jesus, the middle eastern storyteller by gary m. burge, chapter 1

8/14/2019 Jesus, the Middle Eastern Storyteller by Gary M. Burge, Chapter 1

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E`sus, tg` Hiaaj` @mst`ro Vtdryt`jj`rcy Lmry H. Curl`

Qg` pmrmcj`s db E`sus fdh` mjiv` ms o`v`r c`bdr` wgò Lmry H. Curl`

uofdv`rs tg` fujtur` tgmt liv`s tg`h tgìr a``p`st h`moiol. Gis `xp`rt,

ijjustrmtà luia` sgdws io `v`ryamy t`rhs gdw tg` fustdhs, jit`rmtur`

moa vmju`s db tg` mofiòt wdrja fmo iobdrh moa lrdw ydur bmitg io tdamy’s

ailitmj ml`.

Mcdut tg` Mutgdr5

Lmry H. Curl` ([gA, Niol's Fdjj`l`, Mc`ra`ò Poiv`rsity) is m prdb`ssdr db

O`w Q`stmhòt io tg` A`pmrthòt db Cicjifmj & Qg`djdlifmj Vtuai`s mt

\g`mtdo Fdjj`l` moa Lrmaumt` Vfgddj. Lmry gms mutgdrà m ouhc`r dbcddns, iofjuaiol \gd Mr` Lda’s [`dpj` io tg` Hiaaj` @mst4 \gmt

Fgristimos Mr` Odt Cìol Qdja Mcdut Isrm`j moa tg` [mj`stioimos> Edgo moa

J`tt`rs db Edgo io tg` OIR Mppjifmtido Fdhhòtmry s`ri`s> Qg` O`w

Q`stmhòt io Motiquity (fdmutgdrà witg Jyoo Fdgifn moa Lò` Lr`ò)>

moa tg` birst twd vdjuh`s io tg` Mofiòt Fdot`xt, Mofiòt Bmitg s`ri`s,

Qg` Cicj` moa tg` Jmoa moa E`sus, tg` Hiaaj` @mst`ro Vtdryt`jj`r. Lmry

sp`fimjiz`s io tg` Hiaaj` @mst, its fgurfg`s, moa its gistdry io tg`G`jjòistif p`rida.
























UDOA@SRMO

E`sus, tg` Hiaaj` @mst`ro Vtdryt`jj`r

Fdpyrilgt © 3;;9 cy Lmry H. Curl`

S`qu`sts bdr iobdrhmtido sgduja c` maar`ssà td5

Udoa`rvmo, Lrmoa Smpias, Hifgilmo 1906;

Jicrmry db Fdolr`ss Fmtmjdliol-io-[ucjifmtido Amtm

Curl`, Lmry H.

E`sus, tg` Hiaaj` @mst`ro stdryt`jj`r / Lmry H. Curl`.

p. fh. (Mofiòt fdot`xt, mofiòt bmitg)

IVCO 9<7-;-6=;-37;10-6 (sdbtfdv`r)

=. E`sus Fgrist ‖ [mrmcj`s. 3. Cicj`. O.Q. Jun` ‖ Fritifish, iot`rpr`tmtido, `tf. 6.

Vtdryt`jjiol ‖ S jilidus msp`fts ‖ Fgristimoity. 1. Hiaaj` @mst ‖ Fivijizmtido. I. Qitj`.CQ6<0.6 .C7< 3;;7

332.7’;2 ‑ af33 3;;7;3=6=9

Vfriptur` tmnò brdh tg` Gdjy Cicj`, Qdamy’s O`w Iot`romtidomj R`rsido℣. QOIR®. Fdpy-

rilgt © 3;;=, 3;;0 cy Iot`romtidomj Cicj` Vdfi`ty. Psà cy p`rhissido db Udoa`rvmo. Mjj

rilgts r`s`rvà.

Moy Iot`ro`t maar`ss`s (w`csit`s, cjdls, `tf.) moa t`j`pgdo` ouhc`rs priotà io tgis cddn

mr` dbb`rà ms m r`sdurf`. Qg`y mr` odt iotòaà io moy wmy td c` dr ihpjy mo oadrs`hòtcy Udoa`rvmo, odr ad`s Udoa`rvmo vdufg bdr tg` fdotòt db tg`s` sit`s moa ouhc`rs bdr

tg` jib` db tgis cddn.

Mjj rilgts r`s`rvà. Od pmrt db tgis pucjifmtido hmy c` r`prdaufà, stdrà io m r`tri`vmj

syst`h, dr trmoshittà io moy bdrh dr cy moy h`mos ‑ j`ftrdoif, h`fgmoifmj, pgdtdfdpy,

r`fdraiol, dr moy dtg`r ‑ xf`pt bdr cri`b qudtmtidos io priotà r`vi`ws, witgdut tg` pridr

p`rhissido db tg` pucjisg`r.

Iot`ridr a`silo cy Nirn Adu[dof`, www.Adl@mràA`silo.fdh

Hmps cy Iot`romtidomj Hmppiol

[riotà io tg` Poità Vtmt`s db Mh`rifm

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Mofiòt Fdot`xt, Mofiòt Bmitg

= E@VPV’ VQDSYQ@JJIOL \DSJA =0

3 QG@ BSI@OA \GD F MH@ MQ HIAOILGQ 6=

Jun` ==5= ‖ =6

6 VQDSI@V MCDPQ @WFPV@V 16

Jun` =15=0 ‖ 31

1 VQDSI@V MCDPQ FDH[MVVIDO 00

Jun` =;530 ‖ 6<

0 VQDSI@V DB BDSLIR@O@VV 29

Hmttg`w =753= ‖ 60

2 BIOAIOL QG@ JDVQ 76

Jun` =0

< QG@ BDDJIVG CPIJA@S 99

Jun` =35=6 ‖ 3=

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9 M O F I @O Q FD O Q @ W Q, M O F I @O Q B M I Q G

V ` r i ` s I o t r d a u f t i d o 5

Mofiòt Fdot`xt, Mofiòt Bmitg

i

@R@SY FDHHPOIQY db Fgristimos tgrdulgdut gistdry gms

brmhà its uoa`rstmoaiol db spiritumj jib` witgio tg` fdot`xt

db its dwo fujtur`. Cyzmotio` Fgristimos jiviol io tg` bibtg

fòtury moa [uritmo Fgristimos jiviol dv`r m tgdusmoa y`mrs

jmt`r usà tg` wdrja io wgifg tg`y jivà td wdrn dut tg` prio-

fipj`s db Fgristimo bmitg, jib`, moa iaòtity. Qg` r`bj`x td cuija

gdus` fgurfg`s, hdomstif fdhhuoiti`s, hài`vmj fmtgàrmjs,

st``pj`-lrmfà moa vijjml`-fòt`rà fgurfg`s, dr muaitdriuhs

witg tg`mt`r s`mtiol wijj mjwmys spriol brdh tg` adhiomot fuj-

turmj bdrf`s mrduoa us.

@vò tg` wmy w` uoa`rstmoa ‚bmitg io Fgrist‘ is td sdh`

a`lr`` sgmpà cy tg`s` fujturmj bdrf`s. Bdr iostmof`, io tg`

jmst tgr`` guoarà y`mrs, \`st`ro Fgristimos gmv` mcmoadoàs`ìol bmitg ms m fgi`bjy fdhhuomj `x`rfis` (mjtgdulg tgis is

odt tru` io Mbrifm dr Msim). Mhdol tg` hmoy òadwhòts db

tg` @urdp`mo @ojilgtòhòt, ioaiviaumjish rìlos supr`h`5

Fgristimo bmitg is m p`rsdomj, privmt` òa`mvdr. \` pr`b`r td smy,

‚ I gmv` mff`ptà Fgrist,‘ rmtg`r tgmo a`bio` durs`jv`s tgrdulg

m fdhhuoity tgmt bdjjdws Fgrist. Jin`wis` (mlmio, tgmons tdtg` @ojilgtòhòt) w` gmv` `j`vmtà rmtidomjish ms m pr`hi`r

vmju`. Mhdol hmoy Fgristimos bmitg is m fdostruft db tg` hioa,

















































=; E@VPV , Q G @ H I AAJ @ @ MV Q@S O VQD S Y Q@J J @S

mo `bbdrt mt nodwj al` lmioà tgrdulg stuay, mo mssòt td m s`t

db tg`djdlifmj prdpdsitidos. Vdh`tih`s `vò nodwiol wgmt ydu

c`ji`v` truhps c`ji`b its`jb.

Qd c` sur`, hmoy Fgristimos tdamy mr` fgmjjòliol tg`s`

@ojilgtòhòt mssuhptidos moa mr` s``niol td fgmrt m o`w

pmtg. O`v`rtg`j`ss, tgis o`w pmtg is ms hufg m cy-prdauft db

hda`ro fujturmj tròas tgmo moy dtg`r. Bdr `xmhpj , w` jiv`

tdamy io m gilgjy tg`rmpùtif sdfi`ty. @vò ib w` mr` uomwmr` db

tg` aisfipjio` db psyfgdjdly, w` mr` stijj cìol sgmpà cy tg`

vmju`s it gms crdulgt td dur fujtur` dv`r tg` jmst guoarà y`mrs.

Bmitg tdamy gms mo `hdtidomj, b``jiol-fòt`rà cmsis. \drsgipis h`msurà cy tg` `hdtiv` r`spdos`s moa tg` g`mrt. ‚B`jt

o`às‘ db m fdolr`lmtido sgmp` hmoy s`rhdos.

Qg`r`bdr`, a`bioiol Fgristimo bmitg ms m p`rsdomj fgdif`

cmsà do w`jj-iobdrhà fdoviftidos moa iospirà cy `hdtido-

mjjy òlmliol wdrsgip is m bdrhujm bdr spiritumj bdrhmtido tgmt

hmy c` omturmj td us ‑ cut it hmy gmv` `j`hòts tgmt mr` bdrìlotd tg` `xp`riòf` db dtg`r Fgristimos io dtg`r fujtur`s dr dtg`r

fòturi`s. I ihmlio` tgmt bibtg-fòtury Fgristimos wduja b``j

utt`rjy jdst io m hda`ro fgurfg witg its wdrsgip cmoa moa tg`-

mt`r s`mtiol wg`r` jilgtiol, sduoa, r`br`sghòts, moa visumj

hàim mr` fjds`jy hdoitdrà. Qg`y hilgt wdoa`r ib tgis hda`ro

fgurfg wms fgi`bjy ioa`ctà td òt`rtmiohòt, jin` m tmhà,

cmptizà v`rsido db Sdh`’s pucjif mròms. Qg`y hilgt mjsd

wdoa`r gdw =;,;;; p`dpj` fmo lmio moy sòs` db sgmrà jib`

dr fdhhuoity wgò `mfg bmhijy fdh`s moa ld`s cy fmr, jiv`s

m jdol aistmof` mwmy, moa cmr`jy r`fdloiz`s tg` p`rsdo sittiol

o`xt td tg`h.

QG @ M O F I @ O Q J M O A V FM [@

Ib it is tru` tgmt `v`ry fujtur` prdvia`s m brmh`wdrn io wgifg

tg` spiritumj jib` is uoa`rstdda, tg` smh` hust c` smia mcdut

tg` mofiòt wdrja. Qg` s`ttiol db E`sus moa [muj io tg` Sdhmo

@hpir` wms jin`wis` sgmpà cy fujturmj bdrf`s quit` aibb`ròt

brdh dur dwo. Ib w` bmij td uoa`rstmoa tg`s` fujturmj bdrf`s,

w` wijj bmij td uoa`rstmoa hmoy db tg` tgiols E`sus moa [mujtmulgt.

Qgis ad`s odt h`mo tgmt tg` fujtur` db tg` cicjifmj wdrja

òedys sdh` sdrt db aivio` mpprdvmj dr òadrs`hòt. \` ad





































































== M O F I @O Q FD O Q @ W Q, M O F I @O Q B M I Q G

odt o`à td ihitmt` tg` cicjifmj wdrja io dra`r td jiv` m hdr`

cicjifmj jib`. Qgis wms m fujtur` tgmt gma its dwo pr`b`ròf`s

bdr ar`ss, sp``fg, ai`t, husif, iot`jj`ftumj tgdulgt, r`jilidus

`xpr`ssido, moa p`rsdomj iaòtity. Moa its fujturmj vmju`s w`r`

od hdr` siloibifmot tgmo mr` dur dwo. Hda`sty io motiquity

wms `xpr`ssà io m wmy w` hmy odt uoa`rstmoa. Qg` mrrmol`-

hòt db hmrriml` pmrto`rs is bdrìlo td dur wdrja db p`rsdomj

amtiol. @vò gdw do` prmys (s`mtà dr stmoaiol, mrhs uprmisà

dr bdjaà, mjdua dr sijòt) gms odrhs aiftmtà cy fujtur`.

Cut ib tgis is tru` ‑ ib fujturmj vmju`s mr` pr`suppdsà

witgio `v`ry bmitgbuj fdhhuoity, cdtg odw moa twd tgdusmoa y`mrs mld ‑ tgò tg` stdri`s w` r`ma io tg` Cicj` hmy pr`sup-

pds` tg`h`s tgmt mr` fdhpj`t`jy dcsfur` td us. Hdr`dv`r, wgò

w` r`ma tg` Cicj`, w` hmy hisr`pr`sòt its h`ssml` c`fmus`

w` sihpjy ad odt uoa`rstmoa tg` fujturmj iostiofts db tg` birst

fòtury. \` jiv` twd tgdusmoa y`mrs aistmot> w` jiv` io tg` \`st

moa tg` mofiòt Hiaaj` @mst is odt omtiv` t`rritdry bdr us.

IO Q @ S [S @ Q I O L B S DH M BM S

Qgis h`mos w` hust c` fmutidus iot`rpr`t`rs db tg` Cicj`. \`

hust c` fmr`buj j`st w` pr`suppds` tgmt dur fujturmj iostiofts mr`

tg` smh` ms tgds` r`pr`sòtà io tg` Cicj`. \` hust c` fujtur-

mjjy mwmr` db dur dwo pjmf` io tih` ‑ moa w` hust wdrn td fdh-

pr`gòa tg` fujturmj fdot`xt db tg` Vfriptur`s tgmt w` wisg td

uoa`rstmoa. Qdd dbtò iot`rpr`t`rs gmv` jmfnà fujturmj mwmr`-

o`ss wgò r`maiol tg` Vfriptur`s. \` gmv` bmijà td r`fdloiz`

tg` lujb tgmt `xists c`tw`ò wgd w` mr` tdamy moa tg` fdot`xt db

tg` Cicj`. \` gmv` bdrldttò tgmt w` r`ma tg` Cicj` ms bdrìlo-

`rs, ms visitdrs wgd gmv` trmv`jà odt dojy td m o`w l`dlrmpgy

cut m o`w fòtury. \` mr` jit`rmry tdurists wgd mr` a``pjy ioo`à db m luia`.

Qg` ldmj db tgis s`ri`s is td c` sufg m luia` ‑ td `xpjdr`

tg`h`s brdh tg` cicjifmj wdrja tgmt mr` dbtò hisuoa`rstdda.

Io wgmt sòs`, bdr iostmof`, aia tg` pgysifmj l`dlrmpgy db Isrm`j

sgmp` its p`dpj`’s sòs` db spiritumjity4 Gdw aia tg` stdry-

t`jjiol db E`sus pr`suppds` fujturmj tg`h`s odw jdst td us4 \gmt f`j`crmtidos aia E`sus nodw iotihmt`jy (sufg ms m fgija’s

cirtg, m wàaiol, dr m curimj)4 \gmt mlrifujturmj dr r`jilidus

b`stivmjs aia g` mttòa4 Gdw aia g` us` fdhhdo ihml`s db




























































=3 E@VPV , Q G @ H I AAJ @ @ MV Q@S O VQD S Y Q@J J @S

jmcdr dr vijjml` jib` dr sdfimj gi`rmrfgy wgò g` tmulgt4 Aia g`

us` guhdr dr mjjua` td pdjitifs4 Io hmoy fms`s ‑ eust ms io dur

wdrja ‑ tg` hdr` a`jifmt` hmtt`rs mr` gmoajà ioair`ftjy, moa it

tmn`s `xp`rt luiamof` td r`visit tgìr fdrr`ft h`moiol.

Io m wdra, tgis s`ri`s `hpjdys fujturmj motgrdpdjdly, mrfgm`-

djdly, moa fdot`xtumj cmfnlrduoas td dpò up o`w vistms bdr tg`

Fgristimo r`ma`r. Ib tg` mv`rml` r`ma`r suaaòjy s``s m stdry dr

mo ia`m io m o`w wmy, ib m bmhijimr pmssml` is suaaòjy dpòà

bdr o`w h`moiol moa mppjifmtido, tgis `bbdrt gms suff`àà.

I mh ioa`ctà td hmoy `xp`riòf`s moa p`dpj` wgd mwmn-

òà hy sòs` db urlòfy mcdut tgis iot`rpr`tiv` h`tgda. Hybirst òfduot`r fmh` ms m stuaòt mt Cìrut’s O`mr @mst Vfgddj

db Qg`djdly io tg` =9<;s. Viof` tgò, sfgdjmrs sufg ms Amvia

Amuc`, E. A. H. A`rr`tt, V. Vmbrmi, H. Vt`ro, @. [. Vmoa`rs,

Fgmrj`s Nrmbt, Emh`s Vtrmol`, Nòo`tg Cmij`y, Cruf` Hmjiom, I.

Gdwmra Hmrsgmjj, moa m gdst db dtg`rs gmv` fdotricutà td gdw

I r`ma tg` O`w Q`stmhòt. Cmij`y’s hmoy cddns io pmrtifujmr ms w`jj ms gis jdol briòasgip gmv` c`ò prdhioòt io iospiriol

hy `bbdrts iotd tg` fujturmj motgrdpdjdly db tg` mofiòt wdrja.

Io maaitido, I gmv` c`ò w`jfdhà hmoy tih`s cy tg` Mrmcif-

sp`mniol fgurfg io J`cmodo, Vyrim, Irmq, Edramo, [mj`stio`,

moa @lypt moa tg`r` c`fmh` mttuoà td tg` wmy tgmt fujturmj

s`ttiol iobjuòf`s gdw w` r`ma t`xts. Qd tg`h moa tgìr lr`mt

moa gistdrif bmitg, I dw` m fdosia`rmcj` a`ct.

Biomjjy, sp`fimj tgmons mr` au` td Nmtym Fdvr`tt moa R`rjyo

R`rcrull` mt Udoa`rvmo [ucjisgiol. R`rjyo’s `xp`rt àitiol

moa Nmtym’s fr`mtivity ihprdvà tg` cddn òdrhdusjy. @jizm-

c`tg Aims, hy r`s`mrfg mssistmot, mjsd àità tg` hmousfript

moa bduoa w`mno`ss`s `vò R`rjyo hissà. Moa jmst (moa hdst

ihpdrtmot), hy wib`, Fmrdj, r`ma moa fritiquà tg` hmousfriptauriol dur jmst smccmtifmj io Fmhcrial`, @oljmoa. G`r iosilgt

moa wisadh mpp`mr io `v`ry fgmpt`r.

Vdji A`d Ljdrim.

Lmry H. Curl`

\g`mtdo, Ijjiodis
























































=0

F g m p t ` r =

E`sus’Vtdryt`jjiol

\drjai

E@VPV JIR@A io m stdryt`jjiol wdrja, moa g` wms w`jj nodwo

bdr gis mcijity ms m stdryt`jj`r. Qgrdulgdut tg` Ldsp`js E`sus is

mjsd r`fdloizà ms m lr`mt t`mfg`r. Qg` Lr``n t`rh bdr t`mfg`r

(aiamsnmjds) trmosjmt`s tg` G`cr`w wdra rmcci (wgifg h`mos

‚hy lr`mt do`,‘ Hmtt. 3657> Edgo =567) moa wms usà ms mo`xmjtà titj` bdr t`mfg`rs db tg` E`wisg jmw io tg` birst fòtury.

Q`mfg`rs g`ja m jdol moa gdodrmcj` gistdry io mofiòt Euamish,

moa wgò E`sus c`lmo td hdv` brdh vijjml` td vijjml`, pmrtifu-

jmrjy io Lmjij``, tg` frdwas ihhàimt`jy r`fdloizà m snijj moa

mo mutgdrity tgmt surpmssà wgmt tg`y h`t io tgìr syomldlu`s.

Cut it wms gis stdri`s tgmt `v`rydo` r`h`hc`rà hdst fj`mrjy.

E@ V P V M V M H I A A J @ @ M V Q @ S O Q@MFG@S

\gò w` ihmlio` E sus’ t`mfgiol io gis dwo tih` moa pjmf`, w`

fmoodt us` prdbij`s db t`mfg`rs brdh dur dwo wdrja td uoa`r-

stmoa tg` omtur` db gis wdrn. Dur fujtur` is gìr td tg` Lr``n

trmaitido, wg`r` mcstrmft r`msdoiol moa v`rcmj prds` mr` tg`

h`msur` db tg` t`mfg`r. Io E`sus’ wdrja, fdhhuoifmtido iovdjvà

Hduot db C`mtitua`sU. Smadvmo/www.Cicj`Jmoa[iftur`s.fdh













































tg` us` db wdra piftur`s, armhmtif mftidos, h`tmpgdrs, moa std-

ri`s. Smtg`r tgmo j`ftur` mcdut r`jilidus fdrruptido, E`sus r`b`rs

td tg` [gmris``s ms ‚wgit`wmsgà tdhcs.‘ Smtg`r tgmo dutjio`

tg` bmijiols db tg` t`hpj` syst`h, g` furs`s m bil tr``.

E`sus fduja òt`r

m Lmjij`mo vijjml` moa

witgio amys bioa gih-

s`jb òfirfjà cy jmrl`

muaiòf`s gmoliol do

`v`ry wdra. It wmso’t

sihpjy tgmt g` wmsr`jilidus dr iospir-

iol> rmtg`r, tg` frdwas

sòsà tgmt g`r` wms

m snijjà sp`mn`r wgd

no`w gdw td sduoa

tg`h`s tgmt w`rìhpdrtmot td tg`h. G` wms m hmo wgd spdn` tgìr jmoluml`,

wgd uoa`rstdda jmcdr moa tmx`s moa pdjitifmj fdrruptido. G`r`

wms m hmo wgd pifnà up tg` ihml`s tgmt surrduoaà tg`h

`v`ry amy moa spuo tg`h iotd `xmhpj`s db tih`j`ss trutg. E`sus

gma mo `jdquòf` hmtfgà td surprisiol wit.

Hmttg`w odt`s tgmt wgò E sus gma bioisgà gis iomulurmj

s`rhdo io Lmjij`` (Hmtt. 0 ‖ <) tg` muaiòf` wms utt`rjy

Q d a a C d j ` o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` [ j m f ` s . f d h

.

.

M bil tr`` o`mr E`rusmj`h

Q d a a C d j ` o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` [ j m f ` s

. f d h

M birst fòtury syomldlu`, Lmhjm, Lmjij``






































































































=<FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

mstduoaà, ‚\gò E`sus gma bioisgà tg`s` smyiols, tg` frdwas

w`r` mhmzà mt gis t mfgiol‘ (<537). Jun` writ`s tgmt wgò E sus

fdhpj`tà gis birst pr`sòtmtido io gis gdh` syomldlu` io Omzm-

r`tg, tg` muaiòf` wms tgrijjà, tgò stuooà, tgò ormlà>

biomjjy, tg`y o`mrjy nijjà gih. Vp`mn`rs nodw wgò tg`y gmv`

suff`ssbujjy ‚jmoaà‘ tgìr h`ssml`5 ìtg`r tg` muaiòf` fmrri`s

ydu dut do its sgduja`rs witg fg``rs moa mffjmih dr tg`y pjdt gdw

tg`y hilgt tdss ydu dbb m fjibb (Jun` 1539).

Vnijjà t`mfg`rs io E`sus’ amy fduja spio m ldda tmj`. Qg`y usà

lrdss `xmll`rmtido moa riaifujdus fdhpmrisdos sihpjy td n``p

tgìr jistò`rs witg tg`h. Qg`y usà guhdr moa puos, armhm moagmrsg fdhpmrisdo io dra`r td hmn` tgìr pdiot. Do do` dffmsido

E`sus fritifizà gis dppdoòts cy t`jjiol tg`h tgmt tgìr r`jilidus

pursuits w`r` mcsura. Qg`y dv`rjddnà wìlgty spiritumj hmt-

t`rs cut a`cmtà tg` hioutim db r`jilido ms ib tg` òtir` wdrja

a`pòaà do it.

G` tdja tg`h,‚Ydu strmio dut

m lomt cut swmj-

jdw m fmh`j‘

(Hmtt. 36531).

Od aduct wgò

tg` frdwa g`mra

sufg stmt`hòts,

tg`y fdujao’t g`jp

cut jmulg mt tg`

ihml` db [gmris``s

pifniol lomts dut

db tgìr t``tg cut

swmjjdwiol òtir`fmh`js. Qg` lrdss

fdhpmrisdo is

cdtg dbbòsiv` moa

guhdrdus ‑ moa it

is fj`v`r. Io E`sus’

omtiv` sp``fg(Mrmhmif), tg`

wdra bdr lomt is

lmjhm wgij` tg`

L m r y H .

C u r l `

Fmh`js brdh tg` sdutg`ro

Edramoimo a`s`rt

y . .

r










































































wdra bdr fmh`j is lmhjm. E`sus gma mftumjjy smia, ‚Ydu strmio dut m

lmjhm cut mjj mjdol ydu swmjjdw lmhjm.‘ S`v`rsiol twd sihpj` j`t-

t`rs lmv` tg` smyiol m sgmrp-àlà moa h`hdrmcj` pdilomofy.

Bdr sdh` tih`, sfgdjmrs gmv` sull`stà tgmt E`sus’ stdry-

t`jjiol mcijity wms uoiqu` io gis amy. Cut tgis is odt tru`. Qdamy

w` gmv` m c`tt`r uoa`rstmoaiol db mofiòt Euamish, moa it is

fj`mr tgmt E`wisg rmccis usà tg` ijjustrmtiv` stdry witg sdh`

br`quòfy. (Io tg` p`rida bdjjdwiol E`sus, w` gmv` mffduots db

dv`r twd tgdusmoa rmccioif stdri`s.) E`sus ‑ witgdut bdrhmj

trmioiol ‑ wms mcj` td hmtfg tg` c`st db tg`h.

E`sus jivà io m wdrja wg`r` jit`rmfy wms rmr` moa cddns (drsfrdjjs) w`r` rmr`r stijj. Vfgdjmrjy crijjimof` wms h`msurà cy

tg` t`mfgiol snijj db tg` rmcci, moa it wms dbtò j`bt td gis stu-

aòts td fdpy adwo moytgiol tgmt hilgt c` jmt`r pucjisgà. Qg`

Ldsp`js w`r` pòoà cy E`sus’ bdjjdw`rs, cut w` gmv` od `vi-

aòf` tgmt g` wrdt` adwo moy db gis dwo smyiols ‑ hufg j`ss

tgmt g` wrdt` m cddn. Qg` lr`mt sfgdjmrs db E`sus’ amy w`r` r`f-dloizà cy tg` ouhc`r db stuaòts (tmjhia) tg`y fduja mttrmft,

odt cy tg` cddns tg`y wrdt`. Fdhhuoifmtido wms v`rcmj moa

h`hdrizmtido fdhhdopjmf`. Qgus tg` rmcci-sfgdjmrs Edgmomo

cò Umnnmi, Lmhmji`j, Gijj`j, moa Vgmhhmi aia odt j`mv` tgìr

dwo writiols c`gioa, cut rmtg`r tgìr t`mfgiols w`r` fdjj`ftà

moa jmt`r pr`s`rvà cy tgìr bdjjdw`rs (`xmftjy jin` E`sus).

\gò tg` Ldsp`js t`jj us tgmt mt do` pdiot E`sus gma biv`

tgdusmoa p`dpj` sittiol mt gis b``t (Hmrn 2511), it is odt eust

td r`fdra m ouhc`r> rmtg`r, it ioaifmt`s tg` pucjif mffjmih g`

òedyà. G` c`lmo witg tw`jv` tmjhia (dr aisfipj`s) ‑ jmt`r w`

j`mro mcdut s`vòty ‑ moa mt do` pdiot biv` tgdusmoa moa bdur

tgdusmoa bjdfn mrduoa gih. Cy `v`ry birst-fòtury h`msur`,

E`sus wms m r`sp`ftà pucjif sp`mn`r io gis amy. It is od wdoa`rtgmt tg` rmccioif sfgddjs sòt `hissmri`s dut td gih td iov`sti-

lmt` wgmt wms ldiol do.

Qg` mih db tg` lr`mt E`wisg sfgdjmr wms td t`mfg witg `bb`ft. Qd

wio m frdwa. Qd dbb`r t`mfgiols tgmt trmosbdrhà tgioniol moa

jiviol. Do` Hiaaj` @mst`ro prdv`rcimj smyiol `xpr`ssà it oif`jy,

‚Qg` lr`mt t`mfg`r o`v`r dbb`rs gis stuaòts m cmsn`t db fufuh-c`rs> iost`ma g` pjmf`s m p`pp`rfdro uoa`r tg` tdolu`.‘ Vd hmoy

db E`sus’ stdri`s gmv` survivà io dur Ldsp`js c`fmus` tg`y mr`

‚p`pp`rfdros‘ tgmt r`hmioà witg gis bdjjdw`rs bdr y`mrs.































































=9FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

QG @ VQ DS I @ V DB

E@ V P V

Qg` Ldsp`js r`b`r td

tg` stdri`s db E`susms pmrmcj`s. [mrmcj`

fdh`s brdh m Lr``n

t`rh ( pmrmcdj ) usà td

a`sfric` mo ijjustrm-

tiv` stdry tgmt fr`mt`s

m vicrmot fdotrmst dr

ihml` bdr tg` jistò`r.Io sdh` fms`s, it fr`-

mt`s odtgiol hdr` tgmo

m wdra piftur`5 ‚Odo` db

ydu jilgts m jmhp moa

puts it io m pjmf` wg`r` it

wijj c` giaaò, dr uoa`rm cdwj. Iost`ma ydu put it

do its stmoa, sd tgmt tgds` wgd fdh` io hmy s`` tg` jilgt‘ (Jun`

==566). Io dtg`r fms`s it hmy c` m omrrmtiv` dr stdry tgmt j`mas tg`

jistò`r td m fritifmj puofg jio`5 ‚Qg` nioladh db g`mvò is jin`

m h`rfgmot jddniol bdr bio` p`mrjs . . .‘ (Hmtt. =6510).

Mjhdst do`-tgira db E sus’ t`mfgiols mr` io tg` bdrh dbpmrmcj`s. G` tdja pmrmcj`s mcdut omtur` (w`às io m bi`ja, Hmtt.

=6531 ‖ 6;), wdrn moa wml`s (tg` hmst`r moa s`rvmot, Jun`

=<5< ‖ =;), `vò wàaiols moa b`msts (tg` cria`shmias, Hmtt.

305= ‖ =6). Qgis wms E`sus’ bmvdrit` h`mos db t`mfgiol. G` rmr`jy

spdn` io lò-

`rmj mcdut Lda’s

qu`st bdr tg`jdst cut pr`-

b`rrà td t`jj m

stdry mcdut m

wdhmo wgd gma

jdst do` db g`r

tò sijv`r fdiosmoa fdujao’t

r`st uotij sg`

U .

S m a d v m o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` J m o a [ i f t

u r ` s

. f d h

Mo dij jmhp brdh

tg` birst fòtury

U .

S m

d v m o w w w

. C i j ` J m o

[ i f t

u r ` s

. f d h

M jih`stdo` curimj cdx dr

smrfdpgmlus brdh tg` Sdhmo `rm

\ i j j i m h

A .

H d u o f

`
























































































































































3; E@VPV , Q G @ H I AAJ @ @ MV Q@S O VQD S Y Q@J J @S

gma bduoa it (Jun` =057 ‖ =;). G` rmr`jy fdobrdotà tg` [gmris``s

io tg` mcstrmft cut pr`b`rrà td tgion db tg`h ms ‚wgit`wmsgà

tdhcs‘ (Hmtt. 3653<). Ihmlio` tg` armhmtif `bb`ft db tgis. Q`mfg-

`rs wgds` dut`r r`jilidus jib` wms pristio` moa y`t wgds` ioo`r

spiritumj hdtivmtidos w`r` ar`mabuj r`hioaà E`sus db Lr``n

f`h`t`ri`s wg`r` jih`stdo` tdhcs (fmjjà smrfdpgmli) do tg`

dutsia` w`r` c`mutibuj cut iosia` w`r` bijjà witg ary cdo`s.

QG @ VN I J J DB E@ V P V

Cut wms E`sus m sdpgistifmtà t`mfg`r4 Vdh` sfgdjmrs gmv` m

rdhmotif vi`w db gih ms m rurmj vijjml` fmrpòt`r wgd dbb`ràpitgy moa sihpj` iosilgts mcdut Lda. E`sus `mroà mo iofdh`

ms m frmbtshmo (witg wdda dr stdo`), moa tgis wms fdhhdo

siof` rmccis usumjjy g`ja sufg prmftifmj edcs. [muj, bdr `xmh-

pj , wms m tòthmn`r moa tg` bmhdus rmcci Vg`hhmi wms m

stdo`hmsdo. Qgis is c`fmus` E`wisg jmw bdrcma m sfgdjmr brdh

hmniol hdo`y brdh gis r`jilidus t`mfgiol. Qg` drmj jmws dbEuamish (tg` Hisgomg) a`sfricà tg` jmw ms m ‚frdwo‘ wdro

cy tg` t`mfg`r, cut it fduja odt c` usà td ljdriby do`s`jb dr td

lmio prdbit. Qgis wms m ‚wdrjajy us` db tg` frdwo‘ dr turoiol tg`

frdwo iotd m ‚sgdv`j td ail witg.‘ Iost`ma, tg` rmcci wms td gmv`

mo dffupmtido tgrdulg wgifg Lda lrmotà tg` h`mos td t`mfg

Q d a a C d j ` o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` [ j m f ` s

. f d h

Q d a a C d j ` o

/

w w

. C i c j

f

. .

`

h

Mo Mrmc stdo` hmsdo usiol tg` snijjs db tg` mofiòt wdrja































































































3=FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

(Hisgomg, Mcdt 150). Qg`r`bdr` it wms odt dojy mff`ptà, cut it

wms `xp`ftà tgmt E`sus wduja gmv` m fdhhdo edc.

E`sus c`lmo gis pucjif t`mfgiol hioistry wgò g` wms mcdut

tgirty y`mrs dja (Jun` 6536) moa wms tg`r`bdr` mo mffdhpjisgà

frmbtshmo io gis trma` bdr m ouhc`r db y`mrs. Bdjjdwiol gis `mrjy

àufmtido, g` prdcmcjy h`t r`lujmrjy witg hò wgd stuaià moa

a`cmtà tg` E`wisg jmw dv`r jmt`-oilgt fdhhuomj h`mjs. Vufg

hò fmjjà tg`hs`jv`s gmc`rih (G`c., ‚briòas, fdhpmoidos‘)

moa tddn tgìr hmoamt` brdh [smjh ==9526, ‚I mh m briòa gmc`r X

td mjj wgd b`mr ydu.‘ Qg` E`ws mt ]uhrmo o`mr tg` A`ma V`m, bdr

iostmof`, aia tgis r`lujmrjy `v`ry oilgt tgrdulgdut tg` y`mr( Amhmsfus Adfuhòt, Lòizm M, Fdj 253 ‖ =;). Qgis h`mos tgmt cy

tg` ml` db tgirty, E sus gma gdoà gis stuay moa a`cmtiol snijjs

bdr hmoy y`mrs moa wms ma`pt mt tg`djdlifmj aisfussidos.

Ib tg` pucjif mffjmih r`fdraà io tg` Ldsp`js is moy ioaifm-

tido, E`sus wms mo dutstmoaiol pucjif sp`mn`r. Frdwas w`r`

ihpr`ssà odt dojy cy gis mutgdrity cut mjsd cy gis t`mfgiolsnijj. Bdr iostmof`, sihpjifity wms do` db gis gmjjhmrns. G`

rmr`jy (ib `v`r) usà t`fgoifmj tg`djdlifmj sp``fg witg gis muai-

òf`s. Smtg`r, E`sus pr`b`rrà td t`jj stdri`s. Cut g`r` w` o`à

m wdra db fujturmj wmroiol5 Vihpjifity moa stdryt`jjiol ad odt

c`trmy m jmfn db prdbuoaity.

Qg` `bb`ftivò`ss db E`sus’ wdrn, tg`r`bdr`, st`hhà brdh

gdw g` smia tgiols. Moa ib w` r`fdloiz` tg`s` v`rcmj strmt`li`s,

w` wijj odt hisiot`rpr`t gis wdras. Bdr `xmhpj , E`sus (moa

gis fujtur`) òedyà dv`rstmt`hòt moa lrdss `xmll`rmtido, cut

tg`s` sgduja odt c` tmnò ‚jit`rmjjy.‘ Io Hmrn 9516 ‖ 1< E`sus

ad`s odt wmot gis aisfipj`s td pgysifmjjy hutijmt` tg`hs`jv`s

cut wmots td uoa`rsfdr` armhmtifmjjy tg` ihpdrtmof` db amol`r

db sio5 ‚Ib ydur gmoa fmus`s ydu td stuhcj`, fut it dbb.‘ Qg` tru-`st h`moiol db sufg v`rs`s wijj mjwmys c` bduoa io tgìr bilurm-

tiv` sòs`. G` a`sfric`s gdw w` s`` sp`fns io modtg`r’s `y`, cut

hiss tg` jdl io dur dwo. Qg`s` mr` m b`w `xmhpj`s db guhdrdus

moa armhmtif `xmll`rmtidos h`mot td riv`t muaiòf`s.Qgis is p`rgmps wg`r` E`sus’ wdrja a`pmrts sd siloibifmotjy

brdh dur dwo. Dur fujtur` is m hmst`r db ardoiol prds`. Vtd-ryt`jjiol is bduoa io bijh moa jit`rmtur`, cut rmr`jy io pucjifsp``fg. \` c`ji`v` tgmt r`jilidus sp`mn`rs mr` `bb`ftiv` wgòtg`y fmo striol dut jdol mrluhòts td a`bòa tgìr pdiots,
































































33 E@VPV , Q G @ H I AAJ @ @ MV Q@S O VQD S Y Q@J J @S

wgò tg`y fmo p`rsuma` cy tg` bdrf` db mrluhòt ‑ tgis bdr us istg`djdlifmj sdpgistifmtido. Cut tgis vi`w c`trmys mo ihpdrtmot \`st`ro prèuaif`, tgmt stdryt`jjiol fujtur`s mr` j`ss sdpgistifmtà

tgmo prds` fujtur`s jin` dur dwo. Qg`y mr` odt!E`sus’ wdrja wms mjsd bijjà witg armhm moa òt`rtmiohòt

moa tg`mt`r. E`sus gihs`jb wms tg`mtrifmj, moa tgis wms m b`mtur`db gis t`mfgiol strmt`ly. Smtg`r tgmo liviol m sp``fg mcdut mfdrrupt t`hpj`, g` rmosmfnà it. \gò E`sus uoa`rsfdrà tg`fdst db aisfipj`sgip, g` tdja gis aisfipj`s tgmt tg`y sgduja pjmotd fmrry m frdss. Gis fujtur` vmjuà tg` fj`v`r ihml`, tg` frisp

stdry. E`sus gihs`jb wms fj`v`r moa io tgis crijjimof`, p`dpjìotuità gis sdpgistifmtido.

GD\ E@ V P V’ VQ DS I @ V \ DS N

E`sus’ c`st bilurmtiv` stdri`s fdotmio m surpris`. Qg`y mr` jin` mcdx tgmt fdotmios m spriol ‑ moa wgò it is dpòà, tg` uo`x-

p`ftà gmppòs. Qg`y mr` jin` m trmp tgmt jur`s ydu iotd its wdrja moa tgò fjds`s do ydu. M typifmj `xmhpj` fmo c` bduoa io Jun` =35=6 ‖ 3=. Smccis

w`r` dbtò fmjjà do td mrcitrmt` fivij aisput`s r`lmraiol prdp-`rty. Do do` dffmsido, m hmo’s crdtg`r wduja odt aivia` tgìog`ritmof`. It wms m squmccj` mcdut tg` aivisido db prdp`rty.

Moa Ê`susX tdja tg`h tgis pmrmcj`. ‚Qg` lrduoa db m f`rtmio rifghmo yi`jaà mo mcuoamot gmrv`st. G` tgdulgt td gihs`jb, ‗\gmt sgmjj Iad4 I gmv` od pjmf` td stdr` hy frdps.’

‚Qgò g` smia, ‗Qgis is wgmt I’jj ad. I wijj t`mr adwo hy cmros moacuija cill`r do`s, moa tg`r` I wijj stdr` hy surpjus lrmio. Moa I’jj smy tdhys`jb, ‚Ydu gmv` pjòty db lrmio jmia up bdr hmoy y`mrs. Qmn` jib` `msy>`mt, arion moa c` h`rry.‘ ’ ‘

Io tgis sgdrt stdry E`sus s`ts up mo mssuhptido tgmt wmsfdhhdopjmf` io birst-fòtury Euamish5 hmt`rimj prdsp`rity wms m silo db Lda’s cj`ssiol moa lr`mt`r mffuhujmtido wms tg`pr`rdlmtiv` db tgds` wgd òedyà Lda’s ldda bmvdr. Mt tgis pdiotio tg` stdry, E`sus’ muaiòf` wduja gmv` c`ò pj`msà, r`fdl-oiziol mt dof` tg` privij`l`s db tg` b`w. Qgò suaaòjy, E`susspriols tg` trmp5

Cut Lda smia td gih, ‚Ydu bddj! Qgis v`ry oilgt ydur jib` wijj cà`hmoaà brdh ydu. Qgò wgd wijj l`t wgmt ydu gmv` pr`pmrà bdr

ydurs`jb4‘
































































36FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

Mo uo`xp`ftà, gmrrdwiol qu`stido is rmisà io m hmtt`r db

s`fdoas. Qg` `xpmosido db `stmt`s, tg` mffuhujmtido db prdp-

`rty, tg` lmtg`riol db w`mjtg hilgt c` tg` qu`st db tg` bddj c`fmus`

mt moy hdhòt, w` hilgt ai`. Moa w` fmoodt tmn` dur `stmt`s

witg us. \itg fj`v`r stdryt`jjiol, E`sus adal`s tg` aisput` moa

strin`s mt tg` g`mrt db `mfg p`rsdo’s hdtivmtido.

Qg`r` is fdosia`rmcj` aisfussido mhdol sfgdjmrs wgd try td

liv` luia`jio`s do gdw w` sgduja iot`rpr`t tg` pmrmcj`s. Qg`

iostioft td mjj`ldriz` `mfg db tg`h adwo td tg` shmjj`st a`tmij

gms odw c`ò wia`jy rè`ftà. Cy hmniol `v`ry `j`hòt c`mr

sdh` h`moiol, w` wijj iotrdauf` ia`ms iotd tg` pmrmcj`s tgmt

mr` fdhpj`t`jy bdrìlo td tg`h. Io tg` jmst fòtury sfgdjmrs

`hpgmsizà tgmt mt tg` g`mrt db `mfg pmrmcj` ji`s m frisis ‑ mpdiot dr pdiots db stmrn fdotrmst tgmt sgdfn us, bdrfiol us td

hmn` m vmju` eualhòt do m tg`h` dr fgmrmft`r.

Bdr iostmof`, tg` rifg moa bddjisg cmro cuija`r s``hs

td c` jiviol witg Lda’s cj`ssiol `viaòfà cy gis hmt`rimj

w`mjtg ‑ uotij g` g`mrs Lda’s vdif , ‚Ydu bddj!‘ Vuaaòjy w`

mr` surprisà, bdrfà td r`mjilo dur tgioniol. Moa wgij` do` dbtg` pmrmcj`s ad`s gmv` mjj`ldrifmj `j`hòts (tg` pmrmcj` db tg`

sdw`r), stijj, tgis is s`fdoamry td tg` frisis db a`fisido tgmt tg`

g`mr`r `xp`riòf`s wgò tg` pmrmcj` is g`mra fdrr`ftjy.

Q d a a C d j ` o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` [ j m f ` s

. f d h

M lrmio bi`ja io hda`ro Isrm`j

Q d a a C d j ` o

/ w w w

. C i c j ` [ j m f ` s

. f d h



































































































Do` db tg` pmr-

mcj`s hdst fdh-

hdojy suce`ft td

mcus` is tg` pmrmcj`

db tg` ldda Vmhmr-

itmo. Fgristimos

gmv` r`lujmrjy

sdulgt h`moiol io

`mfg `j`hòt db tg`

stdry. Qg` wduoaà

hmo h`mos do`tgiol, tg` adon`y

db tg` Vmhmritmo

modtg`r, tg` ioo

tgmt liv`s gih

mia stijj modtg`r. I wms aisfussiol tgis prdcj`h witg m Hiaaj`

@mst`ro Fgristimo dof` moa g` tdja h` tgmt w` io tg` \`stgmv` utt`rjy jdst tg` h`moiol db tg` stdry. Vd, io E`rusmj`h do`

mbt`roddo g` tdja h` gis dwo v`rsido db it5

Odt jdol mld io E`rusmj`h’s bmhà Gmamssmg Gdspitmj, mo

Isrm`ji sdjai`r jmy ayiol. G` gma fdotrmftà MIAV ms m r`sujt db

gis lmy jib`styj` moa wms odw io tg` jmst stml`s db tg` ais`ms`’s

t`rricj` fdurs`. Gis bmtg`r wms m bmhdus E`rusmj`h rmcci, moa

cdtg g` moa tg` r`st db gis bmhijy gma aisdwoà gih. G` wms

fdoa`hoà td ai` io gis sgmh`. Qg` oursiol stmbb do gis bjddr

no`w gis stdry moa fmr`bujjy mvdiaà gis rddh. @v`rydo` wms

sihpjy wmitiol bdr gis jib` td `xpir`.

Qg` sdjai`r gmppòà td c` pmrt db m r`lihòt tgmt pmtrdjjà

tg` Dffupià \`st Cmon, moa gis uoit wms nodwo bdr its b`rdf-

ity moa wmr-bilgtiol snijjs. Qg` [mj`stioimos jiviol io dffu-pmtido gmtà tg`s` trddps. Qg`y w`r` h`rfij`ss moa fduja c`

fru`j. Qgìr lr`ò c`r`ts mjwmys lmv` tg`h mwmy.

Do` `vòiol tg` sdjai`r wòt iotd fmraimf mrr`st. Mjj tg`

usumj mjmrhs wòt dbb, cut tg` oursiol stmbb aia odt r`spdoa.

@vò tg` adftdrs jddnà tg` dtg`r wmy. Y`t do tg` bjddr modtg`r

hmo wms mt wdrn ‑ m [mj`stioimo Fgristimo emoitdr ‑ wgd no`wtgis stdry ms w`jj moa mjsd no`w tg` h`moiol db tg` `h`r-

lòfy. Iofràicjy, g` wms m hmo wgds` vijjml` gma c`ò mttmfnà

cy tgis sdjai`r’s uoit. \gò tg` [mj`stioimo g`mra tg` mjmrh moa

A m v i a C i v i o

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M squma db Isrm`ji sdjai`rs
































































































30FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

wito`ssà tg` o`lj`ft, gis g`mrt wms bijjà witg fdhpmssido. G`

ardppà gis crddh, òt`rà tg` sdjai`r’s rddh, moa mtt`hptà

td r`susfitmt` tg` hmo cy liviol gih fmraidpujhdomry r`sus-

fitmtido. Qg` sfò` wms r`hmrnmcj`5 m pddr [mj`stioimo hmo,

m viftih db tgis sdjai`r’s vidjòf`, odw trià td smv` gis ò`hy

wgij` tgds` wgd sgduja gmv` c`ò adiol tgis stdda do tg`

sia`jio`s.

Hy Mrmc Fgristimo briòa tdja h`5 wgò ydu uoa`rstmoa tgis

stdry , ydu wijj uoa`rstmoa tg` pmrmcj` db tg` ldda Vmhmritmo.

\gò ydu uoa`rstmoa wgmt it h`mos bdr mo ò`hy td jdv` mo

ò`hy ‑ moa bdr tg` rilgt`dus td sgdw o`lj`ft ‑ tgò ydu wijjgmv` m piftur` db tg` pdw`r db Lda’s lrmf` mt wdrn io m p`rsdo’s

g`mrt.

[P S V P I O L Q G @ FPJQPSMJ N@ YV

[`rgmps tg` hdst ihpdrtmot issu` is bdr us td uoa`rstmoa tg`

fujturmj `j`hòts mt wdrn io `mfg pmrmcj`. Qg`s` mr` stdri`s tdjabrdh modtg`r fujtur` moa tih`, moa w` r`ma tg`h ms bdrìlo`rs.

\gmt ad`s it h`mo wgò m yduol sdo msns bdr gis iog`ritmof`4

Dr wgò m fdio is jdst4 Qg` pmrmcj`s mr` jin` husif cìol pjmyà

dut witg rgytghs brdh modtg`r wdrja. Moa ib w` fmoodt r`fdl-

oiz` tgis husif ‑ dr wdrs` y`t, ib w` bmij `vò td mahit dur dwo

E M

F N

L P @ U

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b b / L ` t t y I h m l ` s

Gmamssmg Gdspitmj, E`rusmj`h













































































bdrìloo`ss td its sduoas ‑ w` wijj hiss tgìr a``p`r h`moiols

moa hisr`pr`sòt wgmt E`sus iotòaà td t`mfg.

M pmrmcj` is jin` m pdjitifmj fmrtddo io hda`ro fujtur`. Its

ihml`s hmy c` `xmll`rmtà (`.l., Cijj Fjiotdo’s ods`, L`drl`

Cusg’s `mrs), its `j`hòts aistdrtà, moa its puofg jio` uohis-

tmnmcj` td tgds` wgd uoa`rstmoa its fdot`xt. Io `v`ry sdfi`ty

`bb`ftiv` fdhhuoifmtido `xpjdits pràiftmcj` mttitua`s moa

r`spdos`s. Irdoy, guhdr, moa pmio mr` fdov`yà wgò tg`s`

vmju`s mr` crdnò. Cut ib ydu fmoodt r`ma tg` vmju`s, ydu fmoodt

s`` tg` puofg jio`.

Io m E`wisg cddn fmjjà Cò Virmfg w` mr` tdja tgmt m odcj`-hmo is nodwo cy ‚tg` wmy g` wmjns‘ (Vir. =956;). Virmfg

mssuh`s tgmt w` uoa`rstmoa wgmt sufg ‚odcj` wmjniol‘ jddns

jin` moa bmijs td t`jj us. It is j`bt td us td uojdfn tg` fujturmj

mssuhptidos c`gioa tg` stmt`hòt, moa tgò w` j`mro tgmt io

tgis sdfi`ty aistioluisgà hò ad odt ruo cut wmjn moa tgmt tg`

sjdw`r tg`y wmjn, tg` hdr` gdodrmcj` tg`y mr`. (Mrfgit`fturmjjytg` E`rusmj`h t`hpj vò rìobdrfà tgis witg irr`lujmr st`ps

cuijt iotd its sdutg`ro pdrfg`s, st`ps tgmt bdrf` m wdrsgip`r td

sjdw adwo.) Ms w` wijj s``, io tg` pmrmcj` db tg` prdailmj sdo,

tgis do` iosilgt wijj h`mo `v`rytgiol.

Io Jun` 9509 ‖ 23 E`sus r`spdoas td m wduja-c` aisfipj` cy

t`jjiol tg` hmo td fdh` moa bdjjdw gih.

Cut tg` hmoX r`pjià, ‚Jdra, birst j`t h` ld moa cury hy bmtg`r.‘ E`sus smia td gih, ‚J`t tg` a`ma cury tgìr dwo a`ma, cut ydu ld moa

prdfjmih tg` nioladh db Lda.‘ Vtijj modtg`r smia, ‚I wijj bdjjdw ydu, Jdra> cut birst j`t h` ld cmfn

moa smy ldda-cy td hy bmhijy.‘ E`sus r`pjià, ‚Od do` wgd puts m gmoa td tg` pjdw moa jddns cmfn is

bit bdr s`rvif` io tg` nioladh db Lda.‘Qg`s` mr` daa r`spdos`s cy moy h`msur`. M jit`rmj r`maiol

ihpji`s tgmt E`sus wduja odt `vò p`rhit tg`s` hò td cia bmr`-

w`jj td tgìr bmhiji`s dr td tmn` up tg` r`spdosicijity db curyiol

m pmròt. Qgò w` j`mro tgmt tg` jit`rmj r`maiol gms c`trmyà us,

bdr io E`sus’ fujtur` do` mvdias sduoaiol dbbòsiv` cy mvdiaiol

air`ft aòimjs. (\` hilgt ad tgis ms w`jj. ‚Fdh` td dur gdh`bdr aioo`r Briamy.‘ ‚Qgmon ydu bdr msniol, cut j`t h` fg`fn

witg hy wib`.‘ Fda`5 I r`mjjy ado’t wisg td fdh`, cut I fmoodt

t`jj ydu air`ftjy.)




























































3<FG M [ Q@S DO @ , E@VPV ’ VQD S Y Q@J J I O L \D S J A

Cdtg db tg`s` hò mr dbb`riol hmoubmfturà `xfus`s tgmt pr -

s`rv` tgìr gdodr wgij` mjj mjdol aòyiol E`sus. Qd ‚smy bmr`w`jj‘ is

mo mtt`hpt td mpp`mj td bmhijy auty moa sd sgirn E`sus’ fmjj. Qd

‚cury do ’s bmtg`r‘ mftumjjy h`mos tgmt tg` hmo is mpp`mjiol

td gis auty td r`hmio mt gdh` uotij gis bmtg`r ai`s (is curià)

sd tgmt g` fmo tgò hmn` a`fisidos bdr gihs`jb. Qg` Hiaaj`

@mst bdr fòturi`s gms c`ò m wdrja tgmt sg`jt`rs gdodr cy p`rhittiol

tg` hmoubmftur` db `xfus`s. E`sus nodws it ‑ moa `v`ry mofiòt

r`ma`r db tg` ldsp`j no`w it. Moa io tgis fms` E`sus is aòyiol

its us`.

QG S @ @ IOQ@S[S@QMQ IR@ VQ @ [V

Ms w` jistò td hdst db E`sus’ stdri`s, w` odtif` tgr`` st`pstgmt wijj luia` dur stuay. Birst, ms jistò`rs w` mr` armwo iotd

tg` bmhijimr moa sdh`tih`s mrr`stiol ihml`s io tg` stdry.

Qg`y mr` m pmrt db tg` mofiòt wdrja, moa m jistò`r wgd jivà

io tgmt wdrja wduja òedy tg`h ihhòs`jy. Cut it is tgìr

bmhijimrity tgmt pujjs us iotd tg` stdry. Dof` E`sus c`lmo witg

tgis dpòiol jio`5 ‚Io m f`rtmio tdwo tg`r` wms m eual` wgdoìtg`r b`mrà Lda odr fmrà wgmt p`dpj` tgdulgt. Moa tg`r`

wms m wiadw io tgmt tdwo wgd n`pt fdhiol td gih witg tg`

pj`m, ‗Lrmot h` eustif` mlmiost hy mav`rsmry’ ‘ (Jun` =753 ‖ 6).

Q d a a C d j ` o

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Qg` sdutg òtry st`ps td tg` mofiòt E`rusmj`h Q`hpj`











































































Qg` armhm gms c`ò s`t, tg` fgmrmft`rs gmv` c`ò iotrdaufà,

moa tg` mofiòt fdurtrddh witg its cric`s moa odis` mr`

c`bdr` us. Qd tgion db m hda`ro fdurt is td utt`rjy hisuoa`rstmoa

tg` stdry .

V`fdoa, tg` armhm db tg` stdry c`lios td pr`ss us, moa w`

iotuit tgmt w` wijj c` bdrfà td hmn` m a`fisido, td `xp`riòf` m

frisis, td fdobrdot m prdcj`h. Io modtg`r stdry, E`sus tdja mcdut

m pddr hmo wgd wms m tòmot bmrh`r pjdwiol modtg`r p`rsdo’s

bi`ja. Cut do` amy wgij` gis pjdw wms futtiol m burrdw, gis cjma`

strufn m curià cdx db tr`msur`. Odw wgmt sgduja g` ad4 G` fmo-

odt st`mj it cy fmrryiol it mwmy, odr fduja g` ihmlio` gmoaiol itdv`r td tg` bi`ja’s dwo`r.

Io tg` mofiòt wdrja tr`msur` wms giaaò io tih` db fdo-

qu`st dr tgr`mt db rdcc`ry ‑ moa mofiòt tr`msur`s c`jdolà td

od do`. (Io =997 mt tg` `xfmvmtido db Adr, Isrm`j, twd guoarà

pduoas db sijv`r w`r` bduoa io m pdt io tg` bjddr db m gdh`!) Vd

td t`st tg` tr`msur`’s dwo`rsgip, tg` hmo hmn`s m a`fisido5g` wijj r`cury tg` tr`msur`, s`jj mjj g` gms, moa dbb`r td cuy

tg` bi`ja. Ib tg` bi`ja’s dwo`r no`w tg` tr`msur` wms tg`r` moa

dwoà it g` wduja o`v`r s`jj ‑ cut g` s`jjs c`fmus` it iso’t gis

hdo`y (Hmtt. =6511).

Qgira, tg` stdry bdrf`s us td r`bj`ft do tg` frisis w` gmv` eust

U .

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Vijv`r fdios brdh tg` Adr `xfmvmtido, Isrm`j















































































wito`ssà. \` ad odt a`fda` tg` `j`hòts db tg` stdry jddniol

bdr h`moiol> w` iost`ma fdofòtrmt` do tg` frisis moa r`bj`ft

do its hmoy h`moiols. \gò m sg`pg`ra jddns aijilòtjy bdr

do` jdst sg``p moa bioas it dojy td r`turo gdh` td m vijjml` f`j-

`crmtido, wgmt ad`s it h`mo td nodw m s`mrfgiol Lda tgmt fmr`s

tgmt prdbduoajy bdr moy wgd mr` jdst4

E`sus’ snijj ms m stdryt`jj`r wms w`jj `stmcjisgà ms gis hio-

istry io Lmjij`` hmturà. Cut td g`mr tg`h ms gis birst muaiòf`

g`mra tg`h wijj c` jin` pjdwiol m bi`ja w` nodw w`jj ‑ dojy td

aisfdv`r tr`msur`s w` o`v`r no`w `xistà.














jesus, the middle eastern storyteller by gary m. burge, chapter 1

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