jm302 material technology.docx

8/14/2019 JM302 MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY.docx

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JM302 MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY( case study )

LECTURER: PN. KHAIRUL FAIZAH BT. SHAHRUDIN JKM)

No. Name of Group RegistrationNumber

1 AZLAN HADI BIN HAMIZI 15DEM12F10052 IKHWAN SHAQIMAN BIN ZAIMAL ABDIN 15DEM12F10073 YIP KHAI LEONG 15DEM12F10144 MOHD HAMIZUDIN BIN MOHD YUSOF 15DEM12F10195 AHMAD SALIHIN BIN AHMAD ZAMBRI 15DEM12F1020

PROGRAMME: Diploma In Mechatronics Engineering JKM)Class: DEM 3A

SESSION: JUNE 2012


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JM309 FLUID MECHANICS

Report ( BUOYANCY )

No. Name of Group RegistrationNumber

1 AZLAN HADI BIN HAMIZI 15DEM12F10052 IKHWAN SHAQIMAN BIN ZAIMAL ABDIN 15DEM12F1007

3 YIP KHAI LEONG 15DEM12F10144 MOHD HAMIZUDIN BIN MOHD YUSOF 15DEM12F10195 AHMAD SALIHIN BIN AHMAD ZAMBRI 15DEM12F10206 MUHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN BIN RUSLI 15DEM12F1003

CLASS : DEM 3A

PROGRAMME : ENGINEERNIG MECHATRONIC ( DEM)

LECTURER : PN. ALAWIYAH BINTI ABDULLAH

SESSION : JUNE 2012


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BUOYANCY INTRODUCTION

In science, buoyancy is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. In a columnof fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. Thus a column of fluid, or anobject submerged in the fluid, experiences greater pressure at the bottom of the column than at the top.

This difference in pressure results in a net force that tends to accelerate an object upwards. The magnitude of that forceis proportional to the difference in the pressure between the top and the bottom of the column.

This will explained by Archimedes' principle) is also equivalent to the weight of the fluid that would otherwiseoccupy the column, i.e. the displaced fluid. For this reason, an object whose density is greater than that of the fluid inwhich it is submerged tends to sink.

If the object is either less dense than the liquid or is shaped appropriately (as in a boat), the force can keep the objectafloat. This can occur only in a reference frame which either has a gravitational field or is accelerating due to a forceother than gravity defining a "downward" direction (that is, a non-inertial reference frame). In a situation of fluid statics,the net upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body.[1]

The center of buoyancy of an object is the centroid of the displaced volume of fluid.

Figure above show about the forces at work in buoyancy. Note that, because the object is floating, theupward force of buoyancy is equal to the downward force of gravity.

Archimedes' principle

Archimedes' principle is named after Archimedes of Syracuse, who first discovered this law in 212 B.C.[2]For more objects, floating and sunken, and in gases as well as liquids (i.e. a fluid), Archimedes' principlemay be stated thus in terms of forces:


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Any object, wholly or partially immersed in a fluid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluiddisplaced by the object.

Archimedes of Syracuse

with the clarifications that for a sunken object the volume of displaced fluid is the volume of the object, andfor a floating object on a liquid, the weight of the displaced liquid is the weight of the object.

More tersely: Buoyancy = weight of displaced fluid.

Archimedes' principle does not consider the surface tension (capillarity) acting on the body,[3] but thisadditional force modifies only the amount of fluid displaced, so the principle that Buoyancy = weight ofdisplaced fluid remains valid.

The weight of the displaced fluid is directly proportional to the volume of the displaced fluid (if thesurrounding fluid is of uniform density). In simple terms, the principle states that the buoyancy force on anobject is going to be equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, or the density of the fluidmultiplied by the submerged volume times the gravitational acceleration, g. Thus, among completelysubmerged objects with equal masses, objects with greater volume have greater buoyancy. This is alsoknown as upthrust. Buoyancy reduces the apparent weight of objects that have sunk completely to the seafloor. It is generally easier to lift an object up through the water than it is to pull it out of the water.

OBJECTIVE

a) To identified and analysis how buoyancy force can be work when put in water .b) To study about differ density by using things that are light and heavy .c) To study which two type of thing wiil sink and float

MATERIAL USED

a) Bottleb) Coinsc) Bottle cap

PROCEDURE :

1) First , prepare two bottle and cut into half part .

2) Second , pour the water into the bottle which is cut into half part.

3) Third ,prepare the coins and bottle cap .

4) Finally , throw the both material that are use into the bottle which is cut into half part .

5) At the results , we will know which material will sink and which material will float .

This experiment, we make one video about the buoyancy force , At the video which is prepare byus , show about how the buoyancy force can happen . If want to know about this experiment withclose .Please refer this video .


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DICUSSION

We have learned about the buoyancy force is relate with Archimedes principle . This easily toknow at the end of the experiment .

CONCLUSION

Finally , the end of this topic , we can learn about how buoyancy can happen in the water by usingthe material which is light and heavy .

REFERENCE

-https://www.google.com.my/

- http://www.youtube.com/

-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

jm302 material technology.docx

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