joshua riley-graham: hurt brains don't think good
DESCRIPTION
Josh Riley-Graham describes some of the many fascinating ways brains can malfunction after trauma such as strokes and surgery.TRANSCRIPT
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Joshua Riley-Graham Hurt Brains
Don’t Think Good
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N E U R O L O G I C A L D I S O R D E R S A N D W H A T T H E Y T E L L U S A B O U T O U R S E L V E S !
HURT BRAINS DON’T THINK GOOD
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PHRENOLOGY
• Wrong, but not stupid!
• “Le bon Dieu est dans le detail”!
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THE NEW PHRENOLOGY
• Brains = modular !
• Dedicated bits for particular tasks!
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SPECIFIC DAMAGE, SPECIFIC PROBLEMS
• Can be very specific about where damage is in sensorimotor system!
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TWO SIDES
• Split brain patients !
• Hemispheres are isolated!
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TWO SIDES
• Each hemisphere only sees !one picture !
• “You shovel s**t with it” !
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VISION
• Seems like we just get a gestalt… !
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VISION
• Each one of those parts can fail individually and show the seams in the system!
• Fun test of this – adapt just one eye to darkness at a time !
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AKINETOPSIA
• Also called “motion blindness” !
• V5 area of visual cortex is damaged!
• Movement no longer exists !
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BLINDSIGHT
• Two pathways for vision!
• Patient has no conscious perception of sight, insists they are blind… !
• …but can guess where objects are and reach for them way, way above chance !
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VISUAL AGNOSIA
• Fine visual acuity, no recognition!
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VISUAL AGNOSIA
• Can be for living things, !non-living things, faces, !numbers… !
• Can be ridiculously specific! !
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NOT JUST A VISION THING
• Pure word-deafness !
• Hearing in general is fine !
• Reading, writing, speaking fine !
• No comprehension of speech whatsoever!
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HEMISPHERIC NEGLECT
• Half the world ceases to exist!
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HEMISPHERIC NEGLECT
• Bilateral Extinction!
• 1 + 1 = 1!
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ALIEN HAND SYNDROME
• Dr. Strangelove = not entirely fictional!
• Loss of conscious awareness and control over a limb, so it gets a “mind of its own” !
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KORSAKOFF’S SYNDROME
• Thiamine deficiency leads to memory problems leads to wild confabulation!
• “You wouldn’t believe how much that cost to have installed” !
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CAN’T STOP WON’T STOP
• Parkinson’s Disease = perseveration!
• Wisconsin Card Sort Task!
• PD patients can’t learn new rule !
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TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING
• Parkinson’s Disease = not enough dopamine being produced!
• Solution? Dopamine-producing drugs! !
• Problem? Compulsive gambling! !
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WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR?
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Joshua Riley-Graham
Thank You!