journal #1- what do you know about abraham lincoln? why do you think he is so revered by americans? ...
TRANSCRIPT
Journal #1-What do you know about Abraham Lincoln? Why do you think he is so revered by Americans?
HOMEWORK:Period 6: Chapter 20A due tomorrow.Period 7: Chapter 20A due in two classes.
DO NOW:
The First Battles of the Long Road Ahead
Civil War, Day 2
Americans expect a short war, but the two sides are unevenly matched.
What were some advantages of the North?◦ Disadvantages?
What were some advantages of the South?◦ Disadvantages?
Short War?
Each group member will be responsible for one battle.◦ Read the battle background information, then fill
out the sections of your graphic organizer.
Come back together and fill out the remainder of the organizer.
When complete, answer the “Early Civil War Battles Questions” together.
BATTLES ACTIVITY
Three months after Fort Sumter
Lincoln ordered an army of 30,000 inexperienced men to move toward Richmond.
Came upon the equally inexperienced Confederate Army at BULL RUN
The battle commenced◦ Went back and forth, Confederate
victory.◦ Union retreated to the capital◦ Confederates were too tired to
follow up their victory with an attack on D.C.
Battle of Bull Run
Confederates say, “Bull Run has secured our
independence!”
Many Southern soldiers went home, confident
the war was over.
Lincoln responded to the defeat by calling for the enlistment of 500,000 men-◦ Serve for three years instead of three months
Appointed General George McClellan◦ Set up camp near Washington◦ Drilled men◦ “The Army of the Potomac”
Union forces in the west began the fight for control of the .
Lincoln’s Response
Union invaded Tennessee, led by General Ulysses S. Grant
Grant:◦ Brave◦ Tough◦ Decisive◦ But, also a failure◦ Failed at all real attempts at
jobs.◦ “Unconditional Surrender”
Grant
Fort Henry and Donelson
In just 11 days, Grant and his army captured two Confederate forts
Fort Henry and Fort Donelson were strategically placed on two important rivers
Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers
One month after the Fort victories, Grant gathered troops near a small church: Shiloh.◦ Did not entrench men or set out guards, even though near the
Miss. River
Surprise attack! Confederates raid Grant◦ Many were shot making coffee, some still asleep.
Grant was determined…◦ Reorganized troops◦ Got reinforcements◦ Counterattacked the next day
Confederates retreated!
Shiloh
Taught both sides a strategic lesson.◦ Send out _____________.◦ Dig ________________.◦ Build fortifications.
Shiloh demonstrated the war was becoming a bloody slaughter.◦ Nearly 25,000 men were killed, wounded, or captured.
Showed the South and North that Union strategy to split the Confederacy was starting to work.
Grant continues to push towards the Mississippi
Union fleet of 40 ships approached Louisiana◦ N.O.- Confederates
largest city and busiest port
Union took over; took control of lower Mississippi
Almost achieved the goal of splitting the Confederacy in two.
New Orleans
Confederates won the second battle of Bull Run and moved toward Washington
A Union corporal find’s Lee’s army orders wrapped around cigars while exploring a Confederate campsite◦ Lee and Jackson are separated!
McClellan takes advantage and acts aggressively.
Antietam
Bloodiest single-day battle in American History◦ 26,000 casualties
McClellan could have ended the war right there!◦ Instead, he is too cautious and does nothing.
The battle was a standoff, but the Confederacy eventually retreated.
Lincoln fires McClellan.