jordan youth survey mar 2013 eng
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Jordan Youth Survey Universities, Community Colleges and High Schools
March 2013
1
Sample and fieldwork
• The Asian Football Development Project, commissioned ‘Strategies Policy Research’ to design, coordinate and analyze this survey. Fieldwork, data entry and analysis was conducted by Accurate Opinion for Public Opinion Measurement Co.
• Fieldwork was conducted between 8 and 14 December 2012, at select Jordanian universities, community colleges and high schools, throughout the Kingdom, among students ages 19-24 & 15-18 respectively.
• The margin of error for the survey does not exceed + 2.5 percent with a confidence level of 95 percent. • Figures in charts and tables may not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
2
Sample and fieldwork
• The fieldwork was conducted between 8 and 14 December 2012, at select Jordanian universities, community colleges and high schools, throughout the Kingdom, among students ages 19-24 & 15-18 respectively:
• 381 university students or 34.7% • 363 community college students 33.1% • 354 high school students 32.2%
• 10th grade 117, 11th 126, Tawjeehi 111
• 497 males or 45.3% • 601 females or 54.7%
3
Measuring Wellbeing
• 18% of youth sample are very happy, 44% are happy. • Almost one third or 31% don’t think or realize that everything in
their life is as it should be or there is a need that is not satisfied or it is simply the lack of knowledge of what makes one happy or unhappy.
• 7% are unhappy and believe that their life is not at all what it should be.
18%
44%
31%
4% 3%
Feel Good
Very Happy
Happy
Neither Nor
Unhappy
Very Unhappy
Base 1098
4
Measuring Wellbeing Almost half of the youth under study determine safety relationships like family and friends as sources of happiness and who seem to occupy the largest space in the life.
28%
20%
18%
15%
9%
4%
1%
6%
0% 20% 40%
Study Problems
Material Difficulties
Difficult Relationships
Family Problems
Discontentment
Transport
Political Conditions
Other
Unhappiness
27%
20%
13%
7%
12%
9%
4%
3%
5%
0% 20% 40%
Family/Parents
Friends/Relationships
University/College
School
Material Wellbeing
Contentment
Religiosity
Good Health
Other
Happiness
Multiple replies open-ended
5
Measuring Wellbeing
27%
15%
14%
10%
7%
6%
5%
2%
8%
7%
0% 20% 40%
Study and Educational Problems
Transport & Traffic
Family Problems
Difficult Relationships
Difficult Material Conditions
Behavior & Outlooks
Waking Up Early
Emotional Problems
Other
None
Daily Stress
Multiple replies open-ended
Almost one quarter of university and college students have problems with family and difficulties in engaging with peers and friends, lacking probably the necessary life skills.
6
22%
12%
14%
10%
15%
8%
3%
16%
0% 20% 40%
Curriculum & Teaching Methods
School Management & Teachers
Teacher -Student Relations
Student-Student Relations
Lack of Discipline & Chaos
Facilities
Other
None
Daily Stress
Measuring Wellbeing
Almost half of high-school students have grievances with regards to curriculum, teaching methods and teaching staff that cause them daily stress.
7
Measuring Education & Academic Choices
72% 54%
65% 57% 53% 52%
24% 30% 26%
28% 45%
32% 41% 46% 48%
75% 70% 74%
1% 3% 2% 1% 1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
PersonalDesire
ParentsDesire
Ease ofFinding a Job
Good Pay Social Status GraduationMark
Cost of Study FamilyBusiness
EasySpecialization
Yes No Not Sure
The question here is whether academic choice motivations is overwhelming or distracting university and college student choices from ‘real’ personal choices.
8
Base 744
50%
21%
12%
8%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Personal Desire
Graduation Mark
Parents Desire
Ease of Finding a Job
Good Pay
Social Status
Cost of Study
Easy Specialization
Other
Single Most Important Choice Motivation
Base 744
While one in two university/community college students mention ‘personal desire’ as the one single academic choice motivation, however other influencers play an equally important role.
9
Measuring Education & Academic Choices
One in two university/community college student are satisfied with academic choice, however only one in five is satisfied with environment.
52% 37%
5% 6%
Academic Satisfaction
Very Satisfied Somewhat Satisfied Little Satisfied Not at All Satisfied
22%
41%
18%
19%
University/College Environment
10
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
Base 744
While one in two university/college students expect the most important problem to face after graduating is finding a job, the perception is that the most important criteria for finding a job in the public sector is a combination of ‘unequal opportunity’ such as wasta, tribal origin, influence and wealth .
21% 26%
18% 17%
9%
2% 3%
0%
20%
40%
Merit Wasta Tribal Origin Influence Wealth Other NotSure/DK
Public Sector Jobs
11
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
While one in two university/college students expect the most important problem to face after graduating is finding a job, the perception is that the most important criteria for finding a job in the private sector is a combination of ‘unequal opportunity’ such as wasta, tribal origin, influence and wealth .
12
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
27% 25%
9% 9%
17%
2% 4%
0%
20%
40%
Merit Wasta Tribal Origin Influence Wealth Other Not Sure/DK
Private Sector Jobs
For high-school students the issues are different at an important juncture in their academic or career life when they make their choices as early as the 10th grade. • Only 2% of students in 10th grade have opted for vocational training
while 98% opted for an academic path. • As many as 87% of high-school students said they needed academic
counseling.
33% 26%
22%
9% 9%
0%
20%
40%
FamilyMembers
Father Mother Teacher Friend
Academic Counseling
13
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
Similar to university and college students, only one in four of high-school students said they were very satisfied with school environment, while only one third are very satisfied with teaching methods.
24%
52%
16%
8%
Satisfaction with School Environment
Very Satsfied Somewhat Satisfied Little Satisfied Not at All Satisfied
33%
54%
9%
19%
Satisfaction with Teaching Methods
14
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
Base 354
15
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
79% 71% 61% 50% 63% 53% 40%
20% 25% 32% 40%
31% 31%
35%
3% 3% 6% 9% 5% 12% 22% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1% 3% 3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
TeachersTreat Us with
Respect
TeachersAlways Offer
Help
Teachers AreModels forDedication
TeachersMethods
EncourageLearning
TeachersEncourage
Debate
TeacherEncourageCreativeThinking
TeachersPursue Rote
Learning
High school - Engagement with Teachers
Agree Somewhat Agree Do Not Agree Not At All
• 73% of high-school students consider the teacher to be a role model
• for treating them fairly and with respect, 26%, • for being there to help in study and life matters, 19%, • for his teaching method, 19%, • for his personality and good manners 16%, • for being a good listener, 3%, • for being successful in life, 3% • and finally for his religiosity, 2% among other traits.
• Teachers seem to be regarded as role models for their good qualities as teachers but not for their achievements or success in life. 16
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
• However, 41% (47% boys and 37% girls) have full trust in their teachers, 52% to some extent and 7% to little extent or have nor trust at all.
• 37% say they confide in them with very personal matters (40% boys and 35% girls) .
• And only 9% seek their advise for career or academic counseling.
The relationship with teachers as the findings exhibit is at best a confused and contradictory one.
17
Measuring Education & Academic Satisfaction
Measuring Engagement One in four university students approves of political engagement on campus. Similarly, only one in four credits student councils with the capability of offering solutions to students problems.
26%
71%
3%
Approve Political Engagement on Campus
Yes No Not Sure/ Don't Know
26%
64%
10%
Student Councils Can Solve Problems
18 Base 381
Measuring Engagement One in four university students approves of political engagement on campus. Similarly, only one in four credits student councils with the capability of offering solutions to students problems.
26% 71%
3%
Approve Political Engagement on Campus
Yes No Not Sure/ Don't Know34%
10%
7%
2%
34%
3%
8%
1%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Universities are for Study
Ignorance & Lack of PoliticalCulture
No Interest in Politics
Of No Value
Problems, Discrimination andViolence
Fear of Arrest or Repercussions
Other
Not Sure
Opposing Political Engagement at Universities
19 Base 381
Measuring Engagement • 8% ever took part in a campus fight • Motives for taking part: 32% solidarity with friends; 30% tribal
motives; 13% ‘girls’ and 11% intolerance & discrimination…
29%
23%
16% 15%
3% 3%
10%
0%
20%
40%
Girls & GenderRelations
Tribalism Lack ofAwareness
Racism &Intolerance
Free TimebetweenCourses
DiscriminationbetweenStudents
Other
Reasons For Campus Violence
20
Measuring Engagement
36%
14% 14%
5% 4% 5% 5% 2%
9% 5%
0%
20%
40%
RaiseAwareness
StudentDismissal
HarsherPunishment
GenderSegregation
AbolishExceptions
Fill Idleness IncreaseSecurity
NoSolutions
Other Don't Know
Solutions to Campus Violence
• 69% approve of temporary dismissal from university as a disciplinary action but 65% doubt enforcement,
• 42% approve of final dismissal but 67% doubt enforcement • 70% approve of forcing violating students to volunteer for NGOs
but again 69% doubt that it would be enforced.
21
Base 381
Measuring Career Aspirations and Outlooks In the event students would graduate and cannot find a job in their specialization after a period of time, would they accept any job opportunity whatsoever until such time that an opportunity in their specialization presents itself? And what would be an acceptable pay?
59% 26%
13% 3%
Job Opportunities Acceptance
Accept Any Job Until I Get a Job in My SpecializationAccept with Specific BenefitsRather Stay JoblessNot Sure
3%
55%
25%
4%
13%
0%
20%
40%
60%
> JOD 250 250 - 499 500 - 749 750 - 999 1000>
Level of Pay Acceptance
22 Base 1098
Base 280
Job appreciation
73%
49% 46% 45%
42%
31% 30% 27% 26%
20% 19% 19% 17%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Air Steward Factory Worker FastfoodDelivery Driver
Taxi Driver Valet ParkingDriver
HotelHousekeeping
Staff
ConstructionWorker
Bus Driver Waiter Messenger Gas StationWorker
Janitor Car Washer
Work Value & Perceptions MALE University Students
Yes replies
23
Measuring Career Aspirations and Outlooks
Base 334
Job appreciation
47%
36% 33%
28% 28% 26% 25% 25%
23% 20% 19% 18% 17% 17% 17%
15%
3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
FactoryWorker
Carpenter Car Mechanic Farmer Painter HotelHousekeeping
Staff
Cook Messenger ConstructionWorker
Butcher Tiler Gas StationWorker
Janitor Car Washer Waiter Plasterer Barman
Work Value & Perceptions MALE High-School Students
Yes replies
24
Measuring Career Aspirations and Outlooks
Base 163
Job appreciation
56%
48%
34%
26% 25% 24%
9% 5%
2% 0%
20%
40%
60%
Public SectorSecretary
Private SectorSecretary
AirStewardess
Saleswoman Nanny HotelReceptionist
FactorySeamstress
Waitress Cleaner
Work Value & Perceptions ALL FEMALE Students
Yes replies
25
Measuring Career Aspirations and Outlooks
Base 601
Measuring Leisure & Free Time Youth under study fill their free time in pursuing various types of activities, there is the question of vulnerability however, as well as the need to promote social cohesion, acceptance and life skills through more sports and volunteering.
88% 83% 79% 79%
73%
52% 51% 43%
35% 24%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
BrowseInternet
Music TV Chat/SocialMedia
Emails Video Games Sports Read Books Read Blogs Volunteering
Leisure and Free Time
26
Base 1098
Measuring Leisure & Free Time Youth under study fill their free time in pursuing various types of activities
46%
9% 8% 7% 7% 5% 5% 5% 3% 6%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Footbal Jogging Walking Basketball Fitness MMA Swimming Tennis Volleyball Other
Sports
Base 563
27
Measuring Leisure & Free Time Youth under study fill their free time in pursuing various types of activities
30%
22%
10% 9% 8% 4% 4% 4%
6%
0%
20%
40%
Drama Films Sports Culture Video Clips Documentary Religious News/Politics Other
Watching TV
Base 871
28
Measuring Leisure & Free Time Youth under study fill their free time in pursuing various types of activities
33% 28%
14% 12% 10%
4%
0%
20%
40%
Wrong Notionof Volunteering
Helping Others Charity &VolunteerSocieties
CollectDonations
CleaningCampaigns
Other
Volunteering
Base 266
29
Measuring Leisure & Free Time Youth under study fill their free time in pursuing various types of activities
29%
22% 20%
12%
6% 5% 6%
0%
20%
40%
Literature &Poetry
GeneralKnowledge
Religious Do NotRemember
Biography Romance Text Books
Reading
Base 469
30
Measuring Leisure & Free Time • Football remains one of the favorite sports news of which
youth closely follow. • 32% mentioned football, 11% basketball, 10% tennis, 6%
MMA, 6% swimming, 4% volleyball, 2% car racing and 2% running races among other. However 15% of females and 5% of males do not follow up any kind of sports.
• When probed, however, to mention the single most favorite sport football scored a mention of 66% , followed by MMA at 6%, swimming at 6% and basketball at 5% and tennis at 4%.
• 70% say sports facilities are not sufficient or available in their
town or city. • Only 35% believe that the Youth Higher Council and other
sports organizations support Jordanian sport and 26% say Jordanian sport is being supported sufficiently by the private sector.
•
31
Measuring Leisure & Free Time
Following up on sports through various media
46%
54%
Online
YESNO
37%
63%
YESNO
7%
93%
Radio
YESNO
95%
5%
TV
YESNO
5%
95%
Magazines
YESNO
Radio: Rotana FM 24%, Amman 20%, Hala 11%, Fann 7%, Hayat 6%, Ammen 6%, Sawt el Karak 6%, Sawt el Balad 6% Print media: Rai Riyadi 42%, Dustour Riyadi 27%, Al Ghad Tahaddi 25%, Arab el Yawm 5% TV: Al Jazeerah 52%, Jordan 16%, Abu Dhabi 7%, MBC 6% E-sites: Koora 43%, Jazeerah 11%, FB/Twitter 9%, Google 7%, YouTube 4%
32
Measuring Leisure & Free Time • 6% of youth under study are members in any sports clubs in
Jordan. • 30% attended a live sports event in a stadium or sports hall
during the last 12 months (overwhelmingly male).
21% 20% 13% 12%
7% 7% 5% 3% 3% 10%
0%
20%
40%
No time No Interest Not Worth It ParentsObject
No StadiumNear
NotAppropriate
for Girls
Traditions Congestion Rowdyism Other
Reasons for Not Attending Sports Events (70%)
33
Base 766
Measuring Leisure & Free Time However, there are constraints for females going to stadiums.
23%
16% 14% 10%
8% 7% 6% 5% 3% 10%
0%
20%
40%
Traditions MaleBeahviour /Harassment
ParentsDisapprove
MixedGender
Rowdyism Boys'Event Girls Don'tLike Sports
Congestion /Disturbances
No PlaceAssigned for
Females
Other
Constraints for Females Not to Attend Sports Events
34
Measuring Leisure & Free Time
Perceptions of Sports & Outlooks
• 82% agree that sports promotes competition, brings people together and strengthens cohesion
• 83% agree that sports strengthens relations between peoples and cultures
• 79% agree that sports could influence the public in such fashion that affects social cohesion and fabric
• 94% agree that irrespective of emotional outbreak and sports fanaticism, sports should remain protected from divisions, politics and exploitation
• 80% agree that sports negatively influences society because of football riots
• 96% agree that the solution to football riots is by enforcing rules and regulations upon rioters
35
Measuring References and Relationships 83% of youth have someone they confide in and is gender specific…
32% 27%
14% 9%
6% 5% 3% 2% 2% 2% 0%
20%
40%
MaleFriend
FemaleFriend
Mother Sister Cousin Brother Father Lover Husband/ Fiancee
Other
Person Youth Confides In
36 Base 1098
Measuring References and Relationships 94% of youth have someone they enjoy the company of and is also gender specific…
40% 36%
3% 4% 8%
2% 1% 2% 2% 2%
0%
20%
40%
MaleFirend
FemaleFriend
Mother Sister Cousin Brother Father Lover Husband/ Fiancee
Other
Person Youth Enjoys the Company Of
Base 1098 37
16%
10%
27%
8% 7% 5%
17%
1% 1% 3% 0.2% 2%
0%
20%
40%
MaleFriend
FemaleFriend
Mother Sister Cousin Brother Father Lover Husband/ Fiancee
Teacher Sheikh /Imam
Other
Person Youth Seek Advice and Guidance From
Base 1098
Measuring References and Relationships
90% of youth have someone they seek advice, and guidance from…
38
Measuring References and Relationships
Male youth relationship with father…
69%
13%
6%
3% 2% 1%
6%
Male Relationship with Father
A 'relationship of understanding most often’ A ‘relationship of respect which however lacks affection and warmth A ‘relationship that lacks understanding’ A 'relationship based on fear andblind abeyance‘There is no relationship to start with’
A 'relationship that is problematic at best’ Father is dead…
39
Base 497
Measuring References and Relationships
Youth relationship with male peers…
55%
20%
6%
2% 1%
16%
Relationship with Male Peers
A 'relationship of understanding most often’
A ‘relationship of respect which however lacks affection and warmth
A ‘relationship that lacks understanding’
A 'relationship based on mistrust andsuspicion'
A 'relationship that is problematic at best’
‘There is no relationship to start with’ Base 907 Overwhelmingly female replies
40
57% 19%
4%
3% 1%
14%
Relationship with Female Peers
A 'relationship of understanding most often’
A ‘relationship of respect which however lacks affection and warmth
A ‘relationship that lacks understanding’
A 'relationship based on mistrust andsuspicion'
A 'relationship that is problematic at best’
‘There is no relationship to start with’
Measuring References and Relationships
Youth relationship with female peers…
Overwhelmingly male replies
41
Base 842
Measuring References and Relationships Youth relationships with family…
Male and female youth hardly discuss with fathers emotional matters, males tend not discuss politics with mothers, both males and much less females open up to brothers on emotional or political matters, and finally males are quite reserved from talking with sisters in emotional, political or economic matters.
I discuss with my… Father Mother Brother Sister Matters relating to studies 58% 70%
64M/76F* 46%
34M/15F 53%
40M/64F
Matters relating to emotional relationships
16% 20 M/12F
49% 45M/52F
23% 34M/15F
42% 24M/58F
Matters relating to politics
58% 55M/61F
40% 30M/50F
33% 29M/37F
27% 15M/37F
Matters relating to family finances 72% 72%
65M/78F 45% 41%
28M/51F
Matters relating to religion 76% 85% 59% 63%
58M/67F
42
*Male/Female Replies
Measuring References and Relationships Youth and importance of relationships…
This shows clearly how much importance the youth attach to family, friends and safety and secure relationships. Politics plays a minor role in the life of youth while the importance of religion is probably an indicator of identity more than religious attachment.
Issues by level of importance …
Very Important Important Somewhat
Important Not
Important Not at All Important
Family 92% 6% 2% *% *%
Friends 66 27 6 1 *
Free time /leisure 39 33 17 9 2
Politics 13 19 22 29 16
Work 68 26 3 2 1
Religion 87 12 1 * *
Service to others 54 33 10 2 1
43
Measuring References and Relationships Youth and role models…
Youth, overwhelmingly identify father, mother or members of family as role models in their life, with friend, lecturer/teacher trailing behind. Interestingly, while religion constitutes the most important factor in their life, next to family, clergy and religious figures are hardly role models nor as we have seen earlier a source of guidance or inspiration.
33%
23%
10% 8%
4% 2% 7% 6%
2% 3% 4% 0%
20%
40%
Father Mother FamilyMember
Brother Sister Parents Lecturer /Teacher
Friends Clergy /Religious
Figure
None Other
Role Models
44
Measuring Welfare, Self and Outlooks Youth, self and society…
Always Sometimes Never Not Sure
I feel tranquil and safe 52% 44% 4% *%
I feel alienated from my environment 10 47 42 -
I feel alienated from my family 7 31 63 -
I feel alienated from my father [males only]
9 25 59 *
I feel alienated from what’s happening in my country
9 41 48 1
I feel at odds with others 6 49 45 -
I feel distressed and bored 21 66 14 -
I am optimistic about my future in general
55 38 7 * 45
Measuring Welfare, Self and Outlooks Youth, self and society…
How do I honestly feel about myself… %
I am a person that is easily swayed by others 14
I am an emotional person and get quickly agitated 33
I have a point of view on many issues and I can defend it 26
I have no point of view on many issues and I don’t care to have any 1
I learnt to think logically away from blindly imitating others 22
I just argue for the sake of argument and to attract attention 3
Not sure 1
One in two can fend for themselves in terms of having the right attitude, self-esteem and purpose. Another half has also the right attitude to judge oneself with all the limitations and acknowledgement of own personal deficits.
46
Youth, self and society…
The good news is that the majority of youth under study have no problem with anyone becoming their neighbor, however, a small minority has a problem with people who belong to other religions, expatriate labour/emigrants, those who are not from their origin and finally with those who are from a different race.
72%
9%
8%
8% 3%
Level of Acceptance
No problem with anyonebecoming neighbor
Problem with people whobelong to other religions
Problem with expatriatelabour/emigrants
Problem with those who arenot from same origin
Problem with people from adifferent race
47
Measuring Welfare, Self and Outlooks
Measuring Welfare, Self and Outlooks Youth, self and society…
Morally Not Acceptable
Morally Acceptable
Depends On Case
Honour Killings 81% 5% 14%
Beating children at school 82 6 12
Beating children at home 84 4 12
Beating wife 93 1 6
Beating sister 91 2 7
Beating women in general 93 1 6
Attacking teachers at schools 92 3 5
Attacking university lecturers 94 2 5
Attacking civil servants 95 1 4
Attacking doctors & medical staff 95 1 4
48
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity
YES … %
I believe there are rifts between rich and poor 68
I believe there are rifts between Christians and Muslims 38
I believe there are rifts between East Bank Jordanians and Jordanians of Palestinian origin
58
I believe there are rifts between residents of Amman West and Amman East
38
I believe there are rifts between Amman residents and the residents of the Governorates
53
Rifts are perceived to exist between rich and poor, Christians and Muslims, EastBank Jordanians and Jordanians of Palestinian origin, Amman West and East and Amman and the Governorates. 49
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity
Respondents were probed about their sense of belonging. They feel a sense of belonging to tribe, clan and family, first, Jordan second and Governorate of origin third.
Citizenship, identity and society
45%
10%
44%
Sense of Belonging
Tribe, family andclan - FIRSTGovernorate -THIRDJordan - SECOND
50
Base 1098
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity Citizenship, identity and society
57%
30%
12%
Sense of identity
I am a MuslimfirstI am a JordanianfirstI am an Arabfirst
Base 1098
51
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity
2%
5%
18%
42%
32%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Desperate, angry and lost patience withlife as it is
Not satisfied with life as it is
Neither nor satisfied
Satisfied
Very satisfied with life in Jordan as it is
Life satisfaction
Citizenship, identity and life in Jordan
52 Base 1098
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity Citizenship, identity and pride in country
71%
26%
1% 1% 1%
Very proud to beJordanianProud to beJordanianNot proud
Not sure/Don'tknowNot Jordanian
Base 1098
53
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity Citizenship, identity and pride in country
15% 12% 10% 10%
8% 5% 5% 4% 3% 7%
21%
0%
20%
40%
Jordan Saudi UAE US Palestine Japan Turkey Britain Germany None Other
A country that is near to what one wishes for and emulates
54
Base 1098
Measuring Social Rifts and Identity Most important goal in life
41%
15% 12% 8% 5% 5% 3% 11%
0%
25%
50%
Academicachievment
Preofessionallydustinguished
Marriage andfamily
Finding a job Materialwellbeing andsocial status
Success andhappines
Anentrepreneur
Other
55
Base 1098
Jordan Youth Survey
Project Management Asian Football Development Project
PO Box 3366 Amman 11181 Jordan Contact: Merissa Khurma
AFDP Board Member Cell: +962 798 228 811
Email: [email protected] www.weareasia.com
56 Public Policy Research. Social Marketing PO Box 811 580 Amman 11181 Jordan
Contact: Muin A Khoury + 962 777 750750
Email: [email protected] [email protected]
Project Design, Coordination and Analysis
PO Box 963440 Amman- Jordan Tel: +962 777 621547 Fax: +962 6 5159801
Email: [email protected]
Fieldwork, Data Entry & Analysis