jeremias prassl humans as a service - oecd · 2018-09-12 · jeremias prassl humans as a service...
TRANSCRIPT
Jeremias PrasslHumans as a service
Discussion
Stijn BroeckeSenior EconomistSkills and Employability DivisionDirectorate for Employment, Labour and Social AffairsOECD
NAEC SeminarParis, 29 June 2018
The platform economy may be growing fast (but it remains small)
New platform vacanciesMay 2016 to February 2018
28-day moving average, May 2016=100
Source: Kässi, O. & Lehdonvirta, V. (2016), Online Labor Index.
0.5%1%3%5%
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
The platform economy is also heterogeneous
Work on-demand via platformsE.g. ride-hailing, delivery, accommodation
Online gig work (“crowdsourcing”)E.g. click work, freelancing
Countries buying online labour are not the same as countries supplying online labour
And platform work can be highly international
Source: Oxford Internet Institute, Online Labor Index.
Does policy need a paradigm shift?
Skills. Lifelong learning: from rhetoric to reality.
Own-account workers benefit participate less in training
Percentage of adults who participated in adult education and training during year prior to the survey, by firm size
020406080
100
More than 50 people 1 to 50 people Own-account workers
Does policy need a paradigm shift?
Skills. Lifelong learning: from rhetoric to reality.
Regulation. Balancing flexibility with security.
There has been a rise in dependent self-employment
0
1
2
3
4
Denmark Norway France Sweden Germany Spain UnitedKingdom
Finland Italy
2010 2015
* **
*
“Few problems in the law have given a greater variety of application and conflict than the
cases arising in the borderland between what is clearly an employer-employee relationship
and what is clearly one of independent entrepreneurial dealing”
- US Supreme Court (1944)
Does policy need a paradigm shift?
Skills. Lifelong learning: from rhetoric to reality.
Regulation. Balancing flexibility with security.
Social protection. Repairing or replacing the safety net?
Many non-standard workers slip through the (social safety) net
Source: Spasova et al. (2017).
Statutory access to social protection for the self-employedOld age Invalidity
Parental benefits
Sickness benefits
Accidents at work
Unempl. benefits
FinlandSweden
DenmarkSpain
NorwayGermany
NetherlandsFrance
Italy
12
Many non-standard workers slip through the (social safety) net
55% The share of self-employed (15-64) in the EU at risk of not being entitled to unemployment benefits
38% The share of self-employed (15-64) in the EU at risk of not being entitled to sickness benefits
46% The share of self-employed women (15-49) in the EU at risk of not being entitled to maternity benefits
Source: EC (2016): “Non-standard employment and access to social security benefits”
Statutory access is not the same as effective access
Does policy need a paradigm shift?
Skills. Lifelong learning: from rhetoric to reality.
Regulation. Balancing flexibility with security.
Social protection. Repairing or replacing the safety net?
Social dialogue. Rebuilding or reinventing?
Trade union density has been declining steadily in most OECD countries
Trends in union densityPercentage of employees, 1985-2015
05
10152025303540
1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
Europeanunion
Japan
UnitedStates
The OECD Future of Work InitiativeEmployment Outlook 2019 Policy workshops
Policy briefs Analytical work
The OECD Future of Work Initiative
www.oecd.org/employment/future-of-work/
Contact: [email protected]
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