Jute in South AsiaJute in South AsiaA Presentation A Presentation

ByByREZAUR RAHMANREZAUR RAHMAN

Former Senior Officer (IJO)Former Senior Officer (IJO)Former Additional SecretaryFormer Additional SecretaryGovernment of BangladeshGovernment of Bangladesh

Jute: The Gift of Nature

JuteJute-- a product of South Asiaa product of South AsiaMore than 98% of total world production More than 98% of total world production of jute is grown in three South Asian of jute is grown in three South Asian countries namely;countries namely;IndiaIndiaBangladesh and Bangladesh and NepalNepal

World production of Jute World production of Jute (average of 4 years 2001/2(average of 4 years 2001/2--2004/05)2004/05)

in thousand tonsin thousand tons

2423242316.8316.83872.75872.751533153324652465

Total Total IndInd , BD, Nepal, BD, Nepal98.2%98.2%

NepalNepal0.61%0.61%

BangladeshBangladesh35.4%35.4%

IndiaIndia62.19%62.19%

WorldWorld100%100%

Jute Plants Kenaf Plants

Jute Fibre Jute Sticks

Jute cultivation is arduous jobJute cultivation is arduous job

Stages of processingStages of processing–– Land preparationLand preparation–– SowingSowing–– WeedingWeeding–– HarvestingHarvesting–– Extracting of fibreExtracting of fibre–– Washing & cleaningWashing & cleaning–– DryingDryingTakes 120 days to complete processingTakes 120 days to complete processing

SowingSowing WeedingWeeding

harvestingharvesting RettingRetting

Women Extracting fibre Women Extracting fibre from retted jute plantfrom retted jute plant

Professional way of extraction & washing

Drying Drying Transportation To MarketTransportation To Market

Jute products and their usesJute products and their usesJute is a versatile Jute is a versatile fibrefibre

It can be used independently and in blends with It can be used independently and in blends with other other fibresfibres and materials such as plasticand materials such as plastic

Major manufactured products from jute are:Major manufactured products from jute are:–– Yarn & TwineYarn & Twine–– SackingSacking–– Hessian cloth and Hessian cloth and –– Diversified jute goodsDiversified jute goods

Jute Goods Manufacturing Activities

Jute Yarn Jute Twine

Jute Sacks Hessian Cloth

Geo-Jute applications

Road Construction Vegetation

Erosion Control

Array of non-traditional goods produced by transforming jute to numerous value-added products through innovations and applications of artistic skills.

Diversified Jute Products

Jute blended home textile materialsJute blended home textile materials

Blended Jute Fabrics

Jute Bags

Jute mats and floor coverings

Shoes

& Sandals

Decorative table mats

Pulp and Papers

Jewellery

Jute reinforced

Plastic Chairs

Jute non-woven used in

automobile body parts

DJPsDJPs account for hardly 10% of total jute account for hardly 10% of total jute fibrefibre consumption.consumption.DJPsDJPs are are SMEsSMEs and and decentraliseddecentralisedEntrepreneurs lack resource, expertise Entrepreneurs lack resource, expertise and market accessand market accessUNDP and CFCUNDP and CFC’’s support to s support to DJPsDJPsrecalledrecalledMore needs to be doneMore needs to be done

Benefits of Jute & Jute GoodsBenefits of Jute & Jute Goods

Young tender leaves of jute plants are dietary Young tender leaves of jute plants are dietary supplementssupplementsJute cultivation improves soil fertilityJute cultivation improves soil fertilityGreen jute plants provide oxygen to atmosphereGreen jute plants provide oxygen to atmosphereBioBio--degradable and redegradable and re--usableusableNo harmful chemicals in production processNo harmful chemicals in production processbreathable fibre, safe for storage, easy to handlebreathable fibre, safe for storage, easy to handleGeoGeo--jute useful substitute of synthetic geojute useful substitute of synthetic geo--textiletextile

SocioSocio--Economic Importance & Economic Importance & ImplicationsImplications

Cultivation of juteCultivation of jute-- a matter of culturea matter of cultureA cash crop for millions of marginal farm A cash crop for millions of marginal farm familiesfamiliesTens and thousands of people are Tens and thousands of people are engaged in jute related jobsengaged in jute related jobsEarnings from jute act as food securityEarnings from jute act as food security--help reduce poverty and hungerhelp reduce poverty and hunger

Jute Sector of South Asia at a GlanceJute Sector of South Asia at a GlanceAverage of recent 4 yearsAverage of recent 4 years

13,500 MT13,500 MT10,000 MT10,000 MT450,000 MT450,000 MT286,000 MT286,000 MTJute Goods ExportJute Goods Export66

20,00020,00050,00050,0002.5 million2.5 million4.6 million4.6 millionFarmers/workers Farmers/workers involvedinvolved

44

Compiled from statistical bulletins of FAO and concerned agenciCompiled from statistical bulletins of FAO and concerned agencies of jute producing countries.es of jute producing countries.

99

88

77

55

33

22

11

SLSL

Export EarningExport Earning

Internal consumptionInternal consumption

Raw jute ExportRaw jute Export

Jute goods Jute goods productionproduction

Jute MillsJute Mills

Raw jute productionRaw jute production

Area Area

ItemItem

US$ 270mUS$ 270m

82%82%

00

1,600,000 MT1,600,000 MT

7777

1,533,000 MT 1,533,000 MT

900,000 ha900,000 ha

IndiaIndia

US$400mUS$400m

18%18%

400,000 MT400,000 MT

500,000 MT500,000 MT

145145

872,750 MT872,750 MT

450,000 ha450,000 ha

BangladeshBangladesh

US$ 14mUS$ 14mUS $ 10mUS $ 10m

75%75%37%37%

----

129,000 MT129,000 MT16,000 MT16,000 MT

101077

0016, 830 MT16, 830 MT

0012000 ha12000 ha

PakistanPakistanNepalNepal

SocioSocio-- Economic Importance & Economic Importance & Implications (Implications (contdcontd))

Jute had its golden days until 1980s. It was worldJute had its golden days until 1980s. It was world’’ssprincipal packaging material for agricultural and industrialprincipal packaging material for agricultural and industrialproduces. produces. Jute lost its glory and market share to synthetic Jute lost its glory and market share to synthetic alternatives as it failed to keep pace with fast moving alternatives as it failed to keep pace with fast moving technological changes in the packaging sectortechnological changes in the packaging sectorConsequences: Bangladesh ScenarioConsequences: Bangladesh Scenario–– Reduction of acreage of jute cultivationReduction of acreage of jute cultivation-- 50%50%–– Reduction of production of jute Reduction of production of jute fibrefibre-- 41%41%–– Reduction of production of jute goodsReduction of production of jute goods-- 20% only on account of 20% only on account of

phenomenal increase of jute yarn and twines productions phenomenal increase of jute yarn and twines productions –– Colossal lossColossal loss-- huge indebtedness to Banks and othershuge indebtedness to Banks and others–– Closure of jute millsClosure of jute mills-- loss of jobs, social unrestloss of jobs, social unrest

890

642 591448

1220

863 917719

445601 531 484

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1970/71 1980/81 1990/91 2000/01

Area OfCultivation000 haFibreProduction 000 tonnesJute GoodsProduction000 tonnes

Declining Trend of Bangladesh Jute Sector

SocioSocio-- Economic Importance & Economic Importance & Implications (Implications (contdcontd))

No investment for technology development No investment for technology development except some innovations in respect of diversified except some innovations in respect of diversified uses of jute.uses of jute.

The innovations have also not been harnessed The innovations have also not been harnessed properly for lack of support for commercialisation properly for lack of support for commercialisation

JuteJute’’s image remains regionals image remains regional

ARR1

ConclusionConclusion

Jute is an important commodity for employment Jute is an important commodity for employment and source of income of millions of people.and source of income of millions of people.Jute is still a preferred packaging material on Jute is still a preferred packaging material on account of its bioaccount of its bio--degradable ecodegradable eco--friendly friendly characteristics.characteristics.Jute deserves international support as a natural Jute deserves international support as a natural corollary to United Nationscorollary to United Nations’’–– Sustainable Development Programme andSustainable Development Programme and–– Millennium Development Goals Millennium Development Goals

for sociofor socio--economic development, protection of economic development, protection of environment and reduction of poverty.environment and reduction of poverty.

RecommendationsRecommendationsMember countries of the UN system may be encouraged to:Member countries of the UN system may be encouraged to:

–– to adopt policies to use more jute products instead of syntheticto adopt policies to use more jute products instead of synthetics in s in packaging cereal commodities in particular. packaging cereal commodities in particular.

–– Use jute shopping bags instead of polythene bags in the super maUse jute shopping bags instead of polythene bags in the super markets rkets and shopping outlets worldwide.and shopping outlets worldwide.

–– Use geoUse geo--jute instead of synthetic materials for construction of roads anjute instead of synthetic materials for construction of roads and d pavements, soil saving and erosion control activities.pavements, soil saving and erosion control activities.

–– Use jute for production of pulp and paper and Use jute for production of pulp and paper and

–– That the stakeholders of all natural fibres have coordination anThat the stakeholders of all natural fibres have coordination and d understanding for better utilisation of the natural fibres for tunderstanding for better utilisation of the natural fibres for the humanity he humanity in liaison with each other. in liaison with each other.

THANK YOU