jra10 - spectroscopie de raze x cu detectori sdd … · detectori sdd (silicon drift detector) faza...
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JRA10 - Spectroscopie de raze X cu detectori SDD (Silicon Drift Detector)
Faza II- Prototip final de sistem de monitorizare si control al parametrilor de functionare a experimentului
SIDDHARTA
CORINT, EU-RO, Contract de Finantare Nr. 58/22.11.2004, Etapa 4
Mario Bragadireanu, IFIN-HH, DFPE14.06.2006
Hadron Physics I3 Activities in which IFIN-HH is participating
Development of time-of-flight systems under extremely demanding conditions: high charged-particle multiplicities, high local hit densities, physics observables based on rare processes. Development of the readout system: technological challenges to be dealt withare the large solid angle with an affordable number of readout channels and the associated front-end and digitization electronics.
“Advanced TOF detection systems”JRA12
Developments of new technologies based on Single Crystal Diamond detectors for high resolution, high-rate, high-multiplicity nuclear experiments.
“Novel radiation hard CVD-diamond detectors”JRA11
Development of a soft X-ray detection apparatus, based on large-area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD), with high energy resolution and high backgroundrejection. First application of the timing properties of SDDs in X-ray spectroscopy.
“Silicon drift detectors for X-rayspectroscopy”JRA10
Project to develop large area, high-granularity, low-mass, high-speed gas detectors with fully integrated low-power electronics. R&D in detector research, material science, low power, high-speed analog and digital electronics development, massive parallel computing.
“High speed gas detectors withintegrated electronics”JRA4
Experimental networking, aiming at creating a European research network to finalize the scientific case and the measurements to perform, with the planned Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at the new heavy ion facility at GSI.
“Compressed baryonic matter”N1
Short description and specific objectives of the activityDescriptive TitleActivity Number
Extracted from Annex I - “Description of Work”
IFIN-HH role in JRA10 - SIDDHARTA
Extracted from Annex I - “Description of Work”
Prototype setup•tests on existing chips using normal electronics•realization of DAQ and trigger systems•tests at Frascati
Digitization and data acquisition including hardware Infrastructures (power supplies, etc)•DAQ
•detector integration
CORINT, EU-RO, Contract de Finantare Nr. 58/22.11.2004
Contine activitati specifice N1, JRA4, JRA10, JRA11, JRA12
JRA10 are prevazute urmatoarele faze:
15.12.2006Realizarea prototipului final al sistemului de controale lente (slow controls+HV Controller)
III
15.06.2006
Realizarea prototipului final al sistemului de monitorizare si control al parametrilor de functionare a setup-ului SIDDHARTA
II
15.12.2005Realizarea prototipului final de SDD HV Controller I
Termen*)DenumireNr.
SIDDHARTASIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications
LNF- INFN, Frascati, ItalyPolitecnico, Milano, ItalyMPE, Garching, Germany
PNSensors, Munich, GermanyStefan Mayer Institut, Vienna, Austria
IFIN – HH, Bucharest, Romania
Spokesman C. Guaraldo LNF INFN
Basics of the Siddharta physics
The scientific aim
the determination of the isospin dependent KN scattering lengths through a
~ eV measurement ~ eV measurement
of the shiftof the shiftand
of the width of the Kα line of kaonic hydrogen
and
the first (similar) measurementfirst (similar) measurement of kaonic deuterium
DAΦNE Exotic Atoms Research
Exotic atom: incident negatively particle (miuon, pion, kaon, antiproton) stopped in a target and captured into a high atomic Bohr orbit replacing one of the outer electrons
Atomic cascade: successive deexcitation processes through the atomic states with smaller n
The hadron is absorbed by the nucleus through the strong interaction
Shifting (ε) of the energy of the lowest atomic level from its purely electromagnetic values
Reduces the lifetime of the state so the X-ray transitions to this final atomic level are broadened (Γ)
The hadron-proton strong interaction measured quantities are , ε and Γ, the shift and the width of the lower state (n) X-ray transition
ε
Γ
s p d f
Kα ∼ 6.2 keV= ΔE2p→1s
E1s}
E2p
n
43
2
1
Kβ
Kaonic Hydrogen
- -
- -
-
-
3 2 -
K p
K
1
K p K p
3 2 -1
K d K dd
ε Γ a
ε
i+ =2α μ =(412 eV fm )×a
2
i+ =2α μ =(601 eV fm )×aΓ a
2
Scattering lengths
“Observable” scattering lengths: Deser-Trueman relation
KN isospin dependent scattering lengths:
-
-
- -
K p
(0)N kK d
N k
(0)
K p K n
0 1
0 1
1a = ( + )
2m +m
a =2 a + Cm +m /2
1 1a = (a +a )=
a
( +3
a
)2 4
a a
⎛ ⎞⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠
Measurement of kaonic hydrogen x-ray spectrum (Physical Review Letters 2005)
Kaonic Hydrogen Todayw
idth
Γ 1s
[eV
]
KpX
-500 50000
200
400
600
800
1000
shift ε1s [eV]
Dav
ies e
t al,
1979
Izyc
kiet
al,
1980
Bird
et a
l, 19
83
repulsive attractiveKpX (KEK)M. Iwasaki et al, 1997
ε=
-323
±63
±11
eV
Γ=
407
±20
8 ±
100
eV
DEAR
The best measurementperformed on KaonicHydrogen up to now
SIDDHARTA
The choice of the detector
X-ray detector, which preserves all good features of the CCD
large active areaquantum efficiencyenergy resolution linearity and stability
+ Trigger capability (fast shaping times – 1μs) for background
rejection
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
A (cm-2)
FW
HM
(eV
)
SDD PIN Si(Li) 150 K 5.9 keV line
PIN Tsh=20us
Si(Li) Tsh=20us
SDD Tsh=1us
Spectroscopic resolution: detector comparison
FWHMmeasat monoenergetic line 5.9 keV, 1cm2 detector at 150 K
SDDFWHM=140eV τshap =1μsSi(Li)FWHM=180eV τshap =15μsPIN diodeFWHM=750eV τshap =20μsCCD FWHM=140eV τframe=1s
n
n+
p+ -Vcc
p+
The Semiconductor Drift Detector
AnodeThe electrons are collected by the small anode,characterized by a low output capacitance.
Advantages: very high energy resolution at fast shaping times, due to the small anode capacitance, independent of the active area of the detector
Entrance window
ANODE
The Silicon Drift Detector with on-chip JFET
JFET integrated on the detector• capacitive ‘matching’: Cgate = Cdetector• minimization of the parasitic capacitances• reduction of the microphonic noise• simple solution for the connection detector-electronics in monolithic arrays of several units
The integrated JFET
Detector produced at Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
Quantum efficiency of a 280 μm thick SDD 55Fe spectrum measured with a SDD (5 mm2) at –10°C with 0.5 μs shaping time
Silicon Drift Detector performances
SDD layout – readout side
sensitive area
3 x 100 mm²
chip size: 34 x 14 mm²
integrated temperature sensors
Spectroscopy test• SIDDHARTA SDDs ● temperature & shaping time scan
Spectroscopy test• SIDDHARTA SDDs ● T = -60 °C, τ = 1 µsec
w4
0/
s01
w4
5/
s03
w4
9/
s01
140,00
350,00
175,00
615,00
680,00
848,
00
235,
0013
5,00
478,
00
TheThe SIDDHARTA Setup SIDDHARTA Setup
SIDDHARTA Meeting 3 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
beam pipe
vacuumchamber
feed-throughs forSDD electronics
port forSDD cooling
target cooling
SDD chip andpre-amplifierelectronics
target cell
lead table
place for SDDsupply voltage devices
The SIDDHARTA SetupThe SIDDHARTA Setup
TheThe SIDDHARTA Setup SIDDHARTA Setup
SIDDHARTA Meeting 5 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
TheThe CryogenicCryogenic TargetTarget CellCell
SIDDHARTA Meeting 7 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
APD 2-stage cryo coolerwith 8 watt @ 20K
Cryogenic target cell75 µm Kapton within a pure aluminum gridPmax. ~ 5 bar
DEAR Exp.25K & 2 Bar(ρ~2.1 g/l)
SDDSDD--subunitsubunit
SIDDHARTA Meeting 15 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
TheThe CryogenicCryogenic TargetTarget CellCell
SIDDHARTA Meeting 11 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
SDDSDD--subunitsubunit
SIDDHARTA Meeting 18 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ
beam pipe
vacuumchamber (P2)
feed-throughs forSDD electronics
ports for (T2,T3)SDD cooling
Target feed+ cooling
SDD chip andpre-amplifierElectronics(T4....T12 + more (?) )
target cell(T1,P1, leak detector)
lead table
Variables to be measured and/or controlled in time
SIDDHARTA Slow Monitor and Control (Prototype)
PC
NI P
CI-
8336
100 m fiber optic• 132 Mbytes/s peak• 78 Mbytes/s sustained
NI PXI-1042Q chassis
PXI-8336 PXI-4351 PXI-6289
•SDD temperature (AI+ Isource)(PT100 sensors)
•Switch Control Box (DIO)•Flammable Gas Detector (DIO)•Isolation Vacuum (AI)•Target Gas Pressure (AI)
4 free PXI slots
Lakeshore 331Temperature
Controller
488.2
•Target Temperature (AI)•Heater (AO)
PXI-GPIB
Monitoring Software: - developed using LabView 7.1 FDS
Other features:-automatic e-mailing & SMS;-Web publishing
Other hardware used for the test
• 1 x Balzers TPG300 Pressure Controller
• 1 x Balzers IKR-050 Cold Cathode Gauge - up to 2x10-9 (air)
• 1 x CRYOTIGER® cooling system (70-295 Kelvin)
• 5x PT100 temperature sensors (100 ohms at 0 °C and 138.4 ohms at 100 °C)
• 1x Thermistor – SCB-68 onboard cold-junction compensation sensor
Conclusions
• The SIDDHARTA Slow Controls and Monitoring System was designed using commercially available DAQ Cards from National Instruments.
• The design is very flexible and gives a lot of free “room”for potential upgrades of the system
• The prototype was assembled and tested successfully at LNF-INFN (Italy) together with a software programme developed using LabView 7.1