july quill 2011

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G LD NUGGETS is a blog for and by GPOC members. Gold Nuggets is an informational

hub for members to keep up-to-date with GPOC news and events. We encourage you to emailyour news items and information to the webmaster at www.gpoc.com.

Join GPOC on FACEBOOK! You need your own Facebook account.Access GPOC on FACEBOOK through a link on the GPOC website.2011

july

quill

THEPROSPECTORS

official publication of The Gold Prospectors of Colorado volume 38 no.7POBox 1593, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80901

insidePresidents Letter, Continued ! 2Contacts! 2July Calendar! 3The Old West Lives On ! 4Gold Hoax! 4Fire Bans ! 5Reminders! 5Reclamation! 5Historical Long Tom Accounts! 5Long Toms! 6Long Toms! 7Prospecting the Internet! 8Big Bens Long Tom ! 8Hand Prospecting Chart 8

California Dredging 9

GeoCommunicator 9Membership Meeting Minutes ! 10Placer Mining Summary! 11

www.gpoc.com

Fellow Prospectors;

The snow is melting fast and the rivers,

streams and creeks are swollen anddangerous! Please use caution out there asthe water is swift and the rocks are rollin'.With record snow falls this year everythingon the river bottoms is getting turned overand here comes the new gold. On June 11th and 12th we had a LongTom demonstrat ion and out ing onProspector 1 and 2 but the river was sohigh the road was 2 1/2 feet under water onboth sides of our claims. We had torelocate the outing to Point Barr which wasa wonderful experience, as about 30people participated over the weekend. The

Long Toms were so successful that ourparticipants cut the 13 foot Long Toms into

sections and took them all home. Goodgold was recovered and the reclamation inthe area was done to where the area

looked better than when we got there.Kingdom Days in Breckenridge was a

very pleasant experience this year and wetruly enjoyed our stay in the condos. Theextreme amount of snow in the hillscomplimented our show helping to make ita unique event. We really want to thank allthe wonderful volunteers who really workedhard to make this show a success.

So next year we have decided to enter theOut House Races and the name of ourteam has been dubbed "THE MOTHERLOAD." Details will be in a future Quilledition. We need some fast 100 yard

dashers for that one.

continued on page 2
http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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GPOC The Prospectors Quill Vol. 38 No.7 WE ARE ELECTRONIC at www.gpoc.com 2

President

Ben Higley

[email protected]

Vice President

Wayne Wittkopp

vicepresident@gpoc.

com

Secretary

Elise Pearce

[email protected]

Treasurer

Bill Smith

[email protected]

Webmaster

Stacey Smith

[email protected]

Editor

Lin Smith

[email protected]

Contact Info

for all club activities

Bob Hale

(719)213-3383

Membership

[email protected]

Claims

Marty Witcher

[email protected]

Trustees

One Year

Gary Beaderstadt

Two Year

Diane Anderson

Three YearJim Blakenship

GPOCcontacts

Gold Prospectors of ColoradoP.O. Box 1593

Colorado Springs, Colorado 80901

The Prospectors Quill is the official newsletter ofthe Gold Prospectors of Colorado. The opinionsare those of the authors and do not necessarilyreflect those of the club or its members. Theeditor, club, officers, and contributors do not

assume any liability for damages resulting fromuse of information in the Prospectors Quill.Articles of interest are welcomed. All articlessubmitted for publication are subject to editing.

Submission of articles must be received beforethe 20th of the month. Unless noted, non-profitsmay reprint or quote from articles, providedcredit is given to the authors and publication

and a copy of the newsletter the article appearsin is sent to the editor of The Prospectors Quill atPO Box 1593, CS CO 80913. All pictures are theproperty of the photographer and are not to becopied or reproduced.

The information provided in the Quill is accurate

as possible. I want to thank you in advance for

pointing out my mistakes! However, it is YOUR

responsibility to research resources and make

sure that you are in compliance with all laws and

regulations, as well as following the GPOC

CODE of ETHICS.

The GPOC is a 501(c) charitable organization

www.gpoc.com

Presidents Letter, continuedJune 24th, 25th and 26 the Rocky Mountain Federation Show at the Western Mining

Museum of Industry 225 North Gate Road had many different booths from all over the

United States with rocks, gems and minerals. The Yellow Jacket Stamp Mill operated twice

aily with 20 foot long Shaker Tables and complete operations of processing just like it

was100 years ago.

July 2nd, 3rd and 4th we will need volunteers to help us host Founder s Day in

Frisco.This event is in celebration of the start ofFrisco Coloradoand the Independence

Day fire works over the Lake are spectacular. The show is in the downtown old Historic

Park in a rustic section that truly fits our image as to how it was 151 years ago.

July 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th is a locale event "THE PIKES PEAK OR BUST RODEO"

at the Norris Penrose rodeo grounds on lower Gold Camp Road west of the 8th Street

Walmart. Hours of demonstrations are 4 PM till 7 PM Wednesday, Thursday and

Friday. Saturday is from 10Am till 6 PM. They usually comp us rodeo tickets for ourolunteers so the more you volunteer the better chance of seating availability for you. You

ave my word.

July 30th and 31st is Burro Days in Fairplay and this is a show we will be doing in

onjunction with an event on our Beaver Creek claims. Last year our outing where we

amped had 3 inches of snow so the time of year doesn't make us exempt from inclement

weather at11,500 feet above sea level, so be prepared.

August 5th, 6th and 7th is the Colorado Gold Panning Championships at 225 North

Gate Road at the Western Museum of Mining and Industry Sponsored by the Cripple Creek

and Victor Mining Company who is the only United States mining company owned by Anglo

Gold Ashanti Corporation.

September 16th, 17th and 18th is the Denver Gem and Mineral Show at the Denver

Merchandise Mart on 56th Avenue East of I-25. We need volunteers on Friday in particular

as we have several thousand school kids and it is crazy.

September 24th is Public Lands Day where we all volunteera day of reclamation for

oth the BLM and Forrest Service to make an attempt at lessening the impact of mining onublic lands. In addition to enhancing our relationship with the Department of Mining and

Reclamation as well as the governmental agencies allocated to monitoring the impact we

ave on the environment. This is a positive relationship that keeps us from not having the

anctions like California and many other States are experiencing right now.

On a Sweeter note, I had the opportunity to go on a Steve Veatch field trip who was our

eader and Danny Kite our exploration geologist who works forANGLO GOLD ASHANTI

Colorado) cooperation for a tour of the Cripple Creek and Victor Gold Mine in Victor

Colorado. Wegot to go down in the mine and see a blast and collect samples. A visit to

hemain crescent lamprophyre in the center of the pit was a very different experience as

his is the actual magma tube that produced all the alkaline magmatism in the caldera

reating the5 kilometer wideLudlum in the Cripple Creek and Victor area.

We also toured the rock crushing facility where you can see all the rock being crushed

own between two vibrating steel plates to a 4 inch rock and then sent on a series of

onveyors to another crushing facility to further crush it to 3/4 inch before it's put up on the

each heap.

On the leach heaps, the piles are draped with drip hoses and the rock is now saturated

with a cyanide leach fluid that is only water with .031% Cyanide. A chemical compound

onsisting of a carbon atom triple bonded to a nitrogen atom.

After all this we went into the processing center where the gold in solution is being

econstituted from thecyanide solutionby straining it throughburnt coconut shell carbon

or recovery.

Before any one asks, I will arrange to set up mine tours for our members in 12 person

roups as this is a maximum.

Good prospecting to everyone,

Sincerely, Big Ben, President 2011

Prospectors Quill

EditorLin Smith

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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July

meetings events events events

ca en ar

For further information contact:

Bob Hale(719) 213-3383www.gpoc.com

Please refer to the information

below for further events

Claims CommitteeMeeting

There will be no formalclaim meeting during thesummer.

7th

Board Meeting

Gold Hill Police Station

7:00 PM

955 Moreno Avenue,CS, [email protected]

2nd, 3rd, 4th

Founders DayFrisco, Colorado10AM-4:30 PMhttp://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/Volunteers needed to

help with GPOC gold

demonstrations

13th,14th,15th,16th71st Pikes Peak or

Bust RodeoNorris Penrose

Center Colorado

Springs,CO

13th-15th-4PM-7PM

16th 10AM-6PM

Volunteers needed tohelp with GPOC golddemonstrationshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/events

30th, 31st

63rd AnnualBurro DaysFairplay, Colorado

9:30 AM-4PMVolunteers needed t

help with GPOC gold

demonstrations. Yo

will need to obtain yo

own hotel

accommodations.

http://

www.burrodays.com

pages/schedule.htm

13th

General

Membership

Meeting

Herb Hendricks

Presentation

7:00 PM

3400 N.Nevada

CS, CO

11th-17th

Crested Butte

Wildflower Festival

www.crestedbuttewil

dflowerfestival.com

23rd

Model Trains &Train History

See info below

August

5th,6th,7th

Colorado StateGold PanningChampionships

Western MuseumMining & IndustryColorado SpringsCOSponsored by

Cr ipple Creek a

Victor Mining Compa

GPOC Summer Events

July 2nd, 3rd, 4th # Founders Day, Frisco, ColoradoJuly 13th,14th,15th,16th Pikes Peak or Bust Rodeo, CS, COJuly 30th, 31st # Burro Days, Fairplay, ColoradoAugust 5th,6th,7th,# Gold Panning Championships, CS, COSept. 16th, 17th, 18th Denver Gem & Mineral Show, Denver,CO

Colorado State Gold Panning Championships

Friday, August 5 Saturday, August 6 Sunday, August 7

Old Timers Team State

All Juniors Womens Worlds Dry

National Mens

Model Trains and Train History Saturday, July 23

Stew Brown, local historian and railroad buff, will entertainparticipants with stories about the history of railroading in ChaffeeCounty, concentrating on the narrow gauge trains that ran from1880 into the 1920s. Kids of all ages will enjoy seeing operationalindoor and outdoor G Gauge models of those trains.

Participants will also have an opportunity to view Stcollections of memorabilia, old telephones, art, and hisphotographs of the area.Times: To carpool from Salida meet at 9:00 am at public parwest of the Salida Safeway; from BV meet at 9:00 am at pparking behind Ks Dairy; 9:25 am all participants must methe parking at the entrance to Mesa Antero for directions. Ouwill end at 11:30 am. Cost: $5 GARNA members; nonmembers or join GARNAand the class is free; free for under 12. Preregistration is required by printing out registration form and sending in your payment. hchaffeecountyheritage.org/

Summer Rock Shows in Colorado

July 9-11 Durango, COFour Corners Gem & Mineral Club, La Plata County Fair Grounds, Fr

Sat 10-6, Sun 10-5; www.durangorocks.org .

GPOC State Gold PanningChampionships

August 5th, 6th,7th WMMI, CS, CO.

August 12-15 Buena Vista, COThe Rock Show at Buena Vista: A CONTINental Divide TAILgate

August 20-22 Lake George, COLake George Gem & Mineral Club, U.S. Hwy. 24, 8am-5pm,

admission
http://garna.org/pdfs/Reg%20form%202011%20GARNA%20Programs.pdfhttp://www.durangorocks.org/http://www.durangorocks.org/http://chaffeecountyheritage.org/http://chaffeecountyheritage.org/http://chaffeecountyheritage.org/http://chaffeecountyheritage.org/http://garna.org/pdfs/Reg%20form%202011%20GARNA%20Programs.pdfhttp://garna.org/pdfs/Reg%20form%202011%20GARNA%20Programs.pdfhttp://garna.org/application.htmhttp://garna.org/application.htmhttp://www.crestedbuttewildflowerfestival.com/http://www.crestedbuttewildflowerfestival.com/http://www.crestedbuttewildflowerfestival.com/http://www.crestedbuttewildflowerfestival.com/http://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.burrodays.com/pages/schedule.htmhttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.coloradospringsrodeo.com/eventshttp://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/http://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/http://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/http://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/http://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/http://www.townoffrisco.com/events/4th-of-july/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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The Old West Lives Onhttp://www.heritageaspen.org/hallexh2.html

Spring, 2008 VolumeX X V I I I , N o . 3Colorado SheriffBy Sheriff Ed Holte, LakeCounty

In the mid 1800s a United

States Cavalry soldier witha dragoon unit was riding

through the western end ofthe Kansas Territory when

he died and was buried ina wooden box near the

b a n k s o f t h e u p p e rArkansas River. He wasburied with his Great Coat

made of dyed-blue wool,with brass buttons that had

the U.S. Cavalry eagle and the letter D on them. Therehe silently stood guard over the river and the people who

would later travel by his unmarked grave on the LeadvilleStage Road, and then later on Colorado State Highway

24 south of Leadville, Colorado. He watched numerousfishermen travel by his silent sentinels position until July18, 2007.

On this day Brock DeWalt from Chaffee County was onthe Arkansas River fishing when he observed a human

bone near the banks of the river. DeWalt contacted theLake County Sheriffs Office where he dealt with, now

Lieutenant, Aaron DMize. Deputy DMize went to the sitewith DeWalt who showed him the exact location. D Mizelocated the femur bone on the ground of a slope that had

eroded away. He started to dig around the area andlocated the pelvic girdle, then other bones lying just under

the ground. Thinking he had a crime scene, hephotographed and documented the evidence as he

unearthed it. Soon he came across the rotted remains ofthe wood casket. Then he found a remnant of a dyed bluepiece of wool. Then he found the square iron nails and

brass buttons that were corroded and barelyrecognizable. Once the scene had been cleared of all

retrievable evidence and the body turned over to LakeCounty Coroner Debra Bailey, the research began.

Through an anthropologist, Coroner Bailey determinedthat the remains were of a white male between 35 and 45

years old. Communications Supervisor Diana Holtecarefully cleaned the buttons until they could berecognized, then she and Deputy DMize spent several

hours on the internet and telephone tracking down theinformation that was available to them. They learned that

the buttons were from a Great Coat worn by U.S. Cavalrysoldiers. The coat was made of wool, which was dyedblue. They also discovered that the letter D stood for a

dragoon unit, which was part of the U.S. Cavalry fromabout 1833 to 1861. They learned that it was a common

practice for soldiers who were leaving the military to selltheir uniforms to incoming soldiers so they could then buy

civilian clothes to return home. There were no

homesteads in this area at the time and no cemeterieseither, so they were pretty sure it was a field burial

Records from the time are difficult to locate, if they existand so the identity of the soldier was not determined.

What started as a crime scene turned into a historylesson. It just goes to show that an officer of the law mustkeep his eyes and mind open all of the time because you

just dont know what you are going to find. The remains oour Kansas soldier were re-interred on January 25, 2008

in the Colorado State Veteran Memorial Cemetery inGrand Junction, Colorado.

Gold Hoax The Orange Roughie orWashington Nugget? by Lin SmithIn an apparent attempt to defraud investors, a gold nuggetweighing 9 pounds and auctioned for $460,000 in March 2011

has been purported to have been found inAustralia and not Northern California

as claimed. The so calledWashington nugget describedat its auction as: being foundusing a metal detector coming

from an unmined area known asthe blue lead or bottommos

layer of the Tertiary gold channels inCalifornia was originally found in Australia in 1987 and was soldfor $50,000.

Its current owners claimed it had been found on the LostScotchman mine in the Washington District, California. On theiweb site a picture of the nugget leads investors to think that ihad been found in California and not in Australia as claimed byMurray Cox and his partner Reg Wilson in Rokewood, Victoria.

An ancient Treasure, the Lost Scotchman Mine, which was losto the miners of the California Gold Rush of 1849, was recentlydiscovered near the South Yuba River in the gold country region

of the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. 130 ounces ogold nuggets, the largest weighing 9 pounds (the Whopper)were found during a brief exploratory assay of private land atthe bottom of a canyon. The news of the discovery made fronpage stories in newspapers and magazines and was featuredon the Fox, ABC, CBS and NBC television networks. NOWTHROUGH THIS DISCOVERY, YOU CAN BE A PART OF THIS

NEW GOLD RUSH! This is information provided on the LosScotchman mine website. Because this supposed hoax wasonly just uncovered in mid-June there is probably more to thisstory. When the price of gold goes up history has shown us thathere will always be scams!

For more information on this nugget please refer to: http:/www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-FamousCalifornia-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.lostscotchmanmine.com/index.htmlh t t p : / / w w w . t heun ion . c om/ a r t i c l e / 20100430 / NE W S100429649&parentprofile=search

Coin World Actual origin of Washington nugget might beAustralia http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-

of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/

If you have a subscription to ICMJs Mining Journal read thisarticle about the original purported find. http://www.icmj.comarticle-notloggedin.php?id=844.
http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.theunion.com/article/20100430/NEWS/100429649&parentprofile=searchhttp://www.lostscotchmanmine.com/index.htmlhttp://www.lostscotchmanmine.com/index.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.icmj.com/article-notloggedin.php?id=844http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.coinworld.com/articles/actual-origin-of-washington-nugget-might-be-a/http://www.theunion.com/article/20100430/NEWS/100429649&parentprofile=searchhttp://www.theunion.com/article/20100430/NEWS/100429649&parentprofile=searchhttp://www.theunion.com/article/20100430/NEWS/100429649&parentprofile=searchhttp://www.theunion.com/article/20100430/NEWS/100429649&parentprofile=searchhttp://www.lostscotchmanmine.com/index.htmlhttp://www.lostscotchmanmine.com/index.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2000990/Fools-Gold-Famous-California-nugget-sold-460k-actually-discovered-Australia.htmlhttp://www.heritageaspen.org/hallexh2.htmlhttp://www.heritageaspen.org/hallexh2.htmlhttp://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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Fire Bans and No More Warnings

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. -- TheU.S. Forest Service is upset thatpeople are ignoring fire restrictions inthe Pikes Peak Ranger District, sothey're beefing up patrols and thereare no more warnings.Forest Service officers are out day

and night enforcing the fire ban.Fire Prevent i on Office r DawnSanchez says the signs are up tomake it clear - campfires are notallowed anymore, but people areignoring the fire ban.So, Sanchez says the Forest Serviceis done warning people about the fireban, "We are no longer writingwarnings, we're writing tickets at thispoint. They are a $325 ticket and if wefind a campfire we are going to ticketthose people."She says they issued 16 tickets in 2

days last week, just in the Pikes PeakRanger District.If you have questions about fire bans,contact the forest service or your localfire department.

REMINDERS

To all of our Club Volunteers. Please

remember that the gold provided in thedemonstration troughs at events ISNOT to be collected by any GPOC clubmember including children of members!No snuffer bottles or pans other thanthe metal pans provided are to be usedin the troughs. If you take any suppliesfrom the store they are to be paid for.This would include bottles and snuffertubes.

RECLAMATION

All GPOC members are reminded that

according to the clubs policies youmust refill your prospecting holes. Thisis a part of our Plans of Operationspresented to the BLM as well as beingin the GPOC Code of Ethics. This isfor the safety of all those using ourclaims as well as for the welfare of thelocal wildlife.Recently, a club member refused to filltheir prospecting holes and they losttheir membership!

Historical Accounts of a Long Tom

The tom or long tom, an instrumentextensively used in the Californian

mines in 1851 and 1852, but nowrarely seen, is a wooden trough about

twelve feet long, eighteen inches wide

at the upper end, and widening at thelower to thirty inches, with sides eight

inches high. It is used like a board-sluice, but has no riffle-bars, and at the

lower end its bottom is of sheet-iron,perforated with holes half an inch in

diameter. This sheet-iron is turned upat the lower end, so that the waternever runs over there, but always

drops down through the perforatedsheet-iron or riddle, into a little riffle-

box, containing transverse riffle-bars.A stream of water of about ten inches

makes a "tom-head"or the amountconsidered necessary for a tomthrough the tom, which has a grade

similar to that of a board-sluice. Thedirt is thrown in at the head of the tom,

and a man is constantly employed inmoving the dirt with a shovel, throwing

back such pieces of clay as are notdissolved, to the head of the tom, and

throwing out stones. From two to fourmen can work with a tom; but theamount of dirt that can be washed is

not half that of a sluice. The tom maybe used to advantage in diggings

where the amount of pay-dirt is smalland the gold coarse. The riffle-box

contains quicksilver, and as the dirt in itis kept loose by the water falling downon it from the riddle above, a large part

of the gold is caught; but where theparticles are fine, much must be lost.

Gold Mines and Mining, by John S. Hittell,1864

This was really an improvement othe rocker and bumper, and the la

were never again used where the LTom could be obtained and workedwas a simple contrivance, merely

inclined box with side boards sixeight inches high, and low crossb

two or three inches deep extendfrom one side of the box to the oth

Over all a perforated plate of sheet-was placed, which received the graand water from a long inclined sluice

box into which the w a t e r wconducted and the dirt and gra

thrown. A man stood upon, or on side of, the perforated iron a

shoveled off such rock and gravelcould not pass through the screen. Tgold, sand and smaller particles

gravel passed down upon the rifflwhere the metal sank and the ligh

material was washed off by the acof the Avater. It was supposed w

the "Long Tom" made its appearathat the great desideratum for

miner had been reached, and thawas useless to pursue furti nves t iga t i ons l ook ing t o

improvement of mining appliances, one by one other boxes were add

with cross-bars or "Hungarian" rifplaced within them, and, as no g

reached the "Tom," it was finally aside, and the string of sluice boxes"horses" succeeded the former clum

appliances. This change was effecin the years 1852 and 1853,

miners appeared to feel satisfied wtheir means for working the

placers.History of Montana. 1739-1885: A history its discovery and settlement ...edited by Michael A. Leeson page 231,

Chicago Warner Beers & Company 1885.
http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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Long Tom (Broad Tom)by Lin Smith

The methods used to recover fine goldfrom placers saw frequent advancements.Methods were continuously developed asthe demand for gold increased andreadily accessible gold diminished. Earlymining methods were tedious, laborintensive and inefficient. The progressionof early mining methods began with the

miners pan, the cradle, the long tom, theriffle box or sluice, the ground sluice,booming or gouging, to hydraulic mining.We are all familiar with the miners pan,which we all use in some modified fashionto this day. The cradle was similar to anold fashioned childs cradle, where a boxmounted on rockers was rocked backand forth. It was found that the labor-intensive rocker was not as efficient asdesired, leading to the introduction of theLong Tom, which had a greater capacity.The sluice box is often confused inhistorical photos with the Long Tom in that

the designs were similar. Ground sluicingused larger quantities of water processingmore material. It was basically a ditchdug at an angle, which created a strongcurrent. The walls were lined with rocksor timber. The cleanup of ground sluicingwas accomplished with a rocker, longtom, or a short sluice. Ground sluicingwas replaced by hydraulic mining, aquicker method. Booming or gougingwas similar to ground sluicing except itused a sudden rush of water from areservoir instead of a continuous streamof water. The cleanup in booming wasthe same as that used in ground sluicing.

The origins of the Long Tom are oftendisputed, but in a newspaper article in theUnion Democrat on February 3, 1855 thefollowing is quoted: Long Toms in GoldMining, Mr. Editor: Having noticed of lateseveral accounts in the Golden Era,respecting the first introduction of theLong Tom in the California mines, and asthey all uniformity are incorrect, in point oftime and place, I beg submit the followingstatement, in order to satisfy all who may

an interest in the matter, and to do justiceto the parties who introduced it.

The Long Tom cannot beclaimed to be a product of Californiaingenuity, as it has been in use in theGeorgia mines for thirteen years. It wasintroduced into California in March, 1850,by a party of Georgians, who wereoperating on Greenhorn Creek atributary of Bear River in Nevada County.

It was an uncouth contrivance, beingformed out of a large pine-tree, with theax and the adz. Its utility becomingknown in a short time, the minersintroduced it in the Hill Diggings atNevada City. In April following, therewere nearly one hundred in operation, inthat place and vicinity.

Nor can the Box Sluice beclaimed as a native invention. Georgiahas the honor of this also. This simpleplan of washing was put in operation, forthe first time, in California by Dr. Kinsey,on Lairds Hill, Nevada City, about the

10th of the last mentioned month. Thisgentleman had the honor of introducingthe system of Ground Sluicing also. Mudsill Whom ever introduced the longtom in California is of little importance asit was soon replaced by the more efficientsluice.#

All methods were relatively simple andemployed some of the same principals.The specific weight of gold makes itpossible to use similar methods usingriffles and some form of matting to trapthe gold. Gold has a tendency to resist

the flow of water allowing for its capture.The Long Tom had many features, whichmade them desirable for the early miners.Their cost was low and the materials usedto construct them were readily available.Because wood was lightweight the longtom was easy to transport and repair orreplace onsite. The material placed in thelong tom did not need to be pre-classified.Due to their size, several miners wereable to work the same long tom, allowingfor processing of larger quantities ofmaterial.

There are several forms of the Long TomHence one of the advantages of a LongTom, is that they could be adapted to avariety of conditions as long as there wassufficient water. They were made largeor smaller depending upon the type omaterial that was processed, the availablebuilding materials and depending uponthe individual desires of the builder. Theusual Long Tom was an inclined trough o

modified sluice box that was slightlyraised on stones or timbers, made of 2inch lumber to withstand the abrasion othe gravel. The Long Tom was usuallybuilt in three sections. The upper sectionwas a sluice box 6 to 12 feet long, 8inches deep, and 12 inches wide, thebottom of which was lined with sheet ironto save wear and tear. Lengthwise rifflesmay have been placed in this section asthis section was used to initially breakupthe material. The middle section was 6 to12 feet long, about 20 inches wide at theupper end and increasing to 30 inches a

the lower. This section is also lined onthe bottom with sheet iron. The bottom othe widest portion consisted of a strongperforated sheet iron screen or tom ironwhich was inclined at an angle of 45degrees. The perforations were about 1inches in diameter. The lower section, oriffle box, was 6 to 12 feet long by 36inches wide. The riffle box was made ofrough planks and was also placed on anincline, but only just so that the watepassing over it allowed the bottom to becovered with a thin coating of fine mudIn this way, gold and a few of the heavies

minerals found their way to the bottomand were trapped, especially by the helpof the removable riffle bars placed at righangles. Sometimes, a little mercury wasput behind riffles to assist in retaining thegold. Canvas, burlap, carpet or similamaterials were placed at the bottom othis section to catch the gold. The gradeof all three sections was about 1 inch pefoot. The drop between sections aided inbreaking up lumps of clay and freeing thecontained gold.

Spanish Flat,

Working a Long

Tom, 1852

Starkweather,

Joseph B., California

State Library

Arkansas River, Working a Long Tom 201

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GPOC Code of Ethics

Key Points to Remember

Members will be thoughtful,

considerate, courteous, and

informative to those around

them at all times.

Members must observe all

Forest Service, BLM, and U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers

regulations and all property

rules concerning fines, tree

cutting, littering and mining.

Members and guests must

also abide by Federal, State,

and local law, rules and

regulations, where applicable.

Always carry your club

membership card and be

courteous when asked to

show it on club claims.

Private property owners that

allow us to prospect on their

property may also have

additional rules to follow, and

these will be respected.

Always refill any holes and

excavations you dig.

Members who disregard Club

rules and regulations or theCode of Ethics are subject to

suspension or revocation of

their Club membership.

The Long Tom was placed in position asnear the ground as possible and the waterentered the upper end, either through acanvas hose or trough. Where there wasonly a small amount of water available itwas not recommended using a long tom,however inventive methods were createdto supply water, such as dams, canals,aqueducts or water-lifting wheels. Two ormore men shoveled the gravel into theupper end, initially breaking-up thematerial and the water carried it downwardto the middle section where a third manstirred the gravel on the tom iron until allexcept the larger stones had passedthrough. The stones were forked out andthrown aside. The miner used a sluice-fork, which is like a large manure-fork orgarden-fork, with blunt tines of equal widthall the way down; the bluntness preventedthe tines from catching in the wood, and

the equality of width prevented the stonesfrom sticking in the fork. The smallerparticles of gravel and gold passedthrough the tom iron and into the riffle boxwhere the gold was held by the riffles,while the gravel passed out the lower end.Toms were cleaned up periodically, thegold and amalgam from the riffle box beingwashed or cleaned with cradles or a pan.

The old-fashioned Long Tom was abou14 feet long. It was followed by the"Victoria" and the "Jenny Lind," or " BroadTom." The latter is only 6 feet to 7 feet inlength, 12 inches wide at the upper endand 3 feet at the lower end. From two tofour men work at one washer of this classone man being required to rake and workthe material in the first section anddischarge the coarse gravel and stoneswhich collected against the riddle, whilethe others were employed in diggingmaterial and shoveling it into the trough. Atimes the riffle box was supplemented by aseries of sluice boxes, which had mattingin the bottom for catching the very finegold. It was found that the longer the tomthe more efficient it was. A treatise onprospecting: blowpiping, mineralogy

assaying, geology ... By InternationaCorrespondence Schools. The Colliery

Engineer Co., Burr Printing House, NewYork. 1899. Pgs. 14-15)

The Double Long Tom was used in areasthat contained finer gold. It had two plates(sieves) instead of one with the secondplate (sieve) having finer holes placedabout 6 to 8 inches below the first. Inaddition, the riffle box was divided into 3 o4 parts with the two boxes located at therear being placed about 6 inches highethat those in front.

In Nevada a form of the Long Tom thawas used was a sluice box 12 or 16 fee

long mounted on springs so that it couldbe rocked by a small gasoline engine. Athe feed end a perforated plate about twofeet long was fastened above a small rifflebox. In the lower portion of the box werthe usual sluice-box riffles. The shorupper section of riffles was frequentlycleaned out to prevent loss of gold.

The amount of material that could beprocessed in a day varied due to the typeof gravel, the supply of water and thenumber of miners working the Tom. Theamount of material that could beprocessed in a Tom in eight hours by twomen averaged 5 cubic yards of gravel andfrom 3 to 4 cubic yards of cementedmaterial.

Despite its name, the Long Tom wasshorter than the sluice. Though thought tobe a convenient, economical and effectivemethod, the Long Tom quickly met itsdemise, being replaced by the sluiceSome sluices did use a modified portion othe Long Tom in part of their constructionModifications of the original Long Tomsand sluices are stil l used today

The Long Tom, continued
http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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PROSPECTING THE INTERNET

Meet The Meteorite Men

Astronomy Now's Nick Howesinterviews Meteorite Men GeoffNotkin and Steve Arnold about theirmeteorite hunting secrets. Find outmore, including how to win one offive pieces of an asteroid, the Moon

or Mars, in the July issue ofAstronomy Now! http://www.astronomynow.com/mag/1107/meteoritemen.html

U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1050The United States Geological Survey: 1879-1989

By Mary C. RabbittA history of the relation of geology during the first 110years of the U.S. Geological Survey to the developmentof public-land, Federal-science, and mapping policiesand the development of mineral resources in the UnitedStates

http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1050/index.htm

Introduction to Topographic Mapshttp://geology.isu.edu/geostac/Field_Exercise/topomaps/index.htm

Maps that deal with the surface changes on the earthare called topographic maps. This exercise will look athow topographic maps are created, what informationthey contain, how you can use them with a compass toget where you want to go, and how to measure therelative positions of points of interest.

Much of the information discussed is applicable to alltypes of maps, but for the exercises associated with thistutorial, the emphasis will be on information contained ina 7.5 minute topographic map. Here is a link for USGS

information regarding maps.

Topographic map symbols

http://edc2.usgs.gov/pubslists/booklets/symbols/index.php

Historic Topographic map symbols

http://metaldetectingworld.com/topographic_symbols/old_usgs_topo_symbols/index.htmThe Perry-Castaneda Library Map Collection at theUniversity of Texas at Austin has begun an ambitiousproject to scan all available pre-1945 USGS topographicmaps for all US states that dont currently have themavailable online.

Do It Yourself, Homemade Gold Sluice Box

http://nevada-outback-gems.com/design_plans/

DIY_hand_sluice/hand_sluice.htm

http://nevada-outback-gems.com/design_plans/

DIY_equipment.htm

ARecirculatingS

luiceBoxforGo

ldProspecting

http://www.instruc

tables.com/id/A-r

ecirculating-sluic

e-box-for-gold-

prospecting/

GoldDredgerdot

ComDiscussio

nForums

HowLONG,Lon

gTom?

http://golddredge

r.com/forum/view

topic.php?f=11&t=

737&start=10

MetalMes

hforBuildingYo

urOwnSluice,Cl

assifiers,etc.

http://www.mcnichols.com/pr

oducts/expanded

/standard

GoldCountryOu

tfittershttp://gold

countryoutfitters.com/

sluice-1.htmThe

yalsohavepart

IIIontheirsite.

HowToBuildan

dOperateaSlui

ceByGaryWeis

haupt

[PDF]FrameFab

rication

[PDF]RiffleDes

ign

C mparison of Hand PlaceMcClelland (1

Mining Methods18)

Method Water Requirements inMiners Inches per CubicYard

Productivity in Cubic Yardsof Gravel per Man perDay

Pan n.m. 1 cubic yard/day

Rocker >1 miners inch cubicyard

>2 cubic yards/day

Sluice 1 miners inch/3.5 cubicyards

5 cubic yards/day

The above diagram shows the Long Toms Big Ben built for

GPOC outing on the Arkansas River. The main box is made of pand lined with carpet, your choice. A highbanker is placed at the end to provide a constant flow of water. (You might come up wanother source for supplying your water. )Prescreen the material yadd. (Look at the picture on page 6, which shows a large screen twe shoveled the material onto to pre-classify.) To clean, remove rifand carpet and wash in a bucket to capture the gold. Placecontainer at the end of the Long Tom before you wash out the LoTom to recover any remaining gold, otherwise you will wash awayyour hard work!

Big Bens Prospectors Long Tom

Open Open

Small wooden riffle block Removable carpet on bottomEasily removes for cleanup

Side ViewRiffleCarpet
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8/6/2019 July Quill 2011

9/12


California DredgingInterested Parties

I am receiving quite a few requests for information, so I offer the following update.

The public comment period closed on May 10 and DFG commenced the review of all comments.

Over 9,000 email form letters were received opposing any and all suction dredge mining. Several

hundred form letters were received through regular mail supporting suction dredging. Many

additional letters with substantive and detailed comments were also received. There is a lot of

information to sift through, organize and consider in preparing the Final EIR and Final regulations.

We have been and continue to work on those tasks. We said before we expected to complete the

regulatory process in November of this year. We are capable of meeting that goal, unless we aredirected otherwise by the legislature and the Governor.

Many of you know that the legislature has been considering language which would extend the

current moratorium another five years, with certain provisions for ending the moratorium earlier and

also restrict the use of State funds to continue the regulatory process.

Budget Trailer Bill AB 120, (amended June 8, 2011), and approved by the Assembly (on June 15)

and Senate (on June 10) includes the following language on page 6:

"(12) Existing law designates the issuance by the Department of Fish and Game of permits to

operate vacuum or suction dredge equipment to be a project under the California Environmental

Quality Act (CEQA), and suspends the issuance of permits, and mining pursuant to a permit, until

the department has completed an environmental impact report for the project as ordered by the

court in a specified court action. Existing law prohibits the use of any vacuum or suction dredge

equipment in any river, stream, or lake, for in stream mining purposes, until the Director of Fish andGame certifies to the Secretary of State that (a) the department has completed the environmental

review of its existing vacuum or suction dredge equipment regulations as ordered by the court, (b)

the department has transmitted for filing with the Secretary of State a certified copy of new

regulations, as necessary, and (c) the new regulations are operative. This bill would modify that

moratorium to prohibit the use of vacuum or suction dredge equipment until June 30, 2016, or until

the directors certification to the secretary as described above, whichever is earlier. The bill would

additionally require the director to certify that the new regulations fully mitigate all identified

significant environmental impacts and that a fee structure is in place that will fully cover all costs to

the department related to the administration of the program."

I am not aware of any action taken yet by Governor Brown on this bill.

The Senate (SB 98) and Assembly (AB 98) budget bills, which passed both houses on

June 15, included the following language:

"The funds appropriated in this item shall not be used by the Department of Fish and

Game for suction 3. dredge mining regulation, permitting, or other activities, except

litigation and enforcement costs."

Governor Brown vetoed this bill.

It remains unclear when the State budget will be signed by the Governor and take

effect. If the above budget language and trailer bill language is ultimately included in

the approved budget, DFG's current interpretation is that we must terminate further

work on developing a Final EIR and regulations. In the meanwhile we are continuing

work on both the Final EIR and regulations.

I have been asked by several members of the public if we can expedite our work so

the regulations take effect sooner rather than later, so that we could be finished before

being directed to stop work. In my opinion, that approach is neither feasible or

productive. There is simply too much substantive public comment to consider, respondto, and integrate into the Final EIR and regulations. This work takes time and it

provides no enduring value if it is not done well.

Mark Stopher

Environmental Program Manager

California Department of Fish and Game

601 Locust Street

Redding, CA 96001

voice 530.225.2275

fax 530.225.2391

cell 530.945.1344

[email protected]

GeoCommunicator

May 13, 2011

Customers using GeoCommunicatorstreaming map services (ArcGIS,ArcIMS, and WMS) will notice areduction in available map and featureservices effective May 23, 2011. Thereduction in data reflects the landsand mineral data that was removedfrom the interactive maps. PLSS, BLMlands, BLM abandoned mines, BLMrange allotments and wild horse &burro areas, as well as the webservices for GeoCoder, Find andDerive Land Description (LD) andSurvey Exporter are not affected.

February 24, 2011

The Bureau of Land Management(BLM) has determined the need tochange the services and dataprovided from the GeoCommunicatorwebsite. Some services and

information previously provided will nol o n g e r b e h o s t e d b yGeoCommunicator, however, mightstill be obtained from the respectiveBLM State Offices governing thesubject lands or area. You areencouraged to either visit thewebsi tes associated wi th thehyper l inks or to conta c t theappr opr i ate data mana ger oradministrator from the Contact Uspage for further information oravailability.This includes the removal of all of the

BLM land and mineral informationcoming from LR2000 including oil andgas leases and agreements, coalleases, oil shale leases, renewableenergy, rights-of-way, unpatenedmin ing c la ims, land patents ,w i t h d r a w a l , l a n d d i s p o s a l s ,exchanges, etc. as well as the non-BLM federal surface managementagency data (USFS lands, non-federal lands, state lands, otheragency lands). Data that is notmanaged by the BLM was alsoremoved from the map viewers.

The data was removed over concernsof data quality. The Bureau is workingto develop a means of supplyingaccurate data for the eliminatedthemes, but no time frames areavailable. As information becomesavai lab le we w i l l pos t i t onGeoCommunicator.

http://www.geocommunicator.gov/blmMap
mailto:[email protected]://www.geocommunicator.gov/blmMaphttp://www.geocommunicator.gov/blmMaphttp://www.geocommunicator.gov/blmMaphttp://www.geocommunicator.gov/blmMaphttp://www.geocommunicator.gov/GeoComm/contact.htmhttp://www.geocommunicator.gov/GeoComm/contact.htmmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/

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Gold Recovery Equipment

Designed and Built in Colorad

3-4 Stage Design

For Superior Recovery of Colorados Flour Gol

Sluices

Highbankers

High Volume/Pressure Pumps

Call for a free demonstration of the Unique

Designs

byBobButlerBuenaVista,Colorado719-395-2003

Get ready for

PRIME PROSPECTING SEASON

Let us help you:* convert your high banker to a dredge

* replace worn parts and hoses* stock up on needed supplies

* or just get some new stuff

The Rock Doc

17897 US Hwy. 285 | Nathrop, ColoradoHighway 285

between Buena Vista and Salida719.539.2019

Open 7 days a weekClub permits sold HERE one stop

HoursJune -August

Monday - Friday 9 - 5:30

Saturday 9 - 5

Sunday 10 - 5

General Membership MeetingJune 8, 2011

President Ben Higley opened the meetings at 7:23 with the Pledge ofAllegiance.

President Ben Higley talked about Herb Hendricks, one of the firstmembers of GPOC in 1974.

President Ben Higley introduced 12 new members. President Ben Higley asked if anyone went out prospecting, 8 members

talked about what they had found. Two week ago the water was running at 700 feet per second and now it

is running at 3,000 feet per second on the Arkansas. The price of gold today is $1536 an ounce. Last months General Meeting Minutes were approved. Treasure report by Bill Smith. There is a total of $24,000 in GPOC

accounts. The treasure report was approved. Bill Smith thanked Paul Harloff for the use of his garage for building new

troughs. Larry Wilnau discussed Tin Pan Prospectors outside of Alma where you

can pay to pan and highbank. Larry also informed the members of anew area in Fairplay on the righthand side of the bridge as you entertown. This is also a pay to play area with decent gold.

President Ben Higley reminded members that the Outfitters store isavailable at the meeting tonight.

GPOC Board members and the Quill Editor were introduced.

Shirley Wilnau, Championship Chairperson, had no report, but there willbe a meeting during the Rock Fair. Jim Blankenship spoke about this weekends long tom outing on

Prospector 1 & 2. Members were made aware of the current fire ban. Jim discussed the new club claims in the Leadville area where you canonly pan and sluice. The next outing is at Beaver Creek on July 30th &31st.

President Ben Higley reviewed upcoming events: Kingdom Days inBreckenridge on June 18th & 19th, WWMI fair on June 24th,25th,26th,& Pikes Peak or Bust Rodeo on July 13,14,15,16.

Gary Beaderstadt presented gold for 6 volunteer days. Ben Higley & BillSmith for building troughs, Benny Higley for the Broadmoor event, LindaJent and Richard Stockton, & Howard Divilbliss for Territory Days.

Stacey Smith, Web Master, discussed an issue about club members failingto do reclamation work after prospecting on GPOC claims in violation ofGPOC Code of Ethics. One member was placed on probation andanother member had their membership revoked.

Stacey Smith is working on the GPOC By-laws and Constitution which willbe soon be completed.

President Ben Higley announced that there were donated hosesavailable for members for free.

Break Herb Hendricks presented a program about his prospecting adventures in

other countries. Meeting was adjourned.

State Gold Panning Championships 2011 Judges Rules

Judges will be wearing yellow ribbons. Head Judge: Dermit Judge: Stacey Smith Judge: Larry Weilnau

The first competition of the day will start promptly at 10 am. The

second competition will be at 1 pm and the third will be at 3 pm. There will be a lunch break for competitors, judges, and volunteers. Sign-ups will promptly close 15 minutes before each competition. No late entries will be accepted! Exact times for each competition will be posted on the competition

announcement board. The Official Rules for competition may be found on the GPOC

website. Juniors must choose to compete in Juniors or Adult Competitions.

They are not allowed to compete in both.

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PLACER MINING TECHNOLOGY S MMARY 1850s -18 5

TECHNOLOGY DATES LOCATION VOLUMEWORKED

SOCIALPATTERN

CAPITAL SUPPORTSYSTEMS

Pan 1851 Any promisinggravel

100 cu. yds/day

Miners employedfor wages

Substantialinvestment-Ditches,pipe, giant, sluices,undercurrents

Ditches,electricity

Compound hydraulic >1895 Deep gravel >500-1000cu. yds./day

Miners employedfor wages

Substantialinvestment-Ditches,pipe, giant, elevators,steel sluices,

undercurrents,drainage ditches,settling pond sluices,undercurrents

Ditches,electricity,drainagecanals

MIDDLEFORK RV RESORT255 US HWY 285

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h ll l

The

Prospectors

quill

GOLD PROSPECTORS OF COLORADOPO BOX 1593COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO80901

THE P

The Quill is available online only UProspectors Quill in print your yearly s

label and it will have when you need tmembership and multiply it by $1.25.

ROSPECTORS QUILL Mailed

NLESS you wish to receive it by mail. If you wish to receive Thebscription fee will be $15.00 for a mailed copy. Look at your mailingrenew your membership. Take the number of months left on yourThat will be your cost for the rest of your CURRENT membership.

DATE

NAME

STREET ADDRESS

CITY, STATE, ZIP

EMAIL

MEMBERSHIP EXPIRES

AMOUNT BASED ON MEMBERSHIP

PAYMENT

MONTHS LEFT IN MEMBERSHIP YEAR X $1.25 =

CHECK AMOUNT CHECK NUMBER

MAIL YOUR PAYMENT AND THIS FO M TO: MEMBERSHIP GPOC PO BOX 1593 COLORADO SPINGS,

COLORADO 80901

Quill Advertising RatesCONTACT OVER 1,000 GPOC MEMBERS

[email protected] for a 3/8 margin on all sides of your advertisement. Payment mube received before placement. Send advertisement with check to: GPO

Quill Editor, PO Box 1593, CS, CO 80901Deadline for placement 20th of the month

Sizes are approximate

Prices Per Issue

Business Card Size $ 6.00 4 x 5 (1/4 page) $12.00 5 x 8 (half page$24.00

POC VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES FOR JULY 2011

July 2nd, 3rd & 4th Founders Days Frisco, Colorado

July 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th Pikes Peak or Bust Rodeo

July 30th & 31st Burro Days Fairplay, Colorado

Bear Warning!"A bear warning has again been issued in the National Forests for this summer. All forest users are being urged to protect themselves

carrying pepper spray and wearing little bells. Campers should be alert for signs of fresh bear activity and should be able to tell thedifference between Black Bear and Grizzly Bear dung. Black Bear dung is rather small and round. Sometimes you can see fruit seeds

or squirrel fur in it. Grizzly Bear dung, on the other hand, is larger, smells like pepper spray and has little bells in it."
http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/http://www.gpoc.com/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gpoc.com/

july quill 2011

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