[CDAIT is pronounced “sedate”]

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“IoT, 5G and the DoD Smart Warehouse Project”

Jeff Evans

Principal Research Engineer, Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI)Treasurer, National Spectrum Consortium (NSC)

Co-founder and Chairman of the Board, Georgia Tech Center for the Development and Application of Internet of things Technologies (CDAIT)

March 12 – 13, 2020 | Paradise Point Resort & Spa | San Diego, CA

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Acknowledgments

Most of the material presented here is based on information provided by the National Spectrum Consortium and work done

at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) as well as my involvement with the Georgia Tech Center for the Development

and Application of Internet of Things Technologies (CDAIT).

My R&D Programs Leading to IoT & 5G

GTRI – applied research arm of GT

My background has been primarily mobile comms, interoperability, and emerging technologies

Member, National Spectrum Consortium (NSC) Executive Committee

Member of Atlanta Smart City/IoT working group

Co-founder of the Institute for People and Technology (IPaT) and founded CDAIT, an IoT research center of which I am Chairman of the Board

Georgia Tech’s Center for the Development &Application of Internet of Things Technologies

CDAIT OBJECTIVES:

CDAIT is a global, nonprofit, partner-funded center that fosters

the development of interdisciplinary Internet of Things (IoT)

research and education while driving general awareness

about IoT’s capabilities and potential. It bridges sponsors with

Georgia Tech faculty and researchers as well as with industry

members with similar interests.

Advance management, scientific, and technological research throughout the IoT value chain.

Develop IoT-related educational and training programs for the future and current workforce.

Promote global awareness of IoT potential, capabilities and role as a catalyst for innovation, ecological sustainability, and economic growth.

Expand

Educate

Energize

Disclaimer: All trademarks, service marks, logos and pictures displayed on this slide are for illustrative purposes only and may not necessarily be official representations approved by the respective companies.

Present & Past CDAIT Members

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CDAIT – The Three Stages of the Internet of Things

Monitoring & Control

Remotely Connecting, Measuring, Tracking and Tracing (telemetry; telematics; M2M; LBS; RTLS; and ICS) [*]

Data Optimization

Data captured at the edge transformed into actionable and valuable ($) information (modeling & simulation; descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics)

[*] Telemetry is the automatic measurement and wireless transmission of data from remote sources; [Vehicle] telematics refers to the gathering, storing, and transmitting of data about a vehicle(s) for monitoring purposes; M2M = Machine-to-Machine communications; LBS = Location-Based Service; RTLS = Real-time Locating System; ICS = Industrial Control Systems [including supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other control system configurations such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)].

Interconnection of Intelligent Things

“The grand vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a world of networked intelligent objects.” (Harvard Berkman Center); see also the emerging concepts of “Massive IoT” and “Critical IoT” in the telecom industry, and “Intelligent Connectivity” at GSMA.

STAGE I STAGE II STAGE III

IoT – Some Truths Are Timeless

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2008

“The interesting thing about cloud computing is that we’ve redefined cloud computing to include everything that we already do. ... Maybe I’m an idiot, but I have no idea what anyone is talking about. What is it? It’s complete gibberish. It’s insane. When is this idiocy going to stop?“

How Opinions Change…

cbronline.com

• 2012“I like the words [cloud computing]. It’s a charismatic brand. And people do need to simplify their existing data centers and deliver services in simpler ways.”

Larry Ellison (Oracle)

• New comms for IoT usage patterns (Bluetooth Low Energy, SigFox, LoRaWAN,

LTE-M, NB-IoT, etc.) – will demand flexible “situational” spectrum

• Spectrum awareness from device-network-application – what spectrum is available

in a crowded environment? DoD has/is now sharing critical operational

frequencies

• Spectrum access from Whitespace (500-700 MHz), ISM band, LTE (450-6,000

MHz) to millimeter wave (mmWave) (as high as 72 GHz and above)

• Unique Peer-to-Peer and Mesh (industry, home, cityscape) – with standards

• Techniques for visualization – Augmented Reality and Wearable Computers

• Analytics and decision making– How do you trust autonomous device & net decision

making? The ultimate cognitive dashboard.

• Plug-play sensors

• Open Standard solutions

• Home and Industry Automation – integrated gateway research (application to

military smart bases, installations, and logistics)

Key IoT Technical Requirements

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Autonomous concepts an overarching Imperative Property

• Self-establishing, self-healing, proprietary and open-standards networks

• Secure comms on the edge with dynamic spectrum

• Security across the network – many pathways for indirect access to

information

• Massive changes end-to-end architecture: Network Slicing, Dynamic

RAN and SDR, Massive MIMO, Geo-localization technologies with timing

are critical

• Scalability and standards interoperability

• Analytics of massive data

• AI – Semantic Web (common framework that can be processed by machines)

• Machine learning/Artificial intelligence

• Privacy of data

Ongoing IoT Research Challenges

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• Optimize the work flow and logistics flow (and model)

• Implement certificate-based classes in Logistics, inventory, warehousing, etc

• Develop Additive Manufacturing, particularly for long lead items or obsolete parts

• Implementing autonomous inventory capability (next add retrieval with real-time/low latency control)

• Ensure interoperability to primary and legacy data systems

• Add advances in Maintenance (AR/VR/Mixed reality)

Ultimately – a seamless integration from location and health of items across the supply chain with optimized storage and maintenance and predictive awareness. Thus, IoT-5G-AI&ML

Our current efforts with DoD and Smart

Warehouse:

filename -11

Now the holy grail of IoT-5G-AI

• IoT – everything is a sensor, with information to share

• 5G – the potential “Ecosystem” to support a Hetergeneous world?

• And advances in Data Analytics and

Machine Learning to provide:

Autonomous capability based on AI

principles

Ultimate Golden Concept: You get

the one bit of information you need,

wherever you are in the world, in the

right format, and maybe even before

you know you need it!

From Industry, Academia, to DoD

filename -12

http://www.innovata-llc.com/data

UNITED STATES PRESIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM Presidential Memorandum on Developing a Sustainable Spectrum Strategy

for America’s Future INFRASTRUCTURE & TECHNOLOGY Issued on: October 25, 2018

• Within 180 days agencies report anticipated future spectrum requirements

• The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) shall report on emerging technologies and their expected impact on non-Federal spectrum demand

• The Director of OSTP shall report on recommendations for research and development priorities that advance spectrum access and efficiency

• Within 270 days submit a long-term National Spectrum Strategy that includes legislative, regulatory, or other policy recommendations

• The Chief Technology Officer and the Director of the National Economic Council, or their designees, shall co-chair a Spectrum Strategy Task Force

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The NSC – Supporting DoD via Spectrum Deployment, Use, Sharing

• Mission: The NSC mission is to foster collaboration between Government and Industry to identify, develop and demonstrate the enabling technologies necessary to broaden the military and commercial access to and use of the electromagnetic spectrum.

• Vision: Government, Industry and Academia working side by side on the common challenge of satisfying the vastly increasing demand for the use of electromagnetic spectrum; thereby, stimulating U.S. innovation and economic growth and removing obstacles to U.S. military operations both domestically and overseas.

• Scope: 5-year, $1.2B Section 815 Other Transaction with OUSD(R&E) through ACC-NJ to develop prototype hardware, software, and system technologies for:• Technology Development & Maturation

• Technology Demonstration

• Technology Experimentation

• Technology Analysis to Inform Requirements and Policy Consideration

Defense Next Generation Information Communications Technology (5G)

Industry and government working together… Leverage Existing relationships with global developers (Samsung, Nokia, etc.) Leverage ongoing infrastructure upgrades:

Testing and Training Range Spectrum Sharing and Spectrum Efficiency prototypes

Pool resources via Public/Private Partnerships Install on DOD bases to serve as prototype for rural domestic commercial

deployment…attack “million pole problem” Whole of Government approach:

Leverage data to engage with local governments to smooth way for commercial build out

All DOD networks will include “gold standard” security Use Cases offer opportunities for international collaboration to build cohesiveness

in international standards development bodies Get technology out of the laboratories and integrated into existing systems

Make Spectrum Sharing a U.S. Strength: Key to “more data, more devices, instant response”

DoD 5G Engagement with Industry

• National Spectrum Consortium- Established in 2013 as a public/private partnership

- Now has over 300 industry members

- Over 250 5G technical concepts received

- Over 1500 comments on draft 5G RFPs from 50 companies

- Final 5G RFPs to be issued in February 2020

• Information Warfare Research Program (IWRP) Consortium

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DoD 5G Approach

• 5G is transformational- Not just new radios and cell phones- “Ubiquitous connectivity”: human-to-human, machine-to-machine,

human-to-machine

• Critical for DoD use, but – there is no such thing as a secure system - DoD must use networks in which we have "zero trust”- Must operate through adversary impediments

• DoD approach: partner with industry to understand / influence 5G- Fully utilize the advantages- Mitigate and work with the vulnerabilities - Collaborative experimentation to leverage the > $350B industry

investment in the U.S. over the next 5 years

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Ultimately, the military that masters ubiquitous connectivity will maintain overmatch.

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Overview of DoD 5G Activities

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Technology Focus Areas

Military Use of 5GPrototyping and experimentation

5G SecurityMitigate and work with vulnerabilities

SpectrumExperiment and evaluate sharing

Standards

DoD Department-wide effortEngage with 5G organizations, e.g., 3GPP

Interagency activitiesCoordinated with NSC/NEC

Policy and“Whole of Government” Strategy

Shape to protect US interestsStatutes, policies, regulations, standards

Interagency coordinationFCC, NTIA, DHS, NSA, State, DOJ, NSC/NEC 5G PCC

International Engagement

Promote robust global infrastructure Cooperation on supply chain, sourcing, validation/verification

Strengthen allied 5G infrastructureCollaborative experiments on alternatives

Industry Engagement Leverage innovation of US industry National Spectrum Consortium, CBRS Alliance, WInnForum

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DoD 5G Prototyping & Experimentation

• Accelerate – Hasten DoD’s adoption of 5G

- At-scale test facilities that enable rapid experimentation & dual-use application prototyping

- Red/blue-teaming to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities

• Operate Through – Ensure that US forces can operate through wherever and whenever we deploy

- Dynamic spectrum utilization

- “Zero Trust” architectures

- DoD-specific enhancements to commercial technology

• Innovate – Enhance 5G technology and invest in future “Next G” technologies

- There is no finish line.

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5G to Next G – Use Cases

Dynamic Spectrum Utilization

Logistics Asset Management Smart Installations

Smart Depot / WarehouseAugmented & Virtual Reality

FOUO ???

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5G to Next G Program – Tranche 1

• 4 initial experimentation sites with 3 initial use cases

- Hill AFB, UT – dynamic spectrum sharing between 5G and high-power military radars

- Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA – AR/VR for high-fidelity training

- Naval Base San Diego, CA – smart warehouse and logistics

- Marine Corps Logistics Base Albany, GA – smart warehouse

• Site attributes include- Streamlined access to site spectrum

bands for experimentation- Wireless & wired infrastructure- Support for infrastructure

requirements- Congested communications environs- Ability to experiment with dynamic

spectrum sharing

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Smart Warehouse

Dynamic Spectrum Sharing

Source: DARPA

Augmented & Virtual Reality

Source: DARPA

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Smart WarehouseNaval Base San Diego, CA

• Smart Warehouse- Digitization, automation, and

optimization- Autonomous systems- AR/VR systems- Machine vision- Integration Navy logistics

systems

• Naval Base San Diego- Design and deploy 5G

infrastructure in and around warehouse test site

- Employ and test advanced 5G features

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Smart WarehouseUSMC Logistics Base Albany, GA

• Smart Warehouse- Digitization, automation, and

optimization- Autonomous systems- AR/VR systems- Machine vision- Integration Marine Corp

logistics systems

• USMC Log Base Albany- Design and deploy 5G

infrastructure in and around warehouse test site

- Employ and test advanced 5G features

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Example DoD 5G Outcomes

Accelerate 5G

Operate Through

Innovatefor “Next G”

• 5G that can be deployed at DoD sites – more quickly, lower cost – e.g., - Enterprise TTPs

- Pre-approved “bill of materials”

- Expedited ATOs

• 5G that improves DoD facility operations – increase efficiency, lower cost – e.g., - Networked automated vehicles, e.g., tractors, forklifts

- Networked automated logistics hardware and software

• 5G that improves DoD tactical operations – rapid deployment / adaptation – e.g., - Deployable 5G multi-antenna systems

- Deployable 5G base stations

- Accredited 5G endpoints (phones, sensors, machines)

- Mission planning AR/VR applications with real-time sensor integration

• Counter adversary attempts to deny access to the RF spectrum, e.g., - Hardware and software for sensing what is using the spectrum

- Software for classification of signals

- Hardware and software for dynamically using the spectrum

• Counter adversary attempts to deny access to 5G networks, e.g., - “Zero Trust” architectures that mitigate attacks on network roles / authorities

- Architectures to counter attacks on network traffic content and flows

- DoD-specific 5G security enhancements

• Enhance 5G technology and invest in future “Next G” technologies, e.g., - Highly directional mid-band systems for LPI/LPD

- Robust network protocols for multiple security levels

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5G Standards Engagement

• Ongoing participation in 5G standards - 3GPP, ATIS, IEEE- DoD wide membership access - Monitoring standards working groups/proposals - Example: Supply Chain Working Group with industry via ATIS

• Developed DoD 5G Standards Engagement Plan- Established cross-Department SME team to represent DoD- Prioritizing standards relevant to DoD- Organizing technical teams - Physical layer (spectrum), security,

networking, and 5G services such as IoT, V2X, SAT5G, AR/VR - Expand coordination to FVEY and international partners

• Ongoing interagency coordination - Led by National Security Council and National Economic Council - Manage common effort with NTIA, NIST, DoT, DoJ, FCC, DHS, …

ATIS: Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions 3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project V2X: Vehicle to EverythingIEEE: Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers AR/VR: Augmented / Virtual Reality SAT5G: Satellite 5G

IoT: Internet of Things

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MCLB Smart Warehouse Overview

Design & Eqpt for 5G

Infrastructure

• Autonomous Robotic Technology Insertion (ARTI)

• Optical Character Recognition (OCR) • Marine Corps Pre-Positioning Information

Center (MCPIC)

• Radio Access Network (RAN)• Connectivity• Core• Spectrum • Security• Equipment TR-L 8+

• Large Bandwidth• Network Slicing• Advanced Network Security• Massive Machine to Machine• Ultra-Reliable & Low Latency Comm

• Digitization and Automation of Logistics Functions

• Automation of Facilities Functions• Data Management and Analytics• Application Integration w/

Existing USMC Applications

System Integration and

Experimentation

TA-1

5G Network Experiments

TA-3

5G Enabled Experiments

and Apps

TA-4TA-2

4 Technical Areas

The objective of this effort is to increase the efficiency and fidelity of MARCORLOGCOM

logistic operations by leveraging a robust and reliable 5G network

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Prototyping Activities

▼ Design and equipment for 5G Infrastructure (RAN, Connectivity, Core)

Design an end-to-end, private 5G mobile cellular network (5G environment or network)

▼ 5G Network Experiments – Utilization of 5G network attributes (e.g. network slicing, security)

Employ & test advanced 5G features to directly enable or enhance sharing or coexistence

▼ 5G Enabled Experiments and Applications

Design (initial and iterative), test and implement desired application technologies and systems utilizing the basic 5G environment

There are priority applications and use cases for this technical area listed in the RPP to create a Smart Warehouse Solution

• Georgia Tech is researching IoT and smart

“system” deployments via testbeds, thought

leadership, education, and industry/government

collaborations and Smart City/Smart Base

• 5G will enable rapid expansion of IoT deployment

• Federal Government sees a critical need and thus

development of projects via the National Spectrum

Consortium (NSC)

• Targeted use cases of

• spectrum sharing,

• integration of sensors, edge computing, AI,

• security,

• and a range of applications including visualization &

Mixed Reality, smart warehouses/bases/ports, etc.

We would welcome collaborating with you!

Conclusions

http://www.innovata-llc.com/data

https://michiganross.umich.edu/

Center for the Development and Application of Internet of Things Technologies (CDAIT)

Disclaimer: All trademarks, service marks, logos and

pictures used in this presentation belong to their respective

owners. Images and text owned by other copyright holders

are used here under the guidelines of the Fair Use

provisions of United States Copyright Law.

www.cdait.gatech.edu

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Thank You!

Jeff Evans

jeff.evans@gtri.gatech.edu

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Project Activities – Phases

▼ Phase I - System Design Development of: Systems Engineering Master Plan (SEMP), Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP), Spectrum Supportability Risk Assessment

(SSRA), and Initial System Design

Selection of hardware & software components for initial system integration

Conduct Systems Engineering Technical Reviews (SETR) & applicable security reviews

Demonstrations of software & hardware components for validation and authorization

▼ Phase II – Integration Testing & Demonstration Demonstrations of integrated system components and applications with end-to-end data flows

Elicit end-user feedback into human factors

Produce a CONOPS for an automated warehouse

Conduct SETR review(s), security testing, and update required documentation from Phase 1

Initiate ATO package

▼ Phase III – Installation, Verification, & Validation Installation, verification, and validation the prototype capabilities

Operation of hardware and software equipment

Demonstration of system-level functionality, demonstration of security features

Delivery of the ATO package

Transition planning to include opportunities for prototype maturation tech insertion

The Enterprise Model

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Overarching Agreement:10 U.S.C. 2371 Section 815 Other Transaction

National Spectrum Consortium (NSC)

Government Spectrum Community

OUSD, R&E Department of the Army Department of the Navy Department of the Air Force Special Operations Command DARPA DTRA NGA Other Agencies and Departments

Defense Contractors Small Businesses Academic Institutions Non Profit Organizations Not -for-Profit Organizations Non-Traditional Defense Contractors

Defense Next Generation Information Communications Technology (5G)

Why Needed? First-mover country stands to create millions of jobs

First-movers also set standards, which create advantages

Increase access in rural areas

Enhance DoD capabilities and decision-making

Economic growth – billions, perhaps trillions on the line

Cannot lead without followers If U.S. builds devices for mmWave and rest of world is setup for sub-6,

interoperability becomes a problem, and global supply base dries up

Dynamic spectrum access requires additional investment

The NSC Bottom Line

The National Spectrum Consortium is a research and development organization that incubates new technologies to revolutionize the way in which spectrum is utilized. Through business processes that enable collaboration as well as competition, the NSC:

Executing over 50 projects valued at $500M

Our teams are developing new technologies that are making our military stronger and enhancing the competitiveness of the commercial sector.