": "Cassidy", "breed": "English Bulldog", "age": 6 }, { "name": "Falco", "breed": "English Bulldog", "age": 4 }]


CDI 2.0• Define behavior of CDI outside of a Java EE container• Make CDI more modular to help other Java EE specs better integrate with it– Core CDI– CDI in Java SE– CDI in Java EE

• API to bootstrap a CDI container in Java SE• Observer ordering• Asynchronous event firing


JAX-RS 2.1• Server-sent events• Non-blocking I/O in providers (filters, interceptors…)• Reactive programming paradigm to improve JAX-RS asynchronous clients• Hypermedia API enhancements• Integration with other JSRs and frameworks• Circuit breakers


SSE – Server Code@Path("tickers")public class StockTicker { @Resource ManagedExecutorService executor;

@GET @Produces("text/event-stream") public EventOutput getQuotes() { EventOutput output = new EventOutput();

executor.execute(() -> { ... output.send(new StockQuote(...)); ... });

return output; }}


SSE – Client CodeWebTarget target = client.target("http://example.com/tickers");

EventSource eventSource = new EventSource(target) { @Override public void onEvent(InboundEvent inboundEvent) { StockQuote quote = inboundEvent.readData(StockQuote.class); ... }};

eventSource.open();


Servlet 4.0• Support for HTTP/2– Request/response multiplexing– Server push– Upgrade from HTTP 1.1

• Compatibility with latest HTTP 1.1 RFCs• Smaller community-requested improvements (JIRA issues)


JSF 2.3• Better CDI integration• WebSocket integration• Ajax method invocation• Class-level Bean Validation• Java Date/Time support


Java EE Security 1.0• API for managing users and groups• Simple security providers• Support for password aliasing• API for role mapping• Metadata and API for authentication• Interceptors for authorization, with CDI support• OAuth and OpenID Connect support• Secret management


Simple Security Providers@EmbedddedSecurityProvider({ @Credentials(username="user1", password="password", roles="admin"), @Credentials(username="user2", password="password", roles="user")})

@DatabaseSecurityProvider( lookup="java:global/MyDB", userQuery="SELECT password FROM principals WHERE username=?", rolesQuery="SELECT role FROM roles where username=?", ...)

@LdapSecurityProvider(url="...", dnPrefix="...", dnSuffix="...", ...)


Bean Validation 2.0• Constraints applied to collection elements• Support for new Date/Time API• Integration with Optional wrappers• Repeatable annotations• Additional features requested from community


Java EE Configuration• Unified API• Externalized configuration• Support of multiple configuration sources– Properties, xml and json

• Layering and overrides• Optional configuration descriptor• Dynamic configuration• Integration with other Java EE frameworks

Java EE Config

XML JSONprop

DBweb

Application


Java EE Configuration• Unified API• Externalized configuration• Support of multiple configuration sources– Properties, xml and json formats support out of the box

• Layering and overrides

Java EE 8

• Optional configuration descriptor• Dynamic configuration• Integration with other Java EE frameworks

Java EE 9


API

a=JavaOneb=9c=2016

Config config = ConfigProvider.getConfig();

// Returns "JavaOne"String a = config.getProperty("a");

// Returns string "9"String b = config.getProperty("b");

// Returns nullString notExists = config.getProperty("not.exist");

// Returns string "default"String notExistsDefault = config.getProperty("not.exist","default");

// Returns number 2016Long c = config.getProperty("c", Long.class);


Defining Configuration Sources• Using config.sources runtime parameter

• Using API

• Using config-sources.xml

java –jar my.jar –Dconfig.source=/cfg/config.json,http://shared/global.xml

Config config = ConfigProvider.builder() .addSource(new FileSource("/cfg/config.json"), 200) .addSource(new WebSource("http://shared/global.xml"), 100) .build();

<config-sources> <source>/cfg/config.json</source> <source>http://shared/config.xml</source></config-sources>


Health Check• Standard health-check end-point– <service>/management/health– Services can choose to over-ride default location

• Define a format of health-check – JSON, XML

• Health-check Java API– Annotations– Lightweight Java API


Health Check Samplepublic class MyHealthContributor { // Variant example which does not take a HealthContext. // Directly callable with REST @HealthProvider @Path("bar") @GET public Health contributeHealthSummary() { Health health = new Health(); ... return health; }}


Eventing API• Make event producer and consumer as top level configurable, injectable

objects• Be able to send and receive events synchronously and asynchronously• Incorporate reactive style in API– Use Java 9 Flow for batched asynchronous event sending

• Be able to programmatically start and stop asynchronous event consumer• Provide pluggability of underlying messaging system– Kafka, ZeroMQ, RabbitMQ

• Integration with Java EE Configuration API


Eventing API Example@Inject @EventConfig(configkey="myeventconfig")EventProducer producer;

public void someMethod() { producer.sendEvent("My event: hello");}

@Inject @EventConfig(configkey="myeventconfig")EventConsumer consumer;

public void someMethod() { System.out.println(consumer.receiveEvent(1000L));}


Q & A

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