jim linton vk3pc chairman iaru region 3 disaster communications committee presentation to garec-2009...
TRANSCRIPT
Jim Linton VK3PC
Chairman IARU Region 3
Disaster Communications Committee
Presentation to GAREC-2009 Tokyo, Japan
Australian Bushfire Communications
Black Saturday 7 February 2009
Australia’s worst natural disaster 173 lives lost and many hundreds injured.
More than 2000 homes destroyed Township business centres, community
and other facilities lost. Record high temperatures, very low
humidity, winds up to 150 km/h, and 12 years of drought.
Marysville: the day after
Weather conditions On Black Saturday temperatures reached
46.4 degrees Celsius in Melbourne, higher in regional areas, low humidity and strong winds.
A record heatwave two weeks earlier had three days above 43C which was a weather record.
RECOM Before Black Saturday - in late January fires forced
hundreds of people to flee for safety and 30 homes were destroyed in Gippsland, eastern Victoria.
The emergency communications arm of the Australian
Red Cross, RECOM had units quickly deployed to mainly handle the registrations of displaced persons.
A few days after completing their duty in Gippsland, the
RECOM operators were then called out for the Black Saturday disaster. More about RECOM later.
WICEN
The Wireless Institute Civil Emergency Network (WICEN), a traditional amateur radio emergency communications service was deployed for 28 days.
It had 52 radio amateurs involved with their role mainly as operators of fire service radio systems.
Their duties included being at vital Incident Control Centres (ICC) and a Municipal Emergency Coordination Centre (MECC).
WICEN Since 2003 WICEN operators have been
trained to use the fire service’s trunk radio system.
These radios are different to conventional transceivers as they require the pressing buttons to get the required station.
The failure of telephone services also saw WICEN provide vital link services using amateur radio between centres.
WICEN in a control centre
Support communications Another role of amateur radio is to provide third
party traffic at times of emergency. WICEN operators joined firefighters at a remote
location that had limited fire service radio coverage and no mobile phone service.
A communication link over amateur radio was set up for health and welfare reasons between firefighters and their families at home.
RECOM Emergency Recovery is heavily reliant on
having good Communications
Adequate Communications are often not available during major activations
Australian Red Cross is able to function effectively “when all community infrastructure fails”
The role of RECOM Provide the Red Cross with:
Transmission of NRIS data on displaced persons Situation reports and digital images First Aid treatment details Staff tracking, logistics, catering and other supply
requests General back-up communications for other
services if required
RECOM Volunteer prerequisites
Unconditional availability 24/7 Professional technical background Not a member of any other “agency” 4WD transport Weekly on-air training to maintain skills Members treat each other as equals
Emergency Operations Centre
It never stops. stops. Fully automated
Ex-military specification 486 computers
Screens turned on – only to do maintenance checks.
National NRIS coverage
Australia-wide coverage possible
RECOM Its membership includes a number of radio
amateurs who are scientists, engineers and IT specialists
The first emergency response agency to operate using totally digital technology
Financed by corporate sponsor donations Began in Victoria (VK3) but has developed to
provide Australia-wide coverage
RecomWin File transfer (up to 64K compressed file length) Messaging (similar to email) Position tracking of Remote Stations (GPS) Time synchronisation of all Networked Stations Capable of interfacing with a number of
communications platform types Military level security
Security/Reliability All transmitted data is fully error corrected All Messages are saved (archived after
activation is completed). All Communications activity is time/date
logged Network is time synchronised to within
1/1000 second. Network reliability so far is 100%
RECOM Field stations
Fully self-reliant stations in vehicles, with the operator able to operate indoors using a 100m range bluetooth link.
RECOM Field stations Transceivers are Yaesu FT897 or FT817,
driving a solid-state 400w linear amplifier. The linear runs at 50% duty cycle with
enhanced (water) cooling. A small generator float charges the vehicle’s
battery. The PC’s have 486 processors because they
run cool, a requirement in the field where the air temperature can be 47 Degrees.
RECOM Field stations Special Communications Systems of Germany
HF modems – a world leader RECOM passes useful data on HF even when
signals are -24 dB below the noise floor It uses a slightly modified form of Pactor The Australian Communications and Media
Authority, permits encryption for emergency communications – needed for privacy reasons
RECOM vehicles are GPS tracked for operator welfare and fully-equipped with online mapping
HF Data (Low band)
HF Data(High band)
PSTN Data
IRIDIUMData
RecomNet
Emergency Operations Centre
Network Station
Field Station Field Station Field Station
Red Cross HQ Melbourne
RECOM Data GatewayCitrix
RECOM Data Network
RECOM Data Network It uses a ‘distributed network’ over HF
radio With three of the control stations on air
communication through one or another is always possible
To overcome HF propagation variability, software samples available frequencies to work out the best at any time
RECOM HF Data Network
RECOM National
Data Gateway
Sale
Wangaratta
Beaconsfield
RECOM HF Data Network
EOC
Ballarat (2)
Korumburra
Mcrae Drouin
BairnsdaleLara
Typical quick set-up vertical antenna
Antenna details It takes 2 minutes to put up the antenna. Anchored at the base by 3 tent pegs. A squid pole (telescoped fishing rod) is
rotated to wind 10 turns of wire over its entire length.
Most stations work this antenna as the vehicle body although sometimes ground radials are deployed.
National inquiry registration centre
Bushfire recovery in progress
Recovery continues Communities continue to recover from the
Black Saturday bushfire disaster
Preparations are underway for the next fire season which starts in 8 weeks time
WICEN and RECOM are at the ready
The end – thank you!
Jim Linton VK3PCChairmanIARU Region 3Disaster Communications Committee
Program Committee Member GAREC-2009Honorary Life Member - Wireless Institute of AustraliaEmail: [email protected] Box 200, Forest Hill, Vic 3131 Australia
About the author Jim Linton VK3PC Joined the Wireless Institute of Australia as a teenager and shortwave listener. That
begun a life-time of volunteering for the WIA including being on of the longest continuous office bearers. His roles have included that of a State President and Public Relations Officer, Federal Councillor, Guest Editor of the WIA journal Amateur Radio magazine, WIA team member at the IARU R3 triennial conferences since Darwin 2000. He is an Honorary Life Member of the WIA.
Jim has been President of Amateur Radio Victoria (WIA Victoria) since 1983. By profession he has had a career of 40 years including that of a news journalist writing many of the major stories of the day 1971-94, and then as a public relations practitioner in local government.
He first wrote of amateur radio emergency communications in 1974 in relation to the tropical cyclone Tracy that destroyed Darwin, the Ash Wednesday bushfire disaster 1983, other occasions of fires and floods in Australia. Jim was a member of the WICEN representative team that appeared before the Victorian Government Miller Inquiry into the Ash Wednesday disaster.
As the IARU R3 Disaster Communications Committee Chairman attending GAREC-2009, this presentation on bushfire communications also reflects his experience as a local government officer playing a key communications role in response to that disaster.