juvenile competency attainment research and …
TRANSCRIPT
JUVENILE COMPETENCY
ATTAINMENT, RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT CENTER
REFERENCE LIST
Updated March 2020
Contact James Reed ([email protected]) with questions or for assistance obtaining copies of articles
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
1/13
Advokat, C. D., Guidry, D., Burnett, D. M. R., Manguno-Mire, G., & Thompson, J. W. (2012).
Competency restoration treatment: Differences between defendants declared competent or
incompetent to stand trial. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 40, 89-97.
http://jaapl.org/node/7416.long
American Psychological Association. (2013). Specialty guidelines for forensic psychology. American
Psychologist, 68, 7–19. doi: 10.1037/a0029889
Antonius, D., & Martin, P.S. (2015). Commentary: Mental health and immigrant detainees in the
United States. Journal of American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 43, 282-286.
http://jaapl.org/content/43/3/282.long
Armstrong, C., & Friedman, S. H. (2016). Fitness to stand trial in the New Zealand Youth Court:
Characterising court-ordered competence assessments. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 23, 538-
546. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2015.1081314
Arredondo, B. C., Marcopulos, B. A., Brand, J. G., Campbell, K. T., & Kent, J. A. (2017). Cognitive
functioning and adjudicative competence: Defendants referred for neuropsychological
evaluation in a psychiatric inpatient setting. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 31, 1432-1448. doi:
10.1080/13854046.2017.1317032
Baerger, D. R., Griffin, E. F., Lyons, J. S., & Simmons, R. (2003). Competency to stand trial in
preadjudicated and petitioned juvenile defendants. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry
and the Law, 31, 314-320. http://jaapl.org/content/31/3/314.long
Balaban, E. (2017). Freeing the most vulnerable: Litigation tools to reduce the disabled prisoner
population. UCLA Criminal Justice Law Review, 1, 1-33.
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qv1136g
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
2/13
Batastini, A. B., King, C. M., Morgan, R. D., & McDaniel, B. (2016). Telepsychological services with
criminal justice and substance abuse clients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Psychological Services, 13, 20-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000042
Bath, E., & Gerring, J. (2014). National trends in juvenile competency to stand trial. Journal of the
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53, 265-268. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2013.11.015
Bath, E., Reba-Harrelson, L., Peace, R., Shen, J., & Liu, H. (2015). Correlates of competency to
stand trial among youths admitted to a juvenile mental health court. Journal of the American
Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 43, 329-339. http://jaapl.org/content/43/3/329.long
Bennett, G., & Kish, G. (1990). Incompetency to stand trial: Treatment unaffected by demographic
variables. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35, 403-412. https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS12841J
Birckhead, T. R. (2010). Culture clash: The challenge of lawyering across difference in juvenile court.
Rutgers Law Review, 62, 959-991. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1687424
Bonnie. R. J. (1992). The competence of criminal defendants: A theoretical reformulation. Behavioral
Sciences and the Law, 10, 291-314. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2370100303
Bonnie, R. J., & Grisso, T. (2000). Adjudicative competence and youthful offenders. In T. Grisso &
R. G. Schwartz (Eds.), Youth on trial: A developmental perspective on juvenile justice (pp. 73-103).
Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Bonnie, R. J., & Scott, E. S. (2013). The teenage brain: Adolescent brain research and the law.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(2), 158-161. doi: 10.1177/0963721412471678
Brown, J. M., Haun, J., Zapf, P. A., & Brown, N. N. (2017). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
(FASD) and competency to stand trial (CST): Suggestions for a ‘best practices’ approach to
forensic evaluation. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 52, 19-27. doi:
10.1016/j.ijlp.2017.04.002
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
3/13
Bryant, A., Matthews, G., & Wilhelmsen, B. (2015). Assessing the legitimacy of competence to stand
trial in juvenile court: The practice of CST with and without statutory law. Criminal Justice
Policy Review, 26, 371-399. doi: 10.1177/0887403413515999
Burrell, S., Kendrick, C., & Blalock, B. (2008). Incompetent youth in California justice. Stanford Law
& Policy Review, 19(2), 198–250.
Cauffman, E., & Steinberg, L. (2000). (Im)maturity of judgment in adolescence: Why adolescents
may be less culpable than adults. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 18, 741-760. doi:
10.1002/bsl.416
Cauffman, E., & Steinberg, L. (2012). Emerging findings from research on adolescent development
and juvenile justice. Victims and Offenders, 7, 428–449. doi: 10.1080/15564886.2012.713901
Chien, J., Coker, K. L., Parke, S., Tejani, N., Sirken, R. A., Sanchez-Jaquez, C., . . . Azeem, M. W.
(2016). Predictors of competency to stand trial in Connecticut's inpatient juvenile competenc
y restoration program. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 44, 451-456.
http://jaapl.org/content/44/4/451.long
Christy, A., Douglas, K. S., Otto, R. K., & Petrila, J. (2004). Juveniles evaluated incompetent to
proceed: Characteristics and quality of mental health professionals’ evaluations. Professional
Psychology: Research and Practice, 35, 380-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.35.4.380
Cooper, D.K. (1997). Juveniles’ understanding of trial-related information: Are they competent
defendants? Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 15, 167-180.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0798(199721)15:2<167::AID-BSL266>3.0.CO;2-E
Corrado, R., & Mathesius, J. (2014). Developmental psycho-neurological research trends and their
importance for reassessing key decision-making assumptions for children, adolescents, and
young adults in juvenile/youth and adult criminal justice systems. Bergen Journal of Criminal
Law and Criminal Justice, 2(2), 141-163. http://doi.org/10.15845/bjclcj.v2i2.707
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
4/13
Cordero, A. (2015). Effects of evidence regarding juvenile competency on jurors’ subsequent verdicts (Doctoral
dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest. (3709709).
Corno, L., & Snow, R. E. (1986). Adapting teaching to individual differences among learners. In M.
Wittrock. (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (pp. 605-629). New York, NY: Macmillan.
Costanza, M. B. (2017). The development of competency to stand trial-related abilities in a sample of juvenile
offenders (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest.
Cowden, V. L., & McKee, G. R. (1995). Competency to stand trial in juvenile delinquency
proceedings: Cognitive maturity and the attorney-client relationship. Journal of Family Law,
33(3), 629-660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2015.08.008
Cox, J., Stinar, L. D., & Foster, E. E. (2017). On being a novice forensic evaluator: Reflections from
early career forensic psychologists. Psychological Injury and Law, 10(2), 191-195. doi:
10.1007/s12207-017-9281-y
Cox, J. M., Goldstein, N. E. S., & Dolores, J., Zelechoski, A. D., & Messenheimer, S. (2012). The
impact of juveniles' ages and levels of psychosocial maturity on judges' opinions about
adjudicative competence. Law and Human Behavior, 36(1), 21-27. doi: 10.1037/h0093953
Davis, D. L., & Kukor, T.J. (2014). Competence to proceed and juvenile courts. In S. J. Morewitz
and M.L. Goldstein (Eds.) Handbook of forensic sociology and psychology (pp. 115-144). New York,
NY: Springer.
Doane-Dixon, R. (2016). Restoring competency to youth in the juvenile justice system in rural areas in northern
California (Master’s thesis). Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA.
Dusky v. United States, 362 U.S. 402 (1960).
Drope v. Missouri, 420 U.S. 162 (1975).
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
5/13
Edkins, V. A., Falligant, J. M., Lavoie, J., & Lawal, T. (2017). Psychology and the legal system: The
courtroom and beyond. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 3(2), 117-120.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tps0000119
Einzig, S. S. (2016). Predicting New York's Jacksoned defendants (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from
ProQuest Dissertations Publishing (10142344).
Everington, C., & Luckasson, R. (1992b). Competence assessment for standing trial for defendants with mental
retardation: CAST-MR test manual. Worthington, OH: International Diagnostic Services.
Feldman, A. L. (2015). Juvenile competency to stand trial: The role of psychosocial immaturity on forensic
evaluators’ determinations (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations
Publishing (10188426).
Felthous, A. R. (2011). Commentary: Competence to stand trial in juveniles and the judgment
model. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 39(3), 327-331.
Ferguson, A. C., Jimenez, M. M., & Jackson, R. L. (2010). Juvenile false confessions and competency
to stand trial: Implications for policy reformation and research. The New School Psychology
Bulletin, 7(1), 62-77.
Figg, C., McCartney, R. W., & Gonsoulin, W. (2009). Differentiating instruction with digital
storytelling while making connections to critical literacy. Teaching and Learning, 5(1), 31-44.
Finkle, M. J., Kurth, R., Cadle, C., & Mullan, J. (2009). Competency courts: A creative solution for
restoring competency to the competency process. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(5), 767–
786. doi: 10.1002/bsl.890
Fogel, M. H., Schiffman, W., Mumley, D., Tillbrook, C., & Grisso, T. (2013). Ten year research
update (2001–2010): Evaluations for competence to stand trial (adjudicative competence).
Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 31(2), 165–191. doi:10.1002/bsl.2051
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
6/13
Frost, L. E., & Volenik, A. E. (2004). The ethical perils of representing the juvenile defendant who
may be incompetent. Washington University Journal of Law and Policy, 14, 327-358.
https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_journal_law_policy/vol14/iss1/11
Furby, L., & Beyth-Marom, R. (1992). Risk taking in adolescence: A decision-making perspective.
Developmental Review, 12, 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(92)90002-J
Garland, A. M. (2016). The conceptualization of cultural issues within adjudicative competence evaluations
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing (10262886).
Gay, J. G., Vitacco, M. J., & Ragatz, L. (2017). Mental health symptoms predict competency to stand
trial and competency restoration success. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 22(2), 288-301.
doi: 10.1111/lcrp.12100
Goodness, K., & Felthous, A. R. (2017). Treatment for restoration of competence to stand trial. In
R. Rosner & C. L. Scott (Eds.), Principles and Practice of Forensic Psychiatry (pp. 257-265). Boca
Raton, FL: CRC Press
Gordon, S. G., Piasecki, M., Kahn, G., & Nielsen, D. (2016). Review of Alaska mental health
statutes (Scholarly works). University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV.
Gowensmith, W. N., Frost, L. E., Speelman, D. W., & Therson, D. E. (2016). Lookin’ for beds in all
the wrong places: Outpatient competency restoration as a promising approach to modern
challenges. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 22(3), 293-305.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/law0000088
Gowensmith, W. N., Pinals, D. A., & Karas, A. C. (2015). States’ standards for training and
certifying evaluators of competency to stand trial. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 15(4),
295-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2015.1046798
Grisso, T. (2014). Protections for juveniles in self-incriminating legal contexts, developmentally
considered. The Journal of the American Judges Association, 50(1), 32-36.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
7/13
Grisso, T. (2005). Evaluating juveniles' adjudicative competence: A guide for clinical practice. Sarasota, FL:
Professional Resource Press.
Grisso, T. (2004). Double jeopardy: Adolescent offenders with mental disorders. Chicago, IL: University of
Chicago Press.
Grisso, T. (2000). The changing face of juvenile justice. Psychiatric Services, 51, 425–426, 438.
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.51.4.425
Grisso, T., & Kavanaugh, A. (2016). Prospects for developmental evidence in juvenile sentencing
based on Miller v. Alabama. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 22(3), 235-249.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/law0000090
Grisso, T., Steinberg, L., Woolard, J., Cauffman, E., Scott, E., Graham, S., Lexcen, F., Reppucci, N.
D., & Schwartz, R. (2003). Juveniles' competence to stand trial: A comparison of
adolescents' and adults' capacities as trial defendants. Law and Human Behavior, 27(4), 333-
363. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024065015717
Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry. (1974). Misuse of psychiatry in the criminal courts: Competency to
stand trial. New York, NY: Brunner/Mazel.
Godinez v. Moran, 509 U.S. 389 (1993).
Harvey, A. (2011). Juvenile courts and competency to stand trial. Sociology Compass, 5(6), 439-451. doi:
10.1111/j.1751-9020.2011.00377.x.
Heilbrun, K., & Brooks, S. (2010). Forensic psychology and forensic science: A proposed agenda for
the next decade. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16(3), 219-253. doi: 10.1037/a0019138
Heilbrun, K., & DeMatteo, D. (2012). Toward establishing standards of practice in juvenile forensic
mental health assessment. In E. L. Grigorenko (Ed.), Handbook of juvenile forensic psychology and
psychiatry (pp. 145-156). New York, NY: Springer.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
8/13
Hoge, R. D. (2012). Forensic assessments of juveniles: Practice and legal considerations. Criminal
Justice and Behavior, 39(9), 1255-1270. doi: 10.1177/0093854812444024
Hoge, S. K., Bonnie, R. J., Poythress, N., Monahan, J., Eisenberg, M., & Feucht-Haviar, T. (1997).
The MacArthur adjudicative competency study: Development and validation of a research
instrument. Law and Human Behavior, 21(2), 141–179.
Hussemann, J., & Liberman, A. (2017). Implementing evidence-based juvenile justice reforms. Washington,
DC: Urban Institute.
In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967).
In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970).
Jackson, S. L., Warren, J. I., & Jones Coburn, J. (2014). A community-based model for remediating
juveniles adjudicated incompetent to stand trial: Feedback from youth, attorneys, and judges.
Juvenile and Family Court Judges Journal, 65(2), 23-38. doi:10.1111/jfcj.12017
Jenkins, J. M. (2000). Looking backward: Educational reform in the twentieth century. International
Journal of Educational Reform, 9(1), 74-78.
Kassen, M. (2016). Delusional disorder: Treatment and the restoration of adjudicative competence (Doctoral
dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertation Publishing (10001622).
Katner, D. R. (2015). Eliminating the competency presumption in juvenile delinquency cases. Cornell
Journal of Law and Public Policy, 24(3), 403-450.
Keefe, J. W., & Jenkins, J. M. (2008). Personalized instruction: The key to student achievement (2nd ed.).
Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Education.
Kent v. United States, 383 U.S. 541 (1966).
Kemp, K., & Rogers, J. (2015). A closer look at juvenile adjudicative competence: What is
fundamentally fair. Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 31(2), 4-6. doi:
10.1002/cbl.20227.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
9/13
Khemet, N. K. (2016). Restorative justice programs for juveniles: conversations between the mayor and youth of
Oakland (Master’s thesis). California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA.
Kivisto, A. J., Moore, T. M., Fite, P. A., & Seidner, B. G. (2011). Future orientation and competence
to stand trial: The fragility of competence. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law,
39(3), 316-326. http://jaapl.org/content/39/3/316
Kois, L., Wellbeloved-Stone, J. M., Chauhan, P., & Warren, J. I. (2017). Combined evaluations of
competency to stand trial and mental state at the time of the offense: An overlooked
methodological consideration? Law and Human Behavior, 41(3), 217-229.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000236
Kreklewetz, K.L. (2010). Cognitive and neuropsychological predictors of juvenile adjudicative competency: The role
of executive functioning (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Simon Frasier University, British
Columbia, Canada.
Kruh, I., & Grisso, T. (2009). Evaluation of juveniles’ competence to stand trial. New York, NY: Oxford
University Press.
Kruh, I. P., Sullivan, L., Ellis, M., Lexcen, F., & McClellan, J. (2006). Juvenile competence to stand
trial: A historical and empirical analysis of a juvenile forensic evaluation service. International
Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 5(2), 109-123. doi:10.1080/14999013.2006.10471236
La. Children’s Code tit. 8, § 832 (2009).
Lexcen, F., & Heavin, S. (2010). Evaluating for competence to proceed in juvenile court: Findings
with a semi-structured interview. Open Access Journal of Forensic Psychology, 2, 359-376.
Louisiana v. Bennett, 345 So.2d 1129 (1977)
Larson, K., & Grisso, T. (2011). Developing statutes for competence to stand trial in juvenile delinquency
proceedings: A guide for law makers. In conjunction with the National Youth Screening &
Assessment Project. Center for Mental Health Services Research. Publications and
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
10/13
Presentations. Paper 502. MA: Center for Mental Health Services Research. Retrieved April
10, 2013, http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/psych_cmhsr/502.
Lee, D. (2013). Utah and juvenile incompetency. Utah Law Review, 15(4), 1193-1214.
Lipsett, P. D., Lelos, D. P., & McGarry, A. L. (1971). Competency for trial: A screening Instrument.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 128(1), 137-141. doi: 10.1176/ajp.128.1.105
Lipsey, M., Howell, J. C, Kelly, M., Chapman, G., & Carver, D. (2010). Improving the effectiveness of
juvenile justice programs: A new perspective on evidence-based practice. Georgetown Policy Forum
Program, December 14, 2010.
Luxton, D. D., Lexcen, F. J., & McIntyre, K. A. (2019). Forensic competency assessment with digital
technologies. Current Psychiatry Reports, 21(60). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1037-9
Martin, K. (2017). An exploratory study of incapacitated persons with criminal behaviors served by Kentucky’s
public guardianship program (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Digital
Dissertations Publishing (10672489).
Matthews, S. K., Krivelyova, A., Stephens, R. L., & Bilchik, S. (2013). Juvenile justice contact of
youth in systems of care: Comparison study results. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 24(2), 143-
165. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403411422409
Mayzer, R., Bradley, A. R., Rusinko, H., & Ertelt, T. W. (2009). Juvenile competency to stand trial in
criminal court and brain function. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 20(6), 785-800.
doi: 10.1080/14789940903174089
McGaha, A., Otto, R. K., McClaren, M. D., & Petrila, J. (2001). Juveniles adjudicated incompetent to
proceed: A descriptive study of Florida's competence restoration program. Journal of the
American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 29(4), 427-437.
http://jaapl.org/content/29/4/427
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
11/13
McGuire, D.M., Vaughn, M.G., Shook, J.I., & Kenny, T. (2015). Do juveniles understand what an
attorney is supposed to do well enough to make knowing and intelligent decisions about
waiving their right to counsel? An exploratory study. Journal of Applied Juvenile Justice Services, 1-
30. http://npjs.org/jajjs/
McKee, G. R. (1998). Competency to stand trial in preadjudicatory juveniles and adults. Journal of the
American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 26(1), 89-99. doi: 10.1016/S1353-1131(99)90180-3
McKee, G. R., & Shea, S. J. (1999). Competency to stand trial in family court: Characteristics of
competent and incompetent juveniles. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law,
27(1), 65-73. http://jaapl.org/content/27/1/65
McKinnon-Lewis, C., Kaufman, M., & Frabutt, J. M. (2002). Juvenile justice and mental health:
Youth and families in the middle. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(4), 353-363.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1359-1789(01)00062-3
McLachlan, K. (2017). Intellectual disability among offenders in correctional and forensic settings.
In R. Roesch & A. N. Cook (Eds.), Handbook of forensic mental health services (pp. 344-368). New
York, NY: Routledge.
McLachlan, K., Roesch, R., Viljoen, J.L., & Douglas, K.S. (2014). Evaluating the psycholegal abilities
of young offenders with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Law and Human Behavior, 38(1), 10-
22. doi: 10.1037/lhb000037.
Melton, G. B., Petrila, J., Poythress, N. G., & Slobogin, C. (2007). Psychological evaluations for the courts:
A handbook for mental health professionals and lawyers (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford.
Mikolajewski, A. J., Manguno‐Mire, G. M., Coffman, K. L., Deland, S. M., & Thompson, J. W.
(2017). Patient characteristics and outcomes related to successful outpatient competency
restoration. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(3), 225-238. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2287.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
12/13
Morgan, R. D., Bolaños, A. D., & Grabowski, K. (2017). Forensic mental health in corrections. In R.
Roesch & A. N. Cook (Eds.), Handbook of forensic mental health services (pp. 470-495). New
York, NY: Routledge.
Morris, D. R., & DeYoung, N. J. (2012). Psycholegal abilities and restoration of competence to
stand trial. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 30(6), 710–728. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2040
Morris, G. H., Haroun, A. M., & Naimark, D. (2004). Assessing competency competently: Toward a
rational standard for competent-to-stand-trial assessments. Journal of the American Academy of
Psychiatry and the Law, 32(3), 231-245. http://jaapl.org/content/32/3/231.long
Morris, D. R., & Parker, G. F. (2008). Jackson’s Indiana: State hospital competence restoration in
Indiana. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 36(4), 522–534.
http://jaapl.org/content/36/4/522
Mossman, D. (2007). Predicting restorability of incompetent criminal defendants. Journal of American
Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 35(1), 34-43. http://jaapl.org/content/35/1/34
Mossman, D., Noffsinger, S. G., Ash, P., Frierson, R. L., Gerbasi, J., Hackett, M., ... Zonana, H. V.
(2007). AAPL practice guideline for the forensic psychiatric evaluation of competence to
stand trial [Supplement]. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 35(4), S3-
S72. http://jaapl.org/content/35/Supplement_4/S3
Mossman, D. (2013). When forensic examiners disagree: Bias, or just inaccuracy. American
Psychological Association, 19(1), 40-55. doi:10.1037/a0029242
Murdock, L.S. (2013). Effects of the JCCS curriculum on juveniles’ legal knowledge, competency, and anxiety
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest (3613901).
Murrie, D. C., Boccaccini, M. T., Zapf, P. A., Warren, J. I., & Henderson, C. E. (2008). Clinician
variation in findings of competence to stand trial. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 14(3), 177-
193. doi: 10.1037/a0013578
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
13/13
Neal, T. M. (2016). Identifying the forensic psychologist role. In G. Pirelli, A. Beatty, & P.A. Zapf
(Eds.), The ethical practice of forensic psychology: A Casebook (pp. 1-31). New York, NY: Oxford
University Press.
Nicholson, R. A., Briggs, S. R., & Robertson, H. (1988). Instruments for assessing competency to
stand trial: How do they work? Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 19(4), 383-394.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.19.4.383
Nicholson, R. A., & Norwood, S. (2000). The quality of forensic psychological assessments, reports,
and testimony: Acknowledging the gap between promise and practice. Law and Human
Behavior, 24(1), 9-44. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005422702678
Noffsinger, S. G., & Resnick, P. J. (2017). Criminal competencies. In R. Rosner & C. Scott (Eds.),
Principles and practice of forensic psychiatry (pp. 247-256). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
O’Donnell, P. C., & Gross, B. (2012). Developmental incompetence to stand trial in juvenile courts.
Journal of Forensic Sciences, 57(4), 989-996. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02093
O’Leary, J., O’Toole, S., & Watt, B.D. (2013). Exploring juvenile fitness for trial in Queensland. The
Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 20(6), 853-866.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2012.745059.
Panza, N. R. (2016). Juvenile competence to stand trial. In T. R. Masson (Ed). Inside forensic psychology,
(pp. 322-343). Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger/ABC-CLIO.
Pate v. Robinson, 383 U.S. 375 (1966).
Parker, G. F. (2012). The quandary of unrestorability. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and
Law, 40, 171-176. http://jaapl.org/content/40/2/171
Piatkowski, C., Scott, E., Scott, T., Park, D., Larson, K., & Weemhoff, M. (2014). Juvenile competency
manual: A guide for legal professionals. Michigan: State Bar of Michigan Children’s Law Section.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
14/13
Pinals, D. A. (2005). Where two roads meet: Restoration of competence to stand trial from a clinical
perspective. New England Journal on Crime & Civil Confinement, 31, 81-108.
Pires, S. A. (2002). Building systems of care: A primer. Washington, DC: National Technical Assistance
Center for Children Mental Health, Georgetown University Center for Child and Human
Development.
Poythress, N. G., Lexcen, F. J., Grisso, T., & Steinberg, L. (2006). The competence-related abilities
of adolescent defendants in criminal court. Law and Human Behavior, 30(1), 75-92.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10979-006-9005-4
Ragatz, L., Vitacco, M.J., & Tross, R. (2014). Competency to proceed to trial evaluations and rational
understanding. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 59(14), 1-15.
doi: 10.1177/0306624X14543768.
Rapisarda M., & Kaplan W. J. (2016). Juvenile competency and pretrial due process: A call for
greater protections in Massachusetts for juveniles residing in procedural purgatory. Juvenile
and Family Court Journal, 67(4), 5-26. doi:10.1111/jfcj.12078
Redding, R., Floyd, M., & Hawk, G. (2001). What judges and lawyers think about the testimony of
mental health experts: A survey of the courts and bar. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 19(4),
583–594. doi: 10.1002/bsl.455
Redding, R., & Frost, L. E. (2001). Adjudicative competence in the modern juvenile court. Virginia
Journal of Social Policy and the Law, 9(2), 353–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.376801
Redlich, A. D. (2007). Double jeopardy in the interrogation room for youths with mental illness.
American Psychologist, 62(6), 609-611. doi:10.1037/0003-066X62.6.609
Redlich, A. D., & Bonventre, C.L. (2015). Content and comprehensibility of juvenile and adult
tender-of-plea forms: Implications for knowing, intelligent, and voluntary guilty pleas. Law
and Human Behavior, 39(2), 162-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000118.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
15/13
Rogers, R., & Cruise, K. R. (1998). Assessment of malingering with simulation designs: Threats to
external validity. Law and Human Behavior, 22(3), 273-285. doi: 10.1023/A:1025702405865
Rogers, R., & Ewing, C. (2003). The prohibition of ultimate opinions: A misguided enterprise.
Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 3(3), 65-75. doi:10.1300/J158v03n03_04
Rogers, R., Grandjean, N., Tillbrook, C. E., Vitacco, M. J., & Sewell, K. W. (2001). Recent interview-
based measures of competency to stand trial: A critical review augmented with research data.
Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 19(4), 503–518. doi: 10.1002/bsl.458
Rosner, R., & Scott, C. L. (2017). Principles and practice of forensic psychiatry. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Rotter, M., & Greenspan, M. (2011) Commentary: Competency restoration research—Complicating
an already complex process. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 39(3),
307-310. http://jaapl.org/content/39/3/307.long
Ryba, N. L., Cooper, V. G., & Zapf, P. A. (2003). Juvenile competence to stand trial evaluations: A
survey of current practices and test usage among psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research
and Practice, 34(5), 499-507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.34.5.499
Sammons, A. (2014). The development of an innovative music therapy treatment method: Trial
competency through music. Journal of American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 42(3), 362-
368. http://jaapl.org/content/42/3/362.long
Sanborn, J. B. (2009). Juveniles’ competency to stand trial: Wading through the rhetoric and the
evidence. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 99(1), 135-213.
https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc/vol99/iss1/4
Santamaria, L. J. (2009). Culturally responsive differentiated instruction: Narrowing gaps between
best pedagogical practices benefiting all learners. Teachers College Record, 111(1), 214-247.
Sarkar, S. P. (2011). In the twilight zone: Adolescent capacity in the criminal justice arena. Advances in
Psychiatric Treatment, 17(1), 5-11. doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.108.006254
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
16/13
Schwalbe, E., & Medalia, A. (2007). Cognitive dysfunction and competency restoration: Using
cognitive remediation to help restore the unrestorable. Journal of the American Academy of
Psychiatry and the Law, 35(4), 518-525. http://jaapl.org/content/35/4/518
Sell v. United States, 539 U.S. 166 (2003).
Scott, C. L. (2003). Commentary: A road map for research in restoration of competency to stand
trial. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 31(1), 36-43.
http://jaapl.org/content/31/1/36.long
Scott, E. S., Reppucci, D., & Woolard, J. L. (1995). Evaluating adolescent decision making in legal
contexts. Law and Human Behavior, 19(3), 221-244. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1394002
Scott, E., & Steinberg, L. (2008). Adolescent development and regulation of youth crime. The Future
of Children, 18(2), 15-33. doi: 10.1353/foc.0.0011
Sedgwick, O., Young, S., Das, M., & Kumari, V. (2016). Objective predictors of outcome in forensic
mental health services—a systematic review. CNS spectrums, 21(6), 430-444. doi:
10.1017/S1092852915000723
Siegel, D. M. (2008). The growing admissibility of expert testimony by clinical social workers on
competence to stand trial. Social Work, 53(2), 153-163.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/23721104
Slobogin, C. (2012). Sell’s conundrums: The right of incompetent defendants to refuse anti-
psychotic medication. Washington University Law Review, 89(6), 1523-1543.
https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol89/iss6/11
Smith, J. C. (2011). Differentiated instruction: Exploring implementation at the middle level. (Doctoral
dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing (3449941).
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
17/13
Smith, G. E., & Throne, S. (2007). Overview and principles of differentiated instruction. In
Differentiating instruction with technology in K–5 classrooms (pp. 5-16). Retrieved from
http://www.iste.org/images/excerpts/diffk5-excerpt.pdf
Snyder, M. M. (2017). A descriptive study of incompetent to stand trial and non-restorable defendants in Pinal
County Arizona (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing
(10274225).
Soulier, M. (2012). Juvenile offenders: Competence to stand trial. Psychiatric Clinics of North America,
35(4), 837-854. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2012.08.005
Soulier, M. F., & Scott, C. L. (2010). Juveniles in court. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 18(6), 317-325.
doi:10.3109/10673229.2010.527518
Steinberg, L. (2007). Risk taking in adolescence: New perspectives from brain and behavioral
science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(2), 55–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-
8721.2007.00475.x
Steinberg, L., Graham, S., O’Brien, L., Woolard, J., Cauffman, E., & Banich, M. (2009). Age
differences in future orientation and delay discounting. Child Development, 80(1), 28–44. doi:
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01244.x
Stepanyan, S.T., Sidhu, S.S, & Bath, E. (2016). Juvenile competency to stand trial. Child and Adolescent
Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 25(1), 49-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2015.08.008.
Stein, M. L., Kan, L. Y., & Henderson, C. E. (2016). Do psycholegal abilities mediate the
relationship between psychiatric diagnoses and competence to stand trial opinions? Journal of
Forensic Psychology Practice, 16(1), 24-38. doi: 10.1080/15228932.2015.1090230
The Florida Legislature. (2013). Juvenile and adult incompetent to proceed cases and costs (Report No. 13-04).
Retrieved from The Florida Legislature’s Office of Program Policy Analysis & Government
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
18/13
Accountability website:
http://www.oppaga.state.fl.us/MonitorDocs/Reports/pdf/1304rpt.pdf.
Thompson, K. C., & Morris, R. J. (2016). Developmental disabilities. In Juvenile delinquency and
disability (pp. 87-119). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Tillbrook, C., Mumley, D., & Grisso, T. (2003). Avoiding expert opinions on the ultimate legal
question: The case for integrity. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 3(3), 77-87.
https://doi.org/10.1300/J158v03n03_05
Tomlinson, C. A. (2000). Differentiation of instruction in the elementary grades (ERIC Digest). Retrieved
from ERIC database (ED443572).
Tricarico, K., & Yendol-Hoppey, D. (2012). Teacher learning through self-regulation: An
exploratory study of alternatively prepared teachers' ability to plan differentiated instruction
in an urban elementary school. Teacher Education Quarterly, 39(1), 139-158.
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-356 (2009).
Varela, J. G., Boccaccini, M. T., Gonzales, E., Jr., Gharagozloo, L., & Johnson, S. M. (2011). Do
defense attorney referrals for competence to stand trial evaluations depend on whether the
client speaks English or Spanish? Law and Human Behavior, 35(6), 501-511. doi:
10.1007/s10979-010-9253-1
Viljoen, J. L. & Grisso, T. (2007). Prospects for remediating juveniles' adjudicative incompetence.
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 13(2), 87-114. doi:10.1037/1076-8971.13.2.87
Viljoen, J. L., McLachlan, K., Wingrove, T., & Penner, E. (2010). Defense attorneys’ concerns about
the competence of adolescent defendants. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 28(5), 630-646. doi:
10.1002/bsl.954
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
19/13
Viljoen, J. L., Odgers, C., Grisso, T., & Tillbrook, C. (2007). Teaching adolescents and adults about
adjudicative proceedings: A comparison of pre-post-teaching scores on the MacCAT-CA.
Law and Human Behavior, 31, 419-432. doi: 10.1007/s10979-006-9069-1
Viljoen, J. L., Penner, E., & Roesch, R. (2012). Competence and criminal responsibility in adolescent
defendants: The role of mental illness and adolescent development. In B. C. Feld & D.
Bishop (Eds.), The Oxford handbook on juvenile crime and juvenile justice (pp. 526-548). New York:
Oxford University.
Viljoen, J. L., & Roesch, R. (2005). Competence to waive interrogation rights and adjudicative
competence in adolescent defendants. Law and Human Behavior, 29(6), 723-742. doi:
10.1007/s10979-005-7978-y
Viljoen, J. L., Vincent, G. M., & Roesch, R. (2006). Assessing adolescent defendants' adjudicative
competence: Interrater reliability and factor structure of the Fitness Interview Test–Revised.
Criminal Justice and Behavior, 33(4), 467-487. doi: 10.1177/0093854806287317
Viljoen, J. L., & Wingrove, T. (2007). Adjudicative competence in adolescent defendants: Judges’
and defense attorneys’ views of legal standards for adolescents in juvenile and criminal court.
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 13(3), 204-229. doi: 10.1037/1076-8971.13.3.204
Viljoen, J. L., Wingrove, T., & Ryba, N. L. (2008). Adjudicative competence evaluations of juvenile
and adult defendants: Judges' views regarding essential components of competence reports.
International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 7, 107-119. doi: 10.1080/14999013.2008.9914408
Walker, L. E. A., Pann, J. M., Shapiro, D. L., & Van Hasselt, V. B. (2016). Best practices for
the mentally ill in the criminal justice system. Retrieved from
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-21656-0.pdf
Warren, J. I. (2013). Manual for RestoringYouth© Program (Unpublished manual), Charlottesville,
VA: University of Virginia.
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
20/13
Warren, J. I., Aaron, J., Ryan, E., Chauhan, P., & DuVal, J. (2003). Correlates of adjudicative
competence among psychiatrically impaired juveniles. Journal of the American Academy of
Psychiatry and the Law, 31, 299-309. http://jaapl.org/content/31/3/299.long
Warren, J. I., Chauhan, P., Kois, L., Dibble, A., & Knighton, J. (2013). Factors influencing 2,260
opinions of defendants’ restorability to adjudicative competency. Psychology, Public Policy, and
Law, 19, 498-508. doi: 10.1037/a0034740
Warren, J. I., Duval, J., Komarovskaya, I., Chauhan, P., Buffington-Vollum, J., & Ryan, E. (2009).
Developing a forensic service delivery system for juveniles adjudicated incompetent to stand
trial. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 8, 245-262. doi:
10.1080/14999011003635670
Warren, J. I., Rosenfeld, B., Fitch, W. L., & Hawk, G. (1997). Forensic mental health clinical
evaluation: An analysis of interstate and intersystemic differences. Law and Human Behavior,
21, 377-390. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1394105
Watt, B. D., O'Leary, J., & O'Toole, S. (2017). Juvenile fitness for trial: lawyer and youth justice
officer professional survey. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 24, 191-204. doi:
10.1080/13218719.2016.1220036
Wennesheimer, H. M. (2017). Evaluating factors used by mental health professionals to assess juvenile
adjudicative competency (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations
Publishing (10265328).
Williams, P., & Chien, J. (2015). Miranda considerations in juvenile defendants. Journal of the American
Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 43, 394-396. http://jaapl.org/content/43/3/394
Wynkoop, T. F. (2003). Neuropsychology of juvenile adjudicative competence. Journal of Forensic
Neuropsychology, 3(4), 45-65. https://doi.org/10.1300/J151v03n04_04
J-CARD REFERENCE LIST—JANUARY 2018
21/13
Yanofski, J. (2010). Recognizing immaturity as a cause of juvenile incompetency to stand trial. The
Residents’ Journal, 5, 9-10. https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/journals/residents-
journal/2010/June_2010.pdf
Zapf, P. A., & Roesch, R. (2011). Future directions in the restoration of competency to stand trial.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 43-47. doi: 10.1177/0963721410396798
Zapf, P. A., & Roesch, R. (2006). Competency to stand trial: A guide for evaluators. In A. K. Hess &
I. B. Weiner (Eds.), Handbook of forensic psychology (3rd ed.) (pp. 305–331). New York: Wiley.