johannes gutenberg

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Johannes Gutenberg

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Gutenberg, Johann ( c.1397–1468, German inventor and printer, long credited with the invention of a method of printing from movable type, including the use of metal molds and alloys, a special press, and oil-based inks: a method that, with refinements and increased mechanization, remained the principal means of printing until the late 20th cent.

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Page 1: Johannes gutenberg

Johannes Gutenberg

Page 2: Johannes gutenberg

The purpose of work

• To familiarize with the Life and workers of a german inventor Johannes Gutenberg.

• To explain why is this person famous

Page 3: Johannes gutenberg

Early life of Gutenberg

• His real name is Johann Gensfleisch• GUTENBERG, JOHANN (c. 1398—1468), German printer, is supposed

to have been born 1398—1399 at Mainz of well-to-do parents, his father being Friele zum Gensfleisch and his mother Elsgen Wyrich

• Gutenberg enjoyed reading the manuscripts and block books • in 1438, Gutenberg began a business arrangement with Andreas

Dritzehn, who funded his experiments in printing.. • In 1434 – 1444 lived in Strasburg and tried to find a new way of

making books cheaply

Page 4: Johannes gutenberg

Gutenberg meets Fust• Gutenberg met a rich goldsmith and lawyer named Joahann Fust (or

Faust). • Fust became greatly interested and gave Gutenberg what money he

needed.• The business between them has begun.

Page 5: Johannes gutenberg

Gutenberg loses his business

• Fust, however, was losing patience. He quarreled with Gutenberg and said that he was doing nothing but spending money.

• At last he brought suit against him in the court, and the judge decided in favor of Fust. So everything in the world that Gutenberg had, even the tools with which he worked, came into Fust's possession.

Page 6: Johannes gutenberg

The Gutenberg Bible• Between 1450 and 1455, the Gutenberg Bible was completed. Early documentation

states that a total of 200 copies were scheduled to be printed on rag cotton linen paper, and 30 copies on velum animal skin. It is not known exactly how many copies were actually printed. Today, only 22 copies are known to exist, of which 7 are on velum.

• The Bible was in two volumes, each of which had three hundred pages, while each of the pages had forty-two lines. The letters were sharp and clear. They had been printed from movable types of metal. The news that books were being printed in Mainz went all over Europe. Before Gutenberg died, printing-presses like his were at work making books in all the great cities of the continent.

Page 7: Johannes gutenberg

The Gutenberg Bible in Mainz museum

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• The Gutenberg press with its wooden and later metal movable type printing brought down the price of printed materials and made such materials available for the masses

• It was there in 1440 that Johannes Gutenberg created his printing press, a hand press, in which ink was rolled over the raised surfaces of moveable hand-set block letters held within a wooden form and the form was then pressed against a sheet of paper.

• . It remained the standard until the 20th century.

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The mechanical printing - press

Page 10: Johannes gutenberg

• Gutenberg's technique of making movable type remains unclear. In the following decades, punches and copper matrices became standardized in the rapidly disseminating printing presses across Europe. Whether Gutenberg used this sophisticated technique or a somewhat primitive version has been the subject of considerable debate.

• The invention of the making of types with punch, matrix and mold has been widely attributed to Gutenberg. However, recent evidence suggests that Gutenberg's process was somewhat different. If he used the punch and matrix approach, all his letters should have been nearly identical, with some variations due to miscasting and inking. However, the type used in Gutenberg's earliest work shows other variations

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The Death of Gutenberg

• Johann Gutenberg died in Mainz, Germany in 1468. Ironically, the inventor of the most important invention in history never profited from his invention and died in poverty

• He was buried in a Franciscan church.• . Without his invention, the Protestant Reformation would

not have been possible.

Page 12: Johannes gutenberg

Memory

• Monuments were raised to Gutenberg in Mainz, Strasburg, Vienna and Frankfurt

• The Gutenberg Museum was opened in 1901.• In 1914 asteroid of Gutenberg was opened.

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Monuments to Gutenberg in Mainz and Strasburg

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The Johannes Gutenberg University

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References

• http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-history/gutenberg.html

• http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/gutenberg.html• http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/gutenberg.htm• http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/gutenberg-johann.

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