journal topic. essential question: what are the main focal points for studying the cultures and...
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Essential Essential Question:Question:
What are the main focal What are the main focal points for studying the points for studying the
cultures and ancient cultures and ancient Greece and Rome?Greece and Rome?
At Your Desks…At Your Desks…• Copy Homework:–Read and take notes on pp. 198-201–Bring in 1st drafts on Thursday (with pencil, pen, highlighter)
• Read and take notes on pp. 106-113
Extra Credit Extra Credit AssignmentAssignment
• Read one of the following selections from the textbook and, in a 3 paragraph essay, discuss the speaker’s view of Greek culture and the Greek way of life
–The Funeral Speech of Pericles (pp. 180-188)– from The Apology (pp. 190-195)
The Heroic AgeThe Heroic Age• (Mycenaean Era)• Legends of Greek
mythology are “born”– King Minos
– Agamemnon (Trojan War)
• Development of early Greek culture
The Epic AgeThe Epic Age
• Iliad and Odyssey created
• Greek alphabet developed (alpha – beta)
• Beginnings of Greek arts
Political Political ContributionsContributions• City States (“polis”)– Ex. Sparta and Athens– Ruled by a king– Separate but shared common cultural bond – Called themselves Hellenes (descendants of
Hellen – ancestor of sole “flood” survivor – see The Deucalion, p. 64)
– Shared common social and religious institutions– Olympic Games established
Political Political Contributions Contributions (cont.)(cont.)• Athens and Sparta– Sparta – militarism, conservative
culture, oligarchy (power and rule in hands of a few) • living a Spartan lifestyle meant you were
sternly self- disciplined, rigorous, required little comforts or luxuries
– Athens – established democracy (rule by the people), emphasis on culture and comfort
Political Political Contributions Contributions (cont.)(cont.)• Pericles and the
Golden Age– ruled Athens for 30
years– “stressed middle
course between extremists”
– patron of the arts, literature, philosophy
• Built The Parthenon (temple of Athena)
Artistic Artistic ContributionsContributions• Lyric poetry Lyric poetry – Brief, intensely personal, Brief, intensely personal,
emotionalemotional– Poems often set to music (lyre) Poems often set to music (lyre)
[performance art][performance art]– Monody – poetry for a single Monody – poetry for a single
voicevoice– Choral – poetry for many voices Choral – poetry for many voices
(chorus)(chorus)
Artistic Artistic Contributions Contributions (cont.)(cont.)• Greek Drama – Athenian
playwrights: Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides
– The Tragedy consider questions involving:• human suffering• free will• moral responsibility• limits of knowledge
Contributions in Contributions in PhilosophyPhilosophy• Socrates (lover of
wisdom) • the Socratic
method– questioner
explores the implications of another’s position in order to stimulate thinking/illuminate ideas
Famous Quotes of Famous Quotes of SocratesSocrates
• As for me, all I know is that I know nothing. Beware the barrenness of a busy life.
• I am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing.
• From the deepest desires often come the deadliest hate.
• Let him that would move the world first move himself.
• Wisdom begins in wonder.
Contributions in Contributions in PhilosophyPhilosophy
• Plato (student of Socrates)
• Developed The Academy – (first institution
of higher learning)
The Grove of PlatoThe Grove of Plato
Famous Quotes of Famous Quotes of PlatoPlato
• Better a little which is well done, than a great deal imperfectly.
• Courage is knowing what not to fear. For a man to conquer himself is the first and noblest of all victories.
• Human behavior flows from three main sources: desire, emotion, and knowledge.
• He who commits injustice is ever made more wretched than he who suffers it.
Contributions in Contributions in PhilosophyPhilosophy• Aristotle (Plato’s
student) • Developed a
comprehensive system of philosophy (included logic, morality, science, etc)
• Wrote The Poetics, an analysis of the principles of tragedy
Famous Quotes of Famous Quotes of AristotleAristotle
• We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.
• You will never do anything in this world without courage. It is the greatest quality of the mind next to honor.
• I count him braver who overcomes his desires than him who conquers his enemies; for the hardest victory is over self.
• At his best, man is the noblest of all animals; separated from law and justice he is the worst.