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Higher Secondary Second Year

PTA - Model question paper-II 2020

STD- XII CHEMISTRY

ANSWER KEY

S.SHANMUGAM ,St.John’s M.H.S.S porur Chennai -116 PART - I

I. Choose the best answer 15 x 1=15

1. a) [Ni(CO)4] Tetrahedral, Paramagnetic

2. a) 1

3. a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explaination of assertion

4. b) +3

5. d) electromagnetic separation

6. b) Catalytic activity of enzymes is decreased by coenzymes.

7. d) 6.022x1021

8. a) 0.04

9. c) Second order

10. b) Ionic product < solubility product (Ksp)

11. b) Nylon-6 - { - NH - (CH2)6-NHCO-(CH

2)4- CO-}

n-

12. b) Nucleoside + Base Nucleotide

13. d) CH3-CONH

2

14. d) But-3-en-1-oic acid

15. c) 4-nitrophenol

PART - II

II. Answer any 6 questions ( Question no.24 is compulsory ) 6 x 2 =12

16. [Fe(CN)6]4- and [Fe(H

2O)

6]2+ are of different colours in dilute solutions.why?

.[Fe(CN)6] 4– and [Fe(H2O)6] 2+ show different colours in dilute solution because

(1) CN– is a strong field ligand and H2O is a weak ligand hence magnitude of CFSE is different

(2) both CN– and H2O absorb same wavelength of energy

(3) complexes of weak field ligands are generally colourless

(4) the sizes of CN– and H2O are different hence their colours are also different.

17. Which is more basic among Lu(OH)3 and La(OH)

3? why?

La(OH)3 is most basic and Lu(OH)

3 is least basic. Due to lanthanide contraction. As the size of

lanthanide ions decreses from La3+ to Lu3+ , the covalent character of the hydroxides increases and

hence the basic strength decreases.

S.SHANMUGAM ,St.John’s M.H.S.S porur Chennai -116 Mob: 9841945665

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�✁✂ ✄☎✆ ✆✝✞✞ ✟☎✠ ✡☛☞✡✌☛☞ ✍✎✞☎☛✝✏☞ ✝✏ ✑✎☞ ✞✌✒☎☛✌✑☎☛✟✓

Chlorine is prepared by the action of conc. sulphuric acid on chlorides in presence of manganese

dioxide.

4NaCl + MnO + 4H2SO

4 Cl

2 + MnCl

2+ 4NaHSO

4+ 2H

2O

19. What are the characteristics of adsorption?

1. Adsorption can occur in all interfacial surfaces i.e. the adsorption can occur in between gas-solid, liq uid

solid, liq uid-liq uid, solid- solid and gas-liq uid.

2.. Adsorption is a spontaneous process and it is always accompanied by decrease in free energy. W hen

G reaches zero, the eq uilibrium is attained.

3. W hen molecules are adsorbed, there is always a decrease in randomness of the molecules.

ie., S<0, and TS is negative. Hence, adsorption is exothermic.

20. What is B uffer index ()?

It is defined as the number of gram eq uivalents of acid or base added to 1 litre of the buffer

solution to change its pH by unity

dB

d(pH)

dB = number of gram eq uivalents of acid / base added to one litre of buffer solution.

d(pH) = The change in the pH after the addition of acid / base.

21. Write the structure of -D(+) Glucopyranose.

22. Write the chemical equation for oxidation of ethylene glycol with periodic acid.

23. How the transquiliz ers work in body?

i) They are neurologically active drugs.

ii) Acts on the central nervous system by blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.

S.SHANMUGAM ,St.John’s M.H.S.S porur Chennai -116

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✔✕✖ ✗✘✙ ✚✙✛✜✢✣✤✥ ✦✥(s)

+ Co2+ Co(s)

+ Z n2+ occurs in a cell.Compute the standard emf of the cell.

Giv en that Eo Z n/ Z n2+

= +0.76 V and EoCo/ Co2+

= + 0.28 V

Z n(s)

+ Co2+ Co(s)

+ Z n2+

Oxidation potential of Co2+ ion is change into reduction potential

+0.28 V = -0.28V

Eo cell= Eooxidation(Z n/ Z n2+)

+ Eoreduction(Co2+/ Co)

Eo cell

= +0.76 + (-0.28)

Eo cell

= + 0.48 V

This reaction is feasible

PART - III

III. Answer any 6 questions ( Question no.33 is compulsory) 6 x 3 = 18

25. Explain the following terms with suitable example.

a) Gangue b) Slag

a) Gangue: G enerally✧ ★✩✪ ✫✬✪✭ ✮✬✪ ✮✭✭✫✯✰✮★✪✱ ✲✰★✩ ✳✫✳✴✪★✮✵✵✰✯ ✰✴✶✷✬✰★✰✪✭✧ ✬✫✯✸✹ ✴✮★✪✬✰✮✵✭ ✮✳✱

siliceous matter which are collectively known as gangue.

b) Slag In this extraction, a basic flux, limestone (CaO) is used. Since the silica gangue present in the

ore is acidic in nature, the limestone combines with it to form calcium silicate (slag).

CaO(s)

+ SiO2(s)

CaSiO3(s)

26. Write note on Z eolites.

i) Z eolites are three-dimensional crystalline solids containing aluminium, silicon, and oxygen in their

regular three dimensional framework.

ii) They are hydrated sodium alumino silicates with general formula NaO.(Al2O

3).x(SiO

2).yH

2O

(x=2 to 10; y=2 to 6).

iii) Z eolites have porous structure in which the monovalent sodium ions and water molecules are

loosely held. The Si and Al atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated with each other through shared

oxygen atoms.

iv) Z eolites have a three dimensional crystalline structure looks like a honeycomb consisting of a

network of interconnected tunnels and cages .

27. Mention the uses of Helium and Argon.

Helium:

1. Helium and oxygen mixture is used by divers in place of air oxygen mixture. This prevents the

painful dangerous condition called bends.

2. Helium is used to provide inert atmosphere in electric arc welding of metals

3. Helium has lowest boiling point hence used in cryogenics (low temperature science).

4. It is much less denser than air and hence used for filling air balloons

Argon: Argon prevents the oxidation of hot filament and prolongs the life in filament bulbs


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28. Calculate the percentage efficiency of pack ing in body centered cubic system.

29. What are electrochemical series? How is it useful to predict corrosion?

The standard aq ueous electrode potential at 298K for various metal - metal ion electrodes are

arranged in the decreasing order of their standard reduction potential.This series is called electro

chemical series.

Useful to predict corrosion

i. Coating metal surface by paint.

ii. Galv aniz ing - by coating with another metal such as zinc. zinc is stronger oxidising agent

than iron and hence it can be more easily corroded than iron. i.e., instead of iron, the zinc is

oxidised.

iii. Cathodic protection - In this techniq ue, unlike galvanising the entire surface of the metal to

be protected need not be covered with a protecting metal. Instead, metals such as Mg or zinc

which is corroded more easily than iron can be used as a sacrificial anode and the iron material

acts as a cathode. So iron is protected, but Mg or Z n is corroded.S.SHANMUGAM ,St.John’s M.H.S.S porur Chennai -116

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30.

31. An organic compound (A) on reduction giv es compound (B ).(B ) on treatment with CHCl3 and

alcoholic KOH giv es (C).(C) on catalytic reduction giv es N-methyl aniline.Identify A,B ,C and

write its equation.

32. i) How will you prepare benz oic acid from toluene?

ii) Write two tests to identify carboxylic acid

i) preparation benz oic acid from toluene

ii) Tests for carboxylic acid group

i) In aq ueous solution carboxylic acid turn blue litmus red.

ii) Carboxylic acids give brisk effervescence with sodium bicarbonate due to the evolution

of carbon-di -oxide.

iii) W hen carboxylic acid is warmed with alcohol and Con H2SO

4 it forms an ester, which is detected by

its fruity odour.

33. Deriv e Arhenius equation to calculate activ ation energy from the rate constant k1 and k

2 at

temperature T1andT

2 respectiv ely.


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PART - IV

IV . Answer all the questions 5 x 5 = 25

34. a) i) Mention the characteristic of interhalogen compounds.

ii) Out of cok e and CO, which is better reducing agent for the reduction of Z nO? Why?

Characteristic of interhalogen compounds.

i. The central atom will be the larger one

ii. It can be formed only between two halogen and not more than two halogens.

iii. Fluorine can’ t act as a central metal atom being the smallest one

iv. Due to high electronegativity with small size fluorine helps the central atom to attain high

coordination number

v. They can undergo the auto ionization

vi. They are strong oxidizing agents


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ii) Out of cok e and CO, which is better reducing agent for the reduction of Z nO? Why?

From Ellingham diagram:

Coke is definitely the better reducing agent for the reduction of zinc oxide (Z nO) than (CO). The G ibbs

free energy of formation becomes lower at temperatures above 1273 K, for CO2 from C. In case of CO

2

from CO, the G ibbs free energy of formation is always higher than Z nO.

(OR)

b) Describe the preparation of Potassium dichromate

Potassium dichromate is prepared from chromate ore.

The ore is concentrated by grav ity separation

i) Conv ersion of Chromate ore into Sodium chromate

4FeO.Cr2O

3 + 8Na

2CO

3 + 7O

2 o900 1000 C 8Na

2CrO

4 + 2Fe

2O

3 + 8CO

2

ii) Conv ersion of Sodium chromate into Sodium di chromate

2Na2CrO

4 + H

2SO

4 Na

2Cr

2O

7 + Na

2Cr

2O

7 + Na

2SO

4 + H

2O

iii) Conv ersion of Sodium di chromate into Potassium dichromate

Na2Cr

2O

7 + 2KCl K

2Cr

2O

7 + 2NaCl

35. a) i) AlCl3 is more stable where as TlCl

3 is highly unstable.Why?

Al+3 is more stable than Al+1 while Tl+1 is more stable than Tl+3. Aluminium(III)chloride is stable whereas

thallium(III)chloride is highly unstable and disproportionates to thallium(I) chloride and chlorine gas. This

shows that in thallium the stable lower oxidation state corresponds to the loss of np electrons only and

not ns electrons. Thus in heavier post-transition metals, the outer s electrons (ns) have a tendency to

remain inert and show reluctance to take part in the bonding, which is known as inert pair effect. This

effect is also observed in groups 14, 15 and 16.

ii) Explain the bonding nature in metal carbonyls.

In metal carbonyls, the bond between metal atom and the carbonyl ligand consists of two components.

The first component is an electron pair donation from the carbon atom of carbonyl ligand into a vacant

d-orbital of central metal atom. This electron pair donation forms M σ -bond CO bond sigma bond.

This sigma bond formation increases the electron density in metal d orbitals and makes the metal

electron rich.


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In order to compensate for this increased electron density, a filled metal d-orbital interacts with the

empty ✺ orbital on the carbonyl ligand and transfers the added electron density back to the ligand.

This second component is called p-back bonding.Thus in metal carbonyls, electron density moves from

ligand to metal through sigma bonding and from metal to ligand through pi bonding, this synergic effect

accounts for strong M CO bond in metal carbonyls.

This phenomenon is shown diagrammatically as follows.

(OR)

b) i) What is Nano catalysis? Giv e example.

Nanomaterial-based catalyst. Nanomaterial-based catalysts are usually heterogeneous catalysts

broken up into metal nanoparticles in order to enhance the catalytic process. Metal nanoparticles have

high surface area, which can increase catalytic activity. Nanoparticle catalysts can be easily separated

and recycled

Examples: include palladium, iron, gold, nickel and platinum nanoparticles.

ii) Explain ‘ f’ centers with a neat diagram.

when NaCl crystals are heated in the presence of sodium vapour, Na+ ions are formed and are

deposited on the surface of the crystal. Chloride ions (Cl-) diffuse to the surface from the lattice point

and combines with Na+ ion. The electron lost by the sodium vapour diffuse into the crystal lattice and

occupies the vacancy created by the Cl- ions. Such anionic vacancies which are occupied by unpaired

electrons are called F-centers.


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36. a)i) Deriv e integrated rate law for a first order reaction.


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ii) Outline the classification of point defects.

(OR)

b) i) Deriv e the relationship between pH and pOH.

ii) How solubility product is determined from molar solubility?

Solubility product can be calculated from the molar solubility i.e., the maximum number of moles of

solute that can be dissolved in one litre of the solution.


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37. a) i) Write note on Swern oxidation and Schotten-B aumann reaction.

Swern oxidation:

In this method, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as the oxidising agent, which converts alcohols to

ketones / aldehydes.

Schotten-B aumann reaction

ii) How will you prpare acetic anhydride and acetyl chloride from CH3COOH?

(OR)

b) i) Mention the biological importance of Lipids.

B iological importance of lipids

1. Lipids are the integral component of cell membrane. They are necessary of structural integrity of

the cell.

2. The main function of triglycerides in animals is as an energy reserve. They yield more

energy than carbohydrates and proteins.

3. They act as protective coating in aquatic organisms.

4. Lipids of connective tissue give protection to internal organs.

5. Lipids help in the absorption and transport of fat soluble vitamins.

6. They are essential for activation of enzymes such as lipases.

7. Lipids act as emulsifier in fat metabolism.


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CH3 - CH = C - CH

3 i) O

3 ii) Zn / H O

2 ?

CH3

ii) Write a note on TFM v alue.

Total fatty matter:(TFM)

The quality of a soap is described in terms of total fatty matter (TFM value).

It is defined as the total amount of fatty matter that can be separated from a sample after splitting with

mineral acids., Higher the TFM quantity in the soap better is its quality.

As per BIS standards, Grade-1 soaps should have 76% minimum TFM, while Grade-2 and 3 must

have 70 and 60% , minimum respectively. The other quality parameters are lather, moisture

content, mushiness, insoluble matter in alcohol etc..

38. a) i) The rate of formation of a dimer in a second order reaction is 7.5 x10-3 .mol L -1s -1 at

0.05 mol L-1 monomer concentration. Calculate the rate constant.

ii) Complete the reaction

(x) (y) CH3COCH

3 Mg-Hg /H O

2 ?

(x)

Y)


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b) An organic compound C3H

4(A) on hydration with Hg2+/H

2SO

4 gives compound(B) which

gives positive iodoform test.Compound (B) heated with NH2-NH

2/C

2H

5ONa to give hydrocarbon

(C). (B) also treated with HCHO in the presence of dil NaOH gives compound(D).Identify A,B,C

and D.Write the chemical reaction involved.

An organic compound C3H

4(A) is Propyne on hydration to give Compound (B) is Acetone

it is undergoes positive iodoform test.

Compound (B) heated with NH2-NH

2/C

2H

5ONa to give hydrocarbon (C)

Compound (B) also treated with HCHO in the presence of dil NaOH gives compound (D)

Compound - A Prop-1-yne

Compound - B Acetone

Compound - C Propane

Compound - D 4- Hydroxy butan-2-one.

@S.SHANMUGAM @

St.John’s M.H.S.S

porur Chennai -116

Mob: 9841945665

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jiyg;gpw;f fpno cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;j fotpy; ,izatk;! ) · 2/12/2020 · send your questions...

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