ASSOCIATION OF SOCIETIES FOR GROWNG AUSTRALIAN PUNTS

RAINFOREST STUDY GROUP

NEWSLETTER NO. 27 JANUARY 1995 Group Leader lSSN 0729-541 3 DAVID JENKINSON

676 COMBOYNE RD Annual Subscription $5 BYABARRA 2446

THE RELENTLESS PRESSURE ON RAINFORESTS CONTINUES AND THEIR ABILITY TO RECOVER IS BECOMING AN

INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ISSUE NAN 6 HUGH NICHOLSON - FROM THE INTRODUCTION TO'AUSTR L I A N RAINFOREST PLANTS I V AND A REALLY GREAT 1995 TO YOU ALL ! ! THE YEAR D I D START WELL HERE AT 'BOOYONG', ON THE ~ R D DAY WE HAD 10% INCHES OF RAIN - THOU M ND YOU A COUP- LE OF DAYS LATER WE DISCOVERED A B I G DAM DEVELOPED A TUNNEL I N THE WAL I T LO m %,o~o GALS A 011,

HAS BEEN HARD WORKJ AND I S ONE OF THE REASONS FOR A U T E k/f. THE FIRST DAYS OF THE YE R HAS ::E:t::Nf34' EOLIAGE ON THE TREES MORE THAN THAT REQUIRED 1 0 R E P U E THE PlASSIYf LEhF FALL LAST YEAR ?ONLY A TOTAL OF 2k OF RAIN; LESS THAN HALF OF NORMAL) AND FOR THE 816 ~OOYOIIGS AND AMAR IHDS PARTICULARLY~IO LOOK AS THO H THEY HAD NEVER BEEN COMPLETELY DEFOLIATIED, 1 AM GENUINELY ASTON I SHED AT THE REMARKABLE RECOV- ERY OF OUR AND TRUST THAT EACH OF YOU HAS A SIMILAR REJUVENATION OF YOUR GARDEN OR BUSHUND.

I IITRODUCING OUR NEU HERBERS CHARLES E ME ST PU GURU TOWNSVIL KENNETH IIcELYL~?~~F~oYLE r ( ~ kouw

SEED BANK UPDATE PATRICK BENNETT ADVI ES THE FOLLOW HANGES TO s ED AVA LABLE o MEMB AS, (AFTER ~ELUCTANTLY RETU~HING FROM e j L $ R I O U S SPELL AT fi ORDER ~ N G E S k !F ,Tbo~T IoNs : - BARRY ~ R A N Z J B A w i O S M(THYJ FEARLESS LE DER ' 'on4:- AWYA SAL lC FOLlA, CAPPARJ S A BOREAJ ORROCALLIS WIC HAM1 1 J ! ANDOREA PANDO ANA. f LlNDERSlA XAN- TH~XYLA " 44Ka : - ALP i N I A ~BERULEA,-~RI?Y U_NE ~~-ngg~~~;-CcI_r?gms lAAAUSTAAL1 s, IERNA~~~I I A B I VALV I s MALLOTUS PHI LLI PENSI S,

THE N S W WIlDFLOWER FESTIVAL TO BE HEUI 12 TH AND 1 3 ~ ~ 'AUGUST 1995 NEEDS OUR GROUP TO PARTICIPATE

HE RFSG HAS A A N EEN INVITED TO SET UP A D ISPLAY j AND I F WE CAN DO SO2 WE SHOULD LET THE ORGAN1 SERj DULC IE JUDDEE, KNOW d~b. 7 CANNOT BE DIRECTLY INVOLVED DUE TO OTHER COMMITMENTSJ B T AM AB fl b5 T y 9 6 T AS A L IA ISON

PERSON n IF ANYONE I S ABLE TO JE INVOLVED I N THE D I S P U Y J COULD YOU CONTACT ULC l E ( 2 1 ) AND ALSO LET ME KNOW OF YOUR PARTICIPATION ,

A S G A P's BIENNIAL COtlFEREMCE AT FALLARAT I N SEPTEMBER ALSO INVITED THE GROUP TO DISPLAY ANYONE GOING DOWN THERE WHO WOULD BE PREPARED TO ARRANGE A DISPLAY ON H EVENING 2 6 ~ ~ SEPT ? AGAIN) COULD YOU LET ME KNOW SO THAT I CAN TRY AND OBTAIN SOME SUITABLE MATERIAL* SEAF MEHBERS WOUU HAVE RECEIVED THE 4 PAGE BROCHURE WITH FULL DETAILS OF THE SHINDIG AND ASSOCIATED DOINGS,

SYDNEY MEMBERS : WE NEED A VOLUNTEER TO HOST A GET-TOGETHER .THIS COULD BE AT SOMEONES HOME, OR AN OUTING/TOU F A INTEROETING PLACE(S), I?OULD ANYONE WHO WOULD LIKE

TO SET UP THIS .~ETING CONTACT JEREMY TRAHAIR AT I ? 5 50 k , HE MENTIONED THAT THERE WAS A GOOD TURNUP AT THE AUGUST MEETING THOUGH ONLY A FEW LET THEM KNOW B E F P A N D *

THE A I M OF THESE NEWSLETTERS I S TO BE INFORMATIVE ENTERTAINING AND THOUGHT - PROVOKING I T SEEMS THAT ALL -3 OF THE OBJECTIVES ARE BEING ACHIEVEDj JUDGING BY RFCENT LEIYEUS. JOHN ENGLISH SAID "THEY REALLY APPRECIATE THE STYLE OF THE NJL" AND COMMENTS THAT EVEN IN THE 60s AND 70s, ANY CONSERVATION INITIAT- IVES WERE OFTEN KNOCKED BACK BY STATE (NSW) COUNCIL^ DAVID THOMAS "IS ENCOURAGED TO KNOW T AT OTHERS 1 ARE STILL OWING RF PLA TS ENTHUSARSTICALLY~ AND THE N/I'AT PUCES CAN BRI MG ON A H E A ~ T Y LAUGH, EEP UP THE

ALAN !ATLEY IS DISQU~TED BY SOME OF THE 'POLITICAL' STYLE CORMENTS AND DOESN'T REALLY :iiy k t l ~ i l ' ; U R G E AMOUNT OF NON-ROTAHICAL COELMIT.

YEARS THOUGH,

ADDITIONAL MEMBERS WHO ARE PREPARED TO GUIDE OR DIRECT OTHER R F ENTHUSIASTS OUR APPRECIATION TO THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE WHO ARE HAPPY TO ASSIST OTHERS WHO MAY BE NEW TO THE AREA.

PHIL PARSONS DELORAINE TAS 003 681154 OWEN SNEDDON PORT YJ~UARIE MS'J 065 821734 ROB BUCK TAREE NSU 065 525647 STEVE TORNQU I ST TERME I L NSW 044 571068 (THOUGH

TOM HENSHALL MILTON NSW 044 552252 STEVE IS THERE ONLY FOR OCCASIONAL WEEKENDS)

THERE MUST BE MA Y OTHER MEMBERS WHO WOULD BE PREPARED TO DIRE FELLOW MEMBERS TO WORTHWHILE PLACES ? THERE 56 HAVE BEEN ONLY 4Y WHO HAVE PUT THEIR NAME FORWARD> AND AB UT WHO DO NOT FEEL CONFlDEN A B n n SUGGESTING LOCATIONS 0 WHO A 0 ERCOMNITTED I N OTHER ACTIV IT IES. ?HERE ARE S T I L L ABOUT ANOTHER 1 SUBSCRIBERSJ AND AFTER ALLJ 1 JUST R ~ G H ~ GET THE OPPORTUNITY TO GET AROUND AGAIN AT SOME FUTURE TIME> AND WOULD APPRECIATE . GETTING DIRECTIONS TO PLEASANT SPOTSJ AW) NOT ONLY RAINFORESTS,

- 2 - PROUr!D THF STATES WITH S G A P A SELECTION OF ITEMS OF RELEVANT INTEREST TAQMANI N REGION'S N/L * OF DEC 1994 INCLUDES AN ALARMIN SUMMARY DESCRIBED AS 'BEWARE - PLANT KILL- A ER BY OR, J WYTHEI AND OP AN INSPECTION OF A SITE NEAR 1 1 NGSTON AS TO ITS SUITABI L TY FOR SALVAGE OF PLA TS PRIOR TO su DI I SI ON, THE SITE WAS FOUND TO BE SEVERELY INFECTED WITH THE DISEASE b HYTOPHORA CINN- AMOFll ?CINNAMON FUNG sB. THEY flENTJ N THAT BU ERS F THE BLOCKS WILL HAVE B I D PROBLEMS FOR GARDEN CULTIVhTION P I N THE FUTURE. --- YHEY CONTINUE .. HITDPDRA #OOT ROT ALSO KNOWN 8, CJNNAFON FUNGUS I S A VERY SERIOUS P U N T D I S E A S T H A T DESTROYS MANY OF OUR NATIVE P AtdTS, T AFFECTS OVER 1 0 SPEC1 E S WORLD-WIDE, INCLUDING SOME OF O m HORTICULTURAL CROPS AND GARD EN PLANT . \ l i E DISEASE I S CAUSED BY A M l R S OPlC FUNGUSj P . C INNAMOM1 , THAT L IVES I N THE SOIL AND iN PLANT ROOTS. PT 1 S THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM 8 .flhSIA AND WAS MOST 1 KELY INTRODUCU) T o SOUTHERN Rusr. RY EUROPEIN SETTLERS. + . , THE FUNGUS lNFECTS AND ROTS THE ROOTS OF PLANTS. k I N C t PLANTS TAKE UP NUTRIENTS AND WATER THROUGH THEIR ROOTS) ANY ROOT DAMAGE WILL AFFECT THEIR GROWTH AND SURVIVAL, PEOPLE HAVE DRAMTICALLY INCREASED THE SPREAD OF THE FUNGUS BY MOVING NFECTED SO1 L J GRAVEL AND PLANT H A T E R I U . CHANGING SOIL DRAINAGE PATTERNS MAY ALSO HELP PREAD THE DISEASE, , , , I T CAN BE TRANSFERRED I N MUD ON THE UNDERBODIES AND WHEELS OF CARS AND w c n l N E R Y . BN "ORE REMOTE AREAS MUDDY BUSHWALKING GEnR SUCH As r w PEGS,

4 AITERS, BOOTS, TOILET TRWELS HELP TRANSFER THE DISEASE, HE FUNGUS RARELY ATTACKS ALL SUSCEPTIBLE PLANTS IN AN AREA AT THE ONE TIME, OFTEN PLANTS ARE SEEN IN VARIOUS

STAGES OF Y l M G c , IF PLANTS ARE ALL AT THE SAME ST GE OF DECAY THERE I S QUITE LIKELY ANOTHER REASON FOR THEIR DND I T l ON YE G , HATER-LOGG I NG, DROUGHT OR SAL I N I TY?.

f H E ACTIVE DI S ASE, W l T t i BRO ISH- ED COLOURS OF OY lNG PLANTSj I S OFTEN THE MOST BY10 S SIGN THAT AN AREA I S rNFEcTED H b HY PnoRn oo-rToT. 7°F s Y w r o N s VARY F R m P u T T o P U N T , F . G . BANKsIA LEAVES SLOWLY ERASS ~ R E E S ~ ! A N T H O R R ~ E A SPP.! COL APSE DRAMATICALLY AND E~UCALYPTS DIE BACK SLOWLY FROM THE BRANCH ??p;ELh%wI\ms, BUTTON GRASS PLAINS AND DRY t -ucALYPT FORESTS ARE THE MOST VULNERABLE PLANT cot4MuNITIEs. A FBORATORY TEST IS NEEDED FOR A COHFIDENT DIAGVOSIS, , HYTOPHTHORA IS SCATTERED THR UGHOUT TASMANIA AND I s SPREADING, GARDEN PLANTS AND SOME HORTICULTURAL ? T C LIGHT OF THESE S~?'TO~BFG~~B~PK!?~S F I h A h i ~ !usil -----

WE AS &Ip [EMBERP HAgE A RESPON 8bs8hf81n fim F o A SA E s URCE E .G. Abbkb@~-NURSERIES. (INFORMATION FROM TASMANIAN PARKS 8 ~ILDLIFE SERVICE) " En, APOLOGIES FOR THE MIS-SPELLING, IT

AS WELL As THE REST OF OUR COUNTRY, PHYTUHTHORA !

CANBERRA'S SEPT, '94 JOURNAL ALSO HAS AN ITEM ON PHYTOPHTHORA WITH A BIT MORE DETAIL, ESPECIALLY ON PREVENT- T I V E MEASURES AND #O WE CAN ALL HELP TO REDUCE ITS SPREAD,

ANOTHER SUBJECT i s ;INVIRONMENTAL WE DS; w~os PR BL PI ARE THEY? THAT COVERS - WHAT IS A WEED?, ENVIRON- MENTAL T E D S , WHOSE WE43 1 8 IT?, AND k HAT CAN f W?. &E OF THE MOST IMPORATAM POINTS MADE 1 s UNDER I E HEAPING WHOS- WEED I S I T , WOND RING HO WE CAN BLAME S THAT W CAN G T SOMETHING DONE ABOUT I T , P F I RsTLy LET S TRY THE EmhL ~OUNCIL. THE ETATE b V T , OR EVEN THE T D E R I L LVT. THE ADVANTAGE OF THJ S APPROACH I S THAT BY THE TIME WE F I N I S H ARSUING ABOUT OWHERSHIP AND RESPONSIBIL lTYj THE WEEDS WrLL HAVE TAKEN OVER THE

USHLAND AND THE PROBLEM WiLL BE SOLVED; THERE WILL BE NO MORE BUSHLAND AREA TO ARGUE ABOUT, HE OTHER APPROACH I S FOR T E WHOLE COMMUNITY TO ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PRESERVATION AND REHARILITATION 7 OF THESE COWUN!TY ASSETS, YE ENVIROWMFNTAL WEED PROBLEM WOULD B l M I N l S H SUBSTANTIALLY I F WE COULD SIMPLY

REDIRECT THE ENERGY ANDmE H SlASM FROM ARGUING ABOUT OWNERSHIP AND R SPON I I L I T Y I N T CONTROL AND BUSHLAND REGENERATION, 7 HIS ITEM WAS ALSO ORIGINALLY SOURCED IN AS. i / @ , o F SEPT 99&? THOSE OF US WHO ARE AtSO INTERESTED I N NATIVE GRASSES WOUUl AP R IATE THE COUPLE OF PAGES ' WHY ACT GRASS- u ~ o s NEED A SAVIOUR AND COMMENTING THAT VICTORIA HAS LOST 95.gf OF I s OR INAL ASSLANDS AND GRASSY WOODUNDSjAND I T THOUGHT THAT OTHER STATES LO ES WOULD BE SIMILAR, THE ~ t ? HAS g! REMAINING SITES, ALL I N a sao STATE, OF 218 PLANT SPECIES IDEMT~FIED IN OF THESE LOCATIONS, 4 1 HERE EXOTIC SPECIES.

(ED, A CURREN AIRS COMMENT ONLY s WEEK DESCRIBED GRASS NDS AS BE I NG EVEN MORE THREATENED THAN R F, WITH A MERE 1hr& HA REMAINING I N sY.J( USTj FROM AN ORIGINAL Y M I LL ION HA AT SETTLEMENT OR OCCUPATI ON o )

"NATIVE PLANT T H ~ ns N/L OF SEPT. '94 INCLUDES AN ITEM BY IAN COX TITLED "FUEL REDUCTION B U R ~ S AND MANAGE- ir M NT OF ~ U S H REAS L IST ING SOME OF THE W INTS MADE BY SPEAKERS A 7 THE SEMINAR ON F l RE HELD I N UYDNEY , OF THE 24 COMMENTS, MY OPINION OF THE MOST BASIC ARE THAT - FIRE (WITH UUTI ) IS PROBABLY THE BEST METHOD OF

R T FUEL REDUCTION BUT I T MUST BE TEMPERED BY AN UNDERSTAN I N 6 OF ECOLOGY, ROUBLE I S THAT NOT ENOUGH I S KNOWN ABOUT THE RESPONSE OF MOST PMNT SPECIES TO FIRE, AINFORESTS SHOULD NOT BE USED AS FIRE CONTROL BOUNDAR-

, , , , , PI ~ O S P O R U R ON THE EDGES OF: BUSH ARE BENEFICIAL o FIRE RISK AND WILL PROVIDE A WEED BARRIER, , , , , IREFIGHTERS SHOULD HAVE SOME DASlC- ECOLOGICAL TRAINING. ONSERVATIONISTS WOULD BENEFIT FROM SOME FIREFIGHT- FES

*ING TRAINIMG, E

ALL i N ALL, h MOST THOUGHT PROVOKING AND INTERESTING SLM'IARY OF ASPECTS TO BE CONSIDERED,

ATIONS: AND I N $HALL BACKYARR WOPETIOIS, REALLY CAREFUL STERILISATION I S NOT NECESSARY. OSS CONCLUDES d SURP SIMG NUMBER OF SP IES WILL

E c T m , RETAINING UP To I b L m v E s ( IF wp R nH LENGTH7 I\

I 6 CUTTI GS STRIK BEFORE THE MORE NOR LL J DOMM SIZES. REA. EfDRMll A, A N I S I A ERICJFDLIA R . 6 1 ~ ~ ANDLES.

QUEENSLAND'S BULLETIN OF SEPT' '94 HAS, AS MUCH OF INT RESET TO R'FERS. UNDER "LANDCARE FUNDS FOR A CITY CREEK SYSTEH: SEVERAL LOCAL INTEREST AROUND THE ENomERA CREEK CATCHMENT HAVE JOIN D FORCES TO 7 FURTHER r, RESTORE ORIGINAL CREEK INFOREST (OR 'SRUB'AS IT IS SOMETIMES KNOWN), HE PROJECT STARTED 7 YEARS AGO WHEN AN ASSOCIATION OF LOCALS COMMENCED TRANSFORMING FORMER WASTE T I P SITES WITH MOWN GRASS SURFACES INTO CREEK-SIDE ENVIRONMENTS OF PLANT SPECIES PREVIOUSLY EXISTING - ALREADY SUCCESS CAN BE SEEN I N THE FORM OF LARGE TREESj ALREADY FLOWERING, AND THE RETURN OF THE BIRDS,

THE $994 BILL TULLOCH NO RIAL ~ C T I E ~ - .FLORA OF THE SCENIC RIM" - IS RECOUNTED WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE RIM AT'THE EASTERN BORDER OF LD/ . ITS HISTORY OF BOTANICAL EXPLORATION, VEGETATION TYPES AND SIGNIFIC-

ANCE, THREATS TO THE VEGETATIOHj ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING,

THE VI TORIAN N/L OF ~ E P T * CARRIES A RE JEW OF HE NE PUBLI ATION REATING AN AUSTRALIAN NATIVE GARDEN' BY ' f ~ L P H SAILEY JULIE ~ * K E PUBLISHED BY !OTHIAN AUST. &RDEN !ERIES. HE BOOK WAS REVIEW ER NEIL

ARRIoTT wHo GAVE I T A G m D WRITE u p A m SAYS THAT I T I s EXCELLENT VALUE FOR THE PRICE tS~l~s!YlLg!!f'?~ W O N ~ T I T WAS ALSO

HEWS AND VIEWS FROM HEPBERS F~EW MEMBER E!?v flORGM OF ~ C K A Y n o S YS THAT WHI E SHE HAS BEEN A MEMBER OF THE LOCAL SGAP FOR SOME YEARS, THEIR EXCURSlMlS OFTEN CLASH WITH THE $U WALKERS t L U B SO SHE I S NOT VERY FAMI L IAR WITH PLANT IDENTI F l AT ON BUT GETS TO SEE MUCH OF THE AREA AROUND ~ C K A Y ~ INCLUDING OFF-TRACK PLACES IN THE DELIGHTFUL EUNGELU fi, b ANOTHER RECRUlT j KENNETH b c C L ~ t ~ T FRoM OLD OUTH MACLEAN) HAS A F C D AND HAS BEEN PROPAGATING FOR SEV- ERAL YEARS AND 1 s ESPECIALLY INTERESTED I N 6? REGENERATIONj ALSO IIRY 'RF ?VINE SCRUB c o M u N I T I Es .

WALKER s ANOTHER QUEENSLANDER, THOUGH HE MOVE TO VICTORIA A w ILE AGO, HE RECKONS THERE i s NOT EN- h AROUND ELBOURNE SO HAS MOVED BACK TZ, 7 NDOOROOPILLY I N I RISBANE,

PUT o THE WAY HOMEj HE PASSED PETE Sf l ITH j THE BLOKE WHO DOES OUR ADDRESS LABELS, G ING THE OTHER WAY! PETER P LEFT !RIsBANE Ju T BEFORE h r s T o TAKE u p A J o B i n sourHERN NSW AN N RESIDES I N UrHERGLEN I N VIC - A DEL- IGHTFUL SPOT I F f HAY SAY $0. (IE WISH H I M WELL I N H I S NEW CAREER. 10 Pp I N H I S DISTRICT, BU MANY OF THE I PLANTS I N S M E OF THE LOCAL ARID AREAS ARE OF THE SAM ,GENUS AS ARE MANY OF THE WELL KNOWN F PECIESj AND FROM THE APPEARANCE OF S M E THAT 1 AM FAMILIAR WITHI f D RECKON THEY ARE SURVIVORS FROM PAST R? VEGETATION.

MAYBE PETE MAY GET AN OPPORTUNITY TO CHECK SOME OF THEM OUT, AND LET US KNOW OF H I S THOUGHTS ON THIS,

TOWNSVILLE I S THE SOURCE F YET ANOTH R OU) NEW ENTHUSIAST - CbARLFS LFE - WHO HAS A SUBURBAN YARD WHERE HE IS ESTABLISHING A NATIVE L INFOREST, E APPY WOWING CHARLES^ STA ING I N QLD,, MARJORIE HAS REJOINED THE GROUP AND WRITES THAT SHE I S PLANTING A SMALL RF SPECIALLISING I N IJRI SB E DRY SPECIES A P U R E R ACRE S ITEJ BUT 1 s ALSO INTERESTED I n PUTTING I N SOME PONDS AND A s s o c IATED P U N T S , P" HE BLOCK I S ON A DRAINAGE LINE, WITH A SHALL SWAMPY AREA EVEN I N NORMAL WEATHER) AND A THIN CANOPY OF DRY - WET SCHLEROPHYLL SPECIES1

JUDITH BRASS OF KAR~LEE ( OLD AGAIN!) COrmENTED A COUPLE OF MONTHS AGO THAT I T HAD BEEN VERY HOT) DRY AND WINDY THAT SHE D l D N T DARE TO P U N T ANYTHING OUT,OTHER THAN A FEW EPIPHYTES TH T DO OT LOOK AS THOUG THEY

TREES, P Z F WILL SURVIVE, TIMES SO TOUGH THAT THE m y SEED PRODUCED IN THE GARDEN WAS ON HITE DARS AND A FEW ME

LL THAT DAVID NOEL I PERTH RUNS# HE TREE C CEHTRF WHICH HAS A PUB}ISHING DIVISION - CORNUC-

f "t f USTRAUSIAN REE ROPS OURCEBOOK, HEY HAVE L I S ED R !RO P UNDER REE COPS - AUSTRALASIA IN THE HEY EDITION OF

SOON TO RETIRE (?I GEOFF AND ARE CONCERNED Tj ~UBLICATION TITLED AND WONDER WHETHERGTEPS SHO U) BE TAKEN TO ES M L I S H PREC E OF ONE OR THE OTHERj OR SWEHOW DIFFEREN- TIATE THE 5 PUBLICATIONS. &R TO YW HELEN ~ R A H T E R 8 AND?&@ IN HOBART, OUR SGAP NSw COHSERVATIOM OFF^ CER AN RFSG MEMBER COfINlE f'?CPHERSO\ HAS BEEN KEPT BUSY WITH ENVIRON ENTAL

ATTLES on BEING A SUBDIVIS~O OF ROW UND SOUTH OF SIDNEY - PRI E BU HD THAT SHOUUI BE IN !EATHCOTE/ M e ! 8M, soMETHl NG A N r r H I m PUT- ROYAL ~ P S . Fn BLE 1s THAT THE sw mvr. mE+mm & u w , QUIETLY, I N ULY STINDINS FOR DAYS tourn BE ARBITRAR, L SETT ED BY THE HI I STER, THATS HOW YOU RUH A DEM ACY F LKS a

CONN E ALSO ENT ME A B OCHURE FROM THE OYhL STITVTE OF B U R IC ADMINI STRAT ON AUSTRA I A O F A a b V? A 9 0 t f P b b A LO OURISM NOUSTRIES -TD ON A CONFER W!E ON 'PRIVATE SECTOR \NVOLVEPIENT IN ARKS AND ROTECTED REAS T H ~ S RE NFORCE SOME AL RM BEUS THAT ! HAVE HEARD RINGING ON A L IKELY FUTURE PR06R- OF PRIVATISATI~ OF 6 PUBLIC bRRKS. $AT1 OHAL ARKS, ETCl AM TRY I N S I; GATHER SOMEWTHOUGHTS TO PRESENT T H I S SCENARIO I N A CONCISE AAD UNDERSTANDABLE WAY IN A U T E R /C UNDER A f HREATS TO -- THEME BUT I'M FINDING I T DIFFICULT,

ESTHER TAYLOR OF EPSWICH SAYS THAT SHE S T I L L HASH'T SOU) THE HOUSE AS PEOPLE ENERALLY LOOK FOR A LARGE HOUSE OM SMALL BLOCK THESE DAYS) RATHER THAN A LARGE S BURBAN BLOCK W I Y 9 BEDROOM HM.. 8 HOW L I F E HAS CHANG~D! Ror TO BE DAUNTED) ESTHER I S REVERSE-PARDENIHLI PUTTING P U N T S INTO POTS TO TAKE TO THE NEW PLACE , YE HOPE YOU GET AWAY SOOH SO YOU CAN BECOME ESTABLISHED BEFORE WINTER AND THOSE FROSTS,

4 THF ROAD WITH THE TRAHAIRS THEY S A W S t E G M T PLACES DURING 5 vEEKS HOLIDAY EREMY, SUE, ~ U N G JOAHHA & KAT LA T JUNE TRAVELLED TO n . AS FAR AS MACKAY WHERE THEY SPENT A WE K AT I# t i!uNGELu AND APE 1 L L s m R o u m AFs, ' WE ENJOYED THE COOL AT EUNGELU AND WARM EVENING CAMPFIRES IT GOT

VERY COW AT MIGHT , WE ALSO ENJOYED SEEING THE PLATYPUS EAR Y MORNING AND LATE AFTERNOON, IT WAS MUCH WARM R AT C PE 11 ILLSBOROUGH CAMPING OH THE MORT ERN BEACH, HERE I S AN EXCELLENT PATCH OF TROPICAL FOREST -

1 ' 6 \

THE EIDDEH B A L u Y ON THE sow" THE CAPE B T WILL n vER FORGET THE BUTTERFLIES WE SAW A WALK T o THE NORTH EASTERN BEACH THROUGH DRY RAINFOREST ( RAUCARIA, YTHON TREE), THE LOCALS c LL THE BUTTERFLIES BLUE f TIGERS AMD THERE MUST HAVE BEEH HUHDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM - NO EXAGGERATION, HEY CLOTHED THE TREES I N THE RAINFOREST L I K E LEAVES AND WHEN YOU DISTURBED THEM BY WALKING TOO CLOSE YOU COULD HEAR THE FAINT RUSTLE OF THOUSANDS OF PAIRS OF WINGS, OLSENS LIMESTONE CAVES HEAR ROCKHAMPTOM WERE INTERESTING AS WAS WE DRY RAINFOREST ARO ND THE CAVES, IT IS

F t E A FAMILY RUN BUS1 NESS AND THEY WERE VERY F R I NDLY, WE V I S I T E D ~ O O ~ B TT TOPS WEST OF LADSTONE WHERE THERE WAS L I T T L E RAINFqREST BUT EXC LENT VIEWS, HE BOTANICAL GARDENS AT LADSTONE ARE WORTH A V I S I T AS THEY HAVE EXTENSIVE TEMPERATE-TROPICAL PLANT1 NGSr HE HAD T W DAYS TO LOOK AT THE GARDENS WHILST OUR CAR WAS BEING REPAIRED a

WE ALSO DROPPED I N AT ~OODMIGHT SCRUB H? NEAR GINGIN LOOKING FOR A PLACE TO STAY OVERNIGHT BUT ENDED UP GOING THROUGH TO GLADSTONE AS THE CAMP^ NG A WAS OVERRUN w ITH COWS AND THERE WERE N WALKING TR ILS APPARENT, #E D I D DR I V E HROUGH SOME EXTENSIVE DRY ! vWI TH U R G E BOTTLE TREES, U C E BARK AND RAUCARIA. OE SPENT A WEEK T I ON FRASER SLAM THE PLAC IS INDEED BEAUTIFUL A THOUGH THER ARE AR TOO MANY PEOPLE AND VEHICLES ON T, WE ENJOYED THE Rt AT C ~ K E R LOM, CENTRAL STATJON \PI kF v A u E Y S C I m y SCRUB (WNY KIURI PINES THERE . TO MY MIND THE MPACT OF FORESTRY OPEAATlONS ON THE I N THE CENTRAL ART OF JHE ISLAND I S VERY OBVIOUS b F ALTHOUGH SOME N RANGERS CLAIMED THAT THE LOGGING HAD L I T T L E IMPACT, COULDN T AGREE AT ALL,

YE ALSO q D FOUR DAYS AT ~INGTM(/OREILLEYS AS PER USUAL THE MOUNTAINS WERE COVERED WITH M I ST WHEN WE WALKED TO THE flS BORDER* \'E WERE ABLE TO COLLECT A LOT OF SEED ON THE TRIP, HOWEVER MOST OF I T REM I N UN IDENTI F I ED. 1 DO HAVE SOME FOR THE SE B A N I HOWEVER - LOMATIA ARBORESCENS (ALREAD~ GERMINATED SOMEf, 8Y lGIUM OLEOSUM AND POLYSCIAS f ELEGANs.. P A L S O c o u E c T m A m u A w H T OF s E m FROM RANDIA F l T u l AND I S E S S l L l S j YET T o GEIIIIIMTE.

DAVID THOMS OF DENISTONE ( SYDNEY 1 HAS BECClrlE AN FNVIRONHFNTAL COSULTANT 7~0111;~ HnT BY C W l C E , DAVID EXPLAINS " RECEN E M V I R M N T A L POSITION I N THE SYDNEY HATER BOARD WAS MADE

EnUNDAHTI ? WAS SAD, AND ANGRY TO LEAVE AFTER I 5 YEARSJ ESPECIALLY AS THERE WAS S T I L L PLENTY OF WORK TO D 8

!El N 6 UNSUCCESSFUL I N ETTlNG A FULL TIME JOB I DECIDED TO BECOME A CONSULTANT, THOUGH FOR THE FIRST 3 OR 8 WEEKS S ~ T T ~ N ~ AT HOME 7 WONDERED IF I D BEEN JOKING TO THINK THAT I COULD BE SELF-EMPLOYED LIKE THAT. HOWEVER SINCE THEN I VE HAD WORK FOR ABOUT 3 DAYS EACH WEEK, MOST OF T H I S HAS INC UDED VEGETATION SURVEYS, PART PREP- 'r tRAT1ON OF A MANASEM$NT PLANJ AND REVIEWS OF OTHERS lMPACT ASSESSMENTS. HE NEW LIFESTYLE HAS BEEN BEAUT 8

HOPE IT COATIHUES Bk3f WI$&'s ~ R & I THE GROUP, DAVID, WE ALL HOPE THAT IT DOES TOO,

,JORTICULTURE / BOTANY REPORTS FROM MEMBERS JOHN ENGLISH OF \!OOMBYE B , IN JOHN'S WORDS - " VE HAVE BEEN GROW RF PLANTS ON OUR 3 ACRES OF EX-PINEAPPLE LAND SINCE 1979, BUT REALLY ONLY STARTED P U N T I N G EXTENSIVELY I N !8!8 WHEN WE RETIRED FROM BUSINESS - OUR LARGE ORCHID) PAW, BROMELIAD, HOYAj FERN ETCu COLLECTION HAD TAKEN MOST OF OUR SPARE TIME PREY1 USLY. OUR PLA TINGS HAVE CONCENTRATED e a ON BUTTERFLY AND BZ RD FOOD TREES AFTER I N I T I A L L Y PUTTING I N MANY ALL1 STEMON 8 . ELALEUCAS THAT WE PROPAGATED FROM SEED COLLECTED, WE BROUGHT T BACK INTO THE PLACE VERY SUCCESSFULLYj AND TO THE dOY OF VAL WHO I S T I E FAMILY BIRD OBSERVER, I A L PROJECT TO COL T AS MANY LILLIPILLIES AS POSSIBLE AND

ERE VERY GLAD TO READ YOUR NOTE ARTER I N THE JULY hR, SUBSEQUENTLY WE DROVE UP TO POOR ORY YOOWOOMBA TO OLIVER, TAKING CUTTl NG MATERIAL OF ALL OUP LI LLIPI L L ~ s WHICH HAD FLOWERED PREVI OUSLY. WE RETURNED WITH PREVIOUSLY UNOBTAINABLE PLANTS TO ADD TO THE ~3 SPECIES WE WERE ALREADY GROWING, THAT LEAVES US WITH ONLY HALF A DOZEN o THE KN w SPECIES FOR US 1-0 COLLECT! OLIVER TELLS US THAT HE HAD STRUCK QUITE A FEW OF OUR CUTTINGS WITHIN 5 m T H s ? [ I S NURSERY I S AN INTERESTING PLACE - ALL H I S STOCK PLANTS ARE GROWING I N CONTAINERS,

OUR SOIL I S A LIGHT SANDY LOAM WHICH I S GREAT FOR DRAINAGE AND HAS GROWN PINEAPP ES FOR ABOUT 60 YEARS, SO SOME SPEC NEED T o BE WATERED THIS TIME OF THE I g A R E jG AHOPTERUS HAcLEAIAH*. IoRTuNATELY WE E x c E LENT WATER AT 158 FEET) THOUGH THE FLOW 1 s ONLY ABOUT o 6 . PaH. so WE USE n TANK FUR THE sPRlNK Etis, ks i: UR TRE S ARE MllTURlNG WE I R E GETT NG ORCHIDS OUT OF POTS AN ON TO THE AS A R I N A S , RED AND WHITE t E ARS,

u Im, I n o s P o R u M FERRuGl NEMEuM EREvl LLEA ROBUST* A m ALL FA,] 1 l sTEnoNs I Y HE T E x o T l cs ARE THE BECAN !AnoB, L l a u H l N l n 8 CUSTARD APPL .(!AVING GROWN NATIVES ALNOST EXCLUSI ELY SlNC I!%?, WE NOW ALLOW A FEW E X ~ T - ICS TO CREEP I N 0 OUR GARO N o bE HA35 B F x E BEEN L I V l NG ON THI S GLORIOUS UNSHI NE OAST FOR 22 YEARS NOW, BUT PREV- IOUSLY SPENT 1 YEARS AT ~ R O W R A , MILES NORTH OF SYDNEY, WHERE WE SCOURED THE DISTRICT FOR IMPROVED VAR- I E T I ES OF THE HAWKESBURY SANDSTONE FLORA,

\'!E WERE ENCOURAGED INTO GROWING RF PUNTS AFTER SEEING THE MARVELOUS HERITAGE GARDEN AT MULLUMBIMBY - AN ABSOL TE MUST FOR ANYONE TO VISIT WHEN PASSING THAT WAY - IT IS AS IMPORT T AS OUR wo DER ULL FAIRHILL BOT- ANIC IARDENS IN THIS DISTRICT FOR ALL NATIVE PLANT GROWERS APART FROM US WP DEVOTEES. CHE EERITAGE GARDEN COMMITTEE BY THE WAY ARE ENDEAVOURING TO PLANT EVERY SPECIES ORIGINALLY IN THEIR DISTRICT,

AT THE MOMENT (LA OV) WE ARE WAITING FOR RAIN - WHO ISNT? - AND THE REMOVAL OF A LARGE SLASH PIN TO PLANT OUT ABOUT 6 PLANTS MARKING TIME I N POTS, To COMPLETE THE FULL CovERAGE OF THIS PROPERTY. AFTER THAT WE SHALL BE HAVING TO FIND PLACES TO PLANT BETWEEN - WE TRY TO KEEP ROOM TO DRIVE A VEHICLE AROUND THE GARDEN TO TOW THE TRAILER WITH MULCH AND ALSO TO COLLECT EI,DERLY VISITORS WHEN THEY RUN OUT OF PUFF, A GOLF BUGGY WOULD BE HANDY I F ONES FINANCES RAN TO THAT EXPENSE.

THE ONLY LI LLI P I LLI s NEEDEPTO COMPLETE OUR co LECTION ARE -ACMENA DIVAR I ATAJ A , MACKI NNONIANAJ .ACMENASPERMA PR I N G L I , SYZI IUM AMPLUM, -SI- ARGYROPEDICUM 8 k .ATERHOUS I A MULGREAVAANA, F EVER YOU HEAR OF ANYONE 6ROW I NG THESE PLANTS 7 WOULD BE MOST GRATEFUL TO BE ABLE TO CONTACT THEM

F STEVE SIHCLAIR OF MOUNT WAVERLEY ( MELBOURNE I S KEEN ON TREE FERNS AND TELLS THAT HE IS JUST STARTING TO SEE SOME RESULTS WITH SOME OF THE RARER SPECIES, THOUGH STEVE DIDN'T WANT I T M NTIONED UNTIL SUCCESS WAS CONF-RMEU, THERE MAY BE OTHERS OUT 'HERE H I H SGME IDEAS OR ARE S'EKiNG INFO SO 1 WILL TAKE THE RAP I F 1 MUST. $ A THE TlME OF R l T l N G LAST AuG STJ I Y A T E CUNNINGHAMI 1 t REBEC- AE, e. LEICHHARDTIANA LOOKED PROMISING. FROM TH SEED I INK, SeME HOOP PINE AND ! I(ERNAND1A BhVALVIS SEED- LINGS EMERGED AFTER 2 MONTHS I N A HEATED BOX - THE EIZARD CAGE. rURELY A DUAL PURPOSE FACIL ITY . GEOFF LONG I S TRYING TO RESTORE AN ACRE OF N S W ILLAWARRA RAINFOREST THIS PATCH I S S EWHAT DISTURBED, AT "THE FOXGRO 2 KM f l l d OF SAD LEBACK MOUNTAIN (WEST OF GERRINGQNG), IT I S SUBTROP 1 CAL fip WITH LOTS OF I NES AND PALMS, 1 DE. -TOONA, RYPTOCAR I A-GLAUCESCENS, DQRYPHORA ETC . E e BUT I S TOO LOW I N ALTITUDE FOR-UCRYPHIA ARE GENERALLY COMMON I N THE DISTRICT,

BOB BUCK HAS A SURURBAN FLOCK AT TAREE 11 s w COAST IT'S A SMALL WORLD - I BUSHWALKED WITH BOB MANY YEARS AGO WHEN WE WERE BOTH IN TH NATIONA PARKS ASSN, SO IT WAS GOOD TO CATCH UP ITH HIM AGAIN WHEN HE FAIRLY RECENTLY JOINED THE GROUP. BE ws A h66 M, SQ. BLOCK ( 1 s THAT THE om I. ACRE# AND TRIES T o GROW LOCAL PLANTS As MUCH As POSSIBLEJ BUT HAS BEEN CAUGHT u p WITH i FEW MIS IDENTIF IED SPECIE FROM NURSERIES, EVEN AT SOME OF THE BEST, WOULD L I K E TO GROW MORE FOOD PLANTS TOO) BOTH NATIVE AND EXOTIC, 8 OB MENTIWED I N H I S LETTER THAT HE S TRYING TO SPEND MORE TIME LOOKING AT PLANTS I N THE BUSH, FOR L I K E MANY OF US I T HFLPS CALM vIS,,M ND WHEN HE SEES THE RESULTS TO OUR PLANET OF THE ACTIONS OF A FFW GREEDY AND STUPID PEOPLE OF INFLUENCE , t HE TROUBLE WITH GREENIESJ CONSERVATIMSTS ETC I S THAT THEY DON T L l K E BEING ORGANESEDj - NOT L l K E TH ,SHOOTERS AND FARMERS WHO CLAIM TO BE SO B I 1NDEPENDENT WHO RALLY SO QUICKhY T AMY RED-NECK CALL, I THINK f L L HAVE TO D A COURSE ON MASS PSYCHOLOGY TO UNDERSTAND THE PICTURE . k IF y o u FIND THAT COURSE, LET US KNOW, ? nn SURE THERE WOULD BE A LOT OF STARTERS FROM !FIG. JAN QILTON I S AT AUSTINMER - OH THE COAST SOUTH OF SYDNEY

SOMEONE SENT A C U l l I N G FROM SYDNEY'S HERAUl OF4 BOTANIC HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF THIS WAP DATED 13/12/94 AND THERE WAS NO COVERING NOTE, THE SUBJECT WAS THE CABBAGE PALM, LIVISTONA AUSTRALIS AND I T I S REALLY I N VOGUE THROUGHOUT SYDNEY - I N PARKS, ALONG ROADS, ON TOP OF VIADUCTS, AN HOTEL FOYERS, SYDNEYSIDERS ALWAYS HAD AN AFFINITY WITH THIS PALM; WHEN FOOD WAS SHORT THEY ATE THE 'BUD (KILLING THAT PLANT I N THE PROCESS) USED I T FOR BUILDING HUTS, WATER PIPES, HORSE TROUGHS, EVEN MADE HATS FROM THE FRONDS (CABBAGE-TREE HATS). ~EEDLESS TO SAY, FEW REMAIN AROUND SYDNEY IN THE WILD,

THE ITEM HAS A ? ! MARK MADE BY THE SENDER ON THE PARA UND R L I C NCE HE (4 PALM SUPPLIER) TAKES THE PROT- ECTED PALM FROM FORESTS ABOUT TO BE SELECTIVELY LOGGED ON ' h THE ORTH E OAST --- , I ASSUME THAT OUR ATTENTION I S DIRECTED TO (A) IF THEY ARE PROTECTED) HOW CAN THEY BE EXPLOITED ? AND (B) SELECTIVE LOGGING SURELY MEANS THAT, SO I F PROTECTED PLAN S ARE A SO TAKEN SURELY I T MEA S EITHER CLEAR FE LING OR A FORESTRY PHJASE LONG k GONE FROM GENERAL USAGE - RAxIMu. kcoNoMIc UTILIZATION. HAT OF SUSTAINED c o L o G l c ~ L HARVESTING .

- 5 - PROPAGAT ION PAGE

ALEURlTES MOLUCCANA THE CANDLE NUT -- PROGRESSIVE REPORT OF GERMINATION TRIALS ( 1 A LAR E QU NTITY OF SEED WAS GIVEN TO ME BY JO MCNAB HO HAS SEVERAL NICE SPECIMENS PLANTED ON HER PROPERTY NEAR 1 ORT A ACQUARIE AND WHICH FLOWER AND FRUIT WELL* r OTS OF SEE LINGS GERMINATE AROUND THE PARENTS SO I T I S B OBViOUS THAT T I E CLIMATE OF MY DISTRICT I S SUITABLE FOR THIS N, , SPECIES, P f i ~ ~ a * a t i ~ t ~ - bRlED OllT AND LEATHERY S K I N S WERE REMOVED FROM THE FRUIT TO EXPOSE THE OCK-HARD SEEDS ABOUT 25 nM D l A . THEY ARE SOMETHING L l KE A MRCADAMl Pi, HAYING AN EXTREMELY HARD SHELL ABOUT 1 MM THICK SURROUNDING A U R G E NUT-LIKE ERBRYOq I D I D NOT ATTEMPT TO CRACK ANY OF THESE OUTER SHELLS BUT MERELY SOAKED THEM I N WATER P R I R TO SOWINGI nethod - So q M BEEP F o m FRUIT B xES WERE FILLED WITH SIEVED MATERIAL ( 2" x 1. MESH FROM AN ABANDONED 8 BRUSH TURKEY S FIEST CONSTRUCTED " 10 MONTHS PREVIOUSLY, SEED WAS BURIED JUST BELOW THE SURFACE WITH THE POINT DOWN, THE CO TAINERS WERE P ACED IN AN OPEN AR A AND WATERED REG

J APPEARED 1 3 ~ ~ DEC., 2 9 ~ ~ h c . , AND TH JAN. 1 aeaut ta $0 d a t e - Fox I w s OF 10b EEDS SOAKED FOR 4 :+OUR ND SOWN !!Y&44. ON VERY ROBUST SE

Box 2 WAS i69 SE DS SOAKED FOR 16 DAYS AND SOWN ESH!B94, AGAIN# A VIGOROUS SEEDLING CAME UP ON IST JAN AND ANOTHER ON THE 5 TH, SWE SEED HAS ROTTED, BUT MOST REMAIN BLUE METAL L I K E I I N THE MULCH,

GMELINA LEICHHARDTI I -- WHITE BEECH SEED GERMINATION FROM SOME OF OUR OWN NATURALLY GROWING TREES ( ! I FIRST COLLECTED FRUITS MID-MARCH 1994 AND LET THEM SOAK IN A CONTAINER OF WATER, ADDITIONAL FRUITS WRE COLLECTED SEVERAL TIMES OVER THE NEXT 5 WEEKS AND WERE ADDED

SOAK1 NG FRUITS WERE SKINNED AND THEN s WN IN A FOAM B x CONTAINING A MIX OF COMPOST AND ROTTED TER-

THAT CAN BE FOUND I N om EUCALYPT Locis. ?HE Box WAS Pu tcED I N A LIGHTLY SHADED SPOT

t ND WATERED REGULARLY HE FIRST SEEDLING APPEARED I~TH DECEMER, AND BY THE ~ T H JAN ABOUT 55 PLANTS HAD GERMINATED

AN updata I N W t .WQ 23, JAN 19Q4lp I D E S ~ ~ ~ B E D 2 METHODS OF GMELINA SEED TREATMENT AND THE RESULTS TO THAT iME, SEEDLINGS CONTINUED TO GERMINATE INTERMITTENTLY DURING THE WARM W UMN, 7 HE BATCH THAT WAS QNLY THE 300 MULTI-CELLED F R U ~ T S TO A LOCAL NURS R DTHERWlsE lJ ST" R THE SOIL AND FROM MID DEC. E944 PIDn:!: B 3 ObIE UP BY TH AN,

PE OTHER BOX OF SEED SOAKED FOR 3 MONTHS DID NOT HAVE NEAR AS M CH GERMINATION ORIGINALLY, HOW VER LEFT

! ti SEEDLINGS TO GROW Is TilAT FOAM OX AFTER 61V1N6 AWAY ABOUT 4 , THEY ARE S T I L L THERE, ABOUT - HIGH AND LOOKING VERY HEALTHY BUT ONLY NEW SEEDLINGS HAVE APPEARED DURING THE PAST MONTH, COULD RE YET ANOTHER. EXAMPLE OF A SPEC1 ES W l TH A GROWTH-INHIBI TING CAPABl L l TY AND SO REDUCE COMPET I T I ON FROM TOO MANY NEARBY RELATIVES,

CORCHOROUS CUNNINGHAMIANA -- A RARE PLANT I N CULTIVATION AND ENDANGERED I N THE WILD HAS PRESENTED WITH A SPECIMEN F T H I S PLANT 4 COUPLE OF Y RS AGO AND AM VERY IMPRESSED WlTH I T S QUALIT IES.

I ' V E POTTED I T ON TWICE - FROM A 9' TUBE TO A 5' AND THEN A F A POT. IT FLOWERED LAST YEAR AND THEY REMAINED PN THE PLANT FOR MONTHS, AND I S FLOWER 1 NG AGAIN MOW,,

CAN FIND ONLY ONE REFERENCE TO T E SPECIES - 1 N RE OR THREATENED AUSTRALIAN P N S " BY BR GS 8 LEIGH THAT MENTIONS IT I s OF THE F A n l LY ?*LI ACEAE, IS EN ANGERED AND AS POPU TIONS IN kt ~ L D 8 NTH k ! ~ MY PLANT 1 s n srRaGGLy SHRUB ABOUT FT H i WITH 8 i l v E STEMS ANq Y ' D w ONES, ALTE NATE TOOTAED LEAVES AND YE OW FLOWERS AT THE ENOS OF BRANCHLETS MADE UP OF 4 PETALS AND SEPALS AND ABOUT 90 STAMENS AND ARE ABOUT bb MM DIAMETER I I ol n Nor N o r I c E WHEN F L o w x w COMMENCED, BUT SOME ARE WELL OUT so wE w l L L KEEP I T UNDER OBSERVATION AND SEE WHEN THE LAST FLOWERS FINISH, NOT GAME TO PUT I T INTO THE GROUND DUE TO OUR LOUSY SO1 L,UNTI L I EVENTUALLY TAKE AND STRl KE CUTTINGS, BUT DO ANY OF YOU MEMBERS HAVE EXPERIENCE WITH THIS SPECIES ,

PLANT LABELS ARE WATERPROOF PENCILS THE ANSWER ? NOTHING MORE FRUSTRATINF THAN REFERRING TO A TAG ATTACHED TO A PtANT TO CONFIRM IDENTIFICATION OR WHATEVER, AND FINDING IT BLANK, I VE USED DIFFERENT TYPES OF OF WATERPROOF PERMANENT' MARKERS, BUT ALL TOO OFTEN, PARTICULARLY I N SUNNY OR EXPOSED SPOTS, EDGES OF TRACKS ETCnj WRITTEN INFORMATION QUICKLY DISAPPEARS,

AN ORCHID ENTHUSIAST MENTIONED THAT HE HAD USED A WATERPROOF PENCIL FOR A FEW YEARS TO MARK H I S TAGS AND HAD NO PROBLEMS WlTH FADING, NO DOUBT H I S PLANTS ARE H E M I N SHADED CONDITIONS, BUT WOUU) B FREQUE T L WAT-

RED SO THE PENCIL HAS HAD A GOOD TEST, I HAVE BE N T R Y ~ N G ONE OF THESE PENCILS - A SCHWAN B T A B l L o NO go08 - 5 ?STATED TO WRITE ON PAPER, GLASS, PLASTIC 8 METAL FOR ALMOST A YEAR AND I T SEEMS SUCCESSFUL.

IF THEY ARE EFFECTIVE, NOT ONLY DO WE BENEFIT FROM PERMANENCY AND THE A B I L I T Y TO WRITE AS FINELY BY REGULAR SHARPENING, BUT ALSO VERY MUCH MORE ECONOMICAL AND NO WASTE OF NON-DEGADABLE MATERIALS TO THROW AWAY AFTER A GENERALLY BRIEF USE,OF ALUMINIUM BODIED, FELT TIPPED, PLASTIC CAPPED, CELLO WRAPPED PENS,

GRIliwrNG HOOP PfNE ARAUCARIA CUNNINGHAMI I FROM SEED ( A REPLY TO ROD COOK'S EARLIER OUERY )

THEY HAD ANY SETBACK, FULLY FOLlAbEO AND LARGE AS L I F E , bE WONDER WHEN THEY W l L L NEXT FLOWER, AND FRUIT.

PCIIRPCIP MOCREI - A TOUGH f!UT TO CRACt: , LITERALLY PHODA JEAVONS SPOKE TO ME A WHILE AGO, WONDERING IF THERE MAY BE A SPECI L WAY TO REAK OR CUT AWAY THOSE

ii a B EXTREMELY HARD CASES SURROUNDING THE SEEDS LOCATED I N CAVITIES I N IDES HODA AND ~ A R R Y HAD BEEN GIVEN SEEDS ON' OCCASlONS BUT HAVE SEEN UNSUCCESSFUL WlTH GERMlNA I M , NYONE HAVE ANY EXPERIENCE WITH THE SPEC- I EB, OR EVEN SUGGESTIONS ON A METHOD THAT MAY BE EFFECTIVE, ]/ f HEY HAVE SINCE BECOME AWARE OF A PLANT GROW- EM6 I N AM OLD, UNCARED FOR GOSFORD SUBURBAN GARDEN THAT HAS HEAPS OF SEEDLING PLANTS GROWING UNDER AND

, AROUND I T r SO I T SEEMS THAT NATURE ALLOWS EASY GERMINATIONI EVEN OUTSIDE I T S NATURAL RANGE, I WONDER l F WE MERE MORTALS MAY RE SUCCESSFUL WITH THE OLD STRATIFICATION V I A REFRIGERATION ?

Vt!Y .DO!lnT YOU TRY USING BRUSH TURKEYS' PBANDOtlED MOUFIDS . AS A POTTIF~IG M I X EASE ? FIRST, ENSURE THE OLD NES HAS BEEN ABANDONED, SOMETIFES THE B IRD WlLL RETURN AT A ATER TIME TO BUILD A MQuMo.EnR ADOTHER BROOD, IT SEEMS THAT THESE HEAPS OF GROUND LITTER AND SOIL ARE AT^ IDEAL STAGE BF DEcoM- rual'lu'r A F T F R 12 MONTHS VACANCY,

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT OF THE MONTH - DIPLOGLOTTIS CAMPBELL1 l SMALL LEAVED TAMARIND (GREEK - DI PLOOS, DOUBLE : GLOTT I S, THROAT) FAMI LY SAPINDACEAE

P IPLOGLOTTIS I S A RF TREE OF UPRIGHT HABIT, GROWING TO 1.2 M TALL WITH A DENSE CANOPY OF DARK-GREEN LEAVES, HE P I N ATE LEAVES ARE BROADLY LANCEOLATE AND USUALLY AVE 2 TO 4 PAIRS OF OPPOSITE LEAFLETS ON EACH PAN-

ICLE. BHE BARK I S GREY BROWN, FISSURED AT MA URITY, ?HE FLOWERS ARE SMALL CREAMY AND HAIRY AND OCCUR ABUND- ANTLY IN CLUSTERS, f LOWERING COMMENCES IN NOVEMBER AND THE TWO SMALL TONGUE-LI E GLANDS AT THE BA E OF EA H PETAL ARE THE PROBABLE REASON FOR THE BEN R I NAME f H E FRUIT RIPENS IN A R C H $UIT SET IS GOOD AND MAY BE CONTAIN D IN A E , 5. OR f LOBED GREEN/BROWN OUTER SKI^, HE ACTUAL SEED IS BROWN AND HARD, 1 CM IN DIAMETER, SURR- OUNDED BY A JUICY ORANGE/YELLOW OR RED, SOFT EDIBLE BUT RATHER ACID ARI L , IT CAN BE EATEN RAW OR MADE INTO DRINKS OR JELL IES,

THE JUICY ORANGE ARIL SHOULD BE THOROUGHLY WASHED FROM THE HARD SEEDS BEFORE SETT- ING OUT SEED FOR G RMINATION, PERHAPS THIS FLESH CONTAINS AN INHIBITOR TO RESTRICT 6 EARLY EMERGENCE, LEED I S VIABLE WHE FRESH AND SHOULD BE SET OUT I N A FREE DRAIN- ING MOIST MIX AND KEPT QUITE DAMP. THE VIABLE SEED PRODUCES A RADICLE RATHER SMART- LY, AS THE WRITER PROVE BY INSPECTIONj AND SEEDLIN S APPEAR BETWE TWO AND TH EE

DAYS , ii WEEKS AFTER PLANTING, j/ GERMINATION TRIAL YIELDED J. PLANTS FROM 79 SEEDS I N 2W

A TW LVE Y AR OU) TREE OF THIS SPECIES, GROWING I N TO W OMBA FROM A SEEDLING, I S Now 6n B y 5 AND Hns PnooucEo i r s F l n s r c n o p oF OVER 908 SEEDS. AFTER THREE YEARS OF DROUGHT '?OOWOOMBA RECEIVED FIVE INCHES OF SOAKING RAI y IN FEBRUARY. I ' M SURE THIS HAD A BEARlN ON THE MASSIVE ROBUST, PRIMARY CROP THE SPECIMEN VERIFIED BY OLD HERBARIUM AS s. CAMBELLI I ) , d , CAMBELLI I I S A THOROUGHLY DEC RATIVE SMALL TREE EMINENTLY SUITABLE FOR USE As A s E T, PARK OR GmDE SUBJECT. PT i s A RARE PLANT WHOSE INCIDENCE IS RESTRICTED TO !$ ~ L D AND NORTHERN HSW

NORM MCCARTHY TOOWOOMBA BUTTERFLY OF THE MONTH - COMMON MOONBEAM, PHI L I R I S I NNOTATA I NNOTATA FAMI LY LYCAEN IDAE THI s TINY BUTTERFLY IS ON THE WING DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS, IT IS WHITE BENEATH AND LUE (FEMAL ) OR DULL F PURPLE (MALE) -ABOVE, THE SMALL HAIRY LARVA ARE FOUND ON THE UNDERSIDE OF FIG LEAVES, ICUS SPP, 1 N MY GARDEN THEY FEED ON SANDP PER FIGS WHERE THE R PA E COLO R AN AIRY BODIES ALONG WITH THEIR SMALL S IZE MAKE THEM DIFF ICULT To SEE, h N = E 1 s ONLY FROM b , ~ , bm To #.F. IS#,

REFERENCE COMMON AND WA ERHOUSE 197 BUTT RFLIES OF AUSTRALIA ANGUS AND ROBERTSON SYDNEY FROM JUDITH 1 RAss a ARALLEE n u .

THE BEST MEMBER'S EXPERIEFJCE OF THE YEAR - JEREMY TRAHAI R ' S EARTHWATCH RAINFOREST FELLOWSHIP JEREMY RELATES HIS GOOD FORXUNE-LAST JULY WHE! HE LEFT FOR CAIRNS FOR A 10 DAY EARTHWATCH FELLOWSHIP, PROVID- ED BY H I S EMPLOYER I mC* I rn I , C , I a PROVIDED 5 FELLOWSHIPS ON THIS PART1 ULAR EXPEDITION, THE PURPOSE OF WHICH WAS TO SAMPLE THE IN ECTS OF RF CANOPY ON THE ATH RTON ABLEL ND. !HIS HA NOT B E ~ N ONE BEFO E j SO THE RESULTS WILL BE EXCITING. THE P R I N c l P L REsEARc f e 6 KoG R R I CHING OF B R I BANE s R I F F I T H BNIvERslTY; HE HAS PREVIOUSLY LED EXPEDITIONS TO CAM1 NGTON 7bq~F::LYB:!'AND [APE fRIBULATION I HESE EXPEDITIONS USUALLY RESULT I N SEVERAL NEW INSECT SPECIES OR GENUS BEING IDENTIF IED AND DESCRIBED,

OR THIS EXPEDITION, THE TEAM WAS BASED AT THE YUNGAB RRA PUB E R LAKE EACHAM ON THE TABLELAND, WE SAMPLED 5 FORES LOCATIONS - YONGABE S, F AND TWO SITES I N IANBULLA !,f. , ONE ON BASALT 8 THE OTHER ON GRANITE I N EACH FOREST THREE k b ~ x OM SITES WERE DEFINED FOR SAMP ING. THESE SITE ERE PREPARED BY HANGING 9 P 1 K i METRE Hoop NETS WITH ETHANOL F ILLED JARS AT THEIR CENTRE. k L L P p N T s OVER f ,Yn oN THE SITES WERE

NUMBERED AND LOCATED WITH XY CO-ORDINATES AND LATER IDENTIF IED BY THE BOTANY TEAM

THE INSECT POPULATION OF THE CANOPY WAS SAMPLED BY FOGGING THE SITE WITH PYRETHRUM FOR 7 MINUTES, AFTER 3 HOURS A TEAM WOULD RETURN TO THE S ITE AND BRUSH DOWN ANY MATERIAL WITHIN THE HOOPS INTO THE SAMPLE BOTTLES WHICH WERE THEN BROUGHT BACK TO OUR BASE FOR SORTING, THIS METHOD OF SAMPLING REQUIRES THE USE OF A MICROSC- OPE AS ONLY VERY SMALL INSECTS (MOSTLY MUCH SMALLER THAN A PINHEAD) ARE KILLED AND COLLECTED, WE WERE TRAIN-

D TO SORT T E SAMPLES INTO CLA SES OF INSECTS - SPIDERS FLIES, MOSQUITOS ( PTE A); MOTHS 8 BUTTERFLIES f FLEPIDoPTERA)'; HoMoPTERA; ETc, AcH SAMPLE JAR coum CONTAIN ANYTHING FROM f b - !O INDIVIDUAL INSECTS FROM AS MANY AS 1 FAMILIES,

I WAS LUCKY ENOUGH TO BE PART F THE BO ANY TEAM, MY MAIN TASK BEING TO SAMPLE V S FOR THE TEAM BOTANIST E I WHO WAS EMPL YED FULL TIME BY REENING USTRALIA AND WA AN EXPERT ON TRO ICAL B E kY F p E WERE ONLY A FEW PLANTS THAT ? WAS ABLE TO RECOGNISE FROM Y OWN AREA - OONA NEOLITSIA, UPOMATIAJ ENDROCNIDE 8 ARGYRODEN-

A THECANDLENUT, LUER I TES MOLLUCANA, B DRON, SOME OF HE MORE COMMON GENUS WERE YSOXYLON (5 SPP), ~NDIANDRA 8 CRYPTOCARIA (EACH WITH 5 SPP); AND

ALL THE RF SITES SAMPLED HAD BEEN, TO VARYING EXTENTS, AFFECTED BY FORESTRY OPERATIONS WHICH WAS REFLECTED I N THE COUNT WITHIN-TH AFFECTED SITES, 1 WAS QUITE D I S - ii APPOINTED WITH THE F G, PLENTY OF LIGHT PENETRATION THROUGH DISCONTINUOUS THEY INDICATED THAT ALMOST ALL OF THE TABLELANDS HAD

THE EXPEDI N WAS A GR AT EXPERIE~CE AND I WOULD RECCOMEND IT TO GROUP MEMBERS, ESPECIALLY IF YOUR EMPLOYER PAYS THE if%o FEE TO 1 ARTHWATCH . . THE DISCOVFRY OF THE CENTURY - THE ' WOLLEMI P I K E ' DESCRIBED AS A L IV I f JG FOSSIL THERE WAS GR T EXCITEMENT WHEN THIS FIND WAS ANNOUNC~D IN E EMBER, FROM PRESS AND RADIO REPORTS RE HAVE BEEN A MERE 59 M TuRE AN, 18 UvENILLEs L o ATED I N A TINY,!,~OO sQ M. RELIC GROVE OF PREHISTORIC KPE I N A REMOTE GORGE I N POLLEM1 P od KM WEST $IF 8YD EY,,THE LAR HIGH WITH A ~ M ~ G I R T H . BARK ) S D I S - TINCT VE WITH A TUB LY APPEARANCE L I K E COCO [OPS B SAID TO BE A MISSING L I N K BET- WEEN hEW ZEAKAND S AURI AND OUR ARAUCARIAS-- OOPj

IT IS A NEW GENUS, BUT HAS BEEN KNOWN FROM F O S S I ~ S MORE THAN 150 MILLION YEARS OLD, RESEARCH IS BEING CARR- ED OUT ,ON WAYS TO PROPAGATE THEM, AND OF COURSE EVERYONE WILL WANT ONE AND SAL S COULD BE WORTH MILLIONS !&I POINT I N HAVING ANYTHING ON THIS P U N E T UNLESS I T CAN BE EXPLOITED, I S THERE 7 PRE 'BIG SCRUB' REMNANTS I F ! NTHN, FI S Y UFIDER THPEAT ?? DAVID THOMAS SKS I F WE 1 VE,ANY DETAI tS OM THE DAM PROPOSAL AT F DERAL (v. OF BYRON BAY) THAT WOULD AFFECT A 16 5 PART THE 18 SCRUB ?SM T I T TERRIBLE TWT T M(IG1NAL 7 ,090 HECTARES OF THE ONCE LARG5ST SUBTROP- ICAL I N THE?WM(qI I BELl EVE, PART OF .THE MEASLY 0 HA THAT WASN T CLEARED MAY BE DESTROYED . WHEN I S ENOUGH ENOUGH RE THERE ANY PROPOSALS TO MITIGAT AN ANTICIPATED LOSS BY REGENERATING SUITABLEllADJACENT

3 ( I NCLYDING CORRIDORS LINK1 NS REM ANTS) I P Row STRONG I s THE MOVE AGAINST ANY CLEARING ? 7 G F S ~ RECALL SEEING SOMETHING FROM THE IG SCRUB ENV. CENTRE ON THIS - WILL TRY AND FIND IT FOR NEXT ISSUE).

THE ENVI RONMEIITAL ISSUES PAGE TIIAT GREAT NATURAL PRODUCT - T I TREE OIL - I 5 NPT SO ENVIROfiMFNTALLY FRIENDLY AFTER ALL THE O l L, OBTAl NED FROM MELALEUCA ALTERNI F O L I A j I S BECOM l NG INCREASINGLY POPULAR, BUT CONCERNS ARE GROW1 NG THAT I T S PRODUCTION COM AT A GROWING COST TO S E N S l T I E AND V RY IMP RTANT HA ITATS SUCH AS WETLANDS AND THEIR OFTEN ASSOCIATED kF S P E C I I B J OFTEN DOMINATED B ZABBAGE bALMS ( L v I s T O N A B AND OTHER BOG-TOLERANT SPEC I E S . THE INDUSTRY HAS SET UP A BODY AND DRAWN UP rODES OF CONDUCT, BUT THESE SEEM EITHER INEFFECTUAL OR ELSE ARE MERELY A CHARADE,

ENVIRONMENTALISTS ARE OUTRAGED THAT A 1300 HA NSW WETLAND ADJOINING BUNGAWALBIN N R BETWEEN L l SMORE AND ~ L U K A WAS RECENTLY TOTALLY C EARED, DRAINED) LASER LEVELLED AND AERIAL S RAYED W I H VARl US CHEMICALS TO SET UP A Fi MELALEUCA PLANTATION, kLL T H l S W l T H l N THE SOURCE OF THE IMPORTANT ICHMOND R IVER, ?HE DRAINS ARE IMMENSE THERE WAS AN IMMEDIATE EFFEC N NEARBY RESIDENTS SURFACE WATER, ONE COMPLAINT - A DROP OF 4 FOOT I N A DAM OVERNIGHT. AS WELL, ANOTHER I280 HA I N THE V I C I N I T Y WAS TREATED I N A S IM ILAR MANNER LAST SPRING.

THESE 2 PROJECTS ALONE TOTAL 25 SQ, KM, A VAST AREA lNDEE , THE SHAME OF ALL T H l S I S THAT MOST SECTIONS OF SOCIETY ARE AWARE THAT AT LEAST ONE OF THE VALUES OF OUR B T L A N D s I S MA INTA IN ING AN EVEN D ISTRIBUT ION OF WAT- ER) TRAPPING A S RPLUS DURING WET TIMES THAT DRAINS AWAY AT A FA IRLY CONSTANT RATE, ALWAYS SOME RELEASE EVEN Y DURING DROUGHT, HERE MUST S T I L L BE TAXATION BENEFITS I N CLEARING NATIVE VEGETATION,

SHAME ABOUT LOSING THOSE 200 YEAR OLD TREES I N MELBOURNF LOST I S ACTUALLY NOT THE R IGHT WORD, AS THE WERE DELIBERAT LY UT DOWN I N AN ACTION DESCRIBE BY MA Y AS ACTS OF ARROGANCE AN O F F I C I A L VANDAL1 St41 THEY WERE G I ANT h D EUMS THAT HAD BEEN GROWlNG AT RLBERT !ARK SURVIVING s I NCE PRE e 'UROPEAN OCCUPATION AND REPRESENTED A GOOD PROPORTION OF REMAINING ANCIENT TREES IN ~IEL - R O U R N P , A STATE GOVERNMENT D E C ~ S I O N DETERMINED snnr IT WAS ABSOLUTELY VITAL TO DESPATCH THOSE TRE s AND MANY OTHERS, I N ORDER 10 CONSTRUCT, LT GREAT EXPENSE, A CAR RACING TRACK THROUGH THAT PARK LAND. LEIOUT THE SAME T IME A NEARBY CLOSED PUBLIC HOSPlTAL COMPLEX WAS BLOWN UP) THE REASON BEING THAT THEY WERE UNABLE TO AFFORD TO OPERATE AND M A I N T A I N I T .

(THIS I S NOT INTENDED AS P O L I T I C A L COMMENT - MERELY A WARNING TO ANY MEMBERS WHO HAPPEN TO BECOME INDISPOSED I N VICTORIA BY, FOR EXAMPLE, BREATHING PROBLEMS CAUSED BY CONSTANT DEST UCTlON OF OXYGEN PRODUCING VEGETAT- Y ION OR RACING CAR EXHAUST FUMES) NOT TO EXPECT PUBLIC MEDICAL TREATMENT 8

WEENSLAND'S POLICE HAVE ENSURED THAT ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENDERS WILL NEVER AGAIN TRUST THE "MEDIA" A BLOKE PROTESTING AGAINST T KURANDA SKYRAIL OCCUPl D A PLATFORM HIGH I N A TREE ~ 0 ~ ~ 2 0 8 DAYS, SUCCESSFULLY DELAY I N 6 T H I S INTRUSIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE PROJECT. QE OBVIOUSLY COST THE 'DEVELOPE MONEY AND EMBARRA ED f v E GOVERNMENT,BY PREVSNTING THEg CO STRUCTING ONE OF THE PYLONS FOR THE CABLEWAY. I O L I C E POSED AS AN S#

CREW AND SOUGHT AN INTERVIEW I !HIS WAS AGREED TO. THE PO I C E WERE HA LED UP TO THE PLATFORM VH RE,,THEY PROMPTLY OVERPOWERR). AND ARRESTED H IM . FAIR ENOUGH) MANY SAY, +HEY SAY - YOU CAN'T STOP PROGRESS. EH

IT JUST SO HAPPENS THAT I F TYE MEDIA POSE AS POLICE THEY CAN BE ARRESTED) CHARGED AND GAOLED, AND I F WE CANT TRUST THE MEDIA PEOPLES BONA F I D E S j I T I S GOING TO BE EXTREMELY D I F F I C U L T TO RELY ON THE VARIOUS POlNTS OF VIEW THAT A DIVERSE COMMUNITY SHOULD BE ABLE TO PUT FORWARD. IN THAT CASE WE CAN PUT PA ID TO ANY SEMBLANCE OF L I V I N G I N A DEMOCRACY) A PR IV ILEGE THAT MANY OF US HOLD I N VERY H IGH REGARD,

A B I T MORF Or1 THE DREADED PHYTOPHTHORP CINNAMOMI UST TO PROVE 1 CAN SPELb 1 !I THE CSIR@ ALSO SOUNDED A WARNING ON T H I S T I N Y PARASITE RECENTLY BY SAY l NG f I S A NATURAL DISASTER r HAT I S A QUESTIONABLE STATEMENT CONSIDERING NATURE HAS DONE TTLE T SP A I T ,

OF I T S MOVEMENT HAS BEEN BY SE WHO SHOUL KNOW BETTER - HUHANS, O OW EVER) THE ITEM \B.M.H. 94/9784P ALSO MENTlONS THAT 2000 OF THE 9 I Y j PECIES OF IZ WILDFLOWERS ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE FUNGUS) ALONG WITH OTH- ER WOODY PLANTS SUCH AS EUCALYPTS. WS WELL AS BEING SPREAD BY ROAD BUILDING, VEHICLE TYRES, FORESTRY OPER- ATIONS AND OTHER HELPFUL HUMRN A TEV IT IES , EVEN IGS AND NA I V E ANIMALS WITH DUS Y PAWS HAVE SPREPiD THE FUNGUS LOCALLY+ fw PATHOGEN Hns LEATHLANDJ b I N F o R E s T s 1 OLD., I u c A L Y P T FORESTS I N tlsli AND V I C . , BUT WORST H I T ARE THE JARRIH A. AS WELL, lNES I N THE ISA AND AKS OF ?PAIN AND ~ O R T U G A L ARE BEING DECIMATED,

COPT IIKII FIG LOSS OF RAINFOREST I M SOUTI!-EAST NStr HAT IOh'AL ESTATE MUST STOP SURELY PLACES DESIGNATE A S WORTHY OF LISTING ON THE NATIONAL ESTATE A E OF SPECIAL s IGNI F I CANCE , AND THE

f Yi OMBINATION OF L MITED F STILL REMAINING SHOULD ENSURE ITS PROTECTION THE LOSS OF IMPORTANT HAB I IN E o o L A N w m b AND *N-rAwANmLo FORESTS W i u SHAME, BUT 1s LO HAT Now. E OF OUR MEmERs HEARD HfiF RhD o F REPORT LA E LAST YEAR THAT DESCRIBED THE DESTRUCTION OF R I N GLENBOG DURIN W,OOD H I P P I N G OPE AT1 ONS. +HE DoMINANT 6 1 SPECIES THER SOUTHERN SASSAFRAS, ATHERDSPE I* A r j %LACK SuvEBERRY, PLAEOCARPUS 'f ONE OF THE FEW. AREAS T H I S FOREST TYPE EX! STET3 t H I S UNDERSTORY F HAD THE MISFORTUNE TO BE GR- OWING WITH EMERGENT AND OTHER EUC. SPECIES IN AN OLD-GROWTH AREA, HOLOPETALUS

IT WAS STATED THAT ENVIRONMENT MINISTER FAULKNER WANTED THE AREA LOOKED AT PRIOR TO THE WOODCHI P ICENSE BE ING ISSUED, VHEN THE RESEARCHWS ARRIVED AT THE FOREST, THEY FOUND LO?? ING ALREADY I N PROGRESS, \HEY WERE NO DOUBT ALMOST AS UPSET THAN WAS THE LADY WHO RELATED T H I S ITEM TO ME,

P,PIOTHFR PEFD THAT I S 'GETTIWG A.WAY1 COULD DFVASTATE OUR REMNANT WETLAND RAINFORESTS MOWN AS P L ~ F A T O R WEED* ~LTERNANTHERA PH~LOXEROIDES IS REPORTED TO HAVE BEEN ' INTRODUCED' TO B TANY RAY AND

~EWCASTLE ~ A R B O U R IN SHIPS BAL ST FROM SOUTH A M T R ~ CA. RNOTHER GREAT BENEFIT FROM WORLD TRADE? ~ U R E L Y AN ON- GO1 NG SOB CREATFON SCHEME o &OUGH CYNICISM, I D BETTER GET ON WITH THE FACTS, FROM I T S L I M I T E D AREA ?tI AE(FESIAIION, IT I s CURRENTLY INCREIISIWG, LI KE THE WRUI'S POPULATION, AT AN EXPOHEN- T ~ A L RATE, AGAIN, THE IS WARNING THAT YET ANOTHER WEED COULD E DEVASTATING TO OUR ENVIRONMENT, PARTIC- I U t A R t Y TO IRRIGATED FOOD PRODUCING LOCATIONS, THERE ARE PRESENTLY 1 INFESTED S ITES i N EASTERN OZ AND I T HAS THE POTENTIAL TO DO MORE DAMAGE TO OUR REVERS, WETLANDS AND POORLY DRAINED SITES THAN ANY OTI-IER WEED (INCLUD- 1 NG SA I M I A OR MIMOSA 1 F UNCHEC D 7. COULD BECOME THE DOMINANT PLANT OVER AN AREA EXTEND1 NG FROM BROOME AN 1" hi, THROUGH THE kiPIBERLEYS, b f J f! APE YORK, ALL DOWN THE EAST COAST AND ACROSS THE MURRAY-DARLINF BASIN,

C l E N T I F I C CONCERN I S BASED ON THE WEEDS DEVASTATING IMPACT DN FARMS, WATERWAYS AND DAMP LOCATl OHS IN THE US

TtJFY PROPOSE TO PUT A ROAD THROUGH THE " TARKINE " - ONE OF TASMANIAS FINEST W ILDERt4ESSES FORMERLV KNOWN S ARTHUR P I EMAN PROTECTED AREA, M E MT, VERO OR TARKI NE \!I LDERFI S - 330J000 HA OF RELATI VE- LY UNDISTURBED ! ATIONA ESTATE IN THE NORTHWEST M Y s ON HAVE A OAD CUTT NG A KM SWATHE, SPLITTING IN TWO 9 11 A t 68 &N ARE& PROPOSED AS fi hORLD HERITAGE NOMlNATlONb HE USTRALlAN ERITAGE OMMIISION HAS hDVlSEO AGAlNS P O E T T R W L R N T l i O U EATH A O M NTAlNS AND FOREST FOR TOURIST TRAFFIC hbHIS TUR~UEH ~ h f I i hitl TO BE ~ I ~ E ~ ~ ~ K H ~ ~ Y S Y N E ~ ~ ~ B ~ ~ , ~ ~ OF k F1 l a 8f, n COMMI ss 1 IN REPORT c T E s EFFECTS SUCH As A QlSTURBED ECOLOGY; THE SPREAD OF WEEDS, FERA ANIMALS 8 FIRE, PLUS INCREASED DAMAGE TO BORIGINAL SITES AND

WOULD HAVE A S l F N I I I $ A N ADV RSE iMPACT ON k A i l D N A L ESTATE VALUES OF THE AREA INCLUDING NATURAL, CULTU A AND W l ERMESS VALUES . TED. F l l I S UNEXPLORED AREA 18 ADJACENT TO THE N INLRAL RICH SAVAGE RIVER---zEEHM~? k6S- El3ERRY?nUEENSTDWN PROVINCE0 EVEN RLiND FREDDIE CAN SEE T H l S ROAD I S JUST ANOTHER PUBLIC SUBSIDY FOR THE M I NERS TO ACCESS PROSPECTS FOR EXPLORATI ON, EXPLOI TAT I ON 8 LAND DEGRADATION, WOODCHI PPERS TOO?

THE WOODCHIP PAGE --- THE DEBATL CONTINUES AND INDICATIONS ARE THAT I T WILL INCREASE I N INTENSITY A VERY IMPORTANT P O I N T OFTEN LOST S IGHT OF I N T H I S ONGOING CONTROVERSY I S THAT JUST AS (FOR EXAMPLE) WE ACCEPT THAT FORMER TRACTS OF WOODLAND AND MALLEE CLEARED FOR AGRICULTURE, AND RAINFOREST FOR D A I R Y I N G BE GENERALLY M A I N T A I N E D FOR PRIMARY PRODUCTION, THERE WOULD B E WIDESPREAD OBJECTION TO, AND PROTESTS MADE AGAINST ANY PROPOSALS FOR CLEARING FURTHER AREAS OF THESE L I M I T E D H A B I T A T S ,

/7 W d d P OUR NATIVE FORESTS ARE NO DIFFERENT, FAIR MINDED PEOPLE HAVE NO OBJECTION TO THE E X T E N S I V E AREAS CURRENTLY USED FOR PRODUCTION FORESTRY - FORESTS THAT ( f l a m d HAVE BEEN ROADEDj LOGGED, BURNED, INVADED BY WEEDS AND OTHERWISE M O D I F I E D OVER THE YEARS - CONTINUE TO BE E X P L O I T E D FOR T H E I R RAW M A T E R I A L , PARTICULAR- L Y I F THEY B E L I E V E I N THE OFT REPEATED C L A I M S OF INDUSTRY , +nnr OF : SUSTAIN- &J 7 / A om ABLE HARVESTING - WE REMOVE ONLY AS MUCH T IMBER AS NATURALLY REGROWS , BUT MOST PEOPLE CONSIDER THAT THE COMPARATIVELY SMALL REMNANT OLD-GROWTH, UNTACT FORESTS SHOULD BE PROTECTED U N T I L THEY CAN BE CAREFULLY INVESTIGATED; THOSE OF SOME S C I E N T I F I C AND ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES MUST THEN BE PERMANENTLY PRESER- VED

OUR D E C I S I O N MAKERS HAVE BEEN UNABLE TO COME TO TERMS W I T H T H I S REQUIREMENT, SHOULD THEY BE REPLACED BY .OTHERS W I T H WIDER KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS AND WHO ARE PEPARED TO SAVE SOMF OF OUR REFEiAiJT OLG GROWTH FORESTS' FOR THE' SURVIVRL' OF OTNER SPEC I ES .ApU TI4E PLEASURE TO FUTURE GENERAT IONS ,

A Few rac t4 ~ E S O U R C E S MJNI~TER ~ E D D A L HAS TAKEI; A L L Tr lE F L A . AND C R I T I C S M FOR THE D E C l S I O N TO GRANT THE 1995 LICEFISES, BUT A S ' A VERY KEEN P O L I T I C A L WATCHER MATE OF M I N E POINTED OUT, THERE I S NOT ONE IMPORTANT GOVERN- MENT DEC I S I ON TAKEN W 1 THOUT P , M, KEATI NGS KNOWLEDGE AND APPROVAL. HE THEREFORE CANNOT PLEAD IGNORANCE OF BEDDALS APPROVAL AND PROMISE HE W I L L HAVE A SAY I N FUTURE DISCUSSIONS AND D E C I S I O N S TO ENSURE FAIRNESS,AND B E B E L I E V E D ,

1.1~ RECEIVE A MISERABLE 670 A TONNE (APPROX, FOR THIS PRODUCT - .ONE WOULD IMAGINE THAT THE RETURN WOULD BARE- L Y COVER THE COST OF THE GREENHOUSE EM1 SSIONS CAUSED BY THE RETURN OF LOCKED UP CARBON I N THE STANDING FORE- EST, AND BY THE CONSUMPTION OF F O S S I L FUEL USED I N LOGGING, M I L L I N G , TRANSPORT AND CONVERSION I N T O PAYER, LET ALONE COVER THE EXPENSES OF O B T A I N I N G ACCESS, RESTORATION AND PROTECTION OF REGENERATING FORESTS

DESPITE A HAWKE GOVT, I N 1990 THAT WOODCHIP EXPORTS WOULD B E PHASED OUT, AND TOTALLY BANNED BY 2000 AND CONFIRMED BY OUR P DE~EMBER, {VERY HAS BEEN AY CREASE N TONN GE GIVEN T

f X P L o I T I N G THE OUT MEANT B R I N G u A L L Y OUT OF USE 1 & o N c I s E b x F o R D B I c T I o N A R Y f9f!YsE H I S E D I T I O N I S OBVIOUSLY NOT THE ONE THE FEDERAL

PRIOR T THE I S S U E OF 1995 EXPORT LICENSES, AS REQUIRED BY L E G I S L A T I O N THE ENVIRONMENT DEPT HANDED THE RES- OURCES I I N I s T E R A L I S T OF H I G H CONSERVATION VALUE FOREST ARSAs THAT SHOULD B E CON ECTi"N "NTiL THESE BE CONFiRMED OR THE EASTERN STATES ED WORTHY OF FURTHER V E S T I G A T I O N j BUT AFTER J U S T A COUPLE o DA s CURSORY THE DESTRU T I O N OF 12i! OF THESE S ITES, AND S$T A I D E A MERE b2m FM E A T I N G L E T A MAJOR CO TROVEOSY R I D E 4 LONG FOR 5 WEEKS BEFORE DECIDING TO PROTECT 50 AREAS OF WHICH 22 ARE ON THE'HATIONAL !STATE PVERY NE (?) I S UPSET - ENVIRONMENTALISTS, LOGGERS, WOODCHIPPERSj AND BOTH HALVES OF THE ~ B O U R CAUC- A S . 8EEMS A PRETTY S T U P I D WAY TO RUN A COUNTRY It4 GETTING EVERYONE O F F S I D E BY SHEER INCOMPETENCE.

THOSE 509 PLACES ARE WELL LESS THAN ONE HALF OF THE RECOMMENDED AREAS, NOT EVEN 40%, NOT EVEN A F A I R COMPROM- I S E ,

PRIOR TO T H l S BATCH OF LICENSES, TO MY KNOWLEDGE MR BEDDAL HAS ISSUED ONLY 2 I N H I S C A Y A C I T Y OF M I N I S T E R AND THEY HAVE BOTH BEEN SUCCESSFULLY CHALLENGED I N THE COURTS, GLAD HE I S NOT ON OUR S I D E ,

TO THE M I L L - SURELY MORE THAN A BY-PRODUCT OF SAWMILL ING

AN AMAZING F CET OF THIS WHOLE C O N T R O V ~ R S Y IS THAT THE FEDERAL LABOUR DECISION MAKERS (CERTAINLYNOT THE ELEC- TED M A J O R I T Y f J U S T I F Y THE D E C I S I O N AS M A l N T A l N l N G EMPLOYMENT , WHILE THE NSW LABOUR O P P O S I T I O N W I L L PROTECT A L L OLD GROWTH FORESTS "TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT", GUESS WHICH BRANCH OF THE PARTY I S FACING AN E L E C T I O N And some 0 6 t r t c rkng l r t e deathuc.t*on 0 6 anc4en.t 6 0 h r d t 4 . THE s OKESPERSON

HE FOREST MS ROBYN LOYDELL IS ON RECORD AS SAYING THAT THERE ARE f8R0bJ EMPLOYED

THERE WAS S A I D TO B E 800 JOBS CREATED I N THE TWO NEW L I C E N S E AREAS ISSUED, ONE I N ~ L D , , THE OTHER WHICH I AM UNAWARE, SOMEONE HAS TO DEFINE JUST WHERE AND HOW MANY JOBS WILL BE LOCATED BEFORE WE BELIEVE THAT REMARK.

Beafi 4 n mind - VIRTUALLY EVERY OLD GROWTH FOREST I N EAST N AUSTRALIA I S E I T H E R DOMINATED BY RAINFOREST SPECIES, R ELSE HAS A STABLE UNDERSTORY OF PLANTS W I T H A A F F I N I T Y AND ARE THE FORERUNNER OF A FUTURE, EMERGENT. a AINFOREST I

EF AN OLD GROWTH FOREST I S J U S T THAT - AN AREA OF VEGETATION HAVING A H I G H PERCENTAGE OF TREES, GENERALL DOM- INANT, WHICH HAVE REACHED M A T U R I T AT TIMES, THE EXCUSE FOR LOGGING THESE ELAFES I S THAT I T I S NOT 6 L D GROWTH - I T HAS BEEN LOGGED OVER '1b0 YEARS AGO (OR SUCH S I M I L A R STATEMENTS, . I VE NOT HEARD ANY OF T H SE WHO WISH T o KEEP T H I S SMALL REMNANT OF OUR VEGETATION DECLARE THAT THEY ARE I N A P R I S T I N E C O N D I T I O N , OD e RowTt i HAS BEEN OCCASIONALLY DISTURBED - SOMETIMES B Y MAN I N THE PAST WHEN I T WAS VERY S L E C T I V E L Y LOGGED; MAYBE T A K I N G 1 OR 2 TREES PER HECTARE, OR B Y NA URAL OCCURRENCES, SUCH AS THE DEATH AND OR F A L L I N G DOWN OF A TREE f THROUGH OLD AGE, D I S E A S E OR BAD WEATHER, HERE I S NO DIFFERENCE - OLD TREES ARE OLD GROWTH,

MEMBERSHIP LIST RAINFOREST S1 R Alley PO Box 89 KURRAJONG 2758 C Andersen 109 Govenors Dr LAPSTONE 2773 K Andersson Comboyne Rd KILLABAKH 2429 Aust Food Plants Study Group C/O L Lindsay 323 Philip Av FRENCHVILLE 4701 Aust National Botanic Gardens Library PO Box 1777 CANBERRA 260 1 A Batley It2 Baden Rd KURRABA POINT 2080

P Bennett 20 Belmore Crt PINE MOUNTAIN 4306 C Bentley 2 Drovers Way LINDFIELD 2070 J Benyon PO Box 193 MILTON 2538 J Beskin PO Box 228 HORNSBY 2077 Big Scrub Environment Centre 149 Keen St LISMORE'2480 L Bud 4 Ann St BUNDAMBA 4304 PT.Bredy 14 Wintergreen PI WEST PENNANT HlLLS 2125 J Brass 15 Patricia St KARALEE 4306 D Bray Doyles River Rd ELANDS 2429 C Broadfoot PO Box 154 BELLINGEN 2454 B Buck 37 Bushland Dr TAME 2430 R Burgess 58A Livingstone Av PYMBLE 2073 G Caddy 8 Quest Av YOWIE BAY 2228 T Carlsson Metiorvagen. 11 26900 Bastad SWEDEN 0 Carter 8 Vanity St TOOWOOMBA 4350 C Chaffey 13 Acacia St WOLLONGBAR 2477 V Collis 19 Cowarra Close WAUCHOPE 2446 R Cook 16 Buckley's Rd WINSTON HILLS 2153 S Crick 6 Judith St SEAFORTH 2092 B Croft Lot 3 Pmtons Lane TYAGARAH 2481 P Croft 127 Hoff St MT GRAVAlT 4122 M Cullen RMB 6 ASHBY 2463 Cycad Study Group c/o L Butt 25 Ortive St YERONGA 4104 L Dallman PO Box 61 8 WAUCHOPE 2446 G Daly c/- Post Ofice NORTH NOWRA 2541 C & T Deane 18 Coolabah Cr FORESTVILLE 2087 G Drury 11 Parkes Rd COLLAROY 2097 G DuiMdge 13 Dix-on St SEAHAM 2324

J English Reids Rd WOOMBYE 4559 P Fisher 10 Gull PI TASCOlT 2250 M Foster 80 Priesbnan Av UMINA 2257 H Franz MS 652 GOOMERI 4601 S Frederich 28 Hibiscus Cr PORT MACQUARIE 2444 Rev A Fricke MS 483 Hamilton Rd GYMPIE 4570 S Gallagher Lot 24 Junction Rd BURPENGARY 4505 T & P Gibian 37 Carters Rd DURAL 2158 G Goadby 123 Haven Rd PULLENVALE 4069 M Godfrey 1 Madiera PI SYLVANIA 2224 H Goostrey 3 Dorset PI ELANORA 422 1 J Groutsch 'Bendemere' PO BOX 19 TOCUMWAL 2714 B & M Hacobian 9 Sanctuary Av AVALON BEACH 2107 L Harper 40 Moynihan St ASCOT 4007 Dr E Hegarty 5 Jenkinson St MDOOROOPILLY 4068 T Henshall 210 Princes Hwy MILTON 2538 N Hockey McHughs Creek Rd via BOWRAVILLE 2449 L Hoey 35 1 Brooldield Rd KENMORE HILLS 4069 R Home Lot 381 Green St ULLADULLA 2539 N & D Hoy 99 Cooper St NORTH ROCKHAMPTON 4701 J Hunter & S Homn PO Box 273 WRRIGO 2453 B Jahnke 11 Goldsbrough Rd TARINGA 4068 R Jeavons RMB 2500 Kulnura via GOSFORD 2250 D & B Jenkinson 676 Comboyne Rd BYABARRA 2446 V Jimmieson 55 Foxglove St MT GRAVAlT 4122 D Johnson 134 Phillip Cres BARELLAN POINT 4306 S Johnston Coolamon Scenic Dr MONTECOLLUM 2482 B & N Jones 105 Wallalong Cr WEST PYMABLE 2073 H & A Joyce 6 Lansdowne St EASTWOOD 2122 T & P Jupp 51 Deborah St KOTARA SOUTH 2289 P & D Jurd 5 Hearnville St ROBERTSON 4109 J Kaminski Rush Creek DAYBORO 4521

\I KMPM<E I0 P~WO,WWA R 3 CJJE 2066

I Kinvan 5 Curtis Rd EMERALD 3782 P Lane 17 Ernest St BALGOWAH 2093 D Lang 2 Gladys Av FN5NCHS FOREST 2086 G Lawton MS 827 School ~d BUNDABERG 4670 K & A Ley I Havelock Court LOWER PLENTY 3093 P Lightfoot 64 Ridgeway Rd NEW LAMBTON HEIGHTS 2305 D Little 17 Heath St BEXLEY NORTH 2207 Dr G Long 23 Fowler St CAMPERDOWN 2050

A Lyons Pacific Hwy VALLA 2448 N Marrion PO Box 107 STAWELL 3380 N McCaithy 68 Holbetton St TOOWOOMBA 4350 J McNicol PO Box 5292 WEST END 4101 C McPherson 2 19A Gymca Bay Rd GYMEA BAY 2227 R Melzer 35 Lucas St NORTH ROCKHAMFTON 470 1 P Merrotsy Gradys Creek via KYOGLE 2474 L Morgan 13 Allens Rd MONTMORENCY 3094 T Morris 9 Hampstead Rd DULWlCH HILL 2203

C Newling 6 Kilian St WINSTON HILLS 21 53 H & N Nicholson Terania Rainforest Nursery THE CHANNON 2480 D Noel PO Box 27 SUBlACO 6008 G Nosworthy 609 Grandview Rd PULLENVALE 4069 Nth Rivers Rainforest Nursery BURRINGBAR NSW 2483 W O'Comor Waddells Rd MCHOLSON 3882 D Olbrich 90 Benelong Rd CREMORNE 2090 J Olsen Unit 16 1 15 Elm St ELSTERNWICK 3 185 A Palmer 126 Lyons Rd DRUMMOYNE 2047 J Parkii & R McLeay PO Box 153 BELLINGEN 2454 P Parsons PO Box 141 DELORAINE 7304 R Payne 15 Mountain Ash Way UMINA BEACH 2257 S Phillips 83 Pacific Dr PORT MACQUARIE 2444 C Pidd 50 Croyden Rd ROLEYSTONE 61 1 1 Rev A Podlich 86 Raceview St RACEVIEW 4305 D Pryke 15 Matson Cres YOWIE BAY 2228 A Pyle 84 Victoria Av CHELMER 4068 S Quimell Lot 8 Rossleigh Court Yugar via SAMFORD 4520 L Radunz 46 Caber CI DURAL 2158 D & P Ratcliffe PO Box 68 RAYMOND TERRACE 2324 G Reed PO Box 8 17 INDOOROOPILLY 4068 G Rice 2 1 Doreen Cr BAULKHAM HILLS 21 53 J Ross Lacebark Rainforest Nursery CORAMBA 2450 G Rowland 63 Nelson St ROZELLE 2039 B Rymer 48 Annangrove Rd KENTHURST 2156 SGAP Blue Mountains PO Box 23 GLENBROOK 2773 SGAP Canberra Region PO Box 217 C M C SQUARE 2608 SGAP Co-Ordinator PO Box 15 1 BULLEEN 3 105 SGAP Foothills PO Box 65 BORONIA 3155 SGAP Geelong PO Box 387 BELMONT 3216 SGAP Maroondall PO Box 33 RINGWOOD 3134

SGAP Mid North Coast Lot 2 / Rosewood Rd WAUCHOPE 2446 SGAP NSW Region 3 Currawang PI COMO WEST 2226 SGAP NSW Region R23 West Wilchard Rd CASTLEREAGH 2749 SGAP NSW Region 860 Henry lawson Dr PICNIC POINT 2213 SGAP New England PO Box 735 ARMIDALE 2350 SGAP Nowra PO Box 618 NOWRA 2541 SGAP SA Region 19 Waikerie Ave HOPE VALLEY 5090 SGAP SA Region 17 Gambia Av HAMPSTED GARDENS 5086 SGAP TAS Region GPO Box 1353 P HOBART 7001 SGAP VIC Region B Mylius 10 Lloyds Av CARNEGIE 3163 S Sadlier 84 Chelmsford Av EPPING 2121 C Shackel 19 Arafura St UPPER hlT GRAVA'IT 4122 P Shanahan 2 Poinciana Dr BORONlA HElGHTS 4124 A Siliakus & W Tubbenhauer Lot 5 Bagotville Rd MEERSHAUM VALE 2477 N Silke 20 Veronica Dr MUDGEERABA 4213 L Simpson 80 Dawson Pde KEPPARA 4054 S Sinclair 3 Biscayne Dr MT WAVERLEY 3149 J Sked PO Box 41 LAWNTON 4501

P smith (9 U f l S H S R 3 R m w 3665 0 Sneddon 54 Oleander Av PORT MACQUARIE 2444 L Snell 50 Whitfield Pde SOUTH HURSTVILLE 222 1 P Steele 8 Wiga PI PORT MACQUARIE 2444 AB Stockley 18 Schloss St TOOWOOMBA 4350 E Taylor 74 Francis St RAYMONDS HILL 4305 T Teutsch 9 Richards Av EASTWOOD 2 122 D Thorns 9 M i Rd DENISTONE 21 14 P nompmn - % ~ R - S B T i i s 21 Jenanter h KANGAROO VALLEY 2577 S Tornquist 121 Sherbrook Rd ASQUITH 2077 I & S Trahau 56 Forestway FRENCH'S FOREST 2086 H Tranter 12 McGuinness Dr ROBERTSON 2577 TIIF€ 12 Ans~r l r l adr 5 7 &&dZ~.y +OSy

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D Vance Lot 18 Zipf Rd REDLAND BAY 4165 M Walker PO Box 425 PORT MELBOURNE 3270 Wallum Study Group c/o B Henderson MS 1063 1 Farrow Rd 4520 G Walters PO Box 45 1 TUMUT 2720 J Ward Fahey Rd MT GLORlOUS 4520 G Warn 3 Ylt%/r\l&A (4. CCt? D m * uq d S a E Weatherhead 63 Bellbird Cres BLAXLAND 2774 J Wenk 21 Leanda St PORT MACQUARIE 2444 G Wenzel 6 Brigadoon Cr EPPING 2 12 1 R Wickham l l Edgar Rd SAN REMO 3925 Wildflower Society of WA PO Box 64 NEDLANDS 6009 M Williams 20 Henson St SUMMER HILL 2130 T Williams LWthI/M& RQ SyMW 2 y c t b J & E Wilton 34 Buttenshaw PI AUSTINMER 251 5 R Woodford c/o PO Dunoon via LISMORE 2480

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4280

CUR THANKS TO PETER FMITH FOR PREPARING THIS LIST, MEFBERS SHOULD USE IT TO LIAISE WITH OTHERS IN THE GROUP WITH SIMILAR INTERESTS OR WHO LIVE HANDY, MOST OF YS WOULD APPRECIATE CLOSER CONTACT; THOSE WHO PREFER TO 'DO THEIR OWN THING WILL TELL YOU,AND THEIR PRIVACY SHOUU) BE RESPECTED,

XY TALLY OF MEMBERS IS 171 SPREAD EASQNABLY WIDELY AROUND THE COUNTRY, I'D L I KE. -A HIGHER REPRESENTATION FR0.M. P tO!?TH ~ L D ; AND PEOPLE AROUND DARWI ?! AND THE ~<IMBERLEY SO THAT WE CAN F I N D OUT WHAT GOES ON I N THOSE PLACES,