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BEAM Professional Training and Examination

23 July 2014

John A. Herbert

許約翰

BEAM Professional

Director BEAM Society Limited

Chairman Water Use, Technical Review Committee

Chairman BEAM Technical Review Panel

Water Use (WU)

Whilst every care has been taken preparing this biography, with links, organisations may have change the location, or remove material without prior notice; this document was reviewed and updated on 6 November 2013.

1. Guidelines For Drinking Water Quality, WHO, 2008 - link 2. ISO 5667 - part 5 Water Quality Sampling (Purchase) - link 3. GB 3838-83 Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water, PRC 4. WSD Fresh Water Plumbing Maintenance Guide, WSD - link 5. WSD ACQWS Paper No. 5. - Raw Water Quality Monitoring in Hong Kong - link 6. WSD ACQWS Paper No. 14 - Treated Effluent Reuse at Ngong Ping - link 7. WSD Annual Report, WSD - link 8. Hong Kong Waterworks Standards for Plumbing Installations in Buildings, WSD, Feb 2013 - link 9. Water Infrastructure. Water-Efficient Plumbing Fixtures Reduce Water Consumption and Wastewater Flows, USGAO. Report to

Congressional Requester, GA RCED-00-23, August 2000.- link 10. Sustainable retail premises: an environmental guide to design, refurbishment and management of retail premises, Prior (purchase) - link 11. APP-004 Water Supply and Wells (formerly PNAP 17) - link 12. APP-105 Water Seepage (formerly PNAP 230) - link 13. APP-099 Flushing Volume for Flushing Cisterns (formerly PNAP 220) - link 14. APP-006 Shops and Department Stores - Building (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulation

5 (formerly PNAP 41) - link 15. Greywater and Rainwater Systems: Recommended UK Requirements, 13034/1 Report, March 1997, BSRIA - link 16. The Building Services Research and Information Association, Final Report 13034/1, March 1997 17. Water and Energy Conservation of Rainwater Collection Systems on Building Roofs, Advances in Building Technology, Vol. 2. Elsevier.

2002. pp 1281-1288 by Yang H X, Chow W H, Burnett J. 18. Cap 102 - Waterworks Regulations - link 19. Cap 123 - Building Regulations - link 20. Cap 358 - Water Pollution Control Ordinance - link 21. Handbook on Plumbing Installation, WSD - link 22. Study On Green Roof Application In Hong Kong, ArchSD - link 23. Dongjiang Water Quality (April 2009 - March 2010) , Water Quality comparison with GB 3838-83, WSD - link 24. Quality Water Recognition Scheme for Buildings (QWRS), WSD - link 25. Voluntary Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme (WELS) , WSD - link 26. Code of Practice for Water-cooled Air Conditioning System, EMSD, Jan 2008 - link 27. Good Operation and Maintenance Practice of Fresh Water Cooling Towers for Air conditioning Systems, EMSD, Nov. 2011- link 28. Prevention of Legionnaires’ Disease Code of Practice, 2012, EMSD - link 29. Guidelines for Carbon Audit, 2010, EPD - link 30. WSD Circular Letters - link

bibliography

Water Use

WU Terminology

• POTABLE – drinking water fit for human consumption

• WELS – Water Efficiency Label Scheme

• Local Yield – Annual Rainfall

• Catchment – rainfall collecting area

• Greywater - waste water from showers for recycling

3

Water Use

Water Cycle (or Hydrological Cycle)

4

Water Use

Local Catchment Local Yield

6 mcm - million cubic metre

Water Use

Spot the difference

7

Water Use

Hong Kong Water History

1957 Salt water to Shek Kip Mei & Lei Cheng Estates

First in Hong Kong

8

Water Use


1960 Supply Agreement Shenzhen Reservoir

(Importing Water)

9

Water Use


1964

Severe Water Rationing

4 hours service, every 4 days

10

Water Use


1965 Dongjiang 68.2 mcm/year supply contract

(Imported)

11

Water Use


1973 Completion of Plover Cove Reservoir

12

Water Use


1982 Water Rationing ended

13

Water Use


1989 Dongjiang 1,100 mcm/pa supply contract

(imported)

(annual water use approx. 951 mcm 2007)

14

Water Use


1994 Buildings commissioned before 1994 used GI

(galvanised iron) water piping

15

Water Use


2002 Quality Water Recognition Scheme for

Buildings (QWRSB) by WSD

- Focus Potable Water http://www.wsd.gov.hk/en/customer_services_and_water_bills/application_for_licence_certificate/quality_water_recognition_scheme_for_buildings/index.html

16

Water Use


17

2003 Aquaduct commissioned

Covered supply to HK

Water Use


2013 July 2013, the Flushing Water Plumbing

Quality Maintenance Recognition Scheme by

WSD http://www.wsd.gov.hk/en/customer_services_and_water_bills/application_for_licence_certificate/fwpqmrs/index.html

18

Water Gathering

Grounds (HK)

Impounding

Reservoir

Water Treatment Works

Primary

Service

Reservoir

Service

Reservoir

To

Consumers Pumping

Station

Service

Reservoir

Pumping

Station

Consumers

Consumers

Raw Water

From Dongjiang

Water Service

Service Reservoir

Consumers

Consumers

Pumping

Station

Consumers

Consumers

Non-return

Valve

Sea

Level

Sea Wall

Sea Water Service

Promote through recognition

lower impacts, and

environmentally positive

features “green features” for

the whole lifecycle of the

built environment.

Intent of BEAM

realign how we use water,

redefining ‘waste’ in building

operations, and raising

awareness to ensure water

is respected as a precious

resource.

WU Intent

Water Use

BEAM Intent

• Recognise those organisations who

implement water and waste

conservation

• Lower Carbon CO2e Emissions

23

Water Use

BEAM Intent

• Raise awareness Water is a limited

and precious resource

• encourage GREEN features

24

Water Use

BEAM Intent

• Encourage water and waste water

Innovations

• Encourage use of 3rd party labelling

e.g. WELS

25

26

Construction, Operation, Maintenance of Buildings

require WATER

27

AHU AC Condensate

CREDIT: John Herbert

Water Use

BEAM Rating Tools

• Each rating tool (NB, EB, BI) targets water and effluent

conservation

• The criteria are similar, with some subtle differences

28

Green

Features

Water Use

Green Features

• Twin Water Tanks

– Periodic Inspection

– Periodic Cleaning

– No INTERUPTION

30

Water Use

Green Features

• Greywater ALTERNATE source

– Contains bacteria, detergents, phosphates, etc.

– water treatment

– End use capacity

31

Water Use

Green Features

• Rainwater Harvesting ALTERNATE source

– Alternate water source, make-up water for cooling

towers, irrigation, fountains, etc.

– Relieve pressure on Municipal Drainage system

32

Water Use

Green Features

• Green Roof

– Storage, relieving storm water pressure on Municipal

drainage system

– Microclimate, lower energy consumption

– Increase biodiversity

33 CREDIT: John Herbert CREDIT: John Herbert

Water Use

Green Features

• Labelling WELS

– WSD scheme

– Taps, Showers, Mixing taps

– Voluntary Label

– 1 = highest/best

– Refer to www.wsd.gov.hk

– On-going

34

http://www.wsd.gov.hk/

Water Use

Green Features

35 CREDIT: WSD

Water Use

Green Features

36 CREDIT: WSD

Water Use

Green Features

• High Tech Irrigation System

37 CREDIT: John Herbert

Water Use

Green Features

• Labelling QWRBS

• WSD scheme

• EB Maintenance

– Quality

– Water

– Recognition

– Scheme for

– Buildings

38

Water Use

Green Features

• No Plastic Water Bottles

– Approx. 60,000,000 pa

– Lower Carbon Emissions

– Less waste


Water Use

Green Features

• Mandatory - Cooling Tower blow down waste water from

cooling towers used for flushing water purposes


Water Use

Green Features

YOUR IDEA

HERE (Innovations)

41

New

Building

(NB)

Water Use

WU NB Weighting

43

WuP1 Water Quality Survey

Rationale

1. Provide quality Potable

water for all building

users

2. Proper Commissioning

3. Parameters shall be

QWRSB

Requirement

1. Water Sampling

2. Locations (all tanks and

farthest outlets in the

distribution system)

3. Schematic and layout

drawings c/w sample

points highlights

4. Method statements,

sample handling, etc.

5. Laboratory reports

Water Use

Test Parameters Same As WSD’s QWRSB

pH:

Colour:

Turbidity:

Conductivity:

Iron:

E. Coli:

Total Coliform:

6.5 - 9. 2

≦15

≦3

≦300

≦0.3

NIL

NIL

Water Use

WuP1 Common Mistakes

• Wrong Testing standard

– Incorrect parameters (not QWRSB)

– Incorrect laboratory (not HOKLAS for ecoli )

• Only Minimum Requirement

– One sample is the absolute minimum, for 1,000,000

sq ft. building is one enough?

• Missed water tanks, e.g. kitchens

• Missed Buildings

– Every building, including clubhouse

– Direct feed type systems not tested (refer intent)

48


Pipework not capped during construction, allows dirt

and debris to collect inside and contaminate the water

distribution system.

49 Source: WSD

WuP2 Water Saving Performance

Rationale

1. Conserve Water

2. Reduce sewer waste

3. Lower CO2

4. Minimize adverse

environmental impacts

Requirement

1. Summary Table

2. Flow rate calculation at

working pressure

3. Schematic and Layout

drawings

4. Catalogue/cut sheets

5. Use baseline data

provided in BEAM

manual

6. Records, Cx data,

delivery notes, site

photographs, etc.

Water Use


• 1. Operating Pressure

– Same LOW flow fittings declared (low flow taps,

showers, etc.) for every level, and based on incorrect

water pressure

• 2. Simulation Calculation

– Annual baseline incorrect, missing taps, showers, bath

tubs, cleaners sink, disabled WC, etc.

– baseline/project case comparison incorrect

– One tap type used throughout whole building

– WC and urinals included where manual says not to be

included

Water Use


• 3. Energy Estimate

– Energy based on mixed water flow rate, not 60% hot

water, and 40% cold

• 4. Alternate Authority

– Inadequate justification for source of alternative data

should be CIBSE guide, IOP manual, ASPE, etc.

Water Use

P = ρ g h

height (h)

tank

outlet

outlet

65.5 mpd

29.5 mpd

99.0 mpd


h bar flow rate

l/min

32.5 3.25 14 68.5 6.85 20

lower flow rate

description size (mm) flow unit

shower 9.5 l/min

kitchen sink pillar tap (pantry) 22 6 l/min

kitchen sink mixer tap (pantry) 22 6 l/min

pillar tap 15 6 l/min

mixer tap 15 9 l/min

bath pillar tap 22 15 l/min

bath mixer tap 22 15 l/min

bidet 15 5 l/min

Pre-rinse spray valves kitchen 15 7 l/min

WC 15 7 L/flush

WC hose spray 15 5 l/min

Urinal 15 4.5 L/flush

Washing machine (horz) 15 12.6 L/kg/cycle

Washing machine (vert) 15 22 L/kg/cycle

WU Baseline / default Flow Data

WuP2 Calculation format D

evic

e

du

rati

on

(s

eco

nd

s)

Dai

ly u

se p

er

occ

up

ant

Wo

rkin

g P

ress

ure

(b

ar)

water flow rate @ working pressure

daily consumption per person

(L/min) (L/min) (L) (L) Baseline Built Baseline Built

Tap 45 10.00 5.00 3.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 3.33 Tap 46 15.00 1.00 3.00 8.00 4.50 2.00 1.13 Tap 47 10.00 5.00 1.00 6.00 2.50 5.00 2.08 Tap 48 15.00 1.00 1.00 8.00 3.00 2.00 0.75 Tap 49 15.00 1.00 2.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

daily consumption per person 24.00 17.29

occupants 30.00 30.00

Operating days 365.00 365.00

annual consumption (litres) 262,800.00 189,325.50

annual consumption saved (litres) 73,474.50

percentage water saved 28%

Same for baseline

& built case

Wu1 Annual Water Use

Rationale

1. Encourage higher

performance than PR

Requirement

1. Same as WUP1

2. Reward higher

performance.

3. Annual water saving of

20%, 25% or 30% earns

1, 2, or 3 credits

respectively;

Water Use

Wu1 Annual Water Use

• WUPp2 and WU 1 have identical

requirements

• No need to duplicate calculations and

supporting documentation

• One submission covering both WuP2

and Wu1 is acceptable

58

Wu2 Monitoring and Control

Rationale

1. Water Seepage APP105

2. Early water leakage

detection to minimize

waste water

3. Encourage design

1. No embedded piping

2. Leakage from exposed

pipe is self evident

4. Coverage for ALL areas

inside building(s)

Requirement

1. Summary Table


drawings (water)


drawings (detection

system)

4. All Concealed piping

including: Meter rooms,

pipe ducts, risers, under

floor, plant rooms, etc.

5. Record, log book, BMS

output, photographs, etc.

Water Use

Wu2 Common Mistakes

• Coverage, Coverage, Coverage

– Detection system shall cover all concealed piping

including all plant rooms, ceiling voids, under raised

floors, pipe ducts, water meter rooms, risers, and all

other areas with concealed water pipework

– Underground piping is excluded from Assessment

– Exposed/surface mounted piping means any leakage

is self evident

Wu3 Water Efficient Irrigation

Rationale

1. Integrated planning

2. Assess and minimise


Requirement

Three Paths:

1. Irrigation system which

does not require

municipal water after

establishment period

2. Highly efficient irrigation

technology

3. Alternate Source

Greywater/Rainwater

harvesting installation

Water Use

Wu3 Common Mistakes

• Not enough project planning consider irrigation

• Path 2

– Time clock is not innovative irrigation control

– Poor planning, irrigation system covers part of the soft

landscape area

• Path 3

– Incorrect assumptions for water consumption and

percentage potable water saving

No Irrigation


Traditional Sprinkler (Leaking)


Wu4 Water Recycling

Rationale

1. Conserve potable Water,

use alternative source

2. Reuse water from

showers, washbasin,

condensate (not black

water)

Requirement

1. Greywater/Rainwater

harvesting installation

2. Calculations potable

water conservation


drawings

4. Catalogue/cut sheets

5. Records, log book,

meter readings, site

photographs

66

Rainwater Greywater

sewer

roof

wash

Water Use

Wu4 Common Mistakes

• Rainwater Harvesting

– Incorrect assessment of rainfall use HKO data

– Incorrect assessment formulae

– Inadequate storage tank capacity (at least 14 days,

but remember 28 consecutive dry days in Feb. 2011)

– Vertical Surface is not counted as collection surface

– Designer can choose any combination of collection

areas

– Any taps fed by untreated rainwater should be clearly

labelled, and where appropriate have their handles

removed to prevent children from drinking the water

• Greywater

– Not common

Wu5 Water Efficient Appliances

Rationale

1. Appliances are

dishwasher, washing

machine, etc. (not

taps/showers)

2. Reduce potable water

consumption

Requirement

1. Calculation (BEAM

Baseline data)


drawings

3. Appliance information

WELS label, catalogue,

and data sheet

4. Records, delivery notes,

site installation

photographs

Water Use

Wu5 Common Mistakes

– Incorrect application

– Fixtures (taps, showers, etc.) are NOT Appliances

– Most projects with Appliance used WELS grade 1

Wu6 Effluent Discharge

Rationale

1. Reduce impacts

resulting from sewerage

discharge to lower

burden for municipal

waste handling systems

by 20%

2. Harbour Area Treatment

Scheme (HATS)

Requirement

1. Summary Table


drawings

3. Calculation (only WC

and urinals considered)

4. Technical information

WELS label, catalogue,

and data sheet

5. Records, delivery notes,

As fitted drawings,

record photographs

Credit: John Herbert

Water Use


Urinal Sensor



Dual Flush WC

Water Use

Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS)

• HATS

72

Water Use


73 Credit: John Herbert

Flushing

Water

Leakage

Water Use

Wu6 Common Mistakes

• Incorrect Calculation

– Incorrect Male/female ratio calculation

Wu Innovation

Rationale

1. IA - Encourage new

solutions, techniques,

and or technologies that

meet the Intent of a

BEAM Innovation

2. PE - significant exemplar

performance

3. Difficult, not automatic,

subject to scrutiny

Requirement

1. Submission must include

Quantitative data for the

idea, with substantiation

for the claimed emission

reduction and or averted

impacts

Existing

Building

(EB)

Water Use

INDOOR

ENVIRONMENTAL

QUALITY

ENERGY USE

SITE ASPECT

WATER

15%

MATERIALS

ASPECTS

Category Weighting Wu EB

Water Use

Difference between NB and EB

Wu P1 Water Quality Survey

Wu P2 Minimum Water Saving Performance

Wu P3 Water Conservation Plan

Wu 1 Annual Water Use

Wu 2 Monitoring and Controls

Wu 3 Water Use for Irrigation

Wu 4 Water Recycling

Wu 5 Water Audit

Wu 6 Effluent Discharge to Foul Sewers

EB WuP3 Water Conservation Plan

Rationale

1. Promote continuous

development

2. Encourage active

management for water

resources

Requirement

1. List responsible person

2. Report

3. Director signature

Water Use

EBWuP3 Suggested Content

– Organization chart

– Communication channels (staff, building users, etc.)

– Water monitoring

– Water Consumption

– Action Schedule to reduce water consumption

– Quantification of water savings

– Prepared by an E&M engineer

– director endorsement

EB Wu5 Water Audit (BONUS CREDIT)

Rationale

1. Raise awareness

2. Encourage reduced

water consumption and

improved maintenance

Requirement

1. List Responsible person

2. Written Audit report

Water Use

EBWu5 Suggested Content

– Objective, reduction of all types of water consumption,

raising awareness

– Scope, Overview and detail of the scope of work,

including exclusions i.e. tenants areas

– Operations, Overview and details of the building

operation

– Maintenance, Overview and details of maintenance

activities, deferred maintenance

– Drawings, AS FITTED schematic and layout drawings

– Records, Inventory, records for all areas of water use,

regular monitoring, consumption, O&M, etc.

BEAM

Interiors

(BI)

Water Use

BEAM Interiors (BI)

• Designed for fitout renovation projects

– Lower Environmental Impacts

– Recognition

– Water Conservation

– Education

– Raise Awareness

85

Water Use

BEAM Plus Interiors (BI)

• Applications

– Offices

– Hotels

– Retail

– fit-out projects

– Related areas of Host building

86

Water Use

Wu BI

Wu 1 Water Quality Survey

Wu 2 Minimum Water Saving Performance

Wu 3 Reduced Effluent to Sewer

Wu 4 No Bottled Water

Water Use

BU Wu Summary

BI Wu1 Water Quality Survey

Rationale

1. Good Water Quality

2. Minimise demand for

plastic drinking bottles

Requirement

1. Similar to NB

BI Wu2 Water Saving Performance

Rationale

1. Minimize adverse


2. Encourage WELS

Requirement

1. Same As NB except 1

point for 30%, or 2 points

40% water saving

Duration - IR sensor

BI Wu3 Minimise Effluent Discharge

Rationale

1. Minimize adverse


Requirement

1. Similar to NB

BI Wu4 No Bottled Water

Rationale

1. Raise awareness

2. Reduce water bottle

usage

3. Reduce plastic waste

4. Encourage water coolers

with potable water

Requirement

1. List Responsible person

2. Layout plan with

equipment

3. Technical/cut sheets

4. Record photographs

93

Plastic Hong Kong Beach

Water Use

Strategies

1. Lower flow rate and or duration

2. Alternate source (rainwater)

3. Recycle (greywater)

4. Eliminate (design out)

Conservation

duration - IR sensor

lower flow rate

WSD WELS

Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme

lower flow rate

Dual Flush WC water tap c/w infrared sensor

Urinal c/w infrared sensor

Case Study: ICAC Headquarters

Water Use

Domestic Hot Water

• Water is wasted waiting for Hot Water to arrive at the

tap……..

– Central systems with large water volumes need short

dead leg > 300mm to prevent water waste

100

Water Use

Strategies





rainwater harvesting

25 54

82

175

305

456

377

432

328

101

38 27

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Rain

fall

(m

m)

Mean Monthly Rainfall Hong Kong 1981-2010

data: http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/normal/1981_2010/normals_e.htm#table2

http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/normal/1981_2010/normals_e.htm

(Water Treatment omitted for clarity)

Rainwater Harvesting

RAINFALL

DRAIN filter pump

filter

Rainwater

Storage

Tank

Water Use


• First Flush

– After long periods of dry weather debris, dirt, leaves,

etc. accumulate on the catchment area

– simulation calculation should include the ‘loss’ of

collect water (first flush loss) to reduce organic and

bacteria load

Month Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec total

Roof Area (sqm) 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900

Roof Factor (K) 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

rainfall (mm/hr/sqm) 24.7 54.4 82.2 174.7 304.7 456.1 376.5 432.2 327.6 100.9 37.6 26.8

days 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31

Duration (hours) 46 89 101 99 106 111 85 97 78 46 38 40

monthly rain (m/sqm/hr) 0.0247 0.0544 0.0822 0.1747 0.3047 0.4561 0.3765 0.4322 0.3276 0.1009 0.0376 0.0268

sub total (l/month) 1,278 5,447 9,340 19,457 36,335 56,955 36,003 47,164 28,747 5,222 1,607 1,206

First Flush Loss 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500

total (l/month) 778 4,947 8,840 18,957 35,835 56,455 35,503 46,664 28,247 4,722 1,107 706 242,762

grass area (sqm) 200 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0

requirement (l/sqm/d) 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0

irrigation demand (l) 43,400 39,200 43,400 42,000 43,400 42,000 43,400 43,400 42,000 43,400 42,000 43,400 511,000

Case Study – Rainwater Harvesting


Catchment coefficient (K)

Vegetation - 0.2

Flat roof with gravel layer - 0.5

Concrete/Ceramic Tiles - 0.75

Aluminium/Glass - 0.9


Collection Σ = A.K.R.D.E - F

Where:

A= area sqm

K = Catchment Coefficient

R = Rainfall HKO reference

D = Days per month

E = Efficiency (overall loss)

F = First flush loss

Dual flushing devices

Rainwater Harvesting system

Water Use


• Popular

• Not Innovation

• Relatively low cost

• Easy Implementation

• On-site treatment

• Local re-use

Water Use


• Applications:

–toilet flushing

–water feature make-up

–irrigation

–cooling tower make-up

Water Use


• Storage Capacity

–Hong Kong’s Winter season is

dry, up to 28 consecutive dry

days have been recorded.

–14 days storage

Water Use

Strategies





greywater

Water Use

Greywater

• Used Water Sources:

– Washbasins

– Sinks, except kitchen

– Showers

– Baths

– Washing machine rinse cycle

– Condensate from Air Condition systems

– Cooling Tower Blowdown

SEPARATE DUAL STACKS

Greywater

Water Use

Greywater

• Precautions/Considerations

– greywater may contain chlorine, sodium and

phosphorous from detergents

– Untreated greywater cant be stored due to bacteria

growth

– AVOID untreated direct application/human contact

Water Use

Greywater

• Potential Greywater Applications

– Toilet/Urinal flushing

– Irrigation

– Make-up for water feature

– Make-up for cooling tower

– Make-up water for Cleansing water

Actual standard depends on water end use

Water Use

Greywater Standard

• Water Treatment is typically required

• The ‘Standard’ depends on the actual APPLICATION

• The standard for treatment to provide potable water is

different to that use to provide irrigation or flushing water.

Water Use

Strategies

More design not less……





Green = good?


Traditional Sprinkler Leaking


Water Use

Landscaping Irrigation

Plan/Consider the environmental

impact:

–Watering demand

–Species selection (native)

–Irrigation System - Use alternate

Greywater / Rainwater water

–Fertilizer

–run off

Water Use

Consider Species

• drought tolerant tree species:

– Acacia baileyana (NSW provenance)

– Acacia melanoxylon (Victorian provenance)

– Casuarina cunninghamiana Brachychiton

acerifolia (Flame Tree very similar in

appearance to the Delonix regia in HK)

– Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Inland provenance)

– Eucalyptus citriodora Eucalyptus sideroxylon

(Inland provenance)

Subterranean

Irrigation


Water Use

Legionella Assessment & Prevention

• Legionella is a waterborne bacteria that

causes potentially fatal Legionnaires‘

disease, and flu-like illness called

Pontiac Fever

• Present in nature, in lakes, rivers,

stream, groundwater at low

concentrations

• Bypassing Municipal water treatment ,

given the right conditions, it can

proliferate in buildings, causing human

infection and disease.

• Refer Hong Kong Code of Practice and

ASHRAE Standard 130

Water Use

Examination

15% Framework + Innovation

25% SA Site Aspects

10% MA Materials Aspects

25% EU Energy Use

15% IEQ Indoor Environmental Quality

10% WU Water Use

Water Use

T +852 3610 5700

F +852 3996 9108

www.beamsociety.org.hk

1/F Jockey Club Environmental Building,

77 Tat Chee Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong

香港九龍塘達之路77號賽馬會環保樓1樓

132

For later questions, please email us:

[email protected]

Water Use

Keywords

• QWRS - Quality Water Recognition Scheme

• 優質食水認可計劃

• WELS - Water Efficiency Labelling Scheme 用水效益標籤計劃

• HATS - Harbour Area Treatment Scheme 淨化海港計劃

• Legionella 退伍軍人病桿菌

• Potable Water Storage Tanks 食水缸

• Rainwater Harvesting 雨水收集

• Flushing Water / Sea Water 沖廁水 / 海水

• Greywater Irrigation 污水灌溉

• Periodic Inspection 定期檢查

133

john a. herbert 許 約 翰 - beam society · john a. herbert 許 約 翰 beam ... (standards of...

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john a. herbert 許約翰 - beam society · john a. herbert 許約翰 beam ... (standards of...