judaism exodus: moses and the ten commandments. abraham before abraham—many gods (polytheism)...
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JudaismExodus: Moses and the Ten
Commandments
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Abraham• Before Abraham—many
gods (polytheism)• Lived in Mesopotamia,
traveled with wife, Sarah, to present day Israel
• God commands him to kill his son, Isaac
• Abraham is stopped at last minute, it was a test of faith by God
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Moses and the Nile-Israelites ruled by Egyptians—told to kill all first born-Moses found in basket in the Nile—found and adopted by Pharaoh’s daughter raised as a Prince of Egypt
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The Burning Bush
-God speaks to Moses through a burning bush
-tells him to lead his people out of Egypt
-gives him staff to prove who he is, threaten the Pharaoh
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Return to Egypt
-Moses goes to the Pharaoh with brother, Aaron
-Pharaoh treats Israelites even worse
-to prove point, staff turns into snake
-threatens many plagues
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Nile turned to blood (1)
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Plague of Frogs (2)
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Plagues of Lice and Flies (3-4)
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Plagues of Death of Cattle, Sores, and Hail (5-7)
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Locusts and Darkness (8-9)
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The Night of Passover
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Night of Passover (Tenth Plague) • Moses tells Pharaoh that
every first born of Egypt will be killed
• Israelites are told to mark their doors with lamb’s blood –will make the angel of death “Passover” their homes
• Thousands of Egyptians die—Pharaoh releases the Israelites
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Parting the Red
Sea
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Crossing the Red Sea• After releasing them,
the Pharaoh is angry and goes after them with army
• Israelites trapped next to the Red Sea
• Moses uses his staff to part the waters
• Israelites cross—Egyptians are slowed and then drowned
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The Ten Commandments
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Ten Commandments
• After 3 months they camp at Mt. Sinai
• Moses goes up and gets them from God
• Two stone tablets• He stay up there for 40
days getting instructions
• No Gods before me• No idols• No lord’s name in vain• Sabbath• Honor Parents• No murder• No stealing • No adultery• No lying• No jealousy
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The Golden Calf-while on Mt. Sinai, followers are scared
-Aaron leads them in making a golden calf idol—no no
-God wanted to destroy them—Moses comes down, smashes the tablets and destroys idol
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Western Wall
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Western Wall• King David moves the ark
(contains the 10 Commandments) to Jerusalem
• King Solomon builds a huge temple on Mt. Zion
• Temple was destroyed several times—only part left is the outer wall
• Many write notes and prayers to stuff in cracks of the wall
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Beliefs and Observances
• Monotheistic• Chosen People —not
better, just the ones to receive the message
• Messiah—believe he has yet to come, will be a descendent of King David, bring peace to the world
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Beliefs and Observances Cont.• Prayer—3 times a day,
prayer in communities• Charity—give 10-15% to
the needy• keeping kosher—certain
types of meat and don’t mix blood and dairy
• Sabbath—time of rest and worship, Friday evening to Saturday evening, special meals,
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Rites of Passage• Circumcision—done
when baby is 8 days old
• Bar/Bat Mitzvah—celebration of childhood to adulthood, lots of study, party after
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Rites Cont. • Marriage—public ceremony, marriage contract, under a canopy—chupah, smash a glass under foot
• Death—burial quickly, simple coffins, 7 days of mourning in homes