journalism process in modern russia: to the problem of study and realization dmitry strovsky,...
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Journalism Process in Modern Russia: to the problem of
study and realization
Dmitry Strovsky,Faculty of Journalism
Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg)
Moscow Readings-2012
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To what extent journalism can be maintained in contemporary Russia
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Formation of the unique information environment
• Perception of the new self-identification which is not constrained by acceptable restrictions.
• The world in mass consciousness: «global information village».
Marshal McLuhan1911-1979
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How to identify journalism as one of priority types of mass communications
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Journalism and PR within mass information activities
Journalism:
all-round knowledge of life
Attention is centered around
social environment
in all variety of
its problems and
contradictions.
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Journalism:
Attention of the audience towards public but not corporate interests.
Fulfillment of this task:
through discussions being promoted by editorial staff but supported by the audience.
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The criteria defining quality of journalistic information:
• Fixation of socially significant facts;• Accuracy in using facts;;• Reliability of sources being used;• Existence of different views and thereby
shaping of a discursive process.
(McQuail D. (1994) Mass Communication and Public Interest: Towards Social Theory for Media Structure and Perfomance, pp 249-250 (in) D. Crowley and D. Mitchell (eds.) Communication Theory Today. London).
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Public relations:
• shaping of certain political, economic and other trends which favor actors initiating information.
• creation of positive, long-term links of between PR-actors and the audience.
Journalism: development
of civil interests when all subjects have equal access to discussion of questions.
Public Relations:corporate interests.
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Journalism: difficulties of existence in any society
• National specifics of development of social and political life;
• Traditions of media culture;
• Priorities of state politics
in the field of mass media. What opportunities
of functioning
journalism in Russia
?
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Media evolution as a reflection of the Russian political tradition
• Media dependence on the authorities;
• Absence of the private press during a long period of Russian history;
• Numerous censorship decrees;
• Absence of media law
Media subordination to the Russian powers: management function favoring the powers
Substitution of journalism by propaganda and PR initiated by bodies of the powers,.
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Political environment journalism was hardly
productive Weakness of a civic
society; Absence of dialogue
culture in Russian societyNon-respectability to
discussion as a main form of clearing truth.
REASONS
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Content tendencies of Russian media as antipodes of journalistic realization
What is
today?
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Power, society and media: evolution of the authoritarian relations
Despite general transformation
of the previous political system
and a withdrawal from the
former ideology, well familiar
analogs of political life appeared
steady.
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1. System of state control (formation of the administration vertical);
2. Aspiration
to power
centralization;
3. Restriction of political
activity of population.
• Dispersal of protest marches, organized by Moscow opposition.
• Federal laws of the Russian Federation:
«On modification of the Code of the Russian Federation about administrative offenses»;
«On meetings, demonstrations, processions and picketing»
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Continuity of a problem conditions for journalism in Russia.
Media tendencies:
1. Concentration of the media capital
to please to interests of the ruling power.
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3. Change of quality of information:
image and PR technologies emasculate the creative content of
Russian media.
2. Political partisanship of mass information
• death of the atomic submarine "Kursk" and river motor ship “Bulgaria” (2000 and 2011); • capture of hostages at the Moscow theater on Dubrovka and at school in Beslan (2002 and 2004);
• flooding of the town of Krymsk in Krasnodar Krai (2012).
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Manipulation influence from state structures interested in
achievement of narrow goals.
Impossibility of formation of a civic position of mass media.
Infringement of a journalistic profession in comparison with other types of
mass communication.
RESULTS
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Difficulties of development of journalism in today's Russia• historically based tradition of media
“statehood”;
• pluralism restrictions in the media sphere developed by the contemporary Russian powers;
• dominance of state interests in the media;
• lack of guarantees for journalists to have an access to information.
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Journalism responsibility before society looks rhetorical;
Inability of the Russian mass media to stimulate civic relations in society.
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Change of situation
• State Information politics;
• Fulfillment of the existing media law;
• Formation of the journalistic standards concerning essence of socially significant information (Union of Journalists of Russia);
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Unless it
does not come up in practice
journalism won’t become a highly respected profession in Russia
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Thanks for your attention
Dmitry L. Strovsky,Journalism Faculty, Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg, Russia),[email protected]