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Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 366
OPTIMAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI FRICTION PLATES USING CREO AND FEA PACKAGE Pulavarthi Krishram Raju1, P. Siva Subramanyam2, K. N. D. Malleswara Rao3
1Post Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam. 2Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam. 3Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam.
ABSTRACT: Clutch is one of the essential components in automobiles. It is located between the engine and the gear box. The main
function of the clutch is to initiate the motion or increase the velocity of the vehicle by transferring kinetic energy from the flywheel.
Multiplate clutch is one of the important parts in the power transmission systems. Good design of clutch provides better system
performance. Multiplate clutch is widely used in racing cars and heavy duty vehicles, which have space limitations and require high
torque transmission. In this paper a pressure plate of multiplate clutch has been designed by using empirical formulae. This work
depicts a solid modelling of pressure plate with CREO package that is employed for varied automotive applications. The structural
analysis of clutch plate is done over different materials. The analysis is carried out on FEA package to get the foremost appropriate
material for pressure plate of clutch. From the analyzed results, stress, strain and total deformation values were compared for all the
three materials and the best one was taken out and the best material with good model will suggest to the company.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Raju PK, Subramanyam PS, Rao KNDM. Optimal design and strength analysis of a wheel hub by using
different materials. J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res. 2015; 1(4):366-372, DOI: 10.14260/jtasr/2015/51.
INTRODUCTION:
Introduction to Clutch: Transmission is the mechanism
which is used to transfer the power developed by engine to the
wheels of an automobile. The transmission system of an
automobile includes clutch, gear box, propeller shaft axle and
wheels, etc. Description of various types of clutches and gear
boxes has been given in the following sections of this unit. The
term ‘Transmission’ is used for a device, which is located
between clutch and propeller shaft.
A clutch is that part of engine, which engages or
disengages power from the engine crankshaft to transmission.
Clutch is a machine member used to connect the driving shaft
to a driven shaft, so that the driven shaft may be started or
stopped at will without stopping the driving shaft. A clutch
thus provides an interruptible connection between two
rotating shafts and allow a high inertia load to be stated with a
small power.
Fig. 1: Clutch Plates
Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None.
Submission 15-12-2015, Peer Review 17-12-2015 Acceptance 22-12-2015, Published 26-12-2015. Corresponding Author: Pulavarthi Krishram Raju,
S/o. Prabhudasu, 1-59,
Nagapuram (v), Dosapasu (Post),
Krishna.
E-mail: [email protected] DOI:10.14260/jtasr/2015/51.
Principle of Clutch: It operates on the principle of friction.
When two surfaces are brought in contact and are held against
each other due to friction between them, they can be used to
transmit power. If one is rotated, then the other also rotates.
One surface is connected to engine and other to the
transmission system of automobile. Thus, clutch is nothing but
a combination of two friction surfaces.
Fig. 2: Position of Friction Plate
Main Parts of Clutch:
a) Driving member,
b) Driven member.
Driving Member: Driving member has a flywheel, which is
mounted on the engine crankshaft. A disc is bolted to flywheel,
which is known as pressure plate or driving disc.
Driven Member: The driven member is a disc called clutch
plate. This plate can slide freely to and fro on the clutch shaft.
The operating member consists of a pedal or lever, which can
be pressed to disengage the driving and driven plate. There are
several types of clutch plates available, which are divided into
external and internal tooth and the most commonly used
materials for the clutch plates are steel and for friction
material cerametallic or like material, which is named as
Kevlar and it is a composite material.
KEYWORDS: ANSYS, Creo, Friction Plate, FEA Package.
Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 367
As in brakes a wide range of clutches are in use, wherein
they vary in their working principle as well the method of
actuation and application of normal forces. The discussion
here will be limited to mechanical type friction clutches or
more specifically to the plate or disc clutches also known as
axial clutches. Clutch plate is part of series of discs inside of a
transmission. The clutch plate is round and has a friction
sensitive surface that allows it to grip. It sits next to the fly
wheel, which is connected to the drive shaft permanently. That
means the flywheel immediately starts to spin as soon as the
engine is turned on and the motor turns the crankshaft. When
this happens in a manual transmission, the clutch must be
disengaged. That is it is pulled back from the flywheel, so it can
spin without engaging the wheels.
TWO WHEELER CLUTCH PLATES:
Clutch Friction Disc 2-wheeler: Two Wheeler clutch friction
disc also called as friction lining is made up of a splined round
metal part plate covered with friction material (lining). The
splines in center of the clutch disc mash with splines on the
input shaft of manual transmission. This makes the input shaft
and disc turn together. However, the disc is free to slide back
and forth in the shaft.
Clutch Friction Disc Cork and Paper Base: Cork base clutch
is made up of heat resistant non-asbestos cork and fibers.
Grooves are cut into friction material to aid cooling and
releasing clutch disc. In 4 wheeler clutches, the rivets are used
to hold the friction material to both sides of the metal body of
the disc.
Paper base clutch friction disc is made up of heat-resistant
cellulose based material molded together. Cellulose is used to
prolong life of the clutch and provide more torsional strength.
Paper clutch friction disc has more life than cork base friction
materials as it possess:
More heat resistant property.
Low wear and tear characteristics.
High endurance.
At MK we make clutch as required by our customers with
meeting international standards in any design and with any
friction material technology.
Fig. 3: Two Wheeler Clutch Plates
CLASSIFICATION OF CLUTCHES
Friction Clutch:
a. Single plate clutch,
Fig. 4: Single Plate Clutch
b. Multi-plate clutch, (Multi-plate clutch can be either wet
or dry. A wet clutch is operated in an oil batch, whereas
a dry clutch does not use oil.)
Fig. 5: Multi Plate Clutch
Cone Clutch:
Fig. 6: Cone Clutch
Centrifugal Clutch:
Fig. 7: Centrifugal Clutch
Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 368
Semi-Centrifugal Clutch.
Fig. 8: Semi Centrifugal Clutch
Hydraulic Clutch:
Fig. 9: Hydraulic Clutch
Vacuum Clutch:
Fig. 10: Vacuum Clutch
Electromagnetic Clutch:
Fig. 11: Electromagnetic Clutch
MODELLING OF FRICTION PLATE USING CREO:
Fig. 12: Actual Model
Fig. 13: Optimized Models 1
Fig. 14: Optimized Model 2
ANALYSIS USING FEA PACKAGE
Fig. 15: Meshed Actual Model
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J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 369
Fig. 16: Meshed Model 1
Fig. 17: Meshed Models 2
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Actual Model
a) Cork
Fig. 18: Total Deformation
Fig. 19: Stress Intensity
b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal
Fig. 20: Total Deformation
Fig. 21: Stress Intensity
c) Impregnated Asbestos
Fig. 22: Total Deformation
Fig. 23: Stress Intensity
OPTIMIZED MODEL 1
Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 370
a) Cork
Fig. 24: Total Deformation
Fig. 25: Stress Intensity
b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal
Fig. 26: Total Deformation
Fig. 27: Stress Intensity
c) Impregnated Asbestos
Fig. 28: Total Deformation
Fig. 29: Stress Intensity
OPTIMIZED MODEL 2
a) Cork
Fig. 30: Total Deformation
Fig. 31: Stress Intensity
b) Carbon–Graphite Powdered Metal
Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 371
Fig. 32: Total Deformation
Fig. 33: Stress Intensity
c) Impregnated Asbestos
Fig. 34: Total Deformation
Fig. 35: Stress Intensity
COMPARISON OF RESULTS
Results of Actual Model
Sl. No.
Material Stress
Intensity Total
Deformation
1 Cork .014108 .382E-03
2 Carbon-graphite
powdered .012005 .108E-06
3 Impregnated asbestos .014529 .101E-03
Table 1: Actual Model Results
Results of Optimized Model 1
Sl. No.
Material Stress
Intensity Total
Deformation
1 Cork .012072 .373E-03
2 Carbon-graphite
powdered .010921 .101E-06
3 Impregnated asbestos .010978 .0986E-06
Table 2: Optimized Model 1 Results
Results of Optimized Model 2
Sl. No.
Material Stress
Intensity Total
Deformation 1 Cork .019755 .512E-03
2 Carbon-graphite
powdered .016167 .142E-06
3 Impregnated asbestos .017177 .134E-05
Table 3: Optimized Model 2 Results
CONCLUSION: The total project consists of a design and
analysis of different friction clutch plates using different
materials. For the modelling and analysis, we used creo-2.0
and ANSYS package (FEA package). After the comparison of
results we conclude that,
Considering the criteria of the models
The stress intensity and deformation values are little
better for optimized model-1 compares to actual and
optimized model-2.
And also by considering the criteria of the materials used
we observed that
Carbon graphite powdered material got the good results
compared to other two materials.
So we suggest the companies that by using composite
alloy materials with optimal designed models the life time of
the multiple clutch plates may increase.
Future Scope:
We may reduce the thickness of the friction lining
material of the multiple clutch plates.
We may reduce the weight of the plate by using composite
alloy materials.
REFERENCES:
1. Design and Analysis of clutch using Sintered Iron as a
Friction Material by Mamta G Pawar, Monarch K
Warambhe, Gautam R Jodh.
2. International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), ISSN: 2278-3075,
Volume-3, Issue-7, December 2013.
Jtasr.com Case Study
J. Technological Advances and Scientific Res./ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 372
3. Jaya Kishore S, Lava Kumar M. “Structural Analysis of
Multi-Plate Clutch.” International Journal of Computer
Trends and Technology (IJCTT) – volume 4 Issue 7–July
2013.
4. Dynamic Analysis of Single Plate Friction Clutch by
Shrikant V Bhoyar. Dr. GD Mehta, Dr. JP Modak.
International Journal of Engineering Research and
Technology, ISSN: 2278-0181.
5. Jaya Kishor S, Lava Kumar M ― Structural Analysis of
Multi-Plate Clutch―(IJCTT) – volume 4 Issue 7–July 2013
ISSN: 2231-2803.
6. Static Structural Analysis of Multiplate Clutch with
Different Friction Materials by Anil Jadhav, Gauri Salvi,
Santosh Ukamnal, Prof. P. Baskar. International Journal
of Engineering Research and Technology, ISSN: 2278-
0181.
7. Sankar L, Srinivasan R, Viswanathan P, et al. ―Comparison
study of al-fly ash composites in automobile clutch plates,
International Journal of Emerging trends in Engineering
and Development, Issue 3, Vol. 3 (May 2013), ISSN 2249-
6149.
8. Thermo‐mechanical Analysis of the Dry Clutches under
Different Boundary Conditions by Abdullaha OI,
Schlattmanna, Al‐Shabibi AM.
Vol. 36, No.2 (2014);172‐180, Tribology in Industry.
9. Modelling and assembly of single plate friction clutch of an
automobile by Prafull S Thakare, Vishal J Deshbhratar and
Abhinav P Ninawe. Indian Streams Research Journal,
Volume: II, Issue: II, March – 2012.