Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative Vaccine Day 2011: Anne Schuchat

Inside this issue:

Vaccine Day 2012 1-3

WHO Collaborating Center

Announced at JHSPH 4

50th Anniversary Vaccine

Seminar 4

Dr. Black Receives Award 5

World Pneumonia Day

Activities at JHSPH 5-6

Dr. O’Brien Receives

Presidential Award 6

JHVI VIEW Scholars

Internships Available 7

JHMRI Malaria Anniversary

and Symposium 7

Recent Research

Announcements 8-9

JHVI Faculty Selected

Publications 9-11

Winter 2011 Volume 2, Issue 2

JHVI Newsletter

Winter 2011

The Johns Hopkins Vaccine

Initiative promotes collaborative

and interdisciplinary vaccine

research, education, and

implementation efforts to

improve health worldwide.

On October 7th, 2011, the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative (JHVI) hosted the fourth annual Vaccine Day at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. JHVI was pleased to host Dr. Anne Schuchat, MD (RADM, USPHS), Assistant Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service, Director, National Center for Immunization and Respi-ratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Vaccine Day began at 12:00pm in Sommer Hall with welcome by Ruth Karron, M.D., Director of the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initia-tive and an introduction by the Dean of the School of Public Health, Michael Klag, MD, MPH.

Dr. Schuchat's keynote address was titled "Magic bullets and smoking guns, flying pigs and sitting ducks: What can we learn from the past for the new Decade of Vaccines?"

Following the keynote, an expert panel moderated by Neal Halsey, M.D. discussed issues surrounding vaccine research and implementation.

The guest panel included former students:

Anne Bailowitz, MD, MPH Assistant Commissioner, Clinical Services Baltimore City Health Department

Angelia Eick-Cost, PhD, ScM Special Studies Lead Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center

T. Christopher Mast, PhD, MSc Director and Infectious Disease Area Lead Department of Epidemiology Merck Research Laboratories

Daniel Salmon, MPH, PhD Director, Vaccine Safety, National Vaccine Program Office, Office of Public Health and Science, US DHHS

Following the presentation and panel discus-sion, Vaccine Day moved to Feinstone Hall for the faculty, staff and student poster session and reception. 34 posters were submitted for Vaccine Day 2011 showcasing work from four departments, including 18 student posters. The posters highlighted the breadth of vaccine research being conducted at the School, and described pre-clinical studies, phase I and II clinical trials, cost effectiveness studies, policy analysis, and implementation studies. Thirteen posters submitted were eligible for the student poster contest.

(Continued on page 2) Anne Schuchat, MD Assistant Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service Director, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Volume 2, Issue 2 Page 2 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

Vaccine Day 2011 Poster and Photo Contest Winners

Prizes were awarded for the three most outstanding student posters:

First Place: Barbara Badman (right) "Investigating the Genotypic Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus among Women in Northern Tanzania in an Effort to Determine Vaccine Efficacy"

Second Place: Cailin Deal "The role of the Influenza A Virus M2 protein extracel-lular domain in virus replication and on the induction of broadly protective anti-bodies"

Third Place: Kyla Hayford "Validating measles vaccination coverage estimates using an oral fluid biomarker: Preliminary findings from a population-based study in rural Bangladesh"

Please see here for a list of all abstracts submitted.

2011 Vaccine Day Photo Contest Photos submitted in advance of the Decade of Vaccines photo contest were judged by JHSPH faculty for best illustrating the impact of vaccines on public health. Second Place: Laveta Stewart (below)

NNIPS field staff members volunteered in large numbers to receive their influenza immunization.

First Place: Kyla Hayford (above) For an immunization campaign day in Bangladesh, this volunteer loads his bike with coolers full of measles and polio vaccines and delivers them to each community.

Third Place: Andrea Feller (left) In the Matlab research area of ICDDR,B, the Community Health Research Worker (CHRW) holds fixed-site clinics in her house where she administers EPI vac-cines. In this photo the CHRW is preparing to administer the vaccines to an infant. Educational posters can be seen hanging on the walls.

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Vaccine Day 2011 Photos

Volume 2, Issue 2 Page 4 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

WHO Collaborating Center for Vaccine Epidemiology

and Evaluation at JHSPH

The World Health Organization has established a Collaborating Center for Vaccine Epidemiology and Evaluation at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health. Faculty, students and staff of the Bloomberg School of Public Health will work with colleagues in the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals at WHO and with colleagues at PAHO on the following activities:

The Collaboration intends to:

1. Support, collaborate on, or conduct systematic analysis of vaccine-related scientific evidence;

2. Provide technical assistance and support training on the design, conduct and analyses of vaccine trials and evaluation in the pre- and post-licensure phases;

3. Support, collaborate on, conduct, and/or provide training to conduct epide-miological studies to develop and improve strategies for optimal safety and effectiveness of vaccines, with an emphasis on measles and dengue viruses.

4. Build capacity for vaccine research in resource-poor settings, through train-ing in areas such as systematic literature review and/or good clinical practice (GCP).

For more information, see the JHVI website.

“In addition to ongoing projects related to safety assessments for dengue virus vaccines and assess-

ment of coverage with measles vaccine, we will be working on additional projects related to

global coverage with influenza vaccines.”

-Dr. Ruth Karron

Director, Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative (JHVI)

Dr. Jenner (right) with JHSPH faculty, students and Dean Sommer.

JHSPH Department of International Health 50th Anniversary Seminar

The Institute for Vaccine Safety, the Center for Immunization Research and GDEC sponsored a 50th Anniversary seminar on November 9th, 2011 with Gareth Williams, Chair of the Jenner Trust, Dr. Jenner’s House and Professor, University of Bristol. The seminar, during the Special Topics in Vaccine Science Seminar, was in support of research Dr. Williams has completed on Edward Jenner and the development of the smallpox vaccine, described in his Angel of Death: the Story of Smallpox, shortlisted for the Wellcome Book Prize 2010 (all proceeds to Dr. Jenner’s House). Dr. Williams described the develop-ment of the smallpox vaccine and linked the anti-vaccine movement through history to the current anti-vaccine movement in America and the UK.

A video of the seminar is hosted on the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative website here.

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Robert E. Black Received Prince Mahidol Award

Robert E. Black, MD, MPH, is a recipient of the Prince Mahidol Award in the field of Public Health, which recognizes “outstanding contribution in the field of pub-lic health for the sake of the well-being of the peoples.” Black, who is chair and Edgar Berman Professor in International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, is being recognized for his out-standing work on zinc supplementation. His studies in Bangladesh, India, Peru and Zanzibar demonstrated that daily zinc supplementation significantly reduced the severity of diarrhea and pneumonia.

Throughout his career, Black has focused his research and activities on reducing the unnecessary deaths of children world-wide from infectious diseases and malnutri-tion. Black shares this year’s award with Ananda S. Prasad of Wayne State University and Kenneth H. Brown of the University of California at Davis.

The $50,000 prize will be conferred on the recipients by His Majesty the King of Thailand Bhumibol Adulyadej, at a ceremony in Bangkok on January 26, 2011.

The Prince Mahidol Award was established in honor of the late Prince Mahidol of Songka, the Royal Father of His Majesty the King of Thailand. Prince Mahidol mod-ernized medical services and education in Thailand and is known to the country as the “Father of Modern Medicine and Public Health.”

“The Prince Mahidol Award is a tremendous honor and well-deserved recognition of Bob Black's contributions and commitment to improve the lives of children world-wide,” said Michael J. Klag, MD, MPH, dean of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Black’s research interests include field trials of vaccines, micronutrients and nutritional interventions, effective-ness studies of health programs, such as the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness approach, and evalua-tion of preventive and curative health service programs in low- and middle-income countries. He currently has active projects in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Peru, Uganda and Zanzibar. He focuses on using evidence in policy and programs, including estimates of burden of disease, the development of research capacity and the strengthening of public health training.

Trained in internal medicine, preventive medicine, infectious diseases and epidemiology, Black has served as a medical epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and worked at institutions in Bangladesh and Peru on research related to childhood infectious diseases and nutritional problems. As a mem-ber of the U.S. Institute of Medicine and advisory bodies of the World Health Organization, the International Vaccine Institute, and other international organizations, he assists with the development of policies intended to improve child health.

Alfred Sommer, MD, MHS, professor and dean emeritus of the Bloomberg School, received the Prince Mahidol Award in 1997 for his vitamin A discoveries.

Reprinted from the JHSPH Public Health News Center

World Pneumonia Day, November 12, 2011

November 12th marked the third annual celebration of World Pneumonia Day (WPD). Pneumonia is the world’s leading killer of children under five. It takes the life of one child every 20 seconds – that’s more than AIDS, measles and malaria combined. WPD puts a spotlight on the problem of childhood pneumonia for the world’s stage.

In just three years, WPD has truly become a global phenomenon with dozens of events occurring in over 20 countries this year. International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC)supported the efforts of the Global Coalition against Child Pneumonia and helped to lead a successful digital campaign, which resulted in the production of fantastic resources like the WPD video and infographic.

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IVAC also coordinated the 2011 Small Grants for World Pneumonia Day Advocacy Program which, through part-nerships with the GAVI Alliance, the Best Shot Founda-tion and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, provided support for passionate advocates to hold events on WPD where childhood pneumonia has the greatest impact.

Just prior to WPD, IVAC published the 2011 Pneumonia Progress Report. The annual report examines data on several key pneumonia interventions – including exclu-sive breastfeeding, access to a health care facility, antibi-otic treatment and vaccination against pneumonia’s four leading causes – in the 15 countries that account for three-fourths of all child pneumonia deaths.

An animated version of the Progress Report can be viewed here.

IVAC faculty and staff were also vital in spreading aware-ness about childhood pneumonia on and around World Pneumonia Day through participation in blogger calls, blog pieces and media interviews. Dr. Katherine O’Brien, M.D. contributed a blog about her own personal experience with pneumonia that was published on the Coalition website and Results UK. IVAC’s Director of

Epidemiology, Dr. Daniel Feikin, M.D. appeared on an ABC News segment with Dr. Richard Besser and contrib-uted a blog about the impact pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction in Kenya, where he had worked previously.

Lois Privor-Dumm, IVAC’s Director of Alliances and Information, wrote a blog for Disruptive Women in Health Care about the creativity of WPD events and outreach. Executive Director of IVAC, Dr. Orin Levine debunked the Top 5 Pneumonia Myths in a Huffington Post blog and contributed to a PBS News Hour report by Ray Suarez, which provided an update on pneumonia prevention in Nicaragua a year after they rolled-out PCV, through an interview.

Volume 2, Issue 2 Page 6 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

World Pneumonia Day (continued)

JHSPH Students/Pneumonia Fighters in front of Welch Library

Katherine O’Brien Receives Receive Presidential Early Career Award October 14, 2011 at the Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC.

Dr. Katherine O’Brien, M.D., M.P.H., was among 94 researchers honored by President Obama in October as they re-ceived the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, the highest honor bestowed by the United

States government on science and engineering professionals in the early stages of their independent research careers.

O’Brien is a pediatric infectious disease physician, an epidemi-ologist and a vaccinologist with the Bloomberg School’s departments of International Health and Epidemiology. She leads the Infectious Disease Prevention group in the School’s Center for American Indian Health, where she conducts clinical trials of vaccines for diseases of importance to American Indian tribes.

She also serves as deputy director of the International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC). Her work domestically and internation-ally has focused on vaccine-preventable childhood illnesses including epidemiologic and vaccine studies of pneumococcal disease, rotavirus, Haemophilus influenzae, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza.

From left to right: Francis Collins (NIH Director), Kathleen Sebelius (Secretary of Department of Health and Human Services), Kathe-rine O’Brien, and John Holdren (Assistant to the President, White House Office of Science and Technology)

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Vaccine Internship Experience at WHO (VIEW) Fall 2012 Internships in Geneva

The Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative 2012-2013 Vaccine Internship Experience at WHO (VIEW) internship descrip-tions and applications are now available.

The VIEW Scholars Program is funded by the Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative. The objective of the VIEW Scholars Program is to allow JHSPH graduate students to work with mentors in the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals at the World Health Organization (WHO) to gain experience in vaccine research, policy, or programs of global importance.

Specific projects will vary, but might include analytic work or specific assignments that contribute to the develop-ment of global immunization policy recommendations, the strengthening of national decision making processes for immunization, vaccine delivery, financing, or safety monitoring, or vaccine preventable disease surveillance.

Three internships will be offered during the 2012-2013 academic year. VIEW Scholars will receive $7,500 to be used for travel, accommodation and expenses while in Geneva. The VIEW Scholars Program is restricted to full-time master’s and doctoral students in good standing enrolled at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. As this internship is intended to complement course work taken at the School of Public Health, all applicants are required to have completed at least one year of coursework by September 2012, including a

minimum of three terms of biostatistics and one term of epidemiology.

Applicants must anticipate enrollment as full time students during their internships (the first and second quarters of the 2012-2013 academic year).

JHVI and WHO will arrange internships on vaccine-related topics of global importance that will provide opportunities for students to apply skills acquired at JHSPH. However, it is essential that WHO has the flexibility to adjust intern-ships to respond to critical or emerging public health needs. Following the identification of VIEW Scholars, JHVI and WHO will assign internships based on student interest and experience and WHO programmatic needs.

All applications and recommendations are due Friday January 27, 2012 at 5:00pm. Contact Amber Bickford Cox with questions acox@jhsph.edu or jhvi@jhsph.edu

Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute

On November 16, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health hosted “The Forever War: Malaria versus The World,” a half-day symposium calling attention to the global burden imposed by malaria. The event, held at the New York Academy of Science in New York City, also marked the tenth anniversary of the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, a state-of-the-art research facility at the Bloomberg School of Public Health focused on a broad program of basic science research to treat and control malaria. Worldwide, malaria afflicts hundreds of millions of people.

The symposium highlighted some of the groundbreaking research conducted by the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute and other scientists working to end malaria. Nobel Laureate Peter Agre, director of the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, moderated the presentation, which included dis-cussions of interventions in Macha, Zambia that have reduced malaria locally by 90 percent, the development of a genetically modified malaria-resistant mosquito, and understanding of genetics of the parasite that causes malaria.

The Honorable Michael Bloomberg provided the symposium’s opening ad-dress. Jeffrey D. Sachs, director of the Earth Institute and professor at Colum-bia University, provided the closing keynote address. Michael J. Klag, dean of the Bloomberg School, and Ellis Rubinstein, head of the New York Academy, also delivered remarks.

More info at JHMRI.

Michael J. Klag, (far left), joins Diane E. Griffin, the Honorable Michael Bloomberg, Peter C. Agre and Alfred Sommer for the symposium.

Volume 2, Issue 2 Page 8 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

Researchers Develop Method to Better Estimate Vaccine Coverage

Immunizations are a valuable tool for controlling infectious diseases among populations both in the U.S. and globally. Routine immunizations and supplemental immunization activities, such as immunization campaigns, are designed to provide immunization coverage to entire populations. Current measurements used to determine the success and rates of immunization can be flawed and inconsistent. Ac-cording to a new study led by researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, estimates of vaccination coverage can be significantly improved by combining administrative data with survey data. The re-sults are featured in the Oct 2011 issue of PLoS Medicine.

“Reliable estimates of vaccination coverage are key to managing population immunization status,” said Justin Lessler, lead author of the study and an assistant professor with the Bloomberg School’s Department of Epidemiology. “Currently, the performance of routine and supplemental immunization activities is measured by the administrative method, which leads to coverage estimates that are often inconsistent with the proportion reporting vaccination in cross-sectional surveys. Furthermore, administrative cov-erage does not tell you how many people are systemati-cally missed by vaccination activities. We estimated that the size of the population never reached by any activity was high in Sierra Leone and Madagascar, 31 percent and 21percent respectively. But it was much lower in Ghana, only 7 percent. ”

The widely used administrative method divides the num-ber of doses distributed by the size of the target popula-tion. Lessler, along with colleagues from Johns Hopkins, University of Oxford, Epicentre, and Princeton University developed a method for estimating the effective coverage of vaccination programs using cross-sectional surveys of vaccine coverage combined with administrative data. The

method was applied using demographic health survey and administrative coverage data reported to the WHO from measles vaccinations in Ghana, Madagascar and Sierra Leone. They found estimates of routine supplemental im-munization activities coverage are substantially lower than administrative estimates for Madagascar and Sierra Leone, and only slightly lower for Ghana. In addition, their esti-mates of routine coverage are, in general, lower than WHO and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) esti-mates.

“This method not only attempts to correct coverage esti-mates, but also distinguishes between issues of overall coverage and vaccine within activity inefficiencies. For our technique to be useful, countries must have cross-sectional data on vaccine coverage for children across a range of ages, some of an age where they have been ex-posed to multiple vaccination activities,” said Derek Cum-mings.

“Estimates of the inefficiency of past vaccination activities and the proportion not covered by any activity allow us to more accurately predict the results of future activities and provide insight into the ways in which vaccination pro-grams are failing to meet their goals,” adds Lessler.

“Measuring the Performance of Vaccination Programs Us-ing Cross-Sectional Surveys: A Likelihood Framework and Retrospective Analysis” was written by Justin Lessler, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Rebecca F. Grais, Francisco J. Luquero, Derek A. T. Cummings and Bryan T. Grenfell.

This research was supported by grants from the Vaccine Modeling Initiative of the Bill and Melinda Gates Founda-tion, the Department for Homeland Security, the NIH, the Burroughs Welcome Fund and the Royal Society.

Reprinted from the JHSPH Public Health News Center

Center for Immunization Research, PATH and NIH Evaluate New Malaria Vaccine

The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Cen-ter for Immunization Research (CIR), the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI) and the National Institute of Al-lergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) announced a new collaboration to evaluate a potential malaria vaccine designed to prevent transmission of the disease from mosquitoes to humans.

CIR, MVI and NIAID are currently working together to con-duct a Phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adults to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the protein Pfs25. Pfs25 is a transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) that aims to block the

transmission of malaria from mosquitoes to humans by preventing the malaria parasite from developing in the mosquito. While such vaccines do not directly protect an immunized individual from developing clinical malaria, by preventing the spread of infection by the mosquito, they can reduce the chances that others in the community contract the disease.

"The Pfs25 vaccine and other transmission-blocking vac-cines are unique in their approach in that they target a key

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Page 9 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

(Continued from Page 8 Malaria Vaccine) stage in the malaria parasite's lifecycle rather than attempting to build immunity to malaria in humans," said Kawsar Talaat, MD, clinical principal investigator and assistant scientist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "We'll need many tools to bring malaria under control and an effective transmission-blocking vaccine could go a long way toward achieving that goal."

Malaria kills nearly 800,000 people every year, most of them children under the age of 5. Defending against the disease has been challenging because both the parasite and its mosquito host are highly adaptive and have sur-vived for millions of years. A TBV would work synergisti-cally with other interventions such as drugs and insecti-cides since blocking transmission of the parasite would reduce the pressure on these measures, thereby slowing the development of resistance and thus extending their effectiveness.

"This is the first clinical trial using a transmission-blocking approach supported by MVI," said Ashley Birkett, director of research and development at MVI. “It’s the first step in what is typically a long process of evaluation. Nonetheless, we are excited by the potential of TBVs to significantly limit the spread of malaria infection. Eradication of malaria may be decades away, but we believe a successful TBV—used alongside safe and effective drugs, insecticides, bednets and possibly a malaria vaccine that protects the individual against infection—is essential to achieving that goal.”

About the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI): MVI is a global program established at PATH through an initial

grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. MVI’s mission is to accelerate the development of malaria vac-cines and ensure their availability and accessibility in the developing world. MVI’s vision is a world free from ma-laria. For more information, please visit http://www.malariavaccine.org/.

About PATH: PATH is an international nonprofit organiza-tion that creates sustainable, culturally relevant solutions, enabling communities worldwide to break longstanding cycles of poor health. By collaborating with diverse public and private sector partners, PATH helps provide appropri-ate health technologies and vital strategies that change the way people think and act. PATH’s work improves global health and well-being. For more information, please visit http://www.path.org/.

About the Johns Hopkins Center for Immunization Research (CIR): CIR is a leader in vaccine evaluation and Good Clini-cal Practice (GCP) training. Established in 1985 by Dr. Mary Lou Clements-Mann, CIR is one of the nation’s leading vac-cine research centers. CIR investigators primarily conduct Phase I and II clinical trials of new vaccine candidates in the United States and in less-developed countries.

About the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Dis-eases (NIAID): NIAID conducts and supports research—at NIH, throughout the United States, and worldwide—to study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated dis-eases, and to develop better means of preventing, diag-nosing and treating these illnesses. News releases, fact sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on the NIAID website at http://www.niaid.nih.gov/.

Selected Faculty Publications and Faculty in the News

BCG-mediated protection against Mycobacterium ulcerans infec-tion in the mouse. Converse PJ, Almeida DV, Nuermberger EL, Grosset JH. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Mar 15;5(3):e985. PMID: 21423646 Scaling up diarrhea prevention and treatment interventions: a Lives Saved Tool analysis. Fischer Walker CL, Friberg IK, Binkin N, Young M, Walker N, Fontaine O, Weissman E, Gupta A, Black RE. PLoS Med. 2011 Mar;8(3):e1000428. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21445330 An open label Phase I trial of a live attenuated H6N1 influenza virus vaccine in healthy adults. Talaat KR, Karron RA, Luke CJ, Thumar B, McMahon BA, Chen GL, Lamirande EW, Jin H, Coelingh KL, Kemble G, Subbarao K. Vaccine. 2011 Apr 12;29(17):3144-8. Epub 2011 Mar 4. PMID: 21377509

Comparison of LiST measles mortality model and WHO/IVB mea-sles model. Chen WJ. BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Suppl 3:S33. PMID: 21501452 Rotavirus vaccine and diarrhea mortality: quantifying regional variation in effect size. Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Suppl 3:S16. Review. PMID: 21501433 Attitudes and beliefs of parents concerned about vaccines: im-pact of timing of immunization information. Vannice KS, Salmon DA, Shui I, Omer SB, Kissner J, Edwards KM, Sparks R, Dekker CL, Klein NP, Gust DA. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S120-6. Epub 2011 Apr 18.PMID: 21502250

To contact JHVI:

Amber Bickford Cox, MPH

Program Manager, JHVI

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of

Public Health

Hampton House

624 N. Broadway, Room 237

Baltimore MD, 21205

email: jhvi@jhsph.edu

phone: 410-287-4734

fax: 410-502-6898

http://www.jhsph.edu/vaccineinitiative

Selected Faculty Publications and Faculty in the News

Page 10 Johns Hopkins Vaccine Initiative

Immunization-safety monitoring systems for the 2009 H1N1 monovalent influenza vaccination program. Salmon DA, Akhtar A, Mergler MJ, Vannice KS, Izurieta H, Ball R, Lee GM, Vellozzi C, Garman P, Cunningham F, Gellin B, Koh H, Lurie N; H1N1 Working Group of Federal Immunization Safety Task Force. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S78-86. Epub 2011 Apr 18. Review. PMID: 21502251 Understanding the role of human varia-tion in vaccine adverse events: the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Net-work. LaRussa PS, Edwards KM, Dekker CL, Klein NP, Halsey NA, Marchant C, Baxter R, Engler RJ, Kissner J, Slade BA. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S65-73. Epub 2011 Apr 18. PMID: 21502239 Immunization safety in US print media, 1995-2005. Hussain H, Omer SB, Manganello JA, Kromm EE, Carter TC, Kan L, Stokley S, Halsey NA, Salmon DA. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127 Suppl 1:S100-6. Epub 2011 Apr 18. PMID: 21502237 Seroincidence of 2009 H1N1 infection in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women prior to vaccine availability. Althoff KN, Eichelberger M, Gange SJ, Sharp GB, Gao J, Glesby MJ, Young M, Greenblatt RM, French AL, Villacres MC, Minkoff H. AIDS. 2011 Jun 1;25(9):1229-32. PMID: 21505313 Product development partnerships hit their stride: lessons from developing a meningitis vaccine for Africa. Bishai DM, Champion C, Steele ME, Thompson L. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jun;30(6):1058-64. PMID: 21653957 A dynamic landscape for antibody binding modulates antibody-mediated neutraliza-tion of West Nile virus. Dowd KA, Jost CA, Durbin AP, Whitehead SS, Pierson TC. PLoS Pathog. 2011 Jun;7(6):e1002111. Epub 2011 Jun 30. PMID: 21738473

Smallpox virus destruction and the impli-cations of a new vaccine. Henderson DA. Biosecur Bioterror. 2011 Jun;9(2):163-8. Epub 2011 Mar 16. PMID: 21410355 Estimated economic benefits during the 'decade of vaccines' include treatment savings, gains in labor productivity. Stack ML, Ozawa S, Bishai DM, Mirelman A, Tam Y, Niessen L, Walker DG, Levine OS. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jun;30(6):1021-8. PMID: 21653952 During the 'decade of vaccines,' the lives of 6.4 million children valued at $231 bil-lion could be saved. Ozawa S, Stack ML, Bishai DM, Mirelman A, Friberg IK, Niessen L, Walker DG, Levine OS. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Jun;30(6):1010-20. PMID: 21653951 Volunteer challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli that express intestinal colonization factor fimbriae CS17 and CS19. McKenzie R, Porter CK, Cantrell JA, Denearing B, O'Dowd A, Grahek SL, Sin-cock SA, Woods C, Sebeny P, Sack DA, Tribble DR, Bourgeois AL, Savarino SJ. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul 1;204(1):60-4.PMID: 21628659 A call to action for the new decade of vac-cines. Moxon ER, Das P, Greenwood B, Heymann DL, Horton R, Levine OS, Plotkin S, Nossal G. Lancet. 2011 Jul 23;378(9788):298-302. Epub 2011 Jun 12. PMID: 21664682 Biological feasibility of measles eradica-tion. Moss WJ, Strebel P.J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S47-53. Review. PMID: 21666201 Measles vaccination in HIV-infected chil-dren: systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and immunogenicity. Scott P, Moss WJ, Gilani Z, Low N. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S164-78. Review. PMID: 21666158

The epidemiologic evidence underlying recommendations for use of pneumococ-cal polysaccharide vaccine among Ameri-can Indian and Alaska Native populations. Said MA, O'Brien KL, Nuorti JP, Singleton R, Whitney CG, Hennessy TW. Vaccine. 2011 Jul 26;29(33):5355-62. Epub 2011 Jun 12.PMID: 21664217 The future of immunisation policy, imple-mentation, and financing. Levine OS, Bloom DE, Cherian T, de Quadros C, Sow S, Wecker J, Duclos P, Greenwood B. Lancet. 2011 Jul 30;378(9789):439-48. Epub 2011 Jun 12. PMID: 21664676 Detection of G3P[3] and G3P[9] rotavirus strains in American Indian children with evidence of gene reassortment between human and animal rotaviruses. Grant L, Esona M, Gentsch J, Watt J, Reid R, Weatherholtz R, Santosham M, Parashar U, O'Brien K. J Med Virol. 2011 Jul;83(7):1288-99. doi: 10.1002/jmv.22076. PMID: 21567432

The cost-effectiveness of supplementary immunization activities for measles: a sto-chastic model for Uganda. Bishai D, Johns B, Nair D, Nabyonga-Orem J, Fiona-Makmot B, Simons E, Dabbagh A. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;204 Suppl 1:S107-15. PMID: 21666151 Overview of the Clinical Consult Case Re-view of adverse events following immuni-zation: Clinical Immunization Safety As-sessment (CISA) network 2004-2009. Williams SE, Klein NP, Halsey N, Dekker CL, Baxter RP, Marchant CD, LaRussa PS, Sparks RC, Tokars JI, Pahud BA, Aukes L, Jakob K, Coronel S, Choi H, Slade BA, Ed-wards KM. Vaccine. 2011 Sep 16;29(40):6920-7. Epub 2011 Jul 27. PMID: 21801776 A single dose of the DENV-1 candidate vaccine rDEN1Δ30 is strongly immuno-genic and induces resistance to a second dose in a randomized trial. Durbin AP, Whitehead SS, Shaffer D, El-wood D, Wanionek K, Thumar B, Blaney JE, Murphy BR, Schmidt AC. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Aug;5(8):e1267. Epub 2011 Aug 2. PMID: 21829748 Decay and persistence of maternal dengue antibodies among infants in Bangkok. van Panhuis WG, Luxemburger C, Pengsaa K, Limkittikul K, Sabchareon A, Lang J, Durbin AP, Cummings DA. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Aug;85(2):355-62. PMID: 21813859 Underimmunization at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Navar-Boggan AM, Halsey NA, Escobar GJ, Golden WC, Klein NP. J Perinatol. 2011 Aug 11. doi: 10.1038/jp.2011.111. PMID: 21836550 Progress in the development of human parainfluenza virus vaccines. Schmidt AC, Schaap-Nutt A, Bartlett EJ, Schomacker H, Boonyaratanakornkit J, Karron RA, Collins PL. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2011 Aug;5(4):515-26. PMID: 21859271 Induction and maintenance of protective CD8+ T cells against malaria liver stages: implications for vaccine development. Tse SW, Radtke AJ, Zavala F. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2011 Aug;106 Suppl 1:172-8. PMID: 21881772

Development and clinical evaluation of multiple investigational monovalent DENV vaccines to identify components for inclu-sion in a live attenuated tetravalent DENV vaccine. Durbin AP, Kirkpatrick BD, Pierce KK, Schmidt AC, Whitehead SS. Vaccine. 2011 Sep 23;29(42):7242-50. Epub 2011 Jul 21. PMID: 21781997 Next-generation dengue vaccines: novel strategies currently under development. Durbin AP, Whitehead SS. Viruses. 2011 Oct;3(10):1800-14. Epub 2011 Sep 26. PMID: 22069516 The role of HPV in head and neck cancer and review of the HPV vaccine. D'Souza G, Dempsey A. Prev Med. 2011 Oct 1;53 Suppl 1:S5-S11.PMID: 21962471 Challenges to mapping the health risk of hepatitis A virus infection. Mohd Hanafiah K, Jacobsen KH, Wiersma ST. Int J Health Geogr. 2011 Oct 18;10:57. PMID: 22008459 The cDNA-derived investigational human parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine rcp45 is well tolerated, infectious, and immuno-genic in infants and young children. Karron RA, Casey R, Thumar B, Surman S, Murphy BR, Collins PL, Schmidt AC. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Oct;30(10):e186-91. PMID: 21829138 Refinement of a human challenge model for evaluation of enterotoxigenic Es-cherichia coli vaccines. Harro C, Chakraborty S, Feller A, DeNear-ing B, Cage A, Ram M, Lundgren A, Sven-nerholm AM, Bourgeois AL, Walker RI, Sack DA. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Oct;18(10):1719-27. Epub 2011 Aug 18. PMID: 21852546 Causality assessment of serious neurologic adverse events following 2009 H1N1 vac-cination. Williams SE, Pahud BA, Vellozzi C, Don-ofrio PD, Dekker CL, Halsey N, Klein NP, Baxter RP, Marchant CD, Larussa PS, Bar-nett ED, Tokars JI, McGeeney BE, Sparks RC, Aukes LL, Jakob K, Coronel S, Sejvar JJ, Slade BA, Edwards KM. Vaccine. 2011 Oct 26;29(46):8302-8. Epub 2011 Sep 3. PMID: 21893148

Comparative evaluation of the antibody in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and en-zyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays for measuring mucosal immune responses to Shigella antigens. Feller AJ, McKenzie R, Taylor DN, Woods CC, Grahek SL, Islam D, Venkatesan MM, Hale TL, Bourgeois AL. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 3;29(47):8487-9. Epub 2011 Sep 20. PMID: 21939714 Missed clinical opportunities: provider recommendations for HPV vaccination for 11-12 year old girls are limited. Vadaparampil ST, Kahn JA, Salmon D, Lee JH, Quinn GP, Roetzheim R, Bruder K, Malo TL, Proveaux T, Zhao X, Halsey N, Giuliano AR. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 3;29(47):8634-41. Epub 2011 Sep 14. PMID: 21924315 Survey of national immunization programs and vaccine coverage rates in Asia Pacific countries. Lu CY; APECI members, Santosham M. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 7. PMID: 22075085 Pneumococcal sequence type replace-ment among American Indian children: A comparison of pre- and routine-PCV7 eras. Scott JR, Hanage WP, Lipsitch M, Millar EV, Moulton LH, Hinds J, Reid R, Santosham M, O'Brien KL. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 14. PMID: 22094283 Impact of More Than a Decade of Pneu-mococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use on Car-riage and Invasive Potential in Native American Communities. Scott JR, Millar EV, Lipsitch M, Moulton LH, Weatherholtz R, Perilla MJ, Jackson DM, Beall B, Craig MJ, Reid R, Santosham M, O'Brien KL. J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov 29. PMID: 22128315 A Combination Vaccine Consisting of Three Live Attenuated Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strains Expressing a Range of Colonization Factors and Heat-Labile Toxin Subunit B Is Well Tolerated and Im-munogenic in a Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Phase I Trial in Healthy Adults. Harro C, Sack D, Bourgeois AL, Walker R, Denearing B, Feller A, Chakraborty S, Buchwaldt C, Darsley MJ. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Dec;18(12):2118-27. Epub 2011 Oct 12. PMID: 21994354