judge made federalism: different approaches in common law and civil law federal systems thomas...
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Judge made Federalism: Judge made Federalism: Different approaches in Different approaches in
Common Law Common Law and and
Civil Law Civil Law Federal SystemsFederal Systems
Thomas FleinerThomas FleinerCentres of FederalismCentres of FederalismVilla Vigoni October 2005Villa Vigoni October 2005
To what extend is the dialogue To what extend is the dialogue With regard to Federalism With regard to Federalism on the rule of law different on the rule of law different according to the countries according to the countries belonging to the family of belonging to the family of
common or civil law system? common or civil law system?
What are the consequences for What are the consequences for Analyzes of Federalism? Analyzes of Federalism?
Key Questions:Key Questions:
IntroductionIntroduction
HistoryHistory
Common Common LawLawEnglandEnglandUSUS
Continental Continental LawLawFrench French RevolutionRevolution
DevelopmentDevelopment
CommonCommonLaw:Law:FamilyFamily
Civil Civil LawLawSovereign-Sovereign-ty Legis-ty Legis-laturelature
Notion of the StateNotion of the State
Civil LawCivil Law Common LawCommon Law
CollectiveCollectiveBig Bang Big Bang LeviathanLeviathanRightsRightsPrivate LawPrivate LawPublic LawPublic Law
IndividualismIndividualismPursuit of Pursuit of HappinessHappinessRightsRightsClassical (common) Classical (common) Law is Judge made Law is Judge made LawLaw
Concept of theConcept of theConstitutionConstitution
Civil LawCivil Law
Parliament: VolontéParliament: VolontéGénéraleGénéraleStat as InstrumentStat as Instrumentto Change societyto Change societyConstitutions limitConstitutions limitand empower and empower GovernmentsGovernments
Common LawCommon Law
Judge is alsoJudge is alsolaw-makerlaw-makerState as moderatorState as moderatorConstitutions limitConstitutions limitGovernmentsGovernmentsLaw and natural Law and natural JusticeJustice
Rule of Law and FederalismRule of Law and Federalism
RuleRuleOfOf
LawLaw
Rule of LawRule of LawRule of theRule of the LawLaw
Legitimacy ofLegitimacy ofCourtsCourts
ProceduralProceduralSubstantiveSubstantivelawlaw
Fed
era
lism
Fed
era
lism
USUS
EuropeEurope
Two paral-Two paral-lel „states“lel „states“
JudiciaryJudiciaryLegislatureLegislature
Fed.UnitsFed.UnitsImplementImplement
LegislatureLegislature
Basic Principles of Common lawBasic Principles of Common law
NoNoHierarchyHierarchy
OfOfnormsnorms
Parallel legal systemsParallel legal systems
Dualistic systemDualistic system
A „right“ needs a judgmentA „right“ needs a judgment
LegitimacyLegitimacyOf Of
JudiciaryJudiciary
Stare DecisesStare Decises
Democracy JuryDemocracy Jury
Natural Justice – Natural Justice – Due ProcessDue Process
Adversary systemAdversary system
Basic Principles of Civil lawBasic Principles of Civil law
HierarchyHierarchyOfOf
AuthorityAuthority
„„Stufenordung“Stufenordung“
JusticeJustice
AdministrationAdministration
Substantive lawSubstantive law
Inquisitory systemInquisitory system
Ministre JugeMinistre Juge
Access to courtAccess to court
Justice – VolontéJustice – VolontéGénéraleGénérale
Public law immunityPublic law immunity
IndepenIndependancedance
Of Of Judiciary?Judiciary?
Access to Justice against failures of authorityAccess to Justice against failures of authority
Civil LawCivil Law Common LawCommon Law
Actions or FailuresActions or Failures
Prerogative writsPrerogative writsCommon law writsCommon law writs
InjunctionInjunctionProhibitionProhibitionHabeas CorpusHabeas CorpusMandamusMandamusCertiorariCertiorari
Traditional CourtsTraditional Courts
Administrative actAdministrative act
ComplaintComplaint
AdministrationAdministration
Administrat. Law CourtAdministrat. Law Court
Limited powersLimited powers All ordinary powersAll ordinary powers
Enforceable if n. compl.Enforceable if n. compl.
ComplaintComplaint
No
Cont
empt
of C
ourt!
No
Cont
empt
of C
ourt!
Contempt of Court!
Contempt of Court!
ConclusionsConclusions
State - AuthorityState - Authority
Civil LawCivil Law Common LawCommon Law
Substantive Law v. Procedure Substantive Law v. Procedure
Access to CourtAccess to Court
LegislatureLegislaturePoliticsPoliticsPartiesPartiesJusticeJustice
Judge JuryJudge JuryPrecedentsPrecedentsPrinciplesPrinciples
Adversary SystemAdversary System