june 2014 food security & nutrition working group eastern and central african region agenda june...

June

201

4Food Security & Nutrition Working Group Eastern and Central African Region

Agenda

June 19, 2014

Co-Chair: IGAD & FAO

09:30-10:30

Situation Analysis & Outlook:

Food security conditions, hotspots, prices, climate, nutrition & refugees

Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forum (JJA) Forecast – El nino Update

FAO, WFP, FEWSNET, ICPAC, IPC, ACF, UNICEF, UNHCR

ICPAC

10:30 -11:30

Presentation:

Situation and Response Analysis Framework: A new approach to Contingency Planning.

Response Analysis Subgroup

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CHANGING ROLES OF THE FOOD SECURITY & NUTRITION WORKING GROUP

• The FSNWG started around 2002 as an informal meeting of food security practioneers.

• In 2006, the FSNWG became part of Inter-Agency Working Group

• FSNWG has evolved since then and currently include regional government, donor, and non-government and academic bodies.

• With more recent changes within East and Central Africa, the FSNWG needs to be realigned with the new developments, such as the Resilience agenda and doing business differently.

• Once the functions and governance structure of the FSNWG is endorsed by IGAD and FSNWG members, the TORs for the FSNWG will be revised in line with the new changes.

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4Current FSNWG Functions

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FSNWG

Early Warning / Monitoring

Forum & Debate

Subgroups

Strategic Linkages

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FSNWG Proposed Expanded FunctionsJu

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FSNWG

Early Warning – linking to GHACOF /Food and Nutrition Security

monitoring Information sharing and Management

Identification of Research gaps that will

enrich food and nutrition understanding

Debate and inform food and nutrition security policy

issues that are relevant to IGAD and member states

Contribute to information on the

Resilience Agenda and linking to the IDDRISI

Analysis of cross border issues on food and nutrition

security that are of benefit to the region & member states

Regional IPC Analysis

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FSNWG Proposed Expanded Functions

- Responsible for:•Attending meetings

• contributing to information used in food and nutrition updates

•Participate in research to fill in identified

•Two annual meetings involving member states presentations will be held.

•Plenary sessions on food security will be bimonthly

•Ad-hoc meetings will be held as necessary and also for specific thematic topics

-Membership:•Open to interested

NGOs, Private Sector, UN agencies, Donors

FSNWG Plenary

- Responsible for:• Organizing

meetings through the chair

• Taking minutes for meetings

• Maintaining and managing the FSNWG data and websites

• Sharing information with members

-What Constitute the Secretariat• Secretariat could

either be funded by agencies; IGAD, etc;

OR• Agencies rotate on

an annual basis

Secretariat

- Responsible for:• Technical inputs for the food

and nutrition situation• Drafting the FSNWG annual

work plan and strategy• Reviewing the performance

of the FSNWG• Give direction to the

Secretariat• Help in organizing meetings

and events for the FSNWG

Members to include: • UN agencies providing

technical contributions to regional food and nutrition situation

• NGOS providing technical inputs

• Chair (focal persons) of the FSNWG working groups

• Chair (Focal persons) of the Food and Nutrition Sector/Working Group of member states

• IGAD relevant sector

Technical Steering Committee

- Responsible for:• Policy direction• Governance• Resource

mobilization

- Members to include: • IGAD preferred the

ES or nominated Senior Official

• Selected relevant Heads of UN agencies

• Heads of one or two NGOs

• A Country Office selected by the member states

• Chair and Co chair of the FSNWG are the Secretariat

• A Donor funding the FSNWG will be coopted into the Committee

•

Management Steering Committee

- IGAD (The sector within IGAD to be decided by the ES)

- Co-Chair (to be Selected from Agencies that are represented in the Technical Steering Committee)

Chair

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PROPOSED FSNWG REFORM TIMELINE

• Consultation with IGAD secretariat-IDDRSI unit, member states and participating country. July-August

• Consultation with FSNWG members on the FSNWG reforms - August

• Finalizing TOR for the FSNWG August-Sept.

• Launch of the new look FSNWG - Sept

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FSNWG Proposed Expanded Functions

WE NEED YOUR FEEDBACK

June

201

4Current Conditions: Regional Highlights

Many regions are in stressed condition and specific areas are under crisis or emergency (CAR/DRC/South Sudan and part of Afar Region of Ethiopia). Some

areas are at risk of further deterioration (South Sudan, CAR, Sudan)

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4Current Conditions – Regional Highlights

Without urgent action, famine is possible in localized sub‐county of Jonglei and Unity States during the coming 4 months

South Sudan• Impacts of conflict deepening for displaced

populations and host communities, who are under severe food stress, especially in Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile States.

• About 3.5 million people require humanitarian assistance 2.4 million people face Crisis (IPC Phase 3),1.1 million people face Emergency (IPC Phase 4) food insecurity. Current EMOP targets1.3 million.

• About 50 percent of the population in Crisis and 70 percent of in Emergency are located in Jonglei, Unity, and Upper Nile States.

• Over 1.3 million people have been displaced, 1.04 million are displaced internally and about 367,000 are in Ethiopia, Uganda, Sudan and Kenya.

• Prevalence of acute malnutrition at emergency levels (15-30%) in Jonglei (except Pochalla county), Northern Bahr el Ghazal, and Upper Nile. Lakes, Unity, and Warrap States are experiencing crisis levels of acute malnutrition (10-15%).

• Food prices in conflict areas exceptionally high and volatile. Sorghum prices up to three times higher than in other regional markets. Markets have been disrupted and access is impeded.

• Agricultural activities disrupted by limited access to production inputs, loss of capital, constrained access to farms/displacements.

• Households have reduced access to key food and income sources (firewood/charcoal, agriculture labor).

• Flooding likely to worsen situation for the IDPs and residents in Northern BEG, Lakes, Warrap, Unity, Jonglei and Upper Nile.

• Risk of famine in Mayendit, Koch, Panyijar, and Leer Counties in Unity; Ayod, Duk, Uror, and Nyirol counties in Jonglei and Baliet and Panyikang in Upper Nile States.

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Food insecurity worsens with record-high cereal prices and intensified conflict that is likely to continue (Tribal clashes and between SAF and SPLM-N)

Sudan • About 5 million people are acutely food insecure in

Sudan, a 10 percent increase since April, due to conflict, restricted trade, constrained access to humanitarian assistance, reduced access to income sources‘, low production and high food prices.

• Continued conflict in Darfur, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile States has triggered additional displacements of up to 83,500 people. Majority of IDPs in SPLM-N controlled areas are Crisis and Emergency (IPC Phase 3 and 4).

• Another 20,000 South Sudanese refugees arrived in Sudan in April and May. Since the conflict began in December 2013, an estimated 80,000 people have crossed the border into Sudan to White Nile, Khartoum, and South Kordofan States.

• State authorities in South and East Darfur states confirmed large food deficits of 228,000 tons and 175,000 tons, respectively, due to last year’s poor harvest.

• Subsequently, staple food prices are rising and are atypically high - sorghum prices are over 50 percent higher than last year and up to 130 percent higher than the five-year average.

• Current assistance unlikely to cover food deficits; and FEWS NET expects significant food consumption gaps in North, East and South Darfur states.

• ToTs between sheep and sorghum have declined by up to 40 percent due to high sorghum prices which are highest in El Fasher, Nyala, Omdurman, El Damer and El Obeid markets..

• High levels of chronic food insecurity in Red Sea, Kassala, North Kordofan and White Nile States are compounded by high food prices and declining macroeconomic indicators,

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Somalia• Conflict, high food prices, restricted

humanitarian assistance, constrained labor opportunities and mediocre rains, accentuating food insecurity in the riverine and agropastoral livelihood zones.

• Many households in conflict affected urban areas (Buloburte, Jowhar, Qoryoley and Hudur), coastal pastoral areas in central and northeast regions and agropastoral (Middle Juba) are in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• Food security outcomes for poor households in conflict-affected areas in the Shabelle Valley including in Qoryoley and Jowhar Districts, parts of Galgaduud, northern Gedo, Bakool, and parts of Hiraan are deteriorating due to high food prices and unusually low access to labor opportunities.

• Trade restrictions in conflict-affected areas are increasing cereal prices reducing food access for poor households.

• Food insecurity is accentuating in the agropastoral areas in Gedo, Hiran and Togdher regions due to poor crop and rangeland development and limited milk availability after livestock migrated.

• Conflict is expected to intensify, affecting trade, population movement and humanitarian assistance among pastoralists in Bari, Central, Sanag and Gedo.

• An estimated 857,000 people are projected to remain acutely food insecure through June 2014.

Food security is deteriorating in the South due to intensified conflict

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Karamoja food security further deteriorates as the lean season started earlier following below average harvest from the last season.

Uganda • Key areas of concern are the Central Sorghum

and Livestock and Western mixed crop farming livelihood zone in Karamoja.

• Consistent low and erratic rainfall has delayed crop development, reduced livestock productivity and constrained labor availability in the Kaabong, Moroto, and Kotido Districts in Karamoja region.

• The lean season will be prolonged beyond July, and the current Stressed (IPC Phase 2!) could deteriorate further to Crisis (IPC Phase 3) by the end of July, without assistance.

• Karamoja is Stressed (IPC Phase 2!) but only with the presence of humanitarian assistance. Without this assistance, they would most likely be in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• About 40 percent of the population is depending on humanitarian assistance, higher by 20 percent in a normal year. The proportion of household food expenditure is high by 50-70 percent compared to 40 percent in a normal year.

• Reduced agricultural labor income has lowered purchasing capacities constraining food access.

• Poor households will likely be unable to fully meet food needs through July, which if not met by food assistance may result in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• Over 108,000 South Sudan refugees have arrived into Northern Ugandan districts of Arua, Adjumani and Kiryandongo since start of the conflict.

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201


Emergency situation in North – East of the Country

Djibouti

• Poor pastoralists in the Southeast Pastoral Borderside livelihood zone, Obock Region, and Northwest Pastoral livelihood zone are in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). Obock region is worst –affected.

• A 50 percent reduction in humanitarian assistance during May, below average March to May Diraac/Sugum rains, and constrained labor opportunities have accelerated the decline in household food security.

• Less than 30 percent of the population that was targeted prior to June 2013 has access to humanitarian assistance.

• Poor households are unable access food needs without adopting irreversible coping strategies, including increased charcoal production.

• Rates of child malnutrition had surpassed WHO’s emergency thresholds as early as December 2013, in most regions, the worst being Obock.

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Ethiopia

• Poor and very poor households exhausted their stocks earlier than normal, due to a poor Meher harvest in eastern, marginal, agricultural areas in Tigray, Amhara, and Oromia, and in the lowlands in East and West Hararghe Zone in Oromia Region. Poor and very poor households remain in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• About average February to May cumulative rainfall is likely to support a near average Belg harvest from June to August, improving food availability in Belg-growing areas. These areas in Amhara Region are expected to improve from Crisis (IPC Phase 3) to Stressed (IPC Phase 2) from July.

• The March to May Sugum rains below normal in Dalul, Berhale, Erebti, Afedera, Elidar, Bidu, and Kurri Woredas in northeastern Afar Region. Pasture, browse, and severe water shortages are causing abnormally low livestock productivity, reducing household income and food access. Poor households in these areas remain in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• March to May rains have been below average in southern Somali and Borena Zone in southern Oromia. This is likely to lead to early depletion of pasture and water, reducing livestock production and productivity. Poor households remain Stressed (IPC Phase 2!) but only with continued humanitarian assistance.

• Desert locusts have caused limited damage to crops and rangelands in northern Somali and eastern and central Oromia. With control measures underway and anticipated to continue, the infestation is not likely to significantly damage Belg crops or forage availability.

Continued influx of South Sudanese refugees particularly in Gambella.

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201


Kenya

• An estimated 1.3 million people in acute food insecurity, in the southeastern, agropastoral, pastoral and coastal marginal agricultural areas, with majority of the population in these regions remaining Stressed (IPC Phase 2).

• Most pastoralists remain Stressed (IPC Phase 2); except Loiyangalani and North Horr in Marsabit, and Kaaling, Lapur and Loima in Turkana in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).

• Severe deterioration in the agro pastoral areas of Baringo, Narok, West Pokot, Laikipia and Kajiado), currently Stressed (IPC Phase 2 with likelihood of localized areas moving into crisis (IPC Phase 3) from July 2014.

• Slower than normal development of maize in the surplus-producing Rift Valley and western highlands will likely result in average to below average harvest.

• Likely delayed harvesting may contribute to food prices remaining elevated longer than normal hence constraining household food access.

• Food insecurity declining in conflict-affected pastoral areas of Wajir, Mandera, Moyale, Garissa, Marsabit, in addition to heightened food prices, reduced milk availability and below average seasonal rains.

About 1.3 million people remain acutely food insecure in the southeastern, pastoral and coastal marginal agricultural areas.

June

201


Stressed food security outcomes during the peak of the lean season.

Rwanda• Poor households in the Lake Kivu Coffee

livelihood zone and the Eastern Congo Nile Highland Subsistence Farming zone are currently in Stressed (IPC Phase 2) food insecurity through June.

• Rainfall deficits are negatively affecting crops like beans, maize, soybeans, wheat, and peas which are currently at grain filling stages.

• Remote sensing and field reports suggest atypical dryness in many areas of the country which has negatively affected vegetation and crop performance.

• Poor households depleted stocks from own production one month early this year, becoming market dependent earlier than normal and have difficulties covering food requirements.

• Households in these areas resort to coping strategies such as atypical labor migration and sale of livestock, to meet essential food and non-food needs,.

• However, food security outcomes are expected to improve in June, when Season B harvests are available.

• Banana Xanthomonas Wilt Disease is threatening production of bananas and has been declared a national threat by the Rwanda Agricultural Board

June

201


Tensions over 2015 election preparations continued. Risk of reviving ethnic demons.

Burundi • Poor households in the Plateaux Humides and

Dépression de l’Est livelihood zones are in Stressed (IPC Phase 2) as Season B harvests become available.

• Rainfall deficits were observed over the last 30 days during the March to May Season B. Rainfall deficits are likely to reduce overall harvests.

• Prices are higher than average in many markets especially for beans, cassava flour and sweet potatoes, which are between 13 and 41 percent higher than the five-year average.

• Below-average Season B harvests will likely put further upward pressure on staple food prices, as the harvest will be exhausted earlier than usual.

• Poor households have very limited assets and few labor opportunities, and are particularly vulnerable to price variability and have a lower capacity to respond to shocks.

• Households in the Plateaux Humides livelihood zone reported reducing non-food expenditures on agriculture inputs, healthcare and education.

• Atypical migration from Kirundo Province to Bugesera District has been recently reported, due to food shortages.

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Tanzania• With access to food from markets and from recent

harvests, Minimal (IPC Phase 1) is expected from June to September in most areas.

• However, localized pockets of food insecurity are likely in Dodoma, Mwanza, and Mara Regions following below normal March to May rainfall which will likely reduce the size of the Masika harvest.

• Maize and rice prices will likely continue to be stable due to adequate availability of stocks 2013 harvests and likely average to above-average production from the Msimu harvest from May to July.

• There is increasing demand for maize from Kenya, likely leading to higher prices in some border areas.

• Adequate moisture in the unimodal areas and above-normal rainfall received in most bimodal areas has allowed pasture regeneration, and the rains have fully recharged water points for livestock.

Stable food prices across the Country ensure food access for poor households.

June

201


CAR IPC May 2014, FAO

• Insecurity and tensions exacerbate food insecurity particularly in the northwest region of the country (IPC Phase 4).

• Country facing acute and complex emergency esp. in conflict affected areas.

• Performance of most economic sectors have declined since 2012 with implications on income generation.

• Food security situation has deteriorated with the beginning of the lean season.

• 1.7 million are in humanitarian phases (3 and 4), they were 900 000 in those phases in November 2013 the number of people acutely food insecure has likely sharply increased.

• Access to food is curtailed by widespread displacement, depletion of household food stocks, destruction of livelihoods and loss of productive assets, inability to raise income, rising food prices, market disruption or limited access to markets.

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Conflicts a major driver of food insecurity in the country.

DRC FEWSNET, IPC, FAO

• Prices of staples were stable or lower in February than in January.

• Conflict and displacement along the border with CAR, and armed groups in the Kivu region continue to be of concern and cause of food insecurity.

• Chronic food insecurity in some Provinces in the west.

• Poor and borderline consumption common among rural communities

• Food production in 2013 was at average levels.

• The number of people in acute food insecurity and livelihood crisis (IPC phases 3 and 4) estimated at 6.7 million (Dec 2013).

• Nutrition crisis in the west in Mitwaba: lives characterized by food distress (90.7 percent of households affected by food insecurity) and a nutritional emergency (21.6 percent of children six to 59 months prevalence of global acute malnutrition).

http://www.fews.net/east-africa/djibouti/food-security-outlook-update/fri-2014-02-28

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Population in Crisis and Emergency - June 2014

Country Population in

IPC Phase 3 & 4 Burundi 78,948

Rwanda 260,650

CAR 1,700,000

Djibouti 120,000

DRC 6,700,000

Ethiopia 2,736,490

Kenya 1,300,000

Somalia 870,000

South Sudan 3,500,000

Sudan 5,000,000

Uganda 560,000

Tanzania 50,000

Total 22,876,088

Table:

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4Regional Food Security Outlook

Key Areas of Concern:

• South Sudan – Famine (IPC Phase 5) outcomes likely in in localized areas of Unity and Jonglei States during the June-August 2014 period, in the absence of humanitarian assistance.

• Sudan – Emergency (IPC Phase 4) likely to persist in SPLM-N controlled areas of South Kordofan, for at least 40 percent of IDPs and host communities, through September.

• Somalia – southern and central agropastoral and riverine areas, due to conflict, combined with restricted trade, heightened food prices, constrained humanitarian assistance and erratic Gu rains in some parts.

• Ethiopia – Poor households in northeastern Tigray and in the Tekeze River catchment; and pastoralists in northeastern Afar, where Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes are likely to persist through September.

• Djibouti – Obock region where humanitarian access is restricted, including halving of food rations, coupled with exceptionally low household livestock holdings (less than one TLU) negating food access.

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4Nutrition Update

Kenya

Situation analysis: • Case load map to be updated in June following

completion of several surveys

• Nutrition surveys completed in Garissa, Turkana, Samburu. Findings awaiting validation . Preliminary findings indicate deterioration of nutrition situation

• On going surveys include West Pokot, Baringo, Wajir and Mandera counties

• Planning for LRA has begun

Sector provided support to • NDMA in the roll out of new EWS on nutrition

indicators to enhance component of the same

• KDHS during training and actual field work with focus on anthropometric measurements

Other updates• Annual Work plan being finalized.• Nutrition website approved by NTF to go live.

Comments to be sent to [email protected]

About 1.3 million people remain acutely food insecure in the southeastern, pastoral and coastal marginal agricultural areas.

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4

June

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4Treatment of Acute Malnutrition

0

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176,283

420,000

596,283

33,793 42,76576,558

Targeted Reached

• Low acute malnutrition treatment coverage due to:• Service disruption in conflict affected areas• Increased needs and capacity issues

Operational plan underdevelopment to scale the acute malnutrition response

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4

MARKETS & PRICES UPDATE

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Figure 2a: Maize prices in selected markets in East Africa.

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4

Somalia Post-Gu Early Warning (Situation

Analysis)

FSNWG, Nairobi19 June 2014

Information for Better Livelihoods

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4 Post-Deyr Situation

In January-June 2014, an estimated 857,000 people were classified in Crisis and Emergency (IPC Phases 3 and 4) requiring urgent humanitarian; IDPs represent the majority (635 000 or 74%)

Additional 2 million people were Stressed (IPC Phase 2) through June 2014.

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4 ClimateLate start and

largely below normal rainfall in most parts of Somalia;

Moderate March-May rains were received only in: Bay and southern Gedo; parts of Middle and Lower Juba; parts of pastoral areas (Hawd and West Golis) of Togdheer and Woqooyi Galbeed regions in the Northwest.

April 2014 TAMSAT RFE Diff from LTM

Mar-Jun 2014 TAMSAT RFE Diff from LTM

June dk 1 2014 E-modis NDVI

May 2014 TAMSAT RFE Diff from LTM

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4 Climate Forecast

37th Climate Outlook Forum for the Greater Horn of Africa (May 27-28, 2014)

Hagaa and Karan rains (Jun-Aug 2014) Hagaa rains: Increased likelihood of average to slightly below average in the coastal line and adjacent agropastoral areas of Lower Juba and Lower Shabelle regionsKaran rains: Normal to slightly below normal in the agropastoral areas and West-Golis livelihoods of the Northwest regions

Short-rainy season (Oct-Dec 2014)80 percent chances of El Niño occurrence in late 2014, leading to above average rainfall over Eastern Horn of Africa, causing a wide range of river floods and flash floods (Shabelle/Juba river basins; lowlands in agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones across Somalia.

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4 Market PricesRegional Trends in Cereal Prices (SOSH/SLSH)

Regional Trends in Cereal Prices (SOSH) Regional Trends in Cereal Prices (SOSH)

Local cereal prices increased at high rates across southern regions in Jan-May 2014; they have escalated drastically (51-102%) in the Bakool, Shabelle and Hiran regions

Highest increases since a year ago (May 2013) as well as compared to 5yr average are recorded in Bakool (136% and 57% respectively)

June

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4 Consumer Price Index

The CPI change in southern Somalia: 12% increase in Jan-May 2014; 27% increase over the May 2013-May 2014 period

The highest annual increases in the cost of the Minimum Expenditure Basket: Bakool (72%), Hiran (36%) and Middle Shabelle (32%) mostly driven by cereal price increases (40% of the basket cost)

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4 Terms of TradeRegional Trend in Terms of Trade : Labour (Unskilled)

Wage to Cereals (Jubas, Shabelles Banadir)Regional Trend in Terms of Trade Labour Wage

to Cereals (Bay, Bakool, Gedo Hiran)M

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• Jan-May 2014: ToT declined in most regions of southern Somalia; Lowest ToT in May 2014 is recorded in Bakool (4kg/ daily wage)

• Significant annual declines: Bakool (57%) and Hiran (41%)

• ToT goat/ cereals: increased in Jan-May; but fell from May 2013 levels

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Regional Trend in Terms of Trade: Goat Local Quality to Cereals

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4 Early Warning

Late/ erratic Gu rains and conflicts that resulted in looming below average cereal production and increased cereal prices are the major factors affecting food security situation (both rural and urban livelihoods) in the post-Gu 2014; Limited humanitarian assistance as per current projection is unlikely to mitigate the impact (source: Food Security Cluster).

If the El-Nino projection (80% chance) during the next short-rainy season is materialised, further deterioration could be expected in the last quarter of the year due to floods, particularly in riverine areas of southern Somalia

The worst affected areas in the post-Gu, which may lead to downgrading of the IPC phase include: Bakool (agropastoral and urban); Southern Agropastoral livelihood of Gedo and Middle Juba regions; Hiran (agropastoral, riverine and urban); parts of Lower Shabelle region; Cowpea Belt of Central.

Current Crisis (IPC Phase 3) situation is also likely to sustain in Middle Shabelle and coastal areas of Central and Northeast.

Scaling-up of humanitarian assistance is required from now at least up to December 2014.

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4

GHACOF 37 Climate Outlook and El Niño Update

By Zachary K.K. Atheru

IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre (ICPAC)

June

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4GHA Consensus Climate Outlook for the June to August 2014 rainfall season

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4Current Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

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4ENSO prediction

(Courtesy of IRI/CPC)

The chance of El Niño is 70% during JJA and reaches 80% during SOND 2014

June

201

4

Thank you

June

201

4

Situation and Response Analysis Framework:

A new approach to Contingency Planning

June

201

4 CONTEXT

ECHO funded Capacity Building GrantFood Security in Slow-onset CrisesConcern, Oxfam & Save the Children Phase 2 (Oct. 2013-Dec 2014)

Focus Countries: Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Yemen, Mali, Niger, Afghanistan, Myanmar

June

201

4

SELECT APPROPRIATE INTERVENTIONS


IDENTIFY AGENCY PRIORITIES & PARTNERS


COMMUNICATE to Communities & Partners


MAP START-UP TIMELINES & PREPARE


Strategic

CONTINGENCY PLAN

1: RESPONSE ANALYSIS (CONTINGENCY PLANNING)

LIVELIHOODS & MARKETS BASELINES


MAP LIVELIHOODS CALENDAR


DEVELOP DETAILED SCENARIOS


DETERMINE STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES


ForecastForecast

Operational

0: BASELINE ANALYSIS

2: SITUATION ANALYSIS (SEASONAL LIVELIHOOD ANALYSIS)

SITUATION VERIFICATIONSITUATION VERIFICATION

REFINE SCENARIOSREFINE SCENARIOS UPDATED CONTINGENCY PLAN

RESPONSE PLANFEED INTO IPC TECH WORKING GROUP/

CLUSTERS

HEA KEY PARAMETERS

HEA OUTCOME ANALYSIS

DECISION TREES/DECISION-

MAKING TOOL

HEA DASHBOARD (Outcome Analysis)

RAPID HEA PRE-CRISES MARKET ANALYSIS

GUIDANCE

MARKET RESPONSE ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK (linked to/included in Decision Making Tool)

INTEGRATED MARKET ANALYSIS

GUIDANCE

MARKET KEY PARAMETERS

CEP/ CTP TRAINING AND RESOURCES

Why do we need the situation and response

analysis?

June

201

4 Contingency Planning Key Findings

Lack of predictive livelihood analysis = unclear what response options/budget needed;

Contingency plans did not give a clear idea of what point they should be implemented;

Actions proposed generally were not seen to be part of a wider strategy for response;

Contingency planning often a heavy process leading to a ‘dead’ document in a drawer.

June

201

4 Response Analysis Tools

1. Emergency Market Mapping & Analysis (EMMA)2. WFP Market Analysis Framework (MAF)3. FEWSNET Structure – Conduct – Performance Tool4. LEGS: Participatory Response Identification Matrix (PRIM)5. Seed Security Systems Assessment (SSSA)6. WHO Decision Chart (Selective Feeding)7. WFP Decision Tree (Nutrition Interventions / Food Products)8. FAQR Decision Tree (In Improving the Quality of US Food Aid)9. Market Information for Food Insecurity Response Analysis (MIFIRA)10. ODI Good Practice Review Cash Transfer Programming in Emergencies11. ECHO Decision Tree for Response Option12. Save the Children Risk Assessment Tool13. ACT Food Security & Livelihoods Assessment Guidelines14. ICRC Global FSA Guidelines15. ICRC Guideline for Cash Transfer Programs16. ACF Implementing Cash Program17. CARE Benefits / Harm Analysis Tool18. Do No Harm19. Prevention Corruption in Humanitarian Operations20. FAO Response Analysis Framework (RAF)21. WFP Response Analysis Project (RAP)22. Oxfam Response Analysis Guide23. IPC Response Analysis Tool

June

201

4 Response Analysis Key Findings

Little Formal Response Analysis takes placeWhere it does happen it is focused on secondary Level, Operational

Response AnalysisAgency Mandate & Perceptions of Donor Preferences are key

determinants of response choice – but seldom make explicit

June

201

4 Conclusions1. Improving causal / problem analysis is essential for good Response

Analysis2. Response Analysis should be part of contingency planning &

emergency preparedness3. Contingency planning should be an ongoing ‘living’ process not a

single step4. How the work of an agency fits into the larger picture is critical5. How contingency plans relate to decision-makers and timing of

decisions is crucial.

June

201

4

June

201

4 Approach

THREE STAGES:1. BASELINE ANALYSIS2. CONTINGENCY PLANNING3. CONTEXT MONITORING

Understanding the way populations live is critical to understanding the impact of shocks

Understanding livelihoods and markets is seen as minimum (other baseline info can be added)

June

201

4BASELINE ANALYSIS

UNDERSTANDING THE SITUATION

1. LIVELIHOOD BASELINE: HEA1. Standard approach in many Agencies &

Countries2. Quantifies Household Food, Income &

Expenditure3. Compares to Survival & Livelihoods

Protection Threshold4. Enables Modeling of Seasonal Changes

- Rapid HEA

2. MARKET BASELINE: MIFIRA/EMMA

- Minimum Guidance for Market Baselines

June

201

4 Approach


Focus on Preparedness: Contingency Planning using ForecastsEnvisaged to happen every season through district/County level 2

day workshop

June

201

4RESPONSE ANALYSIS

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

A. Develop Detailed Scenarios – e.g. HEA Outcome/scenario analysis

B. Map Livelihood & Scenario Calendars – e.g. predicted rains and impact on pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihoods.

C. Determine Strategic Objectives – comprehensive e.g. immediate food/nutrition needs, livelihoods support, WASH,etc.

D. Select Appropriate Interventions – appropriate eg food assistance, cash transfer, etc.

E. Identify Agency Priorities & Partnerships – based on agency capacity and experience, priorities of partners, etc.

F. Map Start-up Timelines & Decision Points – to ensure timely/early response, decision based on forecasts.

G. Communicate - internally & externally

June

201

4ForecastForecast

June

201

4 Approach


Additional timely info is vital to support decision makers at decision making points

Ongoing context monitoring and specific assessments for verification are recommended

June

201

4Monitoring & Refinement

SEASONAL LIVELIHOOD ANALYSIS

1. Ongoing Monitoring: HEA Key Parameters, Market Information, Seasonal Calendar

2. Situation Assessments: Verification

REFINE SCENARIOSUPDATE CONTINGENCY PLAN ACTIONS“FEED” RESULTS INTO IPC TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP

June

201

4









Strategic

CONTINGENCY PLAN

1: RESPONSE ANALYSIS (CONTINGENCY PLANNING)









ForecastForecast

Operational

0: BASELINE ANALYSIS

2: SITUATION ANALYSIS (SEASONAL LIVELIHOOD ANALYSIS)

SITUATION VERIFICATIONSITUATION VERIFICATION

REFINE SCENARIOSREFINE SCENARIOS UPDATED CONTINGENCY PLAN

RESPONSE PLANFEED INTO IPC TECH WORKING GROUP/

CLUSTERS

HEA KEY PARAMETERS

HEA OUTCOME ANALYSIS

DECISION TREES/DECISION-

MAKING TOOL

HEA DASHBOARD (Outcome Analysis)

RAPID HEA PRE-CRISES MARKET ANALYSIS

GUIDANCE

MARKET RESPONSE ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK (linked to/included in Decision Making Tool)

INTEGRATED MARKET ANALYSIS

GUIDANCE

MARKET KEY PARAMETERS

CEP/ CTP TRAINING AND RESOURCES

June

201

4

June

201

4So what is different? Some key

messages Effective and relevant contingency plans rely on good quality

baseline information, including livelihoods and markets data, as part of a response analysis process;

Contingency plans that recognise and prepare for agency start-up times support the delivery of timely response activities;

Response analysis allows for the generation of early ‘no regret’ activities, that could protect livelihoods early in crisis evolution;

Individual agency contingency plans should form part of an overall multi-agency response strategy, which is based on identified needs rather than on individual agency mandate;

To remain reflective, accurate and useful, contingency planning refinement is an ongoing and iterative process.

june 2014 food security & nutrition working group eastern and central african region agenda june...

Documents

group fsnwg

fsnwg members

fsnwg data

regional food

current fsnwg functions

food security conditions

ghacof food

nutrition updates