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THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN

KABUL MUNICIPALITY

KABUL CITY ROAD IMPROVEMENT SUB-PROJECT

OF

TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROJECT

FOR

PROMOTION OF KABUL METROPOLITAN

DEVELOPMENT

IN

THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN

FINAL REPORT

MAY 2015

JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY （JICA）

YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. EID

JR

15-084

1

KABUL CITY ROAD IMPROVEMENT SUB-PROJECT FINAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Location Map

List of Figures & Tables

List of Abbreviations

Outline of the Sub-Project ............................................................................................. 1-1 Chapter 1

1-1 Reporting Period of the Completion Report............................................................................... 1-1

1-2 Background of the Sub-Project .................................................................................................. 1-1

1-3 Activities .................................................................................................................................... 1-2

1-4 Outline of Sub-Project ................................................................................................................ 1-3

Sub-Project Outputs ....................................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 2

2-1 Ultimate Goal and Project Goal ................................................................................................. 2-1

2-2 Sub-Project Outputs - Status of Accomplishment of Achievement ........................................... 2-1

Sub-Project Activities .................................................................................................... 3-1 Chapter 3

3-1 Pilot Project (PP) ........................................................................................................................ 3-1

3-2 Capacity Development I (CD I) ............................................................................................... 3-54

3-3 Capacity Development II (CD II) ............................................................................................. 3-72

3-4 Capacity Development III (CD III) .......................................................................................... 3-91

3-5 The Project for Improvement of East-West Arterial Road and Community Road

in Northern Area of Kabul .......... 3-101

Input Results .................................................................................................................. 4-1 Chapter 4

4-1 Experts’ Activities ...................................................................................................................... 4-1

4-2 Records of Training .................................................................................................................... 4-5

4-3 Records of Procured Equipment ................................................................................................ 4-6

4-4 Records of Sub-Contract ............................................................................................................ 4-6

4-5 List of Trainees ........................................................................................................................... 4-7

Achievement of Activities ............................................................................................. 5-1 Chapter 5

5-1 Outcomes of the Activities ......................................................................................................... 5-1

5-2 Lessons ....................................................................................................................................... 5-3

5-3 Impressive Efforts in Supervision .............................................................................................. 5-3

2

Chapter 6 Suggestions .................................................................................................................. 6-1

6-1 Issues KM Should Tackle ........................................................................................................... 6-1

6-2 Future Projects ........................................................................................................................... 6-2

List of Collected Documents ......................................................................................... 7-1 Chapter 7

Chapter 8 Report List ..................................................................................................................... 8-1

Attached Documents ...................................................................................................... 9-1 Chapter 9

The Kabul City Road Improvement Sub-Project Final Report

Location Map Aid recipient general view

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Project Area（Kabul City）

Kabul

Afghanistan


List of Figures & Tables

Chapter 1 Figure 1-3-1 Activity items and implementation time .................................................................. 1-3

Figure 1-4-1 Relationship between the Sub-Project and the Upper Goal ..................................... 1-3

Figure 1-4-2 C/P Implementation Structure .................................................................................. 1-4

Figure 1-4-3 JET implementation structure. ................................................................................. 1-5

Chapter 3

Figure 3-1-1 Candidates Routes for Pilot Project ............................................................................ 3-1

Table 3-1-1 Evaluation ................................................................................................................... 3-3

Figure 3-1-2 Target Roads of PP .................................................................................................... 3-5

Table 3-1-2 Scoping ...................................................................................................................... 3-6

Figure 3-1-3 NEPA EIA Process (Source: Booklet of ESIA)........................................................ 3-8

Figure 3-1-4 Photographs .............................................................................................................. 3-9

Figure 3-1-5 Image of CBR Test ................................................................................................. 3-10

Table 3-1-3 Result of Traffic Volume Survey ............................................................................. 3-10

Figure 3-1-6 Map of Project Locations ....................................................................................... 3-11

Table 3-1-4 List of Route Lengths .............................................................................................. 3-11

Figure 3-1-7 Typical Cross Section ( Main Roads ) ................................................................... 3-12

Figure 3-1-8 Typical Cross Section ( Community Roads ) ......................................................... 3-12

Table 3-1-5 Summary of estimates ............................................................................................. 3-13

Figure 3-1-9 Map of Project Locations ....................................................................................... 3-14

Table 3-1-6 List of Route Lengths .............................................................................................. 3-14

Figure 3-1-10 Typical Cross Section (with Median Strip) .......................................................... 3-15

Figure 3-1-11 Typical Cross Section (without Median Strip) ..................................................... 3-16

Figure 3-1-12 Typical Cross Section ........................................................................................... 3-16

Table 3-1-7 Summary of estimates ............................................................................................. 3-16

Table 3-1-8 Comparison of Price Bids (US$) ............................................................................. 3-18

Figure 3-1-13 Phase-2 Bidding Procedure Flow ......................................................................... 3-20

Table 3-1-9 Bidders who have passed the Qualification and Technical Evaluation ................... 3-21

Table 3-1-10 Comparison of Price Bids for Lot A after Clarification (US$) .............................. 3-21

Table 3-1-11 Comparison of Price Bids for Lot B after Clarification (US$) .............................. 3-21

Figure 3-1-14 Signing Contract Photographs ............................................................................. 3-22

Figure 3-1-15 Division of PP ...................................................................................................... 3-23

Table 3-1-12 Outline of PP ......................................................................................................... 3-23

Figure 3-1-16 Location Map ....................................................................................................... 3-24

Figure 3-1-17 PP Implementation System .................................................................................. 3-25

Figure 3-1-18 Organization Chart of Supervision Team ............................................................. 3-26


Figure 3-1-19 Phase-1 Plan and Actual Construction Period ...................................................... 3-27

Figure 3-1-20 Phase-2A Plan and Actual Construction Period ................................................... 3-28

Figure 3-1-21 Phase-2B Plan and Actual Construction Period ................................................... 3-29

Figure 3-1-22 Work Flow of Supervision ................................................................................... 3-31

Figure 3-1-23 Duration of Direct Supervision and Remote Control by JICA Experts ............... 3-32

Table 3-1-13 Record of Monthly Delhi Meetings ....................................................................... 3-32

Figure 3-1-24 Flow of Supervision by Remote Control ............................................................. 3-34

Figure 3-1-25 Flow of RFI .......................................................................................................... 3-35

Figure 3-1-26 Flow of Interim Payment ..................................................................................... 3-35

Table 3-1-14 Sample of IPC ........................................................................................................ 3-36

Table 3-1-15 Phase 1 VO ............................................................................................................ 3-37

Table 3-1-16 Phase 2A VO.......................................................................................................... 3-38

Table 3-1-17 Phase 2B VO.......................................................................................................... 3-39

Table 3-1-18 Phase 1 Amendment to Contract ............................................................................ 3-40

Table 3-1-19 Phase 2A Amendment to Contract ......................................................................... 3-40

Table 3-1-20 Phase 2B Amendment to Contract ......................................................................... 3-41

Figure 3-1-27 Photographs of Taking-over parts of Works ......................................................... 3-42

Table 3-1-21 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 1 ................................................. 3-42

Table 3-1-22 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 2A .............................................. 3-42

Table 3-1-23 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 2B .............................................. 3-43

Figure 3-1-28 Work Flow of DLI ................................................................................................ 3-44

Table 3-1-24 Record of DLI ........................................................................................................ 3-45

Table 3-1-25 Accidents and Safety Measures ............................................................................. 3-46

Figure 3-1-29 Photographs of Safety Educations ....................................................................... 3-47

Figure 3-1-30 Before and After Construction 1 ......................................................................... 3-47

Figure 3-1-31 Before and After Construction 2 .......................................................................... 3-48



Figure 3-1-34 Grating Cover for Side Ditch ............................................................................... 3-51

Figure 3-1-35 OJT Program ........................................................................................................ 3-52

Table 3-1-26 Curriculum and Attendance Sheet of Supervision CD .......................................... 3-53

Figure 3-2-1 Organization Structure Chart and departments related to road construction

Kabul Municipality (2011 – 2012) ...... 3-55

Table 3-2-1 Departments Related to Road Project and their Issues ................................................ 3-57

Table 3-2-2 Targeted Members List .............................................................................................. 3-59

Figure 3-2-2 Chart of Implementation System .............................................................................. 3-61


Table 3-2-3 Concrete Evaluation Procedure for Each Item ............................................................ 3-61

Table 3-2-4 Evaluation Criteria .................................................................................................... 3-62

Figure 3-2-3 Composition of CD Program .................................................................................... 3-62

Table 3-2-5 Members with Satisfactory General Evaluation Scores by Department ....................... 3-69

Figure 3-2-4 Photographs of CD I Activities ................................................................................. 3-71

Figure 3-3-1 Composition of Courses ......................................................................................... 3-73

Table 3-3-1 Division of Training ................................................................................................. 3-73

Figure 3-3-2 Photographs of CD II Activities ............................................................................. 3-78

Table 3-3-2 Evaluation and Certification .................................................................................... 3-79

Table 3-3-3 9 Categories and Major Targets of Action Plan ....................................................... 3-80

Table 3-3-4 Follow-up Sessions in Japan and Participants ......................................................... 3-80

Figure 3-3-3 Kabul Municipality’s Organization Chart of MD .................................................. 3-82

Figure 3-3-4 Photograph of KM and Utility Services Meeting .................................................. 3-83

Figure 3-3-5 Location Map of Roads Targeted by Road Register .............................................. 3-84

Figure 3-3-6 Longitudinal chart (sample) ................................................................................... 3-85

Figure 3-3-7 Photograph of Diagnose Pavement ........................................................................ 3-86

Figure 3-3-8 Photograph of Repair Works .................................................................................. 3-86

Figure 3-3-9 Photograph of Survey............................................................................................. 3-87

Figure 3-3-10 Action Plan after CD II-1 ..................................................................................... 3-88



Figure 3-4-1 Location Map ......................................................................................................... 3-91

Figure 3-4-2 Work Flow .............................................................................................................. 3-92

Table 3-4-1 Work Schedule ......................................................................................................... 3-93

Figure 3-4-3 Photographs of Workshop No. 1 ............................................................................ 3-94




Table 3-4-2 Items of Project Plan ................................................................................................ 3-97

Table 3-4-3 Work Schedule ......................................................................................................... 3-98

Figure 3-4-7 Photographs of Workshop in Japan ........................................................................ 3-98

Table 3-4-4 Action Plan .............................................................................................................. 3-99

Figure 3-4-8 Photographs of Workshop in Japan ...................................................................... 3-100

Figure 3-5-1 Project Road Map................................................................................................. 3-101


Figure 3-5-2 Bird-eye View of The Project Road ........................................................................ 3-101

Figure 3-5-3 Typical Cross Section : East-West Arterial Road on Northern Area of Kabul ..... 3-102

Figure 3-5-4 Typical Cross Section : Community Roads in District 11 .................................... 3-102

Figure 3-5-5 Work Flow ............................................................................................................ 3-103

Figure 3-5-6 Photographs of East-West Road ........................................................................... 3-104

Chapter 4

Table 4-1-1 Contents of Japanese Experts Activities .................................................................... 4-1

Table 4-1-2 Assignment Records of Experts ................................................................................. 4-4

Table 4-2-1 Training Implementation Records ............................................................................. 4-5

Table 4-3-1 Equipment Records .................................................................................................... 4-6

Table 4-4-1 Sub-Contract Records ................................................................................................ 4-7

Table 4-5-1 List of Trainees .......................................................................................................... 4-8

Chapter 5

Table 5-1-1 List of Manuals .......................................................................................................... 5-1

Table 5-1-2 List of Textbooks ....................................................................................................... 5-1

Figure 5-3-1 Photographs of Grating ............................................................................................ 5-4

Figure 5-3-2 Photographs of LED Lighting .................................................................................. 5-5

Figure 5-3-3 Photographs of Sub-soil ........................................................................................... 5-6

Figure 5-3-4 Photographs of P2-1 ................................................................................................. 5-7

Table 5-3-1 Evaluation of Contractors(Score out of 100) ............................................................. 5-8

Figure 5-3-5 Calendar ................................................................................................................... 5-9

Table 5-3-2 Results of Comprehension Test on Supervision Seminar .......................................... 5-9

Figure 5-3-6 Frequency of Score ................................................................................................ 5-10

Chapter 6

Figure 6-2-1 Location of Proposed Ditch ..................................................................................... 6-2

Chapter 7 Table 7-1-1 List of Collected Documents ..................................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 Table 8-1-1 Report List ................................................................................................................. 8-1


ABBREVIATIONS

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ACI Appleton Consulting Inc.

AFN Afghani

AISA Afghanistan Investment Support Agency

ASTM American Society for Testing Materials

BQ Bill of Quantities

CBR California Bearing Ratio

CCD Construction Control Department

CD Capacity Development

CPID City Planning and Implementation Department

DCDA Dehsabz City Development Authority

DD Detailed Design

FIDIC International Federation of Consulting Engineers

GCC General Conditions of Contract

GKD Great Kabul Development

GSCC Galaxy Sky Construction Company

IC/R Inception Report

IG Imtiaz Group

IPC Interim Payment Certificate

JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency

KAC Korea Afghan Construction Company

KCI Kabul City Initiative

KM Kabul Municipality

KURIP Kabul Urban Road Improvement Project

M/M Minutes of Meeting

M/P Master Plan

MD Maintenance Department


NEPA National Environmental Impact Protection Agency

NS National Staff

OD Outline Design

OHG Omran Holding Group

OJT On-the-Job Training

PCD Policy and Coordination Department

PMU Project Management Unit

PP Pilot Project

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PPU Procurement Policy Unit

PQ Pre-Qualification

R/D Record of Discussions

ROW Right of Way

SG Sub-Group

TOR Terms of Reference

UBCC Unique Builders Construction Company

UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Services

USAID United States Agency for International Development

VO Variation Order

WB World Bank

WG Working Group

YEC Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd.

Chapter 1 Outline of the Sub-Project


1-1

Outline of the Sub-Project Chapter 1

1-1 Reporting Period of the Completion Report

The completion report of the Sub-Project, which was implemented based on the Record of Discussion (hereinafter referred to as “R/D”) concluded between the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (hereinafter referred to as “Government”) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (hereinafter referred to as “JICA”), presents the outcomes and activities throughout the implementation period, from July 2010 to May 2015.

Sub-Project: The Kabul City Road Improvement Sub-Project for the Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Development (hereinafter referred to as “Sub-Project”)

Country: The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Implementation period: July 2010 – April 2015

1-2 Background of the Sub-Project

Background 1-2-1

The population of Kabul, which was approximately 2 million in 1999, has increased to more than 4 million, exceeding the city’s capacity to absorb the growing population. Moreover, this rapid rate of increase is expected to continue in the coming years and the population is projected to reach 6.5 million by 2025. In line with this rapid population growth, Kabul city has experienced worsening urban problems including lowering of the groundwater level, pollution of water, air and soil, increasing numbers of unlawful residents (internally displaced people, etc.), traffic congestion, and deterioration of the sanitary environment. Therefore, the construction of infrastructure facilities such as water supply system and roads is an important issue. Furthermore, there is concern over the negative impacts which are composed of the deterioration of public order, spread of urban poverty, chronic water shortages and prevalence of infectious diseases (in slum areas inhabited by unlawful residents) as well as environmental pollution and stagnation of the local economy (caused by traffic congestion). It was against such a background that the Government of Japan implemented the Kabul Metropolitan Area Development Planning Study from 2008 to 2009, and as a result the Master Plan (hereinafter referred to as “M/P”) for Kabul Metropolitan Area was formulated.

Kabul Municipality (hereinafter referred to as “KM”) and Dehsabz City Development Authority (hereinafter referred to as “DCDA”) will act as the implementing bodies for various projects based on the M/P; however, even though restoration projects have been conducted in Kabul with the assistance of foreign donors, KM has faced in operating projects and implementing improvement works in the existing urban area, which is a core feature of the urban regeneration program, due to lack of experience.

Purpose 1-2-2

Based on the background, as mentioned in Section 2-1-1, it was decided to implement the Technical Cooperation Project titled “the Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development” (hereinafter referred to as “Project”), and the R/D of the Project was signed on February 27, 2010. In the Project, the aim is to form the base for promoting development projects in Kabul Metropolitan area through finely stipulating development execution plans for the area, strengthening the implementation setup, establishing the local development management setup and methods, and strengthening the project implementation capacity of implementing agencies.

Within the framework of sub-projects under the Project, this Sub-Project aims to improve the implementation capacity of the Kabul Municipality to carry out development projects for the Metropolitan area. Specifically, having “the Kabul Main Road Construction Project” (hereinafter referred to as “Main Roads”) and “the Kabul Community Road Construction Project” (hereinafter referred to as “Community Roads”) as a pilot project (hereinafter referred to as “PP”), the Sub-Project intends to improve the capacity of KM to implement road construction projects in KM through the


1-2

design, procurement and supervision activities. This Sub-Project addresses Output-4, “Improvement of the capacity to implement social infrastructure construction projects in each related departments”, of the six outputs stated in the abovementioned Technical Cooperation Project.

1-3 Activities

The activities of this Sub-Project can be divided broadly into two categories: PP implementation and Capacity Development (hereinafter referred to as “CD”) activity. The items and contents of the activities are summarized below. The results of Sub-Project activities are described in Chapter 3.

Pilot Project 1-3-1

The PP started based on the M/M signed on August 10 and December 15, 2010, ant it was carried out based on the M/M signed on July 6 and December 25, 2011 through confirming the implementation structure, etc. In the PP targeting the 27.6 m roads within Kabul city, a sequence of duties such as planning, design, procurement, supervision, and completion inspection were conducted as an actual road improvement project and completed in October 2013. In the PP, not only road pavement but also subsidiary facilities such as road shoulders, street lights, ditches (with grating covers), and road marking were improved. The entire road construction work of PP was carried out under the three phases, and then was handed over to KM by JICA according to the partial completion of the works. Finally all the road construction works were completed after the defect inspection duration on December 2014.

Moreover, based on the M/M signed on April 30, 2013, the CD for supervision was carried out by using a community road (C-7) which was under construction.

Capacity Development I (CD I) 1-3-2

Based on the minutes of meeting (hereinafter referred to as “M/M”) signed on March 14, 2012 to further enhance the project implementation capacity of the Kabul Municipality, it has been decided to implement CD training for KM officials in the three areas of design, procurement and supervision, and continuously the horizontal development activity and its monitoring was carried out based upon the M/M signed on February 3, 2013.

Capacity Development II (CD II) 1-3-3

Based on the M/M signed, CD trainings related to road maintenances were conducted. The Maintenance Department (hereinafter referred to as “MD”) of KM is actually engaged in a road construction work under the direct management of KM, and maintenance activities have not been practiced due to lack of know-how, insufficient system, lack of machine and equipment for construction, etc. It is on this background a decision was made in the M/M signed on September 10, 2013 to train the staff of KM practically on maintenance management. The training was carried out as CD II based on the obtained basic knowledge in CD I.

Capacity Development III (CD III) 1-3-4

Based on the M/M signed on September 10, 2013, the CD for management of survey and design (hereinafter referred to as “Survey & Design Managements CD”) was added to improve the management capacity of KM officials and to enable them to check technically survey and design of road and bridge carried out by private consultant firm.

Based on the M/M signed on December 5, 2014, the CD for Project Planning (hereinafter referred to as “Project Planning CD”) was also carried out for KM to acquire the ability of project planning for a transportation infrastructure of KM.

East-West Arterial Road 1-3-5

Based on the M/M for the JICA’s preparatory survey signed on November 12, 2011, responding to a request from KM, the outline design and the cost estimation for the “Improvement of East-West


1-3

Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul” (hereinafter referred to as “East-West Road”) were conducted on the assumption that the implementation is done by the grant aid; then, based on the M/M signed on December 25, 2011, the draft report was agreed by KM and submitted.

The Figure 1-3-1 shows the activity items and implementation time.

Figure 1-3-1 Activity items and implementation time

1-4 Outline of Sub-Project

Basic Plan 1-4-1

As a sub-project of the Project, this Sub-Project aims to improve the capacity of KM to implement the road construction project through implementation of Pilot Projects. Out of the six outputs stated in the abovementioned Project, this Sub-Project addresses Output-4, “Improvement of the capacity to implement social infrastructure construction projects in each

related departments”.

Figure 1-4-1 illustrates the relationship between the Sub-Project and the upper goal.

Figure 1-4-1 Relationship between the Sub-Project and the Upper Goal

Areas of Activity 1-4-2

The target area of the Sub-Project is Kabul city. However, as the Japanese experts were restricted from entering Afghanistan due to the security in Kabul, they were forced to conduct the supervision work from India and Japan by remote control and to implement part of CD training in third countries, such as Dubai and India.

Target Groups 1-4-3

The direct target groups of the Sub-Project were the KM staff engaged in city planning and social infrastructure development. Moreover, indirect target groups were members of the local contractors

Activities Contents

Phase-1 (Survey - Construction)

Phase-2 (Survey - Construction)

Defect Inspection

All fields

CD I Design, Procurement, Supervision

CD II Maintenance

Survey & Design Managements

Project Planning

East-West road Outline Design, Pre-Detailed Design

PP

CD III

20152010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Upper Goal

Project goal

Sub-project outputs

To improve the main infrastructure forming a basis of urban development and to promote Metropolitan development based on M/P

To establish a basis to promote Kabul Metropolitan development project

To improve the ability to implement social infrastructure improvement project


1-4

and the expert team’s national staff (hereinafter referred to as “NS”) engaged in the PP of the Sub-Project.

Counterpart Agencies 1-4-4

The counterpart (hereinafter referred to as “C/P”) agencies of the Sub-Project are as follows:

Counterpart agency: KM

Related agencies: DCDA, Ministry of Urban Development

The activity of the Sub-Project can be categorized into two major activities: PP and CD training. The implementation structure of the two activities was established. The implementation structure to carry out the PP was formed under the leadership of the technical deputy mayor with participation of the staff from the related departments. In addition, the NSs of Afghan engineers were placed under the Japanese supervisor during the supervision, and also Project Management Unit (hereinafter referred to as “PMU”) was set up in KM to cope with adjustment of complaints from residents. On the other hand, for the CD training, working group (hereinafter referred to as “WG”) comprised of four managerial officials and four sub groups (hereinafter referred to as “SG”) with each 4-5 trainees from the related departments were formed.

Figure 1-4-2 shows the implementation structure of C/P for both PP and CD training.

Figure 1-4-2 C/P Implementation Structure

Implementation Structure of Japanese Experts 1-4-5

The implementation structure of the Japanese Expert Team (hereinafter referred to as “JET”) was formed for each activity.

Figure 1-4-3 shows the JET implementation structure.

ABBREVIATIONS

PMU: Project Management Unit

CPID: City Planning &

Implementation Department

PCD: Policy & Coordination Department

CCD: Construction Control Department

MD: Maintenance Department

WG

SG

WG

SG

WG

SG

WG

SG

Horizontal Development

CPID PCD CCD MD

CD

CPID PCD PMU

PP

Mayor

Technical Deputy Mayor


1-5

Figure 1-4-3 JET implementation structure.

Leader

Sub leader

PP team 1: Survey, Design, Procurement

CD I team：Survey, Design, Procurement, Supervision

CD II team：Maintenance

CD III team：Survey & Design Management, Project Planning

East-West Road team：Outline Design, Pre-Detailed Design

PP team 2：Supervision

Chapter 2 Sub-Project Outputs


2-1

Sub-Project Outputs Chapter 2

2-1 Ultimate Goal and Project Goal

Ultimate Goal

Based upon M/P, main infrastructure forming a basis of urban development is improved and Metropolitan development is promoted.

Project Goal

A basis to promote Kabul Metropolitan development project is established.

Output of Sub-Project

Improvement of the capacity to implement social infrastructure construction projects in each related department.

2-2 Sub-Project Outputs - Status of Accomplishment of Achievement

The Sub-Project output mentioned above was accomplished as per the following reasons.

The ability required for implementing a social infrastructure project in this Sub-Project means the implementation ability in the field of mainly road sector. Through PP implementation and sets of CDs activities, the implementation abilities of the five fields such as (1)project planning (2)survey & design (3)procurement (4)supervision (5)maintenance in a social infrastructure project was respectively improved, and the systematic operation ability for an entire road construction project was also improved.

The status of accomplishment of achievement is described below.

The significant result of PP activities is that the KM officials could directly participate in the road design, procurement and construction based on the really international standard and conduct on-the-job training (hereinafter referred to as “OJT”). And it is also significant that KM had the real example like the completed road. Accordingly the completed roads by PP are being good examples for new road projects financed by foreign donors, and the tender documents used for PP, such as technical specifications and typical drawings, are being standards in KM. Moreover, the tender method and the evaluation method are under consideration in KM to be introduced into KM. Such voluntary actions by KM for following international standards deserve special mention.

Through CD I training, the eleven officials from the four related departments acquired the basic knowledge of survey & design, procurement and supervision. Moreover those officials delivered the acquired knowledge to 90 colleagues in the respective department, and which can be judged that the knowledge acquired in CD I program was horizontally developed in KM. The four managerial officials from the related departments involved in CD I reported to the director, technical deputy mayor and mayor about the acquired knowledge from the trainees as well as stated their opinions for an improvement of organization to be applied in Km, etc. It led the development of a better communication and systematic operation between departments.

Through CD II training, the 18 officials from the four related departments acquired the basic knowledge and practical skills necessary for the maintenance management. Also they applied the acquired knowledge from CD II and skills to the actual maintenance works of KM, and spread the knowledge and skills through 110 colleagues during their horizontal development activity. It led the increase of budget for maintenance works in the middle of the year.

Through Survey & Design Management CD in CD III, the 15 officials from the two related departments acquired the basic knowledge and the point for reviewing survey and design documents prepared by private consultant. Through Project Planning CD in also CD III, the 3 officials from the two related departments acquired the knowledge of project planning on a road improvement. A project planning has never been made in KM. However a project plan


2-2

was to be made about all the future road projects based on the project plan prepared in CD III as a standard.

Any systematic maintenance works in MD have never been done though MD exists in KM. However new sections for conducting maintenance works was established in MD recently in which some trainees of CD were posted, and accordingly the maintenance works started. Moreover the plan for organizational expansion of maintenance section was newly approved by the mayor and submitted to the president office for its approval. It can be said this is a big result of organizational improvement in KM generated from Sub-Project.

Chapter 3 Sub-Project Activities


3-1

51

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61

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4

1

54

60

7

53

17

57

5

11

58

16

14

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47

30

3146

39

25 32

0 1,250 2,500 3,750 5,000625m

Chapter 3 Sub-Project Activities

3-1 Pilot Project (PP)

3-1-1 Purpose

The PP aims to improve the implementation ability of KM on road improvement projects through the actual project. The on-the-job-trainings (hereinafter referred to as “OJT”) about survey, design, procurement, and construction supervision were carried out during the implementation of the pilot project.

3-1-2 Planning

<Route Selection>

(1) Summary

The PP consists of main roads which connect some districts, and community roads. The main roads targeted by the PP were selected from the roads planned in the Kabul Urban Road Improvement Project (Kabul Urban Road Improvement Project : hereinafter referred to as “KURIP”) and located within 5 km distance from city the center, except one road selected according to the KM request. The community roads targeted by the pilot project were selected from both the area where land readjustment has been completed and near the center of the city.

(2) Main Roads

Among the routes planed in KURIP, the routes for which no donors had committed to improve are shown in Figure 3-1-1.

Figure 3-1-1 Candidates Routes for Pilot Project

Kabul Municipality

Kabul International Airport


3-2

1) Principle

KM has improvement policy stipulating that road improvements should be carried out from the city center.

Less than 2.5 km from city center ○Between 2.5 and 5.0 km from city center

More than 5.0 km from city center ×

2) Correspondence with existing road improvements

Next to the improved road ○Independent road

Improved road ×

3) Importance of the network

Road eliminating missing link ○Important road for traffic operation

Blind road

4) Expected traffic volume

More than 6000 ADT/Lane ○Between 2000 and 6000 ADT/Lane

Less than 2000 ADT/Lane

5) Pavement condition

Non paved or damaged pavement ○With no drainage system, cracks on pavement, or potholes With drainage system and good pavement condition

6) Roadside environment

Easy land acquisition and easy to get understanding of residents ○Requiring understanding of residents in construction stage Having environmental or social impacts

7) Maintenance

Only damage by passing traffic ○Simple damages from water flow other than road surface water Easily damaged by slope failures

The result of the evaluation is shown in Table 3-1-1. The routes which had high scores and the routes requested by KM (Route No. 62) were selected as the target routes for the PP (Refer to Figure 3-1-2). The total length of the main roads was 13.1 km.


3-3

Table 3-1-1 Evaluation

Route No.

1) Principle

2) Correspondence

3) Importance

4) Traffic Volume

5) Pavement Condition

6) Roadside Environment

7) Maintenance Score

Selected Route

1 × - - - - - - - 2 × - - - - - - - 3 × - - - - - - - 4 × - - - - - - - 5 × - - - - - - - 6 × - - - - - - - 7 × - - - - - - - 8 × - - - - - - - 9 × - - - - - - - 10 × - - - - - - - 11 × - - - - - - - 12 × - - - - - - - 13 ○ 23 14 ○ 23 15 × - - - - - - - 16 ○ 23 17 ○ 23 18 × - - - - - - - 19 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 P1-1,2,320 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 P1-4,5 21 ○ ○ 25 22 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 33 P1-7,8 23 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 24 ○ ○ × - - - 25 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 P1-6 26 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 27 × - - - 28 × - - - 29 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 30 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 31 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 32 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 P2-1 33 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 P2-3 34 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 P2-5 35 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 P2-6,7 36 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 37 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 38 ○ ○ ○ ○ 29 39 ○ ○ ○ 27 P2-9 40 ○ ○ ○ 27 41 ○ ○ ○ 27 42 ○ × - - - - 43 ○ × - - - - - - 44 ○ × - - - - - - 45 ○ × - - - - - - 46 ○ ○ ○ × - - - 47 ○ ○ ○ × - - - 48 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 31 49 ○ ○ ○ 27 P2-10 50 ○ × 51 × - - - - - - - 52 × - - - - - - - 53 × - - - - - - - 54 × - - - - - - - 55 × - - - - - - - 56 ○ ○ 25 57 × - - - - - - - 58 ○ ○ 25 59 ○ 23 60 × - - - - - - - 61 × - - - - - - -

* Scoring: ○ 5 points, 3 points


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(3) Community Roads

The selected community roads were located in the central area of Kabul City, and they were selected from both the area where land readjustment has been completed and near the center of the city. (Refer to Figure 3-1-2).

The total length of the community roads is 15.5 km long.

The improvements of these targeted roads were expected to not only improve the level of service of the community roads, but also help in dispersion of the traffic concentrating into the city center.


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Figure 3-1-2 Target Roads of PP


Kabul Municipality


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<Environmental and Social Considerations>

(1) Scoping

Table 3-1-2 Scoping

Evaluation1) Involuntary resettlement D Setback of house, farm and utility etc. D2) Local economy, employment and livelihood E3) Land use and local resources utilization E4) Social infrastructure and local decision-making institutions E5) Existing social infrastructure and services E6) Local communities E7) Benefit and damage misdistribution E8) Gender E9) Children's rights E10) Cultural heritage D11) Local conflicts of interests D12) Public sanitation E13) Infection diseases such as HIV/AIDS D14) Water usage and right E15) Traffic accidents B16) Global warming D17) Biota and ecosystem (Fauna and flora) D18) Geographical features E19) Soil erosion D20) Underground water E21) Hydrographical situation D22) Coastal zone(mangroves etc) D23) Climate D24) Landscape E25) Air pollution E26) Water pollution D27) Soil contamination D28) Waste E29) Noise and vibration E30) Ground subsidence D31) Offensive odors D32) Bottom sediment in sea and rivers E

A: Expected serious impactB: Expected certain impactC: Not clear, further detailed information requiredD: Scarcely Expected impactE: Expected positive impact

NA

TU

RA

L E

NV

IRO

NM

EN

TP

OLLU

TIO

N

Factor

SO

CIA

L E

NV

IRO

NM

EN

T

(2) Environmental Impact Assessment

The following documents were provided by Eng. Nasar Ahmad, Deputy Director of the Environmental Protection Department.

1- Islamic Republic Afghanistan Environment Law : Official Gazette No.912, dated January 25,

expected impact


3-7

2007

2- Islamic Republic Afghanistan Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation : Official Gazette No.932, dated May 10, 2008, English version (Unofficial)

3- Dari Translated Version of the Environment Law

Since “Islamic Republic Afghanistan Ministry of Justice” was mentioned on the cover page of the environment low stated in above, this environmental law and EIA have been probably prepared by the Ministry of Justice.

A booklet about ESIA (Environment and Social Impact Assessment: hereinafter referred to as” ESIA”) under the editorship of NEPA (The National Environmental Protection Agency: hereinafter referred to as “NEPA”) was obtained from Mr. Habib, the Director of Policy and Legislation, NEPA. According to the booklet, a project categorized as Category 1 or Category 2 (as defined below) requires a permit from NEPA under the process shown Figure 3-1-3. However, this project is not categorized into neither Category 1 nor Category 2.

Category 1

Activities likely to have significant adverse effects that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented, and affects an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. In case of road project, Federal or Provincial highways or major roads (except maintenance, rebuilding or reconstruction of existing roads) with total cost of more than 40M AFN. Widening of existing roads may require an EIA.

Category 2

Activities with potential adverse impacts on human populations or environmentally sensitive areas that are less adverse than those in Category 1 and are site specific and in most instances irreversible. In case of road project, Federal or Provincial highways and roads (except maintenance, rebuilding or reconstruction of existing metalled roads) with total cost less than 40M AFN.


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Steps

1

2

4

3

5

6

8

7

10

9

Proponent Prepares Project Screening Report

NEPA and EIA Board of Experts Review the Screening Report

NEPA Conducts Public Disclosure

NEPA requires Proponent to Prepare EIA Study

Certificate of Compliance Issued

and Released

Proponent commences site

works

Proponent prepares and submits EIA Study for review

NEPA and EIA Board of Experts Conducts Review of EIA Study

Proponent revises EIA Study and resubmits


and Released


works

NEPA and EIA Board of Experts Conducts Review of Resubmitted EIA Study

Proponent has 30 days to appeal NEPA’s decision


and Released


works

Director General of NEPA Decides

Category 1 Category 2

Not Approved Approved

Not Approved Approved

14days

7days

14days

45days

30days

In a timely manner

Number of days for NEPA to Act

Figure 3-1-3 NEPA EIA Process (Source: Booklet of ESIA)

<Natural Condition Survey>

(1) Site exploration

The site conditions of 18 main roads (P1-1 to P1-8 and P2-1 to P2-10) and 36 community roads (A-1 to A-3, B-1 to B-6, C-1 to C-11, D-1 to D-2, E-1 to E-4, F-1 to F-6, and G-1 to G-4) were summarized as follows;

1) Main Roads

The existing pavements seemed to be in fair conditions at first sight;, however there were a lot of spots that were going to be easily damaged. The footpaths and side ditches appeared to be partially damaged. Although most of the main roads were in the conditions sated above, some of the roads did not have even pavement or side ditches.

Half of P2-4 was closed to traffic by army, and all section of P2-4 was unpaved. Diches in the intersection of P2-5 and P2-6, and north side of P2-10 were in

condition bad, and there were many puddles on the carriageways. There were four police boxes in front of the entrances of public offices, and three

schools and three mosques stood beside roads.


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The war memorial was located on the carriageway of P1-5.

War Memorial in P1-5 Closure by Army in P2-4

Figure 3-1-4 Photographs

2) Community Roads

The pavement condition was worse than that of the main roads The side ditch had been installed in some section of the road, but most of them

have thick sediment. The Sanitation Department of KM set up the garbage boxes on the footpath so

that the peoples did not throw away garbage. There were 18 police boxes in front of the entrances of public offices, six schools

and four mosques stood beside roads. There were 8 wells on the footpaths of A-1, B-1, B-2, B-5, C-5, C-9, E-3, and F-3. The concrete utility poles were located on the carriageway of B-3. The some construction materials for new buildings occupied the carriageway at

many places. There were a lot of cars parked in some sections of the streets.

(2) Geotechnical Investigation

The CBR (California Bearing Ratio : Rate: hereinafter referred to as “CBR”) test was carried out to evaluate the strength of subgrades.

For the main roads, CBR values shown in KURIP prepared by WB were utilized in the design. However, CBR tests at two locations in P2-4, which was not included in the KURIP, were conducted.

For community roads, a total of eight CBR tests were conducted.

The results of CBR values are around 5 %.


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Figure 3-1-5 Image of CBR Test

(3) Traffic Volume Survey

The traffic volume survey were carried out to get traffic volumes of the target roads for their designs.

The surveys were conducted at 9 locations on the main roads in each direction. The survey recorded the type of the vehicles, for every 15 minutes for 12 hours, from 7 am till 7 pm, on a weekday. The vehicles were categorized into 5 types: (Passenger car, Minivan/4WD, Mini bus, Bus, and Truck).

The results of the survey are shown in Table 3-1-3.

Table 3-1-3 Result of Traffic Volume Survey

Car Van Minibus Largebus Truck 12hTotalInbound 3,548 1,336 46 55 53 5,038

Outbound 5,172 1,799 57 39 74 7,141Inbound 3,343 1,364 59 32 75 4,873



Outbound 2,876 1,744 168 37 34 4,859Inbound 10,178 4,384 345 184 1,195 16,286

Outbound 10,126 3,280 199 118 1,160 14,883Inbound 168 98 7 9 12 294

Outbound 186 98 7 11 8 310Inbound 4,780 1,705 229 64 163 6,941

Outbound 3,866 1,789 284 135 125 6,199Inbound 6088 1561 363 69 675 8,756

Outbound 6957 1788 240 65 1200 10,250Inbound 9,086 4,187 543 319 511 14,646

Outbound 10,360 4,243 429 272 803 16,107

P1-2

P1-5

P1-7

P2-1

P2-2

P2-4

P2-7

P2-9

P2-10

Location

3-1-3 Design

(1) Phase 1 Design

1) Target Routes for Design

Out of the main routes (P1-1- P1-8) that were selected eight routes stretching for 5.1 kilometers, as well as the community roads (D-1-2, E-1-4, F-1-6, G-1-4) stretching for 6.4 kilometers, had been selected as the Phase 1 target roads.

Figure 3-1-6 shows the project locations, and Table 3-1-4 shows the list of route lengths.

r=2.5km

r=2.5km

r=2.5km

r=2.5km


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RoadNumber

RoadLength

L(m)

P1-1 1735 0 + 0 1 + 735

P1-2 536 0 + 400 0 + 936

P1-3 372 0 + 28 0 + 400

P1-4 210 0 + 870 1 + 80

P1-5 847 0 + 30 0 + 877

P1-6 351 0 + 0 0 + 351

P1-7 770 0 + 47 0 + 817

P1-8 254 0 + 27 0 + 281

Total 5,075

Station

BP EP

RoadNumber

Road Length(m)

RoadNumber

Road Length(m)

D-1 210 F-3 514

D-2 408 F-4 374

E-1 427 F-5 209

E-2 425 F-6 341

E-3 423 G-1 415

E-4 424 G-2 328

F-1 679 G-3 322

F-2 631 G-4 315

Total 6,445

Figure 3-1-6 Map of Project Locations

Table 3-1-4 List of Route Lengths

Main Roads Community Roads

2) Design Concept

It was decided to use the design drawings of KABUL URBAN ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (hereinafter referred to as “KURIP”) for the main roads design. Upon conducting discussions with KM, bidding drawings were prepared by revising these drawings.

It was decided to prepare only typical cross section on community roads drawing because they were implemented on the design-build contract basis.

JICA Kabul Municipality

GKD


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3) Main Roads

The road improvement entailed the construction of carriageway, footpaths, concrete ditches, lighting, and other road facilities within the right-of-way. The standard width composition was set upon holding discussions with the KM on the KURIP design documents.

There were three (3) of carriageway width:, 3.0meters, 3.5meters, and 3.75meters. In order to rapidly lead surface rainfall to the concrete ditches installed on the road shoulders, a transverse gradient of 2.5 percent on carriageway and 3.0 percent on footpaths had been set.

Concrete ditches (600 x 600) will be provided to collect rainfall at the roadsides. These concrete ditches will be changed into covered ditches in order to prevent from throwing garbage into the diches. The cross- sections of the ditches, were designed to hold a single day’s rainfall. The side ditch width of 0.9 meters was a part of the shoulder.

In order to secure the safe passage of pedestrians, footpath of at least 2 meters wide was secured. A concrete curb (h = 15 centimeters) was placed at the boundary of the carriageway and footpath, and footpath was adopted mounting up form.

Guide stones were placed on the boundary of the right-of-way. The boundary of the right-of-way is not always clearly indicated;, however, these guide stones were provided to the edge of the footpath paving.

When the width of right-of-way is discontinuous, the footpath width shall be matched with the right-of-way.

Figure 3-1-7 shows a typical cross section of the main roads.

Figure 3-1-7 Typical Cross Section ( Main Roads )

4) Community Roads

As mentioned earlier, the community roads were implemented under the design-build contract basis. Figure 3-1-8 shows a typical cross sections of the community roads.

Figure 3-1-8 Typical Cross Section ( Community Roads )


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(2) Phase 1 Project Cost Estimation

Table 3-1-5 shows the summary of estimates.

Table 3-1-5 Summary of estimates

Afghanistan Kabul road improvement subproject (Phase 1)

Consultant in charge Yachiyo EngineeringBasic design contents Main Roads

1) Detailed design Construction length : 5.1km Pavement structure : Subbase and base courses, asphalt binder course

and surface course Drainage system : Covered concrete gutters Accessory equipment : Street lighting, sign, road marking

2) Execution drawings Plan, Typical Cross Section, Typical Drainage Drawings, Street

Lighting DrawingsCommunity roads1) Detailed design Construction length: 6.4km Pavement structure: Base course, asphalt pavement Drainage system: Stone-lined gutters Accessory equipment: Road surface marking

2) Execution drawings Plan, Typical Cross Section, Typical Drainage Drawings

Construction, schedule, procurement plan

1) Construction plan In consideration of local contractor’s capacity, appropriate execution

plan for pavement works, drainage works etc. is applied. 2) Schedule plan

The end of 2012, in reply to request by the KM 3) Procurement plan

A local firm is procured as a contractor. And Materials and Equipment procured in Afghanistan are used for construction.

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Basic policy 1) Basic policy for estimation Obtain quotation of unit rate for each item from local contractors Each unit rate includes relative cost such as materials, equipment,

and labor costs. Indirect cost is also included in each unit rate.

2) Procurement method Bidding method: Open competitive bidding Prequalification: Applicable Terms of payment: BQ method

*For community roads, which are to be completed according to the design–and-build method, the costs of design for execution will be recorded.

3) Tax measures This project was exempted from duties and value-added tax

(consumption tax). 4) Currency unit used: USD 5) Estimation time point: August 2011

Estimate contents 1) Direct work costs, indirect costsThe unit price item is set and the unit price is set on the basis of

estimates from three contractors. a) Roadway

Subbase and base courses, asphalt binder and surface courses, etc. b) Sidewalk

Base course, checker block, curb, etc. c) Drainage

Covered drainage gutters, manhole, etc. d) Road lighting

Road lighting system, distribution board, etc.


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2) ContingencyContingency is not counted.

(3) Phase 2 Design

1) Target Routes for Design

Out of the main routes (P2-1-P2-10) that were selected eight routes (excluding P2-1 and P2-4) stretching for 6.1 kilometers, as well as the community roads (A-1-3, B-1-6, C-1-11) stretching for 8.8 kilometers, had been selected as the Phase 2 target roads.

Figure 3-1-9 shows the project locations, and Table 3-1-6 shows the list of route lengths.

Figure 3-1-9 Map of Project Locations

Table 3-1-6 List of Route Lengths

Main Roads Community Roads

RoadNumber

RoadLength

L(m)

P2-2 86 0 + 0 0 + 86

P2-3 722 0 + 384 1 + 106

P2-5 764 0 + 132 0 + 896

P2-6 853 0 + 896 1 + 749

P2-7 848 0 + 0 0 + 848

P2-8 384 0 + 0 0 + 384

P2-9 1057 0 + 0 1 + 57

P2-10 1390 0 + 17 1 + 407

Total 6,103

BP EP

Station

JICAKabul Municipality

GKD

RoadNumber

Road Length (m)

Road NumberRoad Length

(m)

A-1 133 C-1 504

A-2 198 C-2 514

A-3 264 C-3 631

B-1 612 C-4 690

B-2 546 C-5 592

B-3 473 C-6 483

B-4 393 C-7 384

B-5 335 C-8 253

B-6 270 C-9 443

C-10 637

C-11 407

Total 8762


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2) Design Concept for Main Road

It was decided to use the design documents of KABUL URBAN ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (hereinafter referred to as KURIP) for the main roads. The topographical data that provides the basis for design was insufficiently displayed and the detailed site conditions were different from conditions on the ground, it was decided to conducted a topographical survey before the design. The reduced scale for the topographical survey was set at 1/1,000 (A3 size) and the scope of survey was set at a width of around 60 meters that was required for the design.

Moreover, field investigation was implemented in order to grasp the conditions that could not be grasped by topographical surveying alone. This field investigation entailed grasping the width, pavement condition and road facilities of the road at 100 meter intervals.

Regarding community roads, topographical survey was not conducted in the stage of preparing order documents because they were implemented under the design-build contract method.

3) Main Road

The road improvement will entail the construction of carriageway, footpaths, concrete ditches, lighting and other road facilities within the right-of-way. The standard width composition was set upon holding discussions with the KM on the KURIP design documents.

The basic width of carriageway should be 3.5 meters. In order to rapidly lead surface rainfall to the concrete ditches installed on the road shoulders, a transverse gradient of 2.5 percent on carriageway and 3.0 percent on footpaths has been set.

Concrete ditches (600 x 600) will be provided to collect rainfall at the roadsides. The cross section of ditches, were designed to hold a single day’s rainfall. The side ditch width of 0.9 meters was a part of the shoulder.

In order to secure the safe passage of pedestrians, footpath of at least 2 meters wide will be secured. A concrete curb (h = 15 centimeters) will be placed at the boundary of the carriageway and footpath, and footpath was adopted mounting up form.

Guide stones was placed on the boundary of the right-of-way. The boundary of the right-of-way is not always clearly indicated;, however, these guide stones provided to support the edge of the footpath paving.

Figure 3-1-10 and Figure 3-1-11 shows typical cross sections of the roads.

Figure 3-1-10 Typical Cross Section (with Median Strip)


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Figure 3-1-11 Typical Cross Section (without Median Strip)

4) Community Road

As was mentioned earlier, community roads were implemented under the design-build contract approach.

Figure 3-1-12 shows a typical cross section of the roads.

Figure 3-1-12 Typical Cross Section

(4) Phase 2 Project Cost Estimation

1) Summary of Cost Estimation

Table 3-1-7 shows the summary of the cost estimation of second phase of the pilot project. The cost was estimated according to “The manual for Design and Estimation of Cooperation preparatory Survey (Trial version, March 2009)”.

Table 3-1-7 shows the summary of estimate.

Table 3-1-7 Summary of estimates

Afghanistan Kabul road improvement subproject (Phase 2) Consultant in charge Yachiyo EngineeringBasic design contents Main Roads (Lot-A)

1) Detailed design Construction length : 6.103km Note: Only 1.390km of P2-10 is included in Lot-B. Pavement structure : Subbase and base courses, asphalt binder course

and surface course Drainage system : Covered concrete gutters Accessory equipment : Street lighting, sign, road marking

2) Execution drawings Plan, Typical Cross Section, Typical Drainage Drawings, Street

Lighting Drawings


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Community roads1) Detailed design Construction length: 8.762km Pavement structure: Base course, asphalt pavement Drainage system: Stone-lined gutters Accessory equipment: Road surface marking

2) Execution drawings Plan, Typical Cross Section, Typical Drainage Drawings

Construction, schedule, procurement plan

1) Construction plan In consideration of local contractor’s capacity, appropriate execution

plan for pavement works, drainage works etc. is applied. 2) Schedule plan

End of 2012, in reply to request by the Kabul Municipality 3) Procurement plan

A local firm is procured as a contractor. And Materials and Equipment procured in Afghanistan are used for construction.

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Basic policy 1) Basic policy for estimationAfter excluding the abnormal value out of the estimate of six companies, the unit price was set at the minimum value.

2) Procurement method Bidding method: Open competitive bidding Terms of payment: BQ method

*For community roads, which are to be completed according to the design–and-build method, the costs of design for execution will be recorded.

3) Tax measures This project will be exempt from duties and value-added-tax (consumption tax).

4) Currency unit used: USD 5) Estimate time point: November 2011

Estimate contents 1) Direct work costs, indirect costsThe unit price item is set and the unit price is set on the basis of estimates from three contractors.

a) Roadway Subbase and base courses, asphalt binder and surface courses, etc.

b) Sidewalk Base course, checker block, curb, etc.

c) Drainage Covered drainage gutters, manhole, etc.

d) Road lighting Road lighting system, distribution board, etc.

2) Contingency Contingency is not counted.

3-1-4 Procurement Policy

(1) Phase 1 - Procurement Policy

1) Introduction

Procurement was carried out in accordance with the sample of tender document issued by PPU (Procurement Policy Unit: hereinafter referred to as “PPU”), which is based on the Procurement Law 2008 of Afghanistan; amendments made in January, 2009 incorporated, and a guideline FIDIC (International Federation of Consulting Engineers, hereinafter referred to as “FIDIC”) with some modifications in accordance with “The Procurement Guidelines of the Japanese Grant Aid (Type I-G)” and “Japan’s Grant Aid Project Tender Documents (Prototype of Instruction to Tenderers) for the Projects of Construction“.


3-18

2) Procurement Procedure and Evaluation

Procurement was carried out as open tender by one envelope method with pre-qualification (hereinafter referred to as “PQ”)to select the Contractor for the Pilot Project on Improvement of Main Roads and Community Roads in Kabul City Phase-1. Pre-qualification and bid evaluation were carried as set forth in the bidding document.

3) Submission and Opening of Bids

Bids were submitted from the bidders and the bids were opened in the presence of the bidders on August 13, 2011 at the 1st Meeting Room of JICA Afghanistan Office.

Zurmat Group, one of the short-listed bidders, declined to submit the bid intimating this by e-mail dated August 11, 2011.

Table 3-1-8 shows the result of Comparison of Price Bids.

Table 3-1-8 Comparison of Price Bids (US$)

Item KAC HKCC ZG IG Bid Price Total 6,923,529.74 8,703,022.54 9,498,983.17Corrected Amount (with Quantity as per Bid Document)

6,923,515.49 8,693,110.99 9,498,964.42

Rank 1 2 3

From the above evaluation, the expert recommended to award the Contract to Korea Afghan Construction Company (hereinafter referred to as “KAC”) whose bid price was the lowest and the bids were substantially responsive to the requirement.

4) Contract Negotiation and Signing

In advance of the contract negotiation, meeting was held with KAC on August 28, 2011 informing that the Bid was assessed as the lowest bid and contract negotiation was held after the holiday of Eid Al-Fitr. The company was also informed about the issues confirmed at the contract negotiation.

Contract negotiation was held on September 19, 2011 and letter of Acceptance was issued on September 21, 2011.

The contract was signed September 27, 2011 nearly a month later the originally schedul due to the holidays of Eid Al-Fitr started at the end of August, insurgent attack on the USA Embassy in Kabul on September 13, suicide bomb attack which targeted the residence of the Afghan High Peace Council Chairman, Mr. Burhanuddin Rabbani, on September 20, etc.

(2) Phase 2 - Procurement Policy

1) 2 Lots system

Phase-2 shall consist of two (2) lots as follows;

Lot A: Improvement of Main Roads (P2-2, P2-3, P2-5, P2-6, P2-7, P2-8, P2-9）（Construction） Lot B: Improvement of Main Road（P2-10）（Construction）

and Community Roads (Design and Build)

2) Eligibility

As the basic requirement for eligibility, the following criteria will be adopted.

- The bidder shall have AISA (Afghanistan Investment Support Agency, hereinafter referred to as “AISA”) license.

- Joint Venture (JV) will not be accepted.


3-19

3) Pre-qualification (PQ)

PQ will be omitted.

4) Procurement Method

Open Tender shall be adopted for the procurement.

5) Bidding Method

Two-envelope method shall be applied for the bidding.

6) Phase-2 Bidding Procedure

The Bidding procedure for Phase-2 is shown in the Figure 3-1-13.


3-20

Figure 3-1-13 Phase-2 Bidding Procedure Flow

(3) Phase-2 Bidding Result

1) Introduction

Procurement was carried out in accordance with the Procurement Law2008 (amendments made in January, 2009 incorporated) of Afghanistan with some modifications in accordance with “The Procurement Guidelines of the Japanese Grant Aid (Type I-G)” and “Japan’s Grant Aid Project


3-21

Tender Documents (Prototype of Instruction to Tenderers) for the Projects of Construction“.

2) Bidding Procedure and Evaluation

Bidding was carried out as open tender by two envelope method without prequalification to select the Contractor(s) for the following lots:.

Lot A:Improvement of Main Roads - Phase 2; KCRI-PP-P2-B01a, Lot B:Improvement of Main Road (P2-10) and Community Roads - PhaseKCRI-PP-P2-B01b

Bidders were requested to submit a bid for either or both of the lots mentioned above.

The bidding evaluation was carried out based on the evaluation criteria set forth in the Bid Document.

3) Technical Evaluation

The Technical Bids including qualification documents were verified in detail, and the qualification assessment and the technical evaluation were carried out. From the above, the expert recommended the bidders in Table 3-1-8 as bidders who were sufficiently responsive to the bidding documents and who might be invited for the Price Bid opening scheduled on February 15, 2012.

Table 3-1-9 Bidders who have passed the Qualification and Technical Evaluation

Qualified Bidders Qualified for 1. Unique Builders Construction Company (UBCC) Lot A or B 2. Omran Holding Group (OHG) Lot A + B 3. Galaxy Sky Construction Company (GSCC) Lot A or B 4. Imtiaz Group (IG) Lot A or B

4) Bidding (Price Bid Opening)

Table 3-1-10 and Table 3-1-11 shows the result of 2nd bidding which contents (Lot A and Lot B) of the bid from the contractors were verified.

Table 3-1-10 Comparison of Price Bids for Lot A after Clarification (US$)

Bidders Item

UBCC OHG GSCC IG

Corrected Amount after Clarification with discount

6,814,065.54 8,101,623.50 8,021,610.30 9,170,369.56

Ranking 1 3 2 4

Table 3-1-11 Comparison of Price Bids for Lot B after Clarification (US$)

Bidders Item

UBCC OHG GSCC IG

Corrected Amount after Clarification with discount

5,370,293.08 6,211,839.50 5,813,309.00 *5,705,598.32

Ranking 1 4 3 2

5) Final Bidding Result

The UBCC provided the lowest price for both Lot A and Lot B. However, since they were qualified for only lot, the company was given the right to choose one of the two lots, Lot A or Lot B. It was then recommended to start the contract negotiation on the company’s preferred lot, Lot B. After confirming that UBCC was willing to sign the contract for Lot B, it was recommended to start the contract negotiation for Lot A with GSCC who had submitted the 2nd lowest bid.


3-22

6) Contract Negotiation and Signing Contract

In advance of the contract negotiation, a meeting was held with UBCC on February 25, 2012 to reconfirm its preference lot and to discuss about any issues to be confirmed at the contract negotiation. As a result, UBCC confirmed that it was still willing to be awarded Lot B. Consequently, it was agreed to hold the contract negotiation on February 28 and exchange signature on the Contract on March 1.

As UBCC’s preference was confirmed, a meeting was held with GSCC explaining that UBCC was willing to be awarded Lot B and the Employer would like to have contract negotiation for Lot A with GSCC (who has submitted the second lowest bid) on February 28 and sign the Contract on March 1.

The contracts for Lot B and Lot A were signed in order with UBCC and GSCC respectively at JICA Afghanistan Office as scheduled on March 1.

Lot A Contract Signing (Mar. 1, 2012) Galaxy Sky Construction Company

(GSCC)

Lot B Contract Signing (Mar. 1, 2012) Unique Builders Construction Company

(UBCC)

Figure 3-1-14 Signing Contract Photographs


3-23

Supervision 3-1-5

3-1-5-1 Outline of Pilot Project

Improvement and Reconstruction of existing roads in Kabul City were implemented under “PILOT PROJECT ON IMPROVEMENT OF MAIN ROADS AND COMMUNITY ROADS IN KABUL CITY” (referred to as PP hereinafter). The target roads consist of 17 Main Roads and 36 Community Roads. PP was divided into three sections, Phase-1, Phase-2LotA and Phase-2LotB as shown in figure below, and they were undertaken by three local contractors.

Figure 3-1-15 Division of PP

Table3-1-12 shows the outline of each Section.

Table 3-1-12 Outline of PP

The target roads were extended and added at P1-7 and P2-1 and deducted at P2-2 in construction stage according to request from Kabul Municipality. The final total length of the target roads is approximately 27.5km comprising 12.2km Main Roads and 15.3km Community Roads. Figure 3-1-16 shows location of the target roads.

LOT B

LOT A

PHASE-1

PHASE-2

PIROT PROJECT ONIMPROVEMENT OF MAINROADS AND COMMUNITYROADS IN KABUL CITY

PHASE-1 PHASE-2 LOT A PHASE-2 LOT B

Korea Afghan ConstructionCompany（KAC）

Galaxy Sky ConstructionCompany(GSCC)

Unique Builders ConstructionCompany(UBCC)

2011/9/25 2012/3/1 2012/3/1

OriginalContract

2011/10/17 ~2012/12/16 2012/3/10~2013/1/9 2012/3/10~2013/1/9

Final Contract 2011/10/17 ~2013/9/30 2012/3/10~2013/9/30 2012/3/10~2013/9/30

2013/11/26 2013/12/25 2013/12/24

7,476,415.49 8,021,610.30 5,370,000.00

10,586,370.53 13,916,574.37 7,971,322.63

Length of MainRoads

8roads　5.2Km 8roads 5.6Km 1road 1.4Km

Length ofCommunity Roads 16roads　6.3Km － 20roads 9.0Km

Road Excavation 52,477m3 44,715m3 59,653m3

Sub-gradeImprovement

47,164m3 58,155m3 23,855m3

Asphalt Pavement 110,312m2 86,486m2 105,457m2

Ditch 19,887m 11,661m 16,896m

Ditch Grating 2,411set 2,928set 726 set

InterlockingPavement 24,364m2 24,373m2 12,931m2

Street Lighting（LED)

173 nos 197 nos 45 nos

MainWorks

Project Name

Counter Part Kabul Municipality

Employer JICA

The Engineer Yachiyo-Engineering Co.,Ltd

Contractor

Original Contract Sum(USD)

Contract Agreement

Actual Completion Date

Final Contract Sum(USD)

ContractPeriod

PILOT PROJECT ON IMPROVEMENT

OF MAIN ROADS AND COMMUNITY

ROADS IN KABUL CITY


3-24

Figure 3-1-16 Location Map

3-1-5-2 Implementation System

The implementation system of PP is shown in Figure 3-1-17.Contract was made between JICA Afghanistan Office as the Employer and Contractors to implement the projects. Consultant (yec: Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd) was appointed to supervise PP as the Engineer stated in the conditions of contract in which FIDIC has applied.

Consultant also implemented Technical Transfer to Kabul Municipality through PP as a component of CD (Capacity Development) program.


3-25

Figure 3-1-17 PP Implementation System

3-1-5-3 Supervision Team

Roles of Supervision Team (1)

Having adopted FIDIC terms in the Conditions of Contact, there was a need to establish a system to fulfill the roles and privileges of the Engineer (in this case, Consultant) which has been strictly specified in the specification. In other words, the roles of the Consultant mainly consist of 1-Verification and Approval of proposals submitted by Contractor including detail implementation design, construction methods, programme and materials for use, 2- Site inspection to ensure the quality in the course of construction, 3-Measurement, Verification and Approval to the interim liquidation and Variation, and 4-Instruction and guidance on the work progress and site safety. The establishment of a supervision team comprising highly specialized staffs was therefore needed.

Organization of Supervision Team (2)

The organization of Supervision Team and principal roles and tasks are shown in Figure 3-1-18.

Supervision Team was composed of 2 resident JICA Experts, 21 NS (National Staff) and 4 officers assigned by Kabul Municipality to PMU and OJT.

JICA

Kabul MunicipalityJICA

Afghanistan Office(The Employer)

RelatedAuthoritiesResidents

yec(The Engineer)

Construction Company(Contractor)

PMU:Project Management UnitOJT:On the Job Traning

Construction

Contract

Consulting Contract

Supervision

Technical Transfer

Support

Technical Cooperation

PMU OJT

Technical Minutes

Assignment Officer


3-26

Figure 3-1-18 Organization Chart of Supervision Team

National Staff recruitment and education (3)

In the NS hiring process, interview was schedule after the paper screening, which emphasized on experience and career. When the interview was conducted, the language skills were mainly checked. For highly specialized position such as QS (Quantity Surveyor), some separate examinations were carried out. Since NS were not necessarily knowledgeable about the specifications including FIDIC, seminars on the specifications were held by JICA Expert on a regular basis to make each NS aware of their Tasks and Responsibilities. In addition, the employment agreement has been renewed after conducting a personal interview and evaluating the achievement in their tasks and responsibilities in the last quarter, so that the incentives were given to NS.

3-1-5-4 Construction Period and Progress

Phase 1 (1)

Construction Period and Construction Progress Rate 1)

Figure 3-1-19 shows the actual construction period and construction progress rate of Phase 1 comparing with the original plan.

PMU

1

1Construction Contract Control

11 OJT trainee

1

1 1

1 2 1 2 2

1 1

8Principle Ro lls and Tasks1 . Team Leader (Total Management) (JICA Expert) 2. Deputy Leader (Construction) 3.Deputy Leader(Contract Control) (JICA Expert)

・ Management of the supervision team ・ Support team leader 　・Support Team leader・ Signatory of documents ・ Supervising the supervision team 　・Documentation, Interpretation of Contract Documents・ Reporting to JICA and Municipality ・ Organizing meeting and communication with Contractor/Municipality 　・Monthly　Report to JICA・ Interpretation of Contract Documents ・ Drafting letters and reports 　・Variation & Claim・ Attend meeting ・ Interpretation of Contract Documents 　・Certify Interim Payment・ Technical instruction and advice ・ Technical instruction and advice 　・Manage and maintain supervision record

4 . Spot Supervisors (JICA Expert) 5. Design Checker (JICA Expert) 6.Secretary・ Spot monitoring of progress and quality ・ Contractor's design review and approval 　・Support Team leader and Deputy leader・ Technical instruction and advice ・ Technical instruction and advice 　・Documentation and Correspondence

　・Translation and Interpretation7 . Site Inspectors (Fie ld Supervision ) 8. Design Engineer 10.Material Engineer

･ Review & check on Contractor's technical documents/drawings ･ Checking and Verification of Contractor's Design and Proposals ･ Review Contractor's technical documents･ Monitor Contractor's activities in quality, time, safety and environment ･ Reporting to Team Leader/Deputy Leader ･ Witness laboratory and field tests and check quality records･ Day-to-day inspection & quality records 9. Surveyor (Topographic Survey) ･ Verification of proposed material and sources･ Checking Contractor's measurement and monthly statement ･ Verification of Contractor's topographical survey ･ Assist inspectors in field measurement and testing･ Reporting to Team Leader/Deputy Leader ･ Assist inspectors in field measurement and testing ･ Reporting to Team Leader/Deputy Leader

･ Reporting to Team Leader/Deputy Leader11. Quantity Surveyor 12 .Erectrical Engineer 13. Administrator

･ Measurement ･Approve design of Street lighting ･ Management of petty cash･ Verification of progress and Interim payment ･Approve Materials of Street lighting ･ Record staff movement and schedule, communication for safety･ Suggestion on variation, new rates and Contractor's comment ･Inspect installation of Street lighting ・ Other administration affairs･ Monthly progress reports

14. Safety Off icer 16 . Munic ipality Off icer (PMU) 17. Municipality Off icer (Supervision, OJT trainee)･ Safety Patrol & Report ･ Assist Contractor to solve issues related with legal, public and social ･ Coordinate with Consultant's Supervision Team

・Accident Prevention , Safety Control affairs, such as obtaining permissions, license, approval, consent, etc. ･ Communication with Municipality15. Qualif ied Engineer (PMU) ･ Assist Contractor to solve issues related with utilities, traffic ･OJT(On the Job Training)

･ Assist Municipality Officer (PMU) management, site safety, environment issues, etc.

9 . Surveyor7 . Site Inspector -1

(Phase-1)7 . Site Inspector -2

(Phase-1)8.Design Engineer

Employer(JICA) Kabu l Mun ic ipality

1 .Team Leader(JICA Expert)

4 . Spot Supervisor(JICA Experts)

15. Qualif ied Engineer(PMU)

5 . Design Checker(JICA Expert)

16 . Mun icipalityOff icer -1


2 . Deputy Leader3. Deputy Leader

(JICA Expert)

13.admin istrator

17 . Mun icipalityOff icer -16. Secretary


14.Safety off icer

11. Quantity Surveyor 12 .Elecrical Engineer10. Material Engineer

7. Senior Inspector

7 . Site Inspector -3(Phase-2A)

7 . Site Inspector -4(Phase-2A)

7 . Site Inspector -5(Phase-2B)

7 . Site Inspector -6 (Phase-2B)

7 . Grating Inspector


3-27

Figure 3-1-19 Phase-1 Plan and Actual Construction Period

All the construction works, which commenced on October 17, 2011, were completed on November 16, 2013, on which the last partial Taking-over Inspection for Street Lighting Works was conducted and passed. The actual construction period was 25 months, including 11 months of extension of time and delay and 14 months of the original construction period.

Reasons for the extension of time 2)

The main reasons of extension of time, of which the Contractor was entitled, are as follows:

1- Suspension of works due to unusual snowfall in the winter season of 2011: 3.5 months extended under the 5th Amendment to Contract.

2- Suspension of works in the winter season of 2012 (December 15 to the end of February): 2.5 months extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

3- Instruction on suspension of work until the remote control organization has been set up as the JICA experts were unable to stay in Kabul due to security deterioration in March, 2013. : 1 month extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

4- Restoration works for the completed road and concrete ditches at P1-7 destroyed by a terror attack in January, 2013: 0.5 months extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

5- Extension of time due to the additional works for the extended P1-7 based on the Kabul Municipality request and the increase of quantities such as Improvement of Sub grade, Grating installation, etc. : 2 months extended under the 9th Amendment to Contract.

Based upon the reasons mentioned above, the final date for Completion of the work was determined to be September 30, 2013 in the contract, which means 9.5 months extension of time form the original contract.

Delay Damages 3)

As to the further 1.5 months delay from the September 30, 2013 deadline, which was attributable to Contractor, Delay Damages were imposed on the roads or works which have been completed after the contract period in accordance with Conditions of Contract.

Phase 2 LotA (2)


Figure 3-1-20 shows the actual construction period and construction progress rate of Phase 2A comparing with the original plan.

11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

OriginalContractPeriod

14

ActualContractPeriod

25

Progress of Works(%)

10 12

2013 2014

1112Months

2011 2012

0 0.0 0.0 3.6

11.3

26.3

38.7

53.5

65.6

74.7

83.6

90.1

98.7100

Defects Liability Period


Suspension

of Works

Suspension

of Works

Planed

0 0 0 0 1.3 2.55.88

11.34

17.92

33.79

43.16

53.04 54.658.3

70.9

77.38

83.6

90.9693.83

100

Final Contract Period

Actual Construction Period

Actual


3-28

Figure 3-1-20 Phase-2A Plan and Actual Construction Period

All the construction works, which commenced on March 10, 2012, were completed on November 18, 2013, on which the last partial taking-over inspection for Street Lighting Works was conducted and passed. The actual construction period was 20 months, including 10 months of extension of time and delay and 10 months of the original construction period.

Reasons for the extension of time 2)


1- Extension of time due to the additional works such as addition of P2-1, improvement of Sub grade and Grating cover of concrete ditches: 2.7 months extended under the 5th Amendment to Contract.

2- Suspension of works in the winter season of 2012 (December 15 to the end of February): 2.5 months extended under the 8th Amendment to Contract.

3- Instruction on suspension of works until the remote control organization is set up as JICA experts were unable to stay in Kabul due to security deterioration in March, 2013. : 1 month extended under the 8th Amendment to Contract.

4- Time for consultation with the related authority regarding relocation of obstacles (several kinds of underground utilities, T-barriers) at P2-1 Road, and the suspension ordered by the related authorities (Police, Defense Force) for public security : 2.5 months extended under the 10th Amendment to Contract.

Based upon the reasons mentioned above, the final date for Completion of the work was determined to be September 30, 2013 in the contract, which means 8.7 months extension of time from the original contract.

Delay Damages 3)

The Contractor being entitled to extension of just 0.3 months out of the 1.5 months after September 30, 2013, Delay Damages were imposed on 1.2 month delay on the roads or works which have been completed after the contract period in accordance with Conditions of Contract.

Phase 2 LotB (3)


Figure 3-1-21 shows the actual construction period and construction progress rate of Phase 2B comparing with the original plan.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12


10


20


Months2012 2013 2014

12 11



Suspensi

on of

Suspension

of Works

Planed

0 2.5

12

25

50

65

80

9095

98 100

0 0 1.5 35.6

10.97

17.98

28.09

39.71

46.9

53.68

63.2

71.23

80.82

87.75

94.94100



Actual

Grating Manufacturing


3-29

Figure 3-1-21 Phase-2B Plan and Actual Construction Period

All the construction works, which commenced on March 10, 2012, were completed on November 18, 2013, on which the final partial Taking-over inspection for Street Lightings was conducted. The actual construction period was 21 months, including 11 months of extension of time and delay and 10 months of the original construction period.

Reasons of extension of time 2)


1- Extension of time due to additional works such as improvement of Sub-grade, Grating works, etc. : 2.7 months extended under the 5th Amendment to Contract.

2- Suspension of works in the winter season of 2012 (December 15 to the end of February) : 2.5 months extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

3- Instruction on suspension of works until the remote control organization is set up as JICA experts were unable to stay in Kabul due to security deterioration in March, 2013. : 1 month extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

4- Extension of time due to the delay of consultation with the related agencies about the underground obstacles at P2-10, removal of crossing water canals (siphon), addition of new works, variation of orders for longitudinal slope: 1.5 months extended under the 7th Amendment to Contract.

5- Extension of work for extension of P2-10 road (45m), etc. by the request of KM: 1 month extended under the 8th Amendment to Contract.

Based upon the reasons mentioned above, the construction deadline in the contract was determined to be September 30, 2013, which means 8.7 months extension of time from the original Time for completion.

Delay Damages 3)

As to the delay of 1.5 months after September 30, 2013, which was attributable to Contractor, Delay Damages were imposed on the roads or works which have been completed after the contract period in accordance with Conditions of Contract.

3-1-5-5 Work Flow of Supervision

Figure 3-1-22 shows work flow of Supervision.

PP was implemented Road by Road basis according to the work flow.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12


10


21

201412 11


Months2012 2013



Suspensio

n of Works

Suspension

of Works

Planed

0.130.140.212.01

7.66

25.67

48.76

65.28

85.90

99.39100.00

0.000.000.212.013.004.50

5.81

14.46

28.01

34.99

48.96

61.34

71.61

77.90

92.98

100.00



Actual


3-30

Weekly meeting was held with JICA Experts, NS and Contractors in attendance to check and monitor the progress and to discuss the issues.


3-31

Figure 3-1-22 Work Flow of Supervision

Contrator The Engineer(Consultant) JICA Kabul Municipality

Equest for Approval・Programme・Method of statement・Materials

Modify Checking & Evaluation

Receipt Approval in writing

Changes in site conditions

Study on the necessity ofVariation

ReceiveRequest for

modification on Desugn

Technical consideation &Cost evaluation

Application to JICA Checking & Evaluation

Notify Approval in writing Approval in writing Reply in writing

Amendment to Contract Amendment to Contract

Request for ApprovalDetail design for each road

ModifyDesign check &

BOQMeeting if necessary

Application to JICA Design check

Cmencing Works Approval in writing Approval in writing

Reuest for Inspection（RFI)

Correct Conduct inspection

Proceed with next works Apprival in writing

Design changes

Site Instructtion(SI) Notify if necessory

Change on Site

Completion of Road

As-built Drawing

ModifyCheck &

BOQ

Application to JICA Check

Receive Approval in writing Approval in writing

Complete rectification andoutstanding works if any

Report on Test omCompletion

Witness of officers

Partial Taking-overCertificate

Hand over to KM Taking-over

Commencement of DefectNotification Period

Maintenance

Last Taking-over

Rectify Notification of Defects Notification of Defects Notification of Defects

Partial Defect LiabilityInspection

Last Defect LiabilityInspection

Completion Certificate

Completion of Contract

Meeting and Confirmation

Test on Completion

Re-inspection

Completion of Taking-over for all roads

Defect Notification Period:1 year

Approval prio to commencement

Variations

Approval

of Detail Design

Construction

Supervision

Approvall of

As‐built Drawing

Partial

Taking‐over

Defect

Liability

NO

YES

NONO

YES

YES

NO

YES

NO

YES

NO

NO YES

YES

Defect Notification Period:1 year

Submit

NO


3-32

3-1-5-6 Supervision by Remote Control

Execution of Supervision by Remote Control (1)

Although JICA Experts were unable to stay in Kabul due to deterioration of the public safety, the Experts continued to supervise the PP remotely from Japan or a third neighboring country. The remote control was implemented for the period mentioned below.

1st remote control: from April 25, 2012 to May 14, 2012 (from Japan for 19 days) 2nd remote control: from February 25, 2013 to November 6, 2013 (from Japan or India)

The 2nd remote control was executed from a neighboring country, India (Delhi), as it was expected to last for a long time.

Figure 3-1-23 shows duration of direct supervision and remote control by JICA Experts.

Figure 3-1-23 Duration of Direct Supervision and Remote Control by JICA Experts

Flow of Supervision by Remote Control (2)

Figure 3-1-24 shows Work Flow of Supervision by Remote Control.

Monthly meetings were held in Delhi with NS and in attendance of the representatives of the three contractors. Table 3-1-13 shows the record of the meeting. Various issues which were difficult to be understood and solved by the remote control have been discussed face-to-face to overcome the weakness of the remote control.

Table 3-1-13 Record of Monthly Delhi Meetings

year

month 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Construction Period

Direct Control in Kabul

Remote Control from Japan

Remote Control from Delhi

Regular Meeting with NationalStaff in Delhi

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2011 2012 2013 2014


JICA Experts National Staff(NS)Contractor

(3 companies)

12013/7/21～2013/7/26

Delhi India2

(Masuda、Nagura）

5 3

22013/9/1～2013/9/6

Delhi India1

(Masuda）5 3

32013/10/1～2013/10/6

Delhi India2

(Yabe、Masuda）

5 3

42013/11/1～2013/11/6

Delhi India2

(Yabe、Masuda）

4 3

52013/12/4～2013/12/7

Delhi India1

(Masuda）2 -

・Progress of Works ofeach project・Schedule of Works・Taking-over InspectionResults and Schedule・Outstanding Documentsto be submitted・Discuss technical issues・Site Safety Evaluationof Patrol & Management・Administrative matters

NO Duration Place

Attendants(no's)

Agenda


3-33

NS Jap. Expert by Remote

Change of Site Condition, etc orNothing Report/Communication

Examine necessity ofVariation Order

Acceptance of Application Form Applicatio Form for Change

Measurement ・Technical Evaluation/Estimation

Drawing Quantity Estimation Application Foprm for Desgin Change Approval Approval

Notice Acceptance of Approval Form Acceptance of Approval Form Issue of Answer Acceptance of Answer

Amendment of Contract Amendment of Contract

Excuting Drawing (ED) Implementation Desgin Drawing

Modification Implementation Desgin Drawing Check of Design Meeting

Quantity Estimation Apply for Approval of Implementation Design Checking

Works Approval Document Approval Document Approval

Request for Inspection(RFI)

Supervision for Modification Inspection

Works at Next Stage Works Approve

Neccisity of Site Change

Site Instruction (SI) Instruction Meeting

Change of Inplementation Design/Works

Completion of Each Road

AS-built Drawing for each Road（AD)

Revision Verification

Verification

Measurement Apply for Approval of As-built Drawing Verication

Acceptance of Approval Sheet Issue of Approval Sheet Approval

Request for Partial Completion Inspection Acceptanmce of Inspection Request Acceptance of Report

Report of Inspection Result

yes

Reajustment Work Defect、Uncompleted Work or Nothing Reprt of Readjustment

No

Notice for Completion of Defect,Uncompleted Work

Dicision of Date for PartialCompletion Work

（befor 1 week）

Notice & Check ofInspection Date

Notice Sheet for PartialCompletion Inspection

Acceptance of Notice Sheet

Reporting of Inspection Result Check of Inspection Result Report

Report Report Report

yes

Readjustment Work Defect、Uncompleted Work or Nothing

No Issue of Certificate for Partial Completion

Attendance for Check

Reporting for Completion Checking

Inspection（Sign for Check by KM Inspector）

Check of Inspection Result Report

Partial Completion Certicicate Partial Completion Certicicate Issue of Partial Completion certificate Partial Handing-over Document Completion of Partila Handing-over

・Handing-over document

・Inspection Result Report・Completion Drawing

Go to （２） Go to （２）

Weekly Progress Meeting

Monthky Progress Meeting in Delih

Meeting

ContractorSupervision Team

JICA Kabul Municipality

Internal Inspection

Implementation of Partial Completion Inspection Implementation of Partial Completion Inspection

Submission of Report

Completion Cheking Inspection

Design Change

Implementation

desgn

Supervision

NONO

YES

YES

YES

N

NO YES

YES

NO If necessary

Approval of

As‐built Drawing

Inspection of

Partial Completion

YES

N


3-34

Figure 3-1-24 Flow of Supervision by Remote Control

Review on Remote Control (3)

Remote Control is considered in general successful under particular conditions such that

1- JICA Experts were aware of the site conditions and the issues. 2- NS’s have been well trained for one year before JICA Experts left Kabul for remote control. 3- Mutual trust and communication between JICA Experts and NS could be maintained.

On the other hand, issues may remain in terms of deterioration in quality and site safety.

3-1-5-7 Detailed Design

As the project was executed based upon Design/Built Contract, field surveys and detailed design drawings prepared by contractors for each road were checked and evaluated by the consultant. After the detailed design is checked, application with measurement and BoQ (Bills of Quantity) attached is submitted to JICA for approval. Three (3) sets of detailed design drawings are prepared and signed by JICA, consultant and contractor. The works commenced upon approval of the detailed design.

3-1-5-8 Quality Control

Upon completion of a certain works or before commencement of the next works in the course of construction works, Contractor submits RFI (Request For Inspection) to Supervision Team. Inspector of the Supervision Team inspects if the works have been done in accordance with Drawing and Specification. The items of inspection include survey setting out, formation level checking , in-situ tests such as CBR, FDT (Field Density Test) and fresh concrete tests, concrete compressive strength test, asphalt density, configuration of structures and attendance during concrete placement and asphalt pavement. The results of the inspection are submitted to Team Leader (JICA expert) with the test result

・Handing-over document

・Inspection Result Report・Completion Drawing

Start of Partial Defect Liability Warranty Time Maintenance Management

・Check of Defect

Repair at appearance of Defect Notice of Defect ・Defect Responsibility or No Notice of Defect Notice of Defect

Notice of date for Partial Fect Inspection Notice of date for Partial Fect Inspection

Report of Inspection Result

Reporting of Inspection Result Check of Inspection Result Report


Defect or nothing No Issue of Partial Completion Certificate Notice of Completion

　　　yes

Readjustment Work Instruction・Check of Defect

・Defect Responsibility or No

Attendance for Check

Reporting of Completion Chcking

Inspection（Sign for Check by KM Inspector）

Invice for Release of Retention

Partial Completion Issue of　Partial Completion Certificate ｃｃ Notification Notification

Application for Release of Retention Approval of Release of Retention

Release of Retention

End of Contract Completion Certificate Notification Notification

Decission of Date for Partial Defect Inspection Meeting

Preparatory Inspection

Implementation of Partial Defect Inspection

Submission of Report

Meeting on Defect Responsibility

Completion Checking Inspection

Check, Preparation of Completion Certificate and Application ofRelease of Retention

Implementation of Partial Defect Inspection

Defect Liability Warrant Time:1 year

Defect Inspetion


3-35

and pictures attached for the expert’s confirmation and approval. Figure 3-1-25 shows flow of RFI.

Figure 3-1-25 Flow of RFI

3-1-5-9 Interim Payment Certificate

Figure 3-1-26 shows flow chart of Interim Payment after submission of interim invoice by Contractor until payment by JICA. Contractor may submit invoice on monthly basis if value of executed works exceeds 5% of contract sum for interim payment with the drawings showing the executed works and the calculation of the work quantity attached. The Engineer issues IPC (Interim Payment Certificate) to Contractor after checking the invoice, and submits application for payment to JICA.

Figure 3-1-26 Flow of Interim Payment

A sample of IPC is shown in Table3-1-14.

Contractor Inspector Dep. Leader Team Leader

InternalInspection

RFI RFI

CorrectNO

Pass

YES

RFI：attached byrecords and

Pictures


Pictures


Pictures

Photo Copy Keep original RFI Confirm

Site Inspection

Supervision Team

Contractor The Engineer JICA

Invoice for MonthlyPayment associated

with necessarydocuments

Drawings for works doneMeasurment of Quontities

ModifyNO

Check and Approve Drawingsand Measurement

YES

BOQ for total value

Posthone interimpayment

NOTotal Value - Last Total

Value≧5% of Contract Sum

YES

Interim Payment certificate

Application to JICA Check & Approval

Receive Payment


3-36

Table 3-1-14 Sample of IPC

The followings are supplementary explanation of IPC:

<2> : Value of Works Done: Cumulative value calculated based upon approved drawing showing completed works and quantities

<3> : Progress of Works (%): Value of Works done / Contract Sum <4> : Retention：10% of Value of Works done to be deducted as retention <5> : Release of Retention：Half of the retention (5%) is released when the relevant roads are taken

over as parts of the whole works. The other half is released when the relevant defect notification period expires.

<6> : Advance Payment：10% of the original contract sum <7> : Amortization of Advance Payment：Advance Payment is amortized in proportion to progress

of works after the progress exceeds 30% <8> : Amount Payable：Calculated by (<2>－<4>＋<5>－<7> ) including Tax <9> : Withholding Tax：JICA withholds Tax of 2% of <8>. JICA pays the tax to the government

<10> : Amount after deduction of Tax：Amount actually disbursed to Contractor

3-1-5-10 Variation Order (VO）and Amendment to Contract

The procedure of variation order is as follows: First, the consultant makes the decision of the necessity of Variation through a technical study and evaluation of the proposal submitted by contractors in case of changes in site conditions or request from KM; then, the application for Variation with the design drawings and the technical justification attachments is submitted to JICA after the meeting and discussion are held among Consultant, the Contractor, KM and JICA. The Variation order is used here in case new items should be added to the BoQ. Changes in quantities in BoQ after approval of the Detailed Design and As-built drawing are treated as BoQ adjustment (quantity change). Table3-1-15 to 3-1-17 show major variations (variations exceeding USD50,000 are shown) ordered to each Contractors.

After approval of VO, JICA and Contractor exchange Amendment to Contract. Amendment was also made when the value of amendment reaches a certain amount after the detailed designs have been approved. The final amendment was made upon approval of all As-built drawings. Table 3-1-18 to 3-1-20 show chronological history of Amendments.

Price Unit：USD

TILL DATE UPTO PREVIOUS INVOICE THIS INVOICE

<1> Contract Amount 10,578,764.87 - -

<2> Value of Works Done (Total) 8,185,680.43 7,353,867.27 831,813.16

<3> Work Progress ratio (%) 77.38 - - <1>/<2>

<4> Retention (10%) 818,568.04 735,386.73 83,181.31 <2>ｘ10%

<5> Release of Retention 47,749.56 47,749.56 0.00

<6> Advance Payment 747,640.00 - -

<7> Amortization of Advance Payment(10%) 578,511.97 530,070.85 48,441.12 <6> ｘ <3>

<8> Amount Payable 6,836,349.98 6,136,159.25 700,190.73 <2> - <4> + <5> - <7>

<9> Withholding Tax(2%) 136,727.00 122,723.19 14,003.81 <8> x 2%

<10> Amount after deduction of Withholdin 6,699,622.98 6,013,436.06 686,186.92 <8> - <9>

NO. DESCRIPTIONPAYMENT DETAILS AS OF 30th Jun 2013

Remarks


3-37

Table 3-1-15 Phase 1 VO

VO　No. Date Items Summary Amount chnaged（USD)

VO-1 2012/3/5Additional work of coveredditch for community road

Added works of concrete cover (3m/site)on ditch in front of garage of a privatehouse facing community road

89,184

VO-2 2012/7/27Additional work of frame forgrating of ditch at main road

Based on request of KM, added works ofFrames cast in concrete prior to settingGrating Cover (@4m) for Concrete Ditch

101,040

VO-3 2012/7/27Additional work of subgradeground improvement

Added works of subgrade imporvementssuch as replacement and cement mixing

386,648

VO-4 2012/7/27Additional work of concretepavement behind ConcreteDitch of main road

Based on request of KM, added works ofconcrete pavement behind ConcreteDtch along main road with width of500mm to wide parking area

226,862

VO-5 2012/7/27 Adoption of LED lightingBased on request of KM, Street Lightingwas changed from HPS to LED

380,512

VO-9 2012/10/2Additional work of grating onmain road ditch

Based on request of KM, added works ofgrating with width of 4m length fordrainage

934,620

VO-10 2012/10/22Change of height ofcommunity road ditch

Height of ditch is needed to raise in orderto adjust it to the exisiting ground at rearside of ditch

85,200

VO-11 2013/1/10Deletion of Street Lightingfor P1-7

Based on request of KM, work of lightingfor P1-7 was stopped and canceled.

-201,731

VO-12 2013/5/30Addition of repair work forroad at points of the endand intersection of P1-7

Added repair work of 130m road at thepoint of end and intersection of P1-7 byrequest of KM

271,670


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Table 3-1-16 Phase 2A VO


VO-1 2012/6/27Additonal work of gratingreceiving frame on mainroad ditch

Based on request of KM, added works ofFrames cast in concrete prior to settingGrating Cover (@4m) for Concrete Ditch

58,925


Added works of subgrade imporvements suchas replacement and cement mixing

861,815


Based on request of KM, added works ofconcrete pavement behind Concrete Dtchalong main road with width of 500mm to wideparking area

131,345

VO-4 2012/6/27 Adoption of LED lightingBased on request of KM, Street Lighting waschanged from HPS to LED

213,423

VO-5 2012/7/24 Additional work od P2-1Based on request of KM, additionalimprovement work for P2-1 with 1km lengthwas added.

1,947,655

VO-7 2012/8/6 Change of road-lightingDue to change to LED lighting, it was neededto add arm of 1.6m length on pole as a resultof illuminance culculation

78,000


Based on request of KM, added works ofgrating with width of 4m length for drainage

1,057,090

VO-11 2013/2/1 Delete P2-2Deleted repair work of P2-2 based uponconsultaiton with KM

-152,831

VO-12 2013/2/1Addition of connectiong roadpoint at P2-5

Added repair work because existingpoint(L=46m) of P2-5 was under severedeterioration condition

79,987

VO-21 2013/8/1Additional work ofestablishing square boxesfor tree-planting

By request of KM, established square boxes atfootpasses for future

155,250


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Table 3-1-17 Phase 2B VO


VO-1 2012/6/5Additional work of coveredditch for community road

Added works of concrete cover (3m/site) onditch in front of garage of a private housefacing community road

389,726


Added works of subgrade imporvements suchas replacement and cement mixing

247,697


Based on request of KM, added works ofconcrete pavement behind Concrete Dtchalong main road with width of 500mm to wideparking area

67,706

VO-5 2012/6/27 Adoption of LED lightingBased on request of KM, Street Lighting waschanged from HPS to LED

68,153


Based on request of KM, added works ofgrating with width of 4m length for drainage

257,150

VO-9 2012/10/22Change of height ofcommunity road ditch

Height of ditch is needed to raise in order toadjust it to the exisiting ground at rear side ofditch

159,720

VO-12 2013/7/1Rectification of design ofP2-10

Based upon consultation with KM, theadjustment of height was dealt with change ofdesign as the changes of longitual section andthe range of construction works at end point

185,874

VO-20 2013/12/19Increase of thetrasportation cost ofgravel stones

The gravel collecting site (formaterials of roadbed and asphalt) wasforced to change due to thegovernmental instruction not to usethe site after the contract of workswas signed

147,385


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Table 3-1-18 Phase 1 Amendment to Contract

Table 3-1-19 Phase 2A Amendment to Contract

DateContract Amouont

（USD）% Contents of Amendment

OriginalContract

2011/9/25 7,476,415.49 100% ー

1st 2012/3/8 7,565,597.69 101.2% ・addition of VO-1

2nd 2012/7/2 8,660,661.49 115.8% ・Addition of VO-2～VO-5

3rd 2012/9/13 8,745,912.49 117.0% ・Addition of VO-6､7

4th 2012/11/1 9,680,532.49 129.5% ・Addition of VO-8､9

5th 2012/11/13 9,765,732.49 130.6%・Addition of VO-10・Extention of Time for Completion

6th 2013/1/20 10,372,283.85 138.7%・Alteration of Quantities as per ED and AD・Alteration of Quantity of VO-3・Addition of VO-11

7th 2013/3/28 10,372,283.85 138.7% ・Extention of Time for Completion until July 31, 2013

8th 2013/7/14 10,578,764.87 141.5%

・Quantities adjustment (Interim adjustment) based onapproval of Implementation Design（ED-27～ED-31） andCompletion drawing（AD-5～AD-14）・Additon of VO-12・Addition of VO-13・Addition of VO-14

9th 2013/7/16 10,578,764.87 141.5%・Extention of Time for Completion until September 30,2013

10th 2013/9/1 10,657,260.67 142.5%

・Quantities adjustment (Interim adjustment) based onapproval of Implementation Design（ED-32） andCompletion drawing（AD-18）・Additon of VO-15

11th 2013/12/26 10,586,370.53 141.6%

・Quantities adjustment (Final adjustment)) based onapproval of Implementation Design（AD-19～AD-27）・Addition of VO-17～VO-19・Reduction of money due to delay of work



OriginalContract

2012/3/1 8,021,610.30 100.00 -

1st 2012/7/2 9,287,118.30 115.8% ・Addition of VO-1～VO-4

2nd 2012/9/13 11,234,773.30 140.1% ・Addition of VO-5（P2-1)

3rd 2012/9/17 11,312,773.30 141.0% ・Addition of VO-6､7

4th 2012/11/1 12,369,863.30 154.2% ・Addition of VO-8

5th 2012/12/11 12,419,154.70 154.8%・Addition of VO-9､10・Extention of Time for Completion

6th 2013/1/20 13,316,363.90 166.0%・Alteration of Quantities as per ED and AD）・Alteration of Quantity of VO-2

7th 2013/3/13 13,243,520.50 165.1%・Addition of VO-11・Addition of VO-12

8th 2013/3/28 13,243,520.50 165.1% ・Extention of Time for Completion until July 15, 2013

9th 2013/6/6 13,411,259.70 167.2%

・Quantities adjustment (Interim adjustment) based onapproval of Implementation Design（ED-13～ED-21）・Addition of VO-13～VO-16

10th 2013/7/7 13,411,259.70 167.2%・Extention of Time for Completion until September 30,2013

11th 2013/9/3 13,843,163.59 172.6%

・Quantities adjustment (Interim adjustment) based onapproval of Implementation Design（ED-22）・Addition of VO-17～VO-25

12th 2013/12/29 13,916,574.37 173.5%

・Quantities adjustment (Final adjustment) based onapproval of implementation Design（AD-1～AD-8）・Addition of VO-26～VO-33・Reduction of money due to delay of work


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Table 3-1-20 Phase 2B Amendment to Contract

3-1-5-11 As-Built Drawing（AD）

AD is submitted by contractors upon completion of works for each road. If the AD has no difference from the works executed on the site, final measurement is made in quantity for approval of JICA. Four sets of AD are prepared. One of them is submitted to KM at the time of handing-over of each road. The other three sets are for JICA, Consultant and the Contractors. The amount money for each road work is settled down by approval of the AD.

Upon approval of AD for all the roads, the contract sum is fixed and the final amendment to contact is made.

3-1-5-12 Taking-over Parts of Works and Defect Notification Period (DNP)

Taking-over of Parts of Works (1)

The Test on Completion (Taking-over Inspection) was conducted respectively to the completed roads upon the request from the contractors. JICA, officers from KM, Consultant and Contractor attended the Taking-over Inspection. After the contractor completed and rectified the outstanding works and defects, if any, according to the report on Taking-over Inspection prepared by Consultant, a Rectification Inspection for confirmation was conducted in witness of KM’s officers. The date when the rectification inspection was conducted and passed becomes the date of Handing-over to KM. Taking-over parts of Works has been divided into seven (7) groups of roads for Phase 1, four (4) groups for Phase-2A and five (5) groups for Phase-2B. 365 days - Defect Notification Period started from the date of Taking-over of respective group.

Table 3-1-21 to 3-1-23 show the dates of Taking-over Inspection, Rectification Inspection, Hand-over to KM and DNP according to groups of Taking-over.



OriginalContract

2012/3/1 5,370,000.00 100% -

1st 2012/6/9 5,752,000.00 107.1% ・Addition of VO-1

2nd 2012/7/2 6,152,931.00 114.6% ・Addition of VO-2～VO-5

3rd 2012/9/17 6,206,525.78 115.6% ・Addition of VO-6

4th 2012/11/1 6,463,675.78 120.4% ・Addition of VO-7､8

5th 2012/11/13 6,623,395.78 123.3% ・Addition of VO-9

6th 2013/1/20 7,398,298.65 137.8%・Alteration of Quantities as per ED and AD・Alteration of Quantity of VO-3

7th 2013/3/28 7,398,298.65 137.8% ・Extention of Time for Completion until August 31, 2013

8th 2013/8/26 7,824,925.69 145.7%

・Extention of Time for Completion until September 30,2013・Quantities adjustment (Interim adjustment) based onapproval of Implementation Design（ED-22～ED-23） andCompletion drawing（AD-7～AD-15）・Addition of VO-11～VO-14

9th 2013/12/29 7,971,322.63 148.4%

・Quantities adjustment (Final adjustment) based onapproval of implementation Design（AD-16～AD-22）・Addition of VO-15～VO-20・Reduction of money due to delay of work


3-42

Figure 3-1-27 Photographs of Taking-over parts of Works

Table 3-1-21 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 1

Table 3-1-22 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 2A

From Until

1st 2012/10/3 2012/11/21 D-1,F-3,F-4,G-2 2012/11/21 2012/10/3 2013/10/2

2nd 2013/2/6 2013/5/4 E-2,E-3,G-3,G-4 2013/5/4 2013/5/4 2014/5/3

3rd 2013/7/15 2013/8/4 D-2,E-1,E-4,F-1,F-2,F-5,F-6,G-1 2013/8/4 2013/8/4 2014/8/3

4th 2013/8/26 2013/9/21 P1-2,P1-3,P1-7,P1-7(2),P1-8 2013/9/21 2013/9/21 2014/9/20

5th 2013/9/23 2013/10/21 P1-4,P1-5,P1-6 2013/10/21 2013/10/21 2014/10/20

6th 2013/10/12 2013/10/23 P1-1 2013/10/23 2013/10/23 2014/10/22

7th 2013/10/20 2013/11/26 Street Lighting 2013/11/26 2013/11/26 2014/11/25

Partial Taking-over

Date ofTaking-overInspection

Date ofRectificationInspection

Relevant RoadsDate of Hand-over to

KM

Defect Notification Period

From Until

1st 2013/8/25 2013/9/18 P2-7,P2-8,P2-3 2013/9/18 2013/9/18 2014/9/17

2nd 2013/9/25 2013/10/23 P2-5,P2-5J,P2-6,P2-9 2013/10/23 2014/10/23 2014/10/22

3rd 2013/10/13 2013/10/27 P2-1 2013/10/27 2014/10/27 2014/10/26




KM

Defect Notification PeriodPartial Taking-over



3-43

Table 3-1-23 Taking-over parts of Works and DNP for Phase 2B

Inspection and Maintenance during DNP (2)

Periodical patrol on the roads which have been taken over was conducted by the National Staff (NS) during DNP. The report of the patrol was forwarded to the contractors who were instructed to execute rectification works accordingly.

Periodical Inspection as part of CD (3)

Periodical inspection was conducted with the officials of KM as a part of CD which contains the practical on-the job-training on maintenance of roads in case of defects, the cause of defects and the method of rectification.

In addition, the maintenance work was conducted by the Maintenance Department (MD) of KM under the guidance of NS.

3-1-5-13 Defect Liability Inspection (DLI)

Defect Liability Inspections comprising preliminary inspection, Defect Liability Inspection and Rectification Inspection were conducted before expiry of DNP of each road in attendance of KM. JICA experts remotely controlling the project receive reports on the inspection from NS and instruct how to remedy the defects. When the Defect Liability Inspection and the Rectification Inspection are completed, JICA experts and NS get together in Delhi to discuss the results of the inspections in details and confirm them. Then Japanese Experts prepare and sign Completion Certificate of the relevant roads. KM is notified of the completion of Contractor’s obligation of the relevant roads. Application for release of retention is made to JICA. Figure 3-1-28 shows work flow of DLI.

Since all of the works, which had different DNP as mentioned in section 3-1-5-12 above, have been divided into 16 groups of roads for the Taking-over, DLI should also have been conducted 16 times for respective groups. However in order to minimize the frequency of Delhi meeting, DLI for several groups, DNP of which rest within one month before and after the date of expiry of each DNP, was executed at the same time in agreement with both KM and contractor. As a result, 5 times of Delhi meeting could cover the whole groups of roads. Records of DLI and Defect Liability meetings in Delhi are shown in Table 3-1-24.

From Until

2013/4/6 A-1,A-2,C-9

2013/5/4 A-3,C-8

2nd 2013/7/17 2013/8/22B-1,B-2,B-3,B-4,B-5,B-6,C-1,C-10,C-11

2013/8/22 2013/8/22 2014/8/21

3rd 2013/8/28 2013/8/31 C-2,C-3,C-4,C-5,C-6,C-7 2013/8/31 2013/8/31 2014/8/30

4th 2013/10/28 2013/11/18 P2-10 2013/11/18 2013/11/18 2014/11/17


Defect Notification PeriodPartial Taking-

over




KM

1st 2012/12/12 2013/5/4 2013/5/4 2014/5/3


3-44

Figure 3-1-28 Work Flow of DLI

JICA Consultant Contractor Kabul Municipality

Prepare Report onDefect Liability

Inspection

Confirmation andsignature

ReportCC


Rectification Works

Report

CC Report onRectificationInspection

Confirmation andsignature

Delhi Meeting

CompletionCertificate

CC CompletionCertificate

CompletionCertificate

Notification ofCompletion of DNP

CCNotification of

Completion of DNP

CCNotification of

Completion of DNPNotification of

Completion of DNP

Lease ofRetention

Application forRelease ofRetention

Invoice for Releaseof Retention

Payment Receipt

Defect Liability Inspection(Approximately 1 month before expiry ofDNP）

Rectification Inspection


3-45

Table 3-1-24 Record of DLI

3-1-5-14 Safety Control

Occurrence of Accidents (1)

Two serious accidents occurred during the PP works. Table 3-1-25 shows details of the accidents and preventive measures taken.

Safety Patrol (2)

Weekly safety patrol was conducted jointly with consultant safety officer and Contractor’s Accident Prevention Officer or Project Manager. The results of weekly safety patrol are reported in the weekly progress meeting so the contractors improve the working conditions. In the safety patrol reports, the following items were most frequently pointed out: 1) PPE (Personal Protective Equipment）wearing, 2) Arrangement and tidiness of the site, 3) Safety precaution and allocation of flag man at working area of heavy equipment.

Safety targets throughout the construction period are as follows:

1- To wear PPE 2- Prevention of accident due to construction machinery ( Allocation of flagman and

watchman） 3- Prevention of a third person’s accidents

No Duration Place

1st D-1,F-3,F-4,G-2 2013/10/2 2013/9/22 2013/11/10 1st 2013/12/4-12/8 Delhi

2nd E-2,E-3,G-3,G-4 2014/5/3 2014/4/9 2014/4/27 2nd 2014/5/5-5/11 Delhi

3rd D-2,E-1,E-4,F-1,F-2,F-5,F-6,G-1 2014/8/3 2014/6/17 2014/6/28 3rd 2014/7/19-7/25 Delhi

4th P1-2,P1-3,P1-7,P1-7(2),P1-8 2014/9/20

5th P1-4,P1-5,P1-6 2014/10/20

6th P1-1 2014/10/22

7th Street Lighting 2014/11/25 2014/11/17 2014/11/29 5th 2015/12/15-12/21 Delhi

Phase-2A

1st P2-7,P2-8,P2-3 2014/9/17

2nd P2-5,P2-5J,P2-6,P2-9 2014/10/22

3rd P2-1 2014/10/26

4th Street Lighting 2014/12/24 2014/11/25 2014/12/6 5th 2015/12/15-12/21 Delhi

Phase-2B

A-1,A-2,C-9

A-3,C-8

2ndB-1,B-2,B-3,B-4,B-5,B-6,C-1,C-10,C-11

2014/8/21

3rd C-2,C-3,C-4,C-5,C-6,C-7 2014/8/30

4th P2-10 2014/11/17 2014/10/29 2014/11/4

5th Street Lighting 2014/12/23 2014/11/25 2014/11/25

Partial Taking-over

Relevant RoadsExpiry Date of Defect

Notification PeriodDate of Defect

Liability InspectionDate of Rectification

Inspection

Defect Liability Meeting

2014/9/7 2014/9/22 4th 2014/9/28-10/4 Delhi

2014/9/8 2014/9/23 4th 2014/9/28-10/4 Delhi

1st 2014/5/3 2014/4/9 2014/4/27 2nd

5th 2015/12/15-12/21 Delhi

Delhi

2014/6/18 2014/7/9 3rd 2014/7/19-7/25 Delhi

2014/5/5-5/11


3-46

Table 3-1-25 Accidents and Safety Measures

Safety Education conducted by JICA experts (3)

Safety education was conducted by JICA experts fort not only Contractors but also NS and KM officers. In addition to review and study on causes and preventive measures of the accidents, the safety education included the following items:

1- Daily Safety Cycle and introduction to site

2- Training of KY（Kiken Yochi in Japanese :Possible hazards prediction）and Safety Check List

3- 5S Activities

4- Principles of Heinrich

5- Human Error and the prevention measures

1 2

Date/ Time 2012/9/12 9:30 2013/5/1 8:30

Place Pfase-2A Main RoadP2-6 Pfase-2A Main Road P2-1

Main Contractor Galaxy Sky Construction Company Galaxy Sky Construction Company

Victim one worker Dead one worker Dead

Situation ofAccident

When excavating by excavator forconstruction of side ditch in theclose vicinity of existing streetlighting pole which is made of steelpipe with 12m high, the lighting polewas suddenly fell down and hitdirectly a worker's head.

When some workers were working inside ofexcavated ditch adjacent to the existing T-barriers which is made of concrete and hasdimensions of 4m high, 40cn thick and 2.7mlong per piece , T-barriers suddenly butgradually fell down towards the workers.The workers escaped along the excavatedditch. One worker tried to escaped byjumping up on the road, but he failed toescape before the T-barriers completelyfell down. T-barrier hit the worker.

Causes of Accident

It appeared that the pole under theground was spoiled and the foundationwas not sufficient in terms ofstability. In addition, according towitness the excavator hit the polebefore sudden fall-down.

Excavation close to the standing T-barriersweakened the foundation and stability of T-barriers resulting in fall down.

Preventive Measures

①Prior investigation of all existingfacilities in the vicinity ofexcavation② Allocation of watchman at workingarea of heavy equipment,③ Safety education to Contractors(investigate and review causes of theaccident, safety instructions toContractors)④ Safety meeting with all workers inattendance⑤ Strengthening Safety Control Systemof both Contractors and ConsultantSupervision Team: Safety Officer ofSuper vision team was newly appointedand conducted weekly safety patrol.

① Consultant Safety Officer shall check atweekly safety patrol if Contractors complywith the safety rules and obligations newlyinstructed by the Engineer (JICA Expert)and report to JICA experts.② Consultant Safety Officer shall beauthorized to order Contractor to stop theworks in case he found the works unsafe.③ Monthly Safety Meeting is held in Delhiwith JICA experts, consultant safetyofficer and Contractor in attendance. Inthe meeting, discussion was made on thesafety patrol reports for the last month.Evaluation and instruction to improve sitesafety were made by JICA experts.④ Confirmation of emergency contact


3-47

Figure 3-1-29 Photographs of Safety Educations

3-1-5-15 Pictures Before and After the Works

G-3 (Phase1) Existing G-3 Completion

P2- （）1 Phase2A Existing P2-1 Completion

Figure 3-1-30 Before and After Construction 1


3-48

P2- （6 Phase- ）2A Existing P2-6 Completion

P1-1(Phase-1) Existing P1-1 Completion

P1-1(Phase1) LED Street Lighting Completion P1-5(Phase-1) Completion



3-49

F-3(Phase1) Existing F-3 Completion

P2-7(phase-2A) Existing P2-7 Completion

P2-8(Phase2A) Existing P2-8(Phase2A) Completion



3-50

P2- （9 Phase- ）2A Existing P2-9 Completion

B-1(Phase-2B) Existing B-1 Completion

C-11(Phase2B) Existing C-11 Completion



3-51

Manufacture Galvanization Installation

Figure 3-1-34 Grating Cover for Side Ditch

Technical Transfer through PP 3-1-6

3-1-6-1 OJT for Kabul Municipality

PMU (1)

PMU（Project Management Unit）consisting of two (2) engineers assigned from Kabul Municipality and one qualified engineer assigned from the consultant was established at the beginning of the project, and the unit has continued its activities until the end of the project. The objectives of PMU are mainly as follows:

1- Discuss and get approval of Traffic arrangement and diversion during road reconstruction (Related Authority: Traffic Police).

2- Discuss about various kinds of Underground utilities such as Electric Cables, Water supply pipes, sewer water pipes and Telecom cables, which were found obstacles to the works with the relevant authorities.

3- Discuss about various kinds of facilities along the roads such as trees, electric poles and T-barriers, which were found obstacles to the works with the relevant authorities.

4- Explain in advance to the District Leaders and residents on the road reconstruction works. Listen and take action to claims on the works coming out of the residents.

5- Report Periodically on the progress of the Pilot project to Mayor.

Weekly PMU meeting was held with JICA expert, PMU members and in attendance of Contractors. As a part of CD, JICA expert controlled and gave them a guide about how to proceed with the consultation with the relevant authorities and other stakeholders and how to solve the issues.

The Pilot Project under which the existing roads in the center of Kabul City were improved was so-called an urban civil works. The roads were reconstructed they were full of traffic, and there are many shops and residential buildings and houses along the roads, and there are unknown underground utilities. The underground utilities issue was challenging, as information on the utilities is not necessarily available, even with the administrator. Moreover, the system to discuss and deal with the utilities in relation with construction works has not been established. In such circumstances, PUM has played a very important role in the course of the project. Monthly report on PMU activities was submitted to JICA expert.

The two officers from Municipality have learned a lot about how to proceed with and solve the issues with the relevant authorities through the PMU activities.

We appreciate their efforts and contributions to complete the challenging project.


3-52

OJT（On the Job Training） (2)

As a technical cooperation project, OJT for young engineers assigned from Kabul Municipality has been carried out in the pilot project. The program was initially scheduled from January 2013 to June 2013, but it was finally extended to September 2013 because of delay of the program due to suspension of Works and the absence of JICA experts. The trainees were trained in the consultant supervision office on daily basis from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM and returned to their office. Figure 3-1-35 shows the OJT program prepared initially. Consultant NS trained them as instructors according to the subjects in the program through activities actually executed in the project.

Figure 3-1-35 OJT Program

JICA experts checked and confirmed the progress of OJT by the Monthly reports submitted by the trainees. The trainees were given Completion Certificate of the OJT training signed by JICA and the Municipality. Although the OJT has been carried out without directly by JICA experts, the trainees (in their report) and NS confirmed that the OTJ was successfully completed.

Supervision CD : Practical Training (3)

Five (5) trainees assigned from Kabul Municipality were involved in Supervision CD. Practical trainings were conducted from May 2012 until October 2012. The trainings were held 26 times in total during the training period as OJT through the actual construction works for Community Road C-7 in Phase-2B. Table 3-1-26 shows curriculum of the training and attendance sheet of trainees. The curriculum covered all basic subjects needed for supervision of road construction.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Topographical Survey Attending Land Survey Mujtaba, Lutfullanh

Road Design checking How to make & check Drawing Mujtaba, Arif

Making ProgramHow to make Programme andstructur Design

Sidiqi, Masuda

Making S-Curve How to make S-Curve Sidiqi, Masuda

MonitoringComparison between Planed &actual programme

Sidiqi, Masuda

Catching up with Progress How to Catch up with Programme Sidiqi, Masuda

Material Inspection Attending material testing in Lab QC

Site inspectionAttending Site inspection to variousitems

Hamdulla, Mateen

Inspection on PartialTaking -Over

Attend Taking -Over Inspection Wahab

Outlines of FIDICReading & understanding Outlines ofFIDIC

Masuda

Measurement How to Measure quantities Mohsen

Interim PaymentCertificate

How to check & certify Contractor'sApplication for Interim Payment

Mohsen

Variation & ClaimHow to Verify Variation &Contractor's Claim

Masuda

Site Safety &Environmental Measures

How to take Safety & Environmentalmeasures

Sidiqi, Masuda

Traffic Arrangement &safety Measures to Public

How to take Safety Measures totraffic & Pedestrian

Sidiqi, Masuda

UtilitiesHow to coordinate authorities to takeclear of utilities

Salih

Getting Permission relatedAuthorities

How to obtain various permissionfrom related Authorities

Salih

Communication withinhabitants & DistrictLeader

How to Communicate District Leader& inhabitants during implementation

Salih

MaintenanceMaintenance after Taking-over

How to Maintenance Roads Taking-over

Mobashir

：Concentrated Item

：Common Item

PMU

Item Description Method Instructor2013

Design

ProgrammeControl

Quality Control

Contract control

safety &Environmental

control


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Table 3-1-26 Curriculum and Attendance Sheet of Supervision CD

The trainees were trained by NS who was in charge of the relevant subject. JICA expert, who was remotely supervising the training, interviewed the trainees on the progress, their level of understanding and requests through internet TV.

Supervision Manual has been finally prepared by JICA expert for the purpose of their review, use in practical works and the future development.

Obidullah Wafa Wahidullah Bayat Ehsanullah Abdul Fatah Salah Mujtaba

2013/5/26 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

2013/5/28 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

② Checking proposed material against specification and issuanceof approval

2013/6/2 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

③ Examination of proposed construction schedule and issuance ofapproval 2013/5/28 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

④ Attendance on inspections requested by the Contractor for

　a) Road center line survey (accompanying survey supervision team)2013/7/7 ✖ ○ ○ ✖ ○

　b) Excavation for drainage channel (to check specified depth) 2013/6/9 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

　c) Tests on site / Lab

　・Concrete test: slump, temperature, air content 2013/6/30 ✖ ○ ○ ✖ ○

・CBR test by dynamic penetration test on road bed/base 2013/7/16 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

・Compaction test on road base 2013/6/16 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

　　・Core cutting test for the road thickness 2013/6/11 ○ ○ ○ ✖ ✖

・Concrete compressive strength test 2013/7/23 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

・ Extrction test for asphalt mix 2013/8/18 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

　d) Dimensions of built drainage channel. 2013/5/26 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

　e) Reinforcement bars: type, spacing, cover 2013/6/30 ✖ ○ ○ ✖ ○

　f) Inspection before concreting: formwork, cleanliness 2013/6/30 ✖ ○ ○ ✖ ○

　g) Supervision during concreting 2013/6/30 ✖ ○ ○ ✖ ○

　h) Supervision during asphalts work 2013/6/4 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

⑤ Coordination with relevant authorities particularly UtilityAdministrators 2013/7/21 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

⑥ Coordination with the occupants in vicinity: advanced notice,cope with claims.

2013/7/21 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

2013/7/28 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

2013/8/4 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

2013/8/6 ○ ○ ○ ○ ✖

⑧ Variation (if necessary) 2013/8/13 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

⑨ Examination of as-built drawings and issuance of approval 2013/10/28 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

⑩ Preparation of partial completion certificate 2013/10/28 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

⑪ Final inspection at the end of Defect Notification Period （1year later） 2013/10/23 ○ ○ ✖ ○ ○

Attendance Ratio(%) 81 100 96 77 65

⑦ Interim Payment Certification including confirmation ofproduction and quantities

Program Item DateParticipant from Kabul Municipality

① Examination and approval of proposed construction drawingsincluding calculation of quantities and drawing up BQ


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Capacity Development I (CD I) 3-2

CD I Planning 3-2-1

Capacity and Needs Assessment (1)

Prior to formulation of the capacity development plan, capacity and needs assessment of KM on implementation of road construction projects was carried out from the end of October to the beginning of November in 2011. In addition, workshops to analyse capacity gap and prioritize items for capacity development component were held in March 2012.

1) Departments related to Road Construction Projects of KM

As shown in Figure 3-2-1 “the Organization Structure Chart and departments related to road construction of KM (2011 – 2012)”, the departments related to road construction of KM are as follows:

Procurement: PCD Survey and Design: CPID Supervision: CCD Maintenance: MD

Therefore these four departments were targeted by CD I.


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Figure 3-2-1 Organization Structure Chart and departments related to road construction Kabul Municipality (2011 – 2012)

2) Duties and subjects to be solved in Departments

The duties and subjects to be solved for the four departments is shown below.

PCD prioritizes the road sections to be constructed. The department manages procurement process, and carries out final checks of technical documents and progress reports for the construction works. Kabul Municipality dese not have experience in PQ for road construction projects as well as procurement by design-build method and comprehensive evaluation method. The state government provides procurement rules, sample forms of tender documents and short training courses. However, the department is not satisfied with the training courses due to limited opportunities and deems it necessary to obtain knowledge of procurement methods followed by donors as well as Afghan rules of procurement. Therefore the subjects to be solved can be described as follows:

Kabul Mayor

Deputy Mayor of Kabul Superior the Rank

Deputy Mayor Technical and Construction

Deputy Mayor City Services

Construction Control

Department 1st Rank-1person

Staff 39, Workers7

Revenue Department

1st Rank-1personStaff 54, Workers14

Administration Department


Department of Land and Property1st Rank-1person

Staff 29, Workers11 Department of 22 Districts of KMStaff 512, Workers403

Department of Tenure and

Maintenance of Makruyans

Land AcquisitionDepartment


Maintenance Department

1st Rank-1person Staff 209, Workers787

City Planning and Implementation

Department 1st Rank-1person Staff 130, Workers34

Cultural ServiceDepartment


Markets Regulation

Department 2nd Rank-1person

Staff 53, Workers43

Sanitation Department


Policy Coordination Department

1st Rank-1person Staff 31, Workers16

Publication Department

2nd Rank-1person Staff 28, Workers13

General Directorate of

Control 3rd Rank-1person

Staff 10

Human ResourceDepartment

2nd Rank-1personStaff 18, Contract based3

Legal Consultant1st Rank-1person

Staff 5

Internal Audit Department


Chief of Staff 1st Rank – 1person Staff 31, Workers 23

Green Areas Department


Environmental Conservation Department


No experience of pre-qualification and procurement by design-build method and comprehensive evaluation method

Little opportunity of training for procurement methods


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CPID conducts surveys, design, and cost estimate. The department also monitors the conditions of roads after starting in service based on technical documents. Existing roads are designed based on the Russian codes and there are no Afghan codes or standards for road designs. The standard recently applied to road design in KM is AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials: hereinafter referred to as “AASHTO”). They draw plans of road construction in handwriting. However, standard/code followed by the engineers is not unified in the department. It depends on knowledge and experience of each engineer. Staff of Road Section deems it necessary to obtain technical skill of design by using computer software such as AutoCAD. They have 10 PCs and AutoCAD is installed on the PCs. However, they have little knowledge of how to use AutoCAD for their works. Knowledge and skill of practical road design, such as consideration of site conditions, present and future traffic volume, and footpath, also need to be improved.

Therefore the subjects to be solved can be described as follows:

CCD monitors the work progress and checks the quality of the construction works. Junior-level officers with less than four-year work experience are engaged in supervision of construction works. They have little understanding of project management. The department does not have a laboratory for CBR and material testing and contracts out the testing to private companies. The department also does not have written documents on standards of quality control and implementation procedures of civil works supervision. They deem it necessary to have information of quality control. The department also pointed necessity of technical training on CBR test and test equipment for improving capacity of quality control, and technical skill of design by using computer software such as AutoCAD.


MD is responsible for construction works directly conducted by the municipality. Although the department has a laboratory building, no test equipment is installed in the laboratory. The department deems it necessary to obtain technical skill of design (by using computer software such as AutoCAD), skill of administration works (such as English writing skill, and test equipment. Road Construction Section of the department has no PCs.


In addition, Human Resources Department (HRD) is working with Kabul City Initiative (hereinafter referred to as “KCI”), which is supported by USAID (United States Agency for International Development: hereinafter referred to as “USAID”), to provide training courses for the municipality staff. Before KCI started the formulation of a master training plan, Kabul Municipality did not have the written job description, and task of each staff member was not clear.

Not unified use of standard/code for design Little knowledge of how to use design software such as AutoCAD Little knowledge and skill of practical road design Little experience of contract-based road construction projects

Little work experience Little understanding of project management Lack of written documents on standards of quality control and implementation

procedures of supervision works Lack of knowledge and equipment of testing Little knowledge of how to use design software such as AutoCAD

Little knowledge of how to use design software such as AutoCAD Lack of knowledge and test equipment


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The master training plan prepared by KCI states the job description for all staff members. According to some staff members related to road construction projects, directors explain the job description to each staff member and the staff members understand their tasks. However, they have little understanding on practical management of contract-based road construction projects.


Those departments do not have manuals/guidebooks/handbooks on surveys, road design, cost estimate, procurement, and supervision of construction works to streamline the implementation procedures of road construction projects. They deem it necessary to have useful materials such as handbook in order to improve capacity of project implementation.


The following is an overview of the issues within each of the four departments involved in the road construction section.

Table 3-2-1 Departments Related to Road Project and their Issues

Dept. Responsiblefor

Issues Main Points That Require Improvement

PCD Procurement ➢Have no experience in procurement in PQ, the design-build method and overall evaluation method.

➢Have no opportunities to learn about procurement methods.

➢Have no knowledge of procurement methods used by overseas donors.

➢Learn the basic knowledge for new forms of procurement.

➢Understand connections between procurement and design and execution control (in particular, relation to technical specifications)

CPID Surveys, Design, Estimation

➢ Existing roads are designed with Russian standards.

➢There are no Afghan road design standards for the design of roads (however, in recent years AASHTO has been used)

➢ Design standards are not unified. ➢ No enough understanding of how to

use design software. ➢ Insufficient practical

technology, knowledge and applied skills.

➢Unify design standards within the department (make a manual).

➢Increase fundamental applied skills.

CCD Supervision, Quality Control

➢ Employees have little knowledge or experience.

➢ No facilities for CBR, quality inspection.

➢ Very little printed material for quality control standards and execution control procedure.

➢ Insufficient specialists surveyors and designers.

➢Make a manual for quality management, execution

control (create national standards).

➢ Learn practical technology and knowledge for execution control.

➢Improvement of skills and supervision abilities for

Little understanding on practical management of contract-based road construction

No manuals/guidebooks/handbooks on surveys, road design, cost estimate, procurement, and supervision of construction works to streamline the implementation procedures of road construction projects.


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outsourcing. MD Maintenance ➢ Have no test materials.

➢ Insufficient understanding of design software.

➢ English document management is poor.

➢ Placement of test materials. ➢Establish management of

documents.

All (Common to All 4 Departments)

➢There is no manual or handbook related to surveys, road design, estimation, procurement, or execution control of construction work.

➢ Road construction is not being efficiently carried out.

➢ Insufficient basic specialist, technology and experience in each department.

➢ Prepare a manual. ➢ Learning knowledge on road

construction safety. ➢ Systematic business management.

➢Employees acquire basic specialist knowledge,

technology and experience.

3) Problem Analysis

Core problem of Kabul Municipality on implementation of road construction projects is weak project management. Direct causes of the core problem are “unsystematic project implementation procedures” and “inefficiency at managerial level”. Causes of unsystematic project implementation procedures are lack of understanding of the implementation procedures and outdated ways of implementation such as drawings by hand. Factors that cause the lack of practical experience on project implementation are lack of knowledge of practical design, insufficient opportunities of training for engineers, lack of knowledge of how to use test equipment, lack of test equipment, lack of knowledge of monitoring and evaluation, and lack of knowledge of technical English. The lack of materials showing project implementation procedures causes lack of knowledge sharing among staff and departments. They keep outdated way of implementation due to lack of computer skills.

4) Objective analysis

According to the result, to improve the current situation, three approaches are found:

1- Implementation procedures approach 2- Computer skill approach 3- Governance approach

In general, there are four stages for road construction projects: planning & design, procurement, supervision of construction works and maintenance. KM has a department that is engaged in direct operation of road construction works, namely, MD. This means that the municipality can complete all the steps of road construction under its direct control. However, considering the efficient implementation of road construction projects, outsourcing to private companies is an alternative option. Outsourcing the works will increase. When the municipality controls the road construction works conducted by private companies, municipality staff should have information of how to control the implementation of contract-based project as road administrator, in order to evaluate the performance of private companies.

The PP implemented in this Sub-Project by JICA contributes to accumulation of experience in practical management of road improvement project by outsourcing method. The Sub-Project utilizes the existing road construction plan, namely, KURIP funded by WB, and the implementation process followed by the Sub-project is design & cost estimate, procurement, and supervision of construction works. Therefore, KM can accumulate experience in three stages of implementation procedures: design & cost estimate, procurement, and supervision of construction works. Therefore the capacity to be improved in the Sub-Project can be defined as competency of project management including design of roads and structures, management in procurement process, and supervision of civil works as road administrator.


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According to the results of problem and objective analysis in the workshops, three improvement approaches were found. Among the three approaches, Implementation procedures approach and Governance approach focus on establishing a cycle of institutional and systematic management. On the other hand, as computer skill approach aims to change the style of works from handwriting to digital work, it’s not sufficient for the needs aiming to establish the systematic and unified implementation process (cycle) of road construction project. Therefore both implementation procedures approach and governance approach are applied for CD plan.

5) Setting of Issues

The above analysis and evaluation reveals that due to a lack of systemization in the flow of design management, procurement and construction supervision within the road section in Kabul, the work is fragmented and fails to achieve unified results. Moreover lack of education opportunities at the employee level is creating insufficiency in fundamental specialist knowledge and experience.

The above issue may be divided into two:

1- Lack of systematic implementation system, and lack of knowledge sharing between departments.

2- Lack practical experience and knowledge of road administrative officials.

CD I Program (2)

Based on the result of ability and needs assessment and ability gap survey mentioned above, CD I program was planned.

1) Implementation Method

Taking into account the nature of the above issues, the requirement to systemize and unify the implementation process and the need for employees to acquire knowledge and experience, the method for implementation for CD is more likely to be suited to group learning, such as workshops, practice, role play etc. Therefore, WG comprised of management from the four departments and SG comprised of young employees will be formed. The WG will fulfill the role of sharing of knowledge between departments in order to establish a systematic system of implementation, and the SG will work on acquiring practical experience and knowledge as road administrative officials, and then report those results to the WG in order to achieve horizontal development between departments. It is also important to improve communication between departments, in other to improve relations within the organization, and exchange of personal is also very important. Therefore the duties of the SG are to report to the WG the knowledge and experience that have been acquired in group learning, and to strengthen understanding of the work and individual connections between each SG that actually carry the work out. The principle duties of the WG will be to receive the reports from the SG and work toward horizontal development of the departments. The four departments - PCD, CPID, CCD and MD – were targeted at all departments that are involved in road administration. Also, in principle all SG members will participate in the CD course.

2) Selection of members

4 members for WG and 16 members for SG from four departments were officially selected based on the negotiation with Kabul Municipality. The name list is shown as follows:

Table 3-2-2 Targeted Members List Sort Department No Name Position WG CPID（Design） 1 Mr. Zekria Section Manager

PCD（Procurement） 2 Mr. Yasin Deputy Director

CCD（Supervision） 3 Mr. Vahed Deputy Director

MD（maintenance） 4 Mr. Mozafar Pamir Deputy Director SG CPID 1 Eng. Fahad

2 Eng. Shoaib


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3 Eng. Shekiba 4 Eng. Abdul Ahmad 5 Eng. Adellah

PCD 6 Eng. Azizullah 7 Eng. Abdul Fatah 8 Eng. Ali Sina 9 Mahmood

CCD） 10 Eng. Mojtaba 11 Eng. Shafig 12 Eng. Ajnal

MD 13 Eng. Obai 14 Eng. Ehsan 15 Eng. Vaheed 16 Eng. Zekria

3) Targets

This CD plan takes the next three points as its targets.

1- Promote the sharing of knowledge between employees and departments. 2- Enhance the fundamental specialist knowledge required as road administrators of the city. 3- Feed the knowledge and experience gained back into the organization with the intent of

unification of a project management.

This CD Program is one component of the Sub-Project, linked with currently Phase 1 & 2 of the PP, and is intended to realize a transfer of technology used in city road construction, from design, procurement through to supervision.

4) Setting of Goals

The following goals have been set in order to achieve the above three targets.

1- To understand the related flow and cycle of design, procurement and supervision in relation to road construction.

2- In order to promote cooperation between all departments involved in roads construction, aim for sharing of fundamental specialist knowledge between all members of the four departments in regard to design, procurement, supervision and maintenance.

3- Have staff experience for themselves the tests performed on-site, duties checking the site compared to schematics etc.

4- Aiming for increased specialization of each department, and to aid in horizontal development within the department, new materials as shown below will be created centered around the SG members. In regard to the creation of these materials examples for references from specialists will be used, with advice given by JICA expert on how to

Collection of Standard Schematics for Road Structures In regard to one part of road construction, compile a standard drawing example book on standard materials and parts using the examples used in the Pilot Project.

Collection of Supervision Management Cases Create a handbook detailing supervision procedure s and quality control points used by a construction supervisor in regard to earthworks, paving works and structural works. It will use photos to explain the stages of checking and quality control according to a supervision manual, moreover it is considered to be understandable for not only supervisors but also others related to road construction project. Ultimately it needs to be completed by the staff themselves with the inclusion of standards and guidelines that they have determined themselves. It will be one of the books issued by Kabul City in the future.

Terminology As terminology related to road constriction is primarily in English, a glossary showing the English and the Dari for each term is created.


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5) Formation for Implementation

From the four related departments, WG comprising management staff and SG comprised young staff are formed. The breakdown of this system is show in Figure 3-2 -2.

(Technical Deputy Mayor)

[Departments]

[WG]

[SG]

Figure 3-2-2 Chart of Implementation System

6) Evaluation Method and Standard

Evaluation is conducted over two stages as follows.

Table 3-2-3 shows the evaluation point, period and method.

Table 3-2-3 Concrete Evaluation Procedure for Each Item Evaluation

Item Evaluation Point Period Method

1. Satisfaction with training

Survey of degree of satisfaction of trainees (Contents, methods, schedule, training resources, training environment, etc.)

At the end of each lecture Questionnaire Discussion Interview, etc.

2. Degree of learning achievement

Survey of the degree of learning and degree of understanding of trainees(Expertise, technology, approach and attitude to the project)

At the end of each lecture Written test Questionnaire Discussion Interview, etc.

3. Degree of behavioral change

Survey regarding improvement in the behavior, approach and attitude and capacity improvement of trainees

Following the horizontal development program

Self-evaluation (report and interview) Superiors and colleagues (report and interview)

4. Degree of output achievement

Survey of the degree of horizontal development by trainees. This is aimed at assessing how far they contribute to their organizations.

Following the horizontal development program

Submission of reports evaluating how far work groups contribute to organizations and how the contents of lectures are extended

Mayor

Deputy M.

Deputy Director

PCD

DeputyDirector

CPID

DeputyDirector

CCD

Deputy Director

MD

1

2 3 4

1

3

2

4 ５

1

2 3

1

2 3 4


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Table 3-2-4 shows the evaluation criteria. Table 3-2-4 Evaluation Criteria

Evaluation Item Contents Evaluation CriteriaCourse and test Evaluate the results of tests 70% Report Number and contents of submitted reports 70% Self-evaluation Evaluate in terms of change in self-evaluation (comparison between

before and after) 5 stage

Performance in drills Evaluate positivity and teaching initiative in drills. 5 stage Attendance rate Evaluation of the number of days attended as a percentage 70%

7) Composition of CD program

The entire courses were divided into and implemented in the following six segments, shown by the outline below. The ( ) shows the number of times each segment was performed.

1- Orientation (1) 2- Procurement Course (1) 3- Design Course (2) 4- Supervision/Maintenance Course (3) 5- Conclusion (1) 6- Horizontal Development and Monitoring (2)

These can be represented in a chart as follows.

Figure 3-2-3 Composition of CD Program

CD I Activities 3-2-2

Process of the activities (1)

Based upon the Technical Minutes (hereinafter referred to as “M/M”) signed on March 14, 2014, CDI was carried out on survey & design, supervision and procurement for 6 months from July to December 2012

CD I activities containing capacity and needs assessment, ability gap survey and CD planning was

Procurement Course

Design Course 1

SupervisionCourse 1

Conclusion

Design Course 2

SupervisionCourse 2

SupervisionCourse 3

Orientation

Su

b G

rou

p

Wo

rking

Grou

p

Report Report Report Report Report

Comment / Report

Report

& Presentation

Monitoring


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implemented from October 2011 to February 2014 as follows:

October 2011: Conduct Capacity and Needs Assessments M a r c h 2 0 1 2 : Workshop for ability gap analysis and survey of priority items of CD M a r c h 2 0 1 2 : Conclusion of “Technical Minutes for CD component” J u l y 2 0 1 2 : Preparation of CD I plan J u l y 2 0 1 2 : CD I training: General Orientation J u l y 2 0 1 2 : CD I training: Design (1) September 2012: CD I training: Design (2) September 2012: CD I training: Supervision (1) November 2012: CD I training: Supervision (2) December 2012: CD I training: Procurement January 2013: Workshop for Horizontal Development Action Plan January 2013 – February 2014: Horizontal Development and Monitoring

Orientation‐General Orientation‐ (2)

A) Expert in charge, period, target group, venue

Expert Dispatch Period Lecture Period Target Group Training Venue Yoshio Yabe July 18-27, 2012

(10 days) 5 days WG SG KM cafeteria

B) Contents of Orientation

Overall contents of the PP and CD program were explained to the WG/SG members, and two days were spent on explaining about the roles to be played by each group and the horizontal development. Lectures were conducted in the KM cafeteria with the help of English-Dari translation.

For WG members, in consideration of the role of the WG, the following points were stressed:

1- Problems faced by each department 2- Roles and responsibilities of the WG and SG 3- Status of horizontal development

For SG members, concerning the contents of the CD program, orientation was carried out over 3 days using prepared Power Point files (3 types).

1- Explanation of the overall CD composition, role of the SG members, and setup and objectives, etc. of the project

2- Explanation of the mechanism of JICA-ODA (Overseas Development Aid) and status of the project through explaining the current pilot project (Phase 1 & 2)

3- Explanation of case studies of Japanese infrastructure and its differences from Afghanistan’s infrastructure in Afghanistan. In doing so, understanding of the importance of the seminar and dedication to it were promoted.

Materials (Power Point) distributed to WG and SG members are listed below.

“GENERAL ORIENTATION FOR CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN” (English) “OUTLINE OF PILOT PROJECT” (English) “INFRASTRUCTURE IN JAPAN” (English)

C) Attendance

The overall attendance rate among SG members was 83%, and all members attended for two or more days on average during the training period (three days). The member, who was unable to attend, received explanations from the national staff at a later date.

D) Evaluation of satisfaction with the training

Following completion of the orientation, evaluation of satisfaction with training (reaction evaluation) was implemented. The evaluation targeted 13 members.


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The contents of the satisfaction evaluation and results were as follows:

1- Advance preparation of trainees: Almost no members had prior information or preparation.

2- Learning contents: The contents and scope of the orientation were appropriate.

3- Lecturer instructions: The objective, attitude, awareness of case studies, explanations, speed, responses to questions and time management, etc. were satisfactory.

4- Training materials: Most trainees indicated that the contents of distributed materials were inadequate. This is because the textbook was written in English and was difficult to understand for the trainees.

5- Mutual learning: The participants could mutually exchange information.

6- Training venue: It was appropriate.

7- Training period: Both the number of days and time were appropriate.

In view of the above results, the contents of the seminar considering the learning method, number of days and time, etc. were appropriate and helped strengthen the basic expertise, initiative and autonomy of the trainees.

E) General comments

To avoid making the lecture just one-way explanations and to secure the participation of the trainees, effort was made to encourage trainees to voice their opinions and ask questions through inserting Japanese case studies and by varying the contents. Some trainees indicated that the English textbook was difficult to understand and inconvenient, - however, when it was explained to them that drawings and specifications by AASHTO, ASTM, international agencies and overseas donors are frequently written in English and it is necessary to get used to English terms and sentences, they understood. Lectures were conducted over three days. - However, as may be understood from the attendance rate, the trainees had a lot of expectations for the CD training. It can be expected that the trainees will sustain their motivation and attendance in the design, procurement and execution supervision sessions to be conducted over six months after the orientation. A concern is that since the trainees have normal work commitments, seminars conducted over an extended period may disrupt such work or result in reduced attendance rates. Concerning this point, it was confirmed that seminar start times and hours (per day) would be revised and that the wishes of the SG/WG would be constantly checked.

Design (3)


Expert Dispatch Period Lecture Period Target Group

Training Venue

Michiya Nagura

1 July 18- Aug. 10, 2012(16 days)

10 days

SG GKD office meeting room 2 Sept. 1-26, 2012

(25 days) 10 days

B) Contents of Design Seminar

The design training was implemented in two times in Kabul. The training contents were as follows:

Orientation (objectives, contents and schedule, etc. of the design training) Survey planning (issues in the Phase 1 & 2 routes, field reconnaissance, practical drills

in graphical solutions using the ASSHTO concepts, traffic volume and CBR as parameters, causes and conditions of pavement damage and importance of maintenance, experience of traffic volume survey, estimated traffic volume based on the current traffic volume, CBR implementation method, comparison of work sites and drawings before


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and after execution, etc.) Drawings preparation (meaning and structure of road structure members such as

curbstones, drainage ditches and paving, etc. that should be indicated in drawings, observation of production of road structure member in Phase 1 and 2 work sites, quantity calculation of side ditches, cost estimation, relation with technical specifications, etc.)

Materials (Power Point) distributed to WG and SG members are listed below. “Design” (English)

C) Attendance

The overall attendance rate was 70%. Two members attended all the sessions, while 11 members attended 80% or more of the training. In PCD, two members refused to participate in seminars and remained absent until the end, in spite of repeated explanations about the project and its significance and discussions. The problem was that the trainees had little motivation or interest in seminars of the fields that they were not directly concerned with. Accordingly, explanations were provided about the importance of the basic knowledge and how it is related with work in the trainees’ departments; however, their understanding could not be secured.

In the first part of the seminar, since the trainees were required to prepare reports as homework and this impacted their regular work, the overall submission rate was low at 36% (including the absent members), and only four members had a submission rate of 70% or higher. Accordingly, in the latter part of the seminar, time to habitually write reports was given at the end of classes and the overall submission rate was consequently raised to 60% with nine members achieving 70% or higher. In subsequent seminars, this submission rate was sustained. Accordingly, it is judged that vertical communications within each department were enhanced.

D) Evaluation of Satisfaction with the training

The results of satisfaction evaluation for the design training showed a high degree of satisfaction for the contents of lectures, lecturer’s training contents, training materials and mutual learning. Moreover, although some of the trainees expressed a desire for translating the training materials (Power Point) from English to Dari, they consented to using a glossary of terms (English → Dari) and improving their English ability.

E) Evaluation of the degree of learning achievement

The result of the evaluation of the degree of learning achievement conducted to understand the capacity development effect among trainees showed the existence of some disparity in basic technical capacity before the start of the seminar. However, the mean score at the intermediate stage was 88 points and that at the end of the seminar was 91 points, indicating that the disparity was largely resolved. Therefore, the results showed that the basic capacity of the trainees was improved and there was a capacity development effect.

F) General comments

In consideration of the above points, the following observations can be made. Through the seminar the members realized that there is a lack of collaboration between departments, and the need for greater cooperation was confirmed in the reports and interviews. Through preparation of road structure standard drawings (to become the base for KM compendium of road structure standard drawings) and the glossary of road terms (English-Dari), it is believed that the trainees acquired basic technical capacity.

In the future it will be necessary for KM, with the CPID and MD to take the initiative, to acquire specialist design knowledge, improve CAD drawing capacity, update and expand the road design standard drawings that are essential for design work, and compile road design guidelines that comprise the design criteria and methods in way what is easy to understand.


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Supervision (4)


Expert Dispatch Period Lecture Period Targets Training Venue

Yoichi Hamatsu

1 Sep. 18-Oct. 3, 2012 (16 days)

8 days

SG GKD（Great Kabul

Development) office meeting room

2 Oct. 4-18, 2012 (15 days)

9 days

3 Nov. 13-Dec. 2, 2012 (20 days)

10 days

B) Contents of Design Seminar

The supervision training was implemented in three times in Kabul as follows.

The first session Orientation Information sharing on supervision Completion inspection Flow of execution supervision Progress control method

The second session Quality control method Test method Process control Photograph control and site attendance Performance control plan

The third session Orientation Commentary on performance control Preparation of the performance control checklist Preparation of the quality control checklist Photograph control plan Safety control plan Maintenance items Method for surveying conditions Summing-up, self-evaluation, capacity test, satisfaction with training survey

Materials (Power Point) distributed to WG and SG members are listed below. “Supervision and maintenance” (English)

C) Attendance

Four of the SG members missed all the lectures, citing lack of interest and busy schedules due to routine duties. Repeated appeals were made to the WG and deputy mayor; however, no improvements were seen. Meanwhile, the other members displayed high attendance rates of 74-100%.


In the evaluation of satisfaction with the procurement training, the trainees indicated that they understood the significance of execution supervision criteria, the importance of quality control standards, the test methods required on work sites and the contents and flow of work via site observations.

E) Evaluating of the degree of learning achievement

Tests were conducted before and after the training in order to evaluate the degree of learning achievement. Since the trainees previously had no experience of execution supervision, the


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results of training were directly translated into higher understanding in the final test, thereby indicating a high effect of the training. A self-evaluation survey was conducted before and after the training. According to this, whereas almost all the members except for some CCD/MD had hardly any concrete knowledge or experience of execution supervision before the training, by the end of the training almost all the members had acquired basic knowledge from the flow of execution supervision to the inspections in phases.

In each stage of the training, the understanding of trainees was gauged through conducting a) self-evaluation (before and after), b) daily reports concerning the lectures, and c) completion tests. Major improvements in knowledge and motivation were observed every time a workshop was held and, thanks to the exchange of knowledge between specialist department and other department members, signs of improvement were observed regarding the pre-existing issue of poor horizontal links.

F) General comments

Judging from the positive desire to voice opinions and ask questions during the lectures and the contents of reports and notes (random checking of notes was periodically conducted), the interest of the members in execution supervision has been increased. Even though the contents were limited to basic know-how, the members were keen to present examples of how knowledge and methods have been applied in related departments. In this sense, their desire to practice their newfound knowledge was greater than their capacity improvement.

Procurement (5)


Expert Dispatch Period Lecture Period Target Group

Training Venue

Ryo Watanabe

Nov. 26-Dec. 25, 2012 (30 days)

15 days SG GKD office meeting room

B) Contents of Seminar

For the SG members, the lectures listed below were conducted using Power Point and handouts. The trainees actively voiced their opinions and answered questions during the lectures. The procurement training was implemented one time in Kabul. The training contents were as follows:

1- Outline of procurement (procurement method, guidelines, standard tender documents, etc.)

2- Procurement methods (objectives and applicable scope, application of standard tender documents, procurement planning, qualification review, types of procurement methods, tender methods, warranty, contract, transparency and accountability, roles of procurement agencies, problems regarding procurement methods, design and execution supervision in KM, etc.)

3- Standard tender documents (composition, applicable scope of tender, receiving and answering questions, contents of bid documents and caution points in preparation, tender procedure, qualification review and technical evaluation standards and evaluation methods, contract, problems concerning the tender documents and tenders adopted by KM, etc.)

4- Standard work contract conditions issued by PPU (composition of contract documents, composition of contract written conditions, definitions and interpretation, document control, client’s duties, engineer’s duties, contractor’s duties, labor, equipment and works quality control, process control, completion, fault liability, performance assessment, revisions, contract price and payment, public notice suspension and cancellation, risk and responsibility, insurance, force majeure, complaints, disputes and mediation, etc.)

5- Referring to the GCC (General Conditions of Contract: hereinafter referred to as”


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GCC”), part 3, section IX, Sub-clause 10.2) in the Phase 2-Lot B works contract for the pilot project, OJT was conducted on partial completion inspection on the works site from the employer’s perspective.

Materials (Power Point) distributed to WG and SG members are listed below.

Afghanistan Procurement Law PPU’s Guide for Public Procurement The standard Contract Bidding Documents issued by PPU in English

C) Attendance

Out of the total 16 SG members, the attendance rate of 13 (excluding three members who were granted permission not to attend) was 73 %. These three members could not attend the entire training period due to promotion, transfer to another department and training in Japan. Moreover, of the remaining 13 members, three only attended between 8-23% of the lectures due to their busy regular work schedules and other reasons such as sickness of self or family members. A member who could not attend this course due to training in Japan was given assignments (sending the lecture contents by email) and steps were taken to make up for attendance (70% attendance rate). Similarly, as for another member who couldn’t attend the lectures due to family issues, he received explanation of the contents of lectures via National Staff following completion of the course, and he also had to submit assignments (reports).


Concerning the evaluation of satisfaction with the procurement training, the members indicated that the contents were comprehensive and in accordance with the project life cycle and that they were able to gain systematic understanding.

E) Evaluating of the degree of learning achievement

A self-evaluation survey was conducted before and after the training in order to assess the degree of learning achievement (capacity development effect). According to this, except for a few PCID staff, there was barely any specific knowledge or experience concerning procurement before the training; however, almost all the members had acquired concrete knowledge by the end of the training, and it is thought that the members (administrative officers) could at least overcome their inferiority complex regarding procurement.

F) General comments

The trainees were required to submit (a) self-evaluations (before and after), (b) daily reports on the classes and (c) final reports in the respective stages of the training. In this way, the degree of understanding of members was assessed. Even though there was awareness of the need for knowledge about procurement in the relevant KM departments, there had previously been no training opportunities. In this respect, it was highly significant that a seminar on procurement was conducted in this CD.

Intermediate Achievement Situation (6)

The situation regarding the intermediate achievement of CD training, which is the first stage of this CD program, is as described below.

A) Members with Satisfactory General Evaluation and Certificate Award

Out of 16 SG members selected from the four related departments, general evaluation was conducted on the attendance rate, degree of achievement and report submission rate in the orientation and courses on design, procurement and execution supervision. As a result, it was found that 11 of the members obtained a general evaluation score of 70% or higher as indicated in Table 3-2-5.


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Table 3-2-5 Members with Satisfactory General Evaluation Scores by Department

No Department Members 1 MD 3 2 PCD 2 3 CD 2 4 CPID 4 Total 11

Three of the 11 members scored 90% or higher, six scored between 80-90%, and two scored 70-80%. The two trainees who had low scores (between 70-80% had a low attendance rate of 50-60%. After interviewing them, it was found that there were special circumstances such as having sick family members and so on. Since the objectives of this seminar were to improve technical capacity and continuously improve the ability to respond to conditions via horizontal development, these members were required to submit reports on the lectures they missed, and they received a general evaluation score of 70% or higher following review of their reports. As for the remaining six members, two had an attendance rate of 10% or less, three had 30% or less, and one had 50%or less.

Completion certificates were awarded to the 11 SG members who reached the target evaluation score of 70% or higher as mentioned above. These 11 members became key persons when it came to implementing horizontal development in the second step.

B) Materials

Various methods including lectures using Power Point, drills based on questions and answers, workshops entailing the raising and discussion of issues, on-site lectures and drills at Phase 1 and 2 construction sites, were adopted in the training. In all of the trainings, the trainees actively participated. The textbooks and reference materials used in the training were distributed to the trainees, and it is hoped that these will be effectively as reference and utilized in the respective work of the trainees from now on. Also, it was anticipated that they are utilized as basic materials when implementing horizontal development in Step 2.

C) Outputs

Via the training, the SG members took the initiative in preparing “a compendium of road structure standard drawings”, “a compendium of execution supervision cases” and “a glossary of terms”. These materials will be utilized in the actual work of KM from now on while enhancing and expanding the contents even more.

D) General Evaluation Analysis

The trainees that received high general evaluation scores displayed high attendance rates, got high scores on the capacity tests and self-evaluations, and acquired higher basic expertise in design, procurement and execution supervision. This reflects the fact that they were interested in the training and were highly motivated to improve their knowledge of road construction as road administration officers. Meanwhile, the trainees who had an attendance rate of less than 50% scored lower than 50% on the capacity tests, indicating that they were unable to improve their level of expertise. These members also failed to obtain high scores in the general evaluation. This seems to indicate the difficulty of participating in training while fulfilling regular work commitments, and this issue could be addressed in the future.

Horizontal Development (7)

A) Action Plan

Based upon the technical minutes signed on February 3, 2013, the horizontal development as a second step of CD I was conducted for one year, from February 2013 to January 2014, by the eleven (11) trainees who were awarded the completion certificates. The horizontal development aimed to share the knowledge obtained in the CD I training with other staff of the related department of KM. Through the workshop done in February 2013, the action plan for the


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horizontal development was discussed and the following seven manifestos were set up.

1- Approval for staging official seminars will be obtained from the KM authorities in order to conduct horizontal development.

2- Evaluation will be conducted on the targets of horizontal development. 3- A system will be constructed in order to conduct horizontal development. 4- A schedule will be prepared for the contents planned in order to continuously conduct

horizontal development. 5- Venues and equipment and materials will be secured in order to conduct horizontal

development. 6- The action plan will be evaluated and its sustainability and effectiveness will be

modified every month. 7- Award of completion certificates will be planned in order to maintain the motivation of

the targets of horizontal development.

The 11 trainees awarded the completion certificate conducted the horizontal development activities. They provided seminars to the staff of the related departments. The Japanese experts monitored their horizontal development activities.

B) Monitoring Method

The horizontal development monitoring is aimed at confirming the appropriate implementation of the horizontal development seminars. Analysis was conducted to assess the following five points.

1- Confirmation of the seminar schedule, personnel selection method, capacity assessment, seminar topics, etc. presented by each department

2- Confirmation of the state of preparation of the planned seminar venues, times, equipment, materials, etc.

3- Status of utilization of the PP works sites and quality testing sites, etc. 4- Confirmation of the proper implementation of the horizontal development seminars

being implemented by KM 5- Situation regarding revision of action plans (when problems occur)

C) Analysis of Horizontal Development Seminars

Validity (are the seminar contents valid for horizontal development?)

The seminars had high validity. Regarding the seminar contents, the teaching materials that were used in CD I were utilized. Moreover, the outputs of the design/supervision were also used as teaching materials.

The KM employees that participated in CD I were highly motivated to build their own capacity, and the fact that capacity building of employees was conducted in various forms in these seminars is worthy of praise. Since assessment of the new trainees in the seminars is based only on learning achievement (test) results, it was found that sustaining the motivation is a big issue. Since the results of interviews indicate that the new trainees want to improve their own capacity, it is believed that the seminars had an impact (ripple effect) on the new trainees in terms of increasing their knowledge and changing their awareness.

Effectiveness (can the goals of the horizontal development seminars be achieved?)

The horizontal development seminars were highly effective.

Since the new trainees scored more than 80% on average in the assessment tests at the end of each course (only implemented for design and supervision), it can be said that the seminars have been effective certainly for transferring the technology. The CD I trainees who conducted the horizontal development seminars were extremely satisfied with the person-to-person technology transfer and said that it helped them improve their awareness as trainers.


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Efficiency (were inputs conducted at proper times and appropriately?)

Efficiency was at moderate level. Since the horizontal development seminars were implemented during work, and major restrictions were enforced due to the security situation, it was difficult to assign trainers appropriately. Inputs of document teaching materials were adequate, however, there were cases where the CD I trainees could not sufficiently respond to questions from new trainees during the seminars. The knowledge in CD I covers fundamental areas, however, broad knowledge is required concerning items associated with actual work. Accordingly, when conducting the weekly monitoring, the Japanese experts responded to technical issues by following-up through local contractors.

D) The number of participants in a horizontal development

The following 90 persons in total as a new trainee from the related departments were involved in the horizontal development of CD I.

Maintenance Department: 26 Policy & Coordination Department: 15 City Planning Department: 33 Construction Control Department: 16

Figure 3-2-4 Photographs of CD I Activities


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3-3 Capacity Development II (CD II)

3-3-1 Introduction

JICA implemented “the Kabul City Road Improvement Sub-Project”. Within this, the capacity development program (CD I) was implemented to improve the trainees capacity for infrastructure development projects from July 2012 to February 2013. This program carried out lectures and drills on basic expertise in the fields of design, procurement, and supervision.

Road development aid from various countries is progressing in Kabul. Building of a maintenance control system is needed urgently; however, the MD is engaged in directly construction of roads. It was necessary immediately to improve the maintenance capacity such as road register, patrols, annual repair plan and so on, via training and drills.

3-3-2 Setting of Objectives

Based on the policy, the objectives of CD II were established as follows;

A. Trainees will acquire the basic knowledge and skills which are a foundation of the urgently required road maintenance system.

A-1 Trainees will understand the overall image of road management and maintenance system, and be able to think independently about the functions and organizations that are required for road maintenance.

A-2 Trainees will understand the objectives of road register and records, and be able to make and utilize these.

A-3 Trainees will understand the types and methods of road patrols, and be able to implement and record the results of patrols and inspections, take safety measures for emergencies in cooperation with other organizations.

A-4 Trainees will understand the cause and effect of road damage, and be able to create repair and improvement plans in consideration of work methods and costs, and carry out appropriate construction work.

B. Trainees will understand procedures for procurement in accordance with international standards, and be able to conduct appropriate procurement.

C. Trainees will learn methods for supervision of construction that are executed in accordance with international standards.

D. The acquired knowledge will be horizontally developed and successively practiced within administrative organizations.

3-3-3 Outline of Implementation

(1) Composition

Figure 3-3-1 shows the composition of courses formed in line with the objectives.


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Courses

CDⅡ

1. Oveview of CDⅡ

A Maintenance of Road

2. Position of Maintenance inRoad Administration

3. Create Organization (Exc.)

A‐1Administration of Road

C Supervision of Construction 14. OJT at ConstructionSite

B Procurement12. ProcurementPractice

13. Contract Management

8. Diagnose ‐Damage Practice

9. RepairMethod

10. Annual Repair Plan (Exc.)

11. Training of Remedial Works

A‐2 Road Register

4. Functions of Road Register

5. Create Road Register (Exc.)

A‐3 Patrol & Inspection

6. Purpose& Procedure

7. Patrol Practice

D Horizontal Development

15. Summary & Plan for Horizontal Development

16. ImplementationofHorizontal Dev. & Monitoring

Orientation

A‐4Damage &Repair Pavement

Figure 3-3-1 Composition of Courses

(2) Trainees

Fourteen (14) trainees were selected from the SG members jointed CD I to ensure continuity of the education.

WG members were requested to take part in all the courses in view of the importance of their positions. As a result, the WG members attended numerous courses following the second session in India. In particular, MD Acting Director Mr. Muzafar Pamir attended all the courses positively, therefore, the field activities described in the action plan were completed almost on schedule, and all activities were effectively reported to the Mayor and the Deputy Mayors.

(3) Method of Implementation

Since the experts could not go to Kabul for security reasons, direct lecture was held at the hotel in Gurgaon, India three times. At the end of each session in India, trainees made action plans which were their field activities after returning to Kabul. The local activities were attended by NS, and the Japanese experts grasped the progress and issues in the activities via NS, confirmed contents and offered guidance via email, etc. In addition, the trainees were assembled in the JICA’s GKD office to receive direct guidance via TV conferences two times.

The training in Japan was held in March 2014. Trainees were directly lectured on the road maintenance organization in Saitama City by the city staff members.

Table 3-3-1 Division of Training

Division Period Partici-pants

Activity Location

Supervision OJT

May–Oct. 2013

5 Quality Control, Safety Control, Payment

Pilot Project in Kabul

1st Session Sep. 9- 16 Administration system of road, Gurgaon, India


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in India Sep.17, 2013 Road register, Patrol 2nd Session in India

Nov.3- Nov.13, 2013

18 Diagnosis of pavement, Repair Method

Gurgaon, India

Practice in Kabul

Oct.7, 2013- Jan.14, 2014

40* 14

Practical Training on Remedial works, Patrol and Diagnosis

Kabul City Road

3rd Session in India

Jan.26- Feb.7, 2014

18 Organization, Annual Repair Plan, Procurement, Contract Management

Gurgaon, India

Training in Japan

Mar.11- Mar.17, 2014

4

Road inspection in Tokyo, Maintenance system in Saitama City, Observation of Road Construction Site.

Omiya Ward Saitama City, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan

*The 40 members include foremen and labors from the MD who took part in the practical training.

3-3-4 Implementation Contents of Each Course

The sequence of activities in each course was started with nurturing of problem awareness, understanding of basic components, and learning of general maintenance work.

(1) Course -1: Orientation

After reviewing the implemented items in CD I, the aims and courses of CD II were briefly explained. Then a questionnaire survey was performed to ask the trainees what they expected from the training and how they act for this training. The trainees expressed the desire for long term training and support.

(2) Course-2: Position of Maintenance in Road Administration

The roles of the road manager, for example, planning, survey, design, construction, maintenance, information provision, regulation and so on, were generally explained. It was explained that roads are main infrastructure for industry and human activities, and the trainees were asked to have pride in their works.

Preliminary survey found that KM has no systems at all for grasping current conditions of roads. Trainees took lessons in the first step on grasping current conditions such as road positions, widths, pavement, facilities, neighboring landowners, as well as the types, quantities of equipment needed for maintenance. Then, the trainees understood maintenance work and outline on the relationship with road register, traffic survey, patrols, repair methods, and budget measures.

(3) Courses -4, -5: Road Register

Japanese road register defines routes which have beginning and end points on continuous road, and these are sorted according to route names and serial numbers. It shows boundaries of road, road positions, alignments, widths, heights, facilities (underground) and so on, the basis of these is detailed surveying maps, as-built drawings, and land registries.

There was no information on road register and such and topographic map were not available in the KM.

Accordingly, we used the topographical maps (1/5,000) that were created in the Kabul Metropolitan Area Topographical Map Survey done by JICA from 2008 to 2011. Drills were conducted in which the trainees joined together A3 categorized maps to create road maps, and the trainees thus became accustomed to handling maps.

While looking at the overall topographical map for all of Kabul, the trainees selected 9 trunk roads to define them by applying beginning points, end points and route names. Moreover, kilopost was applied to each road after the beginning point. Utilizing the road widths and kilopost, the trainees took lessons in calculating the paved area of each road and creating reports.

The scale was too small for a road register. Accordingly, drills were conducted in preparing a


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longitudinal chart as a basic road register. Following the first session in India, the trainees used one of the roads defined to conduct actual survey and create a longitudinal chart for one route. The longitudinal chart that was created in Kabul underwent detailed review and improvements in the second India session.

Adjacent land rights and underground facilities were decided to treat as problem.

The procedure for a road register was compiled in a written form.

(4) Course -6, -7: Patrols

There are no organized patrols conducted in KM.

In the training, the trainees were firstly asked to understand the need for periodical patrols and the different types of patrols according to objectives. Moreover, trainees took lesson in composition and apparatuses of patrol teams, communications setup, ways for handling abnormalities, and storage and utilization of data. Also, checklist and report formats for performing actual patrols were created. Following the second India Session, the trainees took part in three actual patrol drills on the roads in Kabul.

The procedure for conducting patrols was compiled in a written form.

(5) Course -8: Damage Diagnosis Practice

Road surfaces become damaged and worn over time. The trainees taught that through grasping these conditions periodically (every three years) and quickly responding to problems, the service life of roads can be extended, and that the future timing of large-scale repairs can be forecasted and scheduled repairs can be implemented based on the level of road deterioration.

The MCI (Maintenance Control Index：hereinafter referred to as “MCI”) for calculating condition of road surfaces based on cracking ratio and rotting depth was introduced and used in drills. The trainees also learned how to combine this with the pavement area quantities chart acquired in the road register course and how to group and add roads’ areas according to MCI grades. This constituted preparation for the annual repair planning covered in a later course.

Causes of road damage are not only deterioration from use but also include poor construction work, nonconforming design due to increased traffic volume, problems of roadbed and subgrade, overloading and so on, and it is also necessary to investigate these factors.

Concerning methods for checking the integrity of base course and subgrade, the trainees performed drills for finding CBR from site tests using DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer), and using the AASHTO design method for designing pavement layers based on traffic volume and CBR. The trainees conducted drills on actual roads in Kabul, and made modifications in TV conferences and the third India sessions.

In the exchanges of opinions with the trainees, the trainees realized that road damage caused by overloading is a major problem in Kabul. However, this problem cannot be resolved by the trainees alone. It was decided to record it as an issue.

The procedure for conducting diagnosis of road pavement conditions was compiled as a written survey and judgment procedure.

(6) Course -9, -11: Repair Methods and Training Remedial Works

In the first India session, the trainees learned about representative types and causes of pavement damage and general repair methods. The experts prepared a work procedure for implementing patching, which is the most common form of repair, and crack filling, and the trainees conducted actual works in Kabul.

The training courses directly targeted the KM managers and workers, while the trainees deepened their understanding of the work through observing it. The necessary equipment was prepared by KM and local general contractors. Moreover, skilled and experienced workers from the general


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contractor were asked to give demonstrations so that skills could be passed on to the KM workers. NS conducted overall coordination.

In the end of November 2014, patching and crack filling were each conducted for three days, and in addition to the MD workers and trainees, engineers took part and there were 40 participants.

The procedure for conducting patching and crack repairs as performed in the practical training was compiled in a written form as explanation of main repair methods and procedures.

(7) Course -10: Annual Repair Plan Drills

Annual repair plan is intended to plan and secure budget for each year’s implementation items while forecasting maintenance costs arising in line with roads deterioration from the overall and medium- to long-term perspective. The goal of this plan is to take countermeasures and thereby reduce long-term expenses, and to treat future costs and thereby avert the damage of roads.

Since KM did not have quantitative data of the city’s roads, and it was intended to first prepare a basic road register and grasp the quantities. Roads will be categorized according to their diagnosed state of damage, and then KM will select repair methods and calculate the necessary costs. The trainees only tried grasping quantities and diagnosing damage on very short stretches of a road, and not the overall picture necessary for annual repair plans. However, they learned the method using provisional figures.

The annual repair plan was compiled in a written form as explanation of the annual repair plan compilation procedure.

(8) Course -3: Create Organization Drills

Organization

After learning about general contents of maintenance, trainees discussed the organization needed to implement such activities. An organization chart and draft work contents were prepared assuming the establishment of a new maintenance section with Mr. Pamir at the center in the MD. This plan was presented to the Mayor and received basic consent.

Equipment

The trainees were asked to prepare a list of the common currently used maintenance quipment. The list shows common machine names, specifications indicating the main capacity, manufacturers, models, and agents for procuring necessary parts, however, they were unable to produce a sufficient list. The following facts were discovered after questioning;

There were no maintenance engineers who totally understand the machinery. Most of the engineers were not familiar with specifications written in English. Some components of equipment were not procured from specialty hardware stores or were

taken from broken equipment.

It was decided to put this issue aside as one that cannot be resolved by the trainees alone.

(9) Course -12: Procurement Drills

In Afghanistan, there was the Procurement Law (2008) that was enacted under the initiative of the World Bank. Based on this law, the PPU of the Ministry of Finance has compiled procurement procedures and rules, procurement procedure manual, and standard bidding documents in both English and Dari. Two types of standard bidding documents were prepared. One was applied to more than project costs 500 million AFN (hereinafter referred to as “AFN”), and another was applied to less than project costs 500 million AFN.

The large majority of project costs were less than 500 million AFN, and the standard bidding documents based on the Procurement Law had hardly been used. There are no provisions concerning bidding participation qualifications, and projects had simply been given to the party who bids the lowest price. Moreover, bidding documents had comprised only rough alignments and


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simple cross sections but no detailed specifications, and even though general conditions of contract were attached, they were not utilized.

The trainees read standard bidding documents for a project less than 500 million AFN written in Dari, and detail explanations were conducted after reading. The explanations were conducted by Mr. Madadi of NS during three sessions in Kabul, and followed by the Japanese experts at the third session in India.

Particular emphasis was placed on the following three items.

1- Stipulate the bidding participation qualifications according to company size and past construction performance, etc. in order to restrict participation of inferior companies.

2- Prepare contract data and special conditions of contract to establish the contract conditions required by the client.

3- Establish the eligibility requirements (academic history, experience) of the engineers to be assigned, by requesting companies to submit this eligibility certification together with bidding documents, construction schedule and execution plan for the bidding, and exclude any companies that do not meet the standards regardless of price.

The absence of Dari language specifications in KM was raised as a major problem. KM is unable to conduct fair quality control and leaves this to contractors. Since no immediate solution was found to this problem, it was decided to handle it separately.

(10) Course -13: Contract Management

It was decided to conduct lectures and discussions on the overall items of general conditions of contract for small projects shown by PPU.

The trainees voiced and discussed numerous questions about the extent of the authority of the project manager and the responsibilities of the client. They had not been aware of the following three responsibilities of the client:

1- Delays in works by underground structure contractors 2- General design issues concerning permanent structures 3- Maintenance after handover until the defect inspections

(11) Course -14: Construction Supervision OJT

This supervision OJT course was performed by using the construction site of the PP. Roughly once per week (from May to August, 2013), 5 trainees (3 MD members, 1 CPID, 1 CCD) jointed the supervision team of JICA experts and experienced various supervision activities including quality control, performance control, materials testing, quantities calculation for interim payment, liaison with nearby residents and so on. They also attended the defect inspections, and finally completed all the subjects that were originally scheduled.

Since the Japanese experts conducted management remotely from India during OJT period, all the local activities were conducted through NS. However, Mr. Masuda, who worked as the supervision team leader gave direct guidance to the trainees using the quality control manual prepared in the third session in India. Also, additional lessons of safety control were conducted by him.

(12) Training in Japan

The training in Japan was conducted for four members comprising the MD manager, two other members, and the PC deputy manager, who were invited to Japan in March, 2014. The goal was to let these trainees directly observe Japanese road maintenance and expand their expertise.

The trainees visited the road maintenance department of Saitama City and heard detailed explanations on the role of local government in road management. They also visited an actual road paving works site and heard explanations about implementing nighttime work from the site representative.


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In addition, the trainees learned about Japanese land registration methods in registry office, and walked along national, metropolitan, and district roads while observing detailed items such as signs, safety facilities, kilometer posts, drainage facilities, buried object displays, indications of boundaries between public and private land.

(13) Course -15: General Summary and Horizontal Development Plan

The horizontal development plan for a year was developed at the end of the third session in India. The purpose is to spread expertise which trainees learned in the training to their colleagues and district office employees who did not take part in the training.

Moreover, trainees drew up draft plans for work improvement, and the WG and SG members wrote their own improvement plan about how does they use their expertise in future activities . Also, the following eight items that cannot be resolved by the trainees’ departments alone were compiled and conveyed to the senior officials of KM as issues requiring a city-wide effort.

1- Inadequacy of land registry records 2- Lack of construction equipment maintenance capacity 3- Excessive work hours of MD employees 4- Inadequacy of insurance covering construction and worker`s accidents, etc. 5- Absence of procurement plans and budget measures 6- Absence of standard specifications in Dari language 7- Lack of awareness of responsibility for management following handover 8- Regulation of overloading of trucks

On the final day of the third India session, the Deputy Mayor Mr. Wahid and the JICA Team Deputy Leader Mr. Tokumaru, were invited to take part in a report meeting. Representing the WG, MD Deputy Director Mr.Pamir and the departmental representatives in the SG gave explanations and stated their hopes concerning the horizontal development plan and draft improvement work plan. Finally, Mr. Tokumaru presented completion certificates to all 18 members who took part in the training.

Figure 3-3-2 Photographs of CD II Activities


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3-3-5 Evaluation

Evaluation

A survey of assess the acquired knowledge was carried out to make sure trainee`s understanding in each course. Areas of insufficient understanding were reinforced with additional explanations and drills.

Table 3-3-2 shows the results of the survey. The trainees were assessed on an overall score of 100, comprising 75% for the averaged score on the understanding survey forms and 25% for emotion to be assessed by the experts. The expert’s assessment took leadership, positive attitude, ability to cooperate, and discipline into account.

Table 3-3-2 Evaluation and Certification

Muzafar

PamirWafa

Ehsanullah

BayatSharif

iSadat Yasin

Mahmood

PamirSalah

Jabarkhail

RayezStanik

zaiSatar

NavidSham

sAziz

NabiFayaz

YusofiAhma

d

Ahmadi

Farha

SafiTawa

b

YusofiFarid

SafiAdela

1 #2Position of Maintenance in RoadAdministration

9/9/2013 75 88 63 88 25 100 100 100 63 100 100 88 88 88 88 84

2 #4 Functions of Road Register 15/9/2013 92 83 67 75 100 10 92 100 83 83 92 100 81

3 #5 Create Road Register 13/11/2013 56 56 56 56 44 56 67 67 100 78 89 22 22 11 22 53

4 #6 Patrol & Inspection 7/9/2013 91 73 73 91 55 64 73 82 82 64 82 100 78

5 #8 Diagnose damage 7/11/2013 80 90 90 100 90 90 100 100 100 70 90 90 80 80 80 89

6 #8 Diagnose damage practice(MCI) 8/11/2013 100 100 40 100 60 100 70 100 70 100 100 100 70 100 60 85

7 #8 Repeat Diagnose damage practice(MCI) 31/1/2014 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80

8 #9 Repair Method 13/11/2013 100 62 69 77 77 92 85 85 85 62 69 69 38 31 77 72

9 #10 Annual Repair Plan 31/1/2014 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80

10 #12 Procurement 5/2/2014 90 60 60 70 70 60 100 100 90 100 100 100 100 50 100 100 90 85

11 #13 Contact Management 5/2/2014 89 100 95 94 67 72 89 76 80 100 100 90 89 100 100 100 100 91

12 #14 Construction Spervision 3/2/2014 78 49 65 55 30 41 63 57 42 75 79 55 59 74 27 58 34 55

Total 828 948 854 940 789 671 200 989 819 372 63 1055 749 753 408 947 253 752 822 543 288

Average 83 79 71 78 66 75 100 82 74 74 63 88 83 84 82 79 84 68 75 68 96

①Ave×75% 62 59 53 59 50 56 75 62 56 56 66 62 63 62 59 51 56 51

②Emotion& Will

25 20 20 20 20 15 20 25 25 20 25 25 25 20 20 15 15 15

G.T.(①+②) 87 79 73 79 70 71 95 87 81 76 91 87 88 82 79 66 71 66

Certificate ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

CC CP

AveRefCours

eSubject Date

MD PC

3-3-6 Horizontal Development Follow-up

(1) Purpose of Horizontal Development

An Action plan for 1 year was formulated by trainees for 9 categories at the end of CD II India sessions held in 2013. It aimed to improve KM’s road administration by spreading knowledge and technique that trainees gained in CD II sessions through their practice with colleagues at actual workplaces.

Horizontal development follow-up system was set up to monitor progress of their activities ascertaining problems they encounter and provide assistance by expert team to secure achievement of the purpose.

(2) Method of Follow-up

1- Provide monthly experts’ advices based on the monitoring information collected by local staff.

2- Hold three (3) meetings (sessions) in Japan (Aug. Nov. and Jan.) for experts to examine the products prepared in actual work places by KM and to give advices through discussion.

In each session, achievement and deficiency were confirmed by comparing each work category with


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the action plan problems were identified, solutions were discussed and revised action plan was formulated.

Table 3-3-3 shows the 9 categories and major targets of action plan.

Table 3-3-3 9 Categories and Major Targets of Action Plan

No Category Major Target

1 Organization Establish new organization specifically engaged in road

maintenance

2 Utility Establish rules and coordination system for KM and utility servicers to avoid accidents involving utilities

3 Road Register Define roads by providing names and chainage. Depict them using maps, longitudinal charts or as-built drawings. Provide chainage indicators on site.

4 Patrol Take record of road condition by road patrol to plan repair works.

5 Pavement diagnosis

Utilize rational method to evaluate degree of deterioration of pavement

6 Repair works Practicing effective method for road repair

7 Procurement Preparation of bid documents in accordance with procurement law

8 Construction Supervision

Ensuring quality of work by utilizing supervision manual

9 Survey and Design

Preparation of construction drawings based on survey record using CAD

The meeting was held in Kabul after each session in order to share the result of the session with all trainees. The result of each session was reported to the Deputy Mayor as well as to directors of relevant departments requesting for their understanding and support.

The schedule and participants for follow-up sessions in Japan and are shown in Table 3-3-4.

Table 3-3-4 Follow-up Sessions in Japan and Participants

First Second Third

6-9 Aug.,2014 12-15 Nov.,2014 21-24 Jan.,2015

ShinjukuWashington Hotel

Yachiyo Engineering JICA TIC

Mr. PAMIR, Mohd Muzafar ○

Mr. WAFA, Obaidullah ○ ○ ○

Mr. BAYAT, Wahidullah ○

Mr. SHARIFI, Abdul Raouf ○ ○

Mr. SADAT, Sayed Atif ○

Mr. PAMIR, Mahmood ○ ○

Mr. SALAH, Abdul Fatah ○

Mr. STANIKZAI, Mujtaba ○

Mr. SHAMS, Ahmad Naveed ○

Mr. ALAMY, Abdul Satar ○

Mr. SAFI, Mohammad Tawab ○

Mr. AZIZ, Azizullah ○ ○MD: Maintenance DepartmentPCD: Policy & Coordination DepartmentCCD: Construction Control DepartmentCPID: City Planning & Implementation Department

Participation

MD

PCD

CCD

CPID

Order

Period

Venue (Tokyo)

Names and belongings


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(3) Action Plan

At the third (final) Horizontal Development Follow –up Session, achievement attained through 1 year horizontal development was confirmed and an action plan for the coming three (3) years was formulated for further betterment. The action plan of each category was summarized below;

1) Organization

In May, 2014 a new section assigned specifically for road maintenance was established in the MD. 5 Engineers and 64 workers (4 teams) were allocated. The section manager is one of the trainees, Eng. Obaidullah Wafa. As the importance of road maintenance was understood, the proposal of further expanding the section submitted by MD was approved by the Acting Mayor, Mr. Wahid. The proposal included introduction of additional 25 engineers and 90 workers. When personnel planning in other departments were determined, whole package was submitted to the President’s Office for approval. Implementation of modified organization is expected to start in June 2015 according to Mr. Muzafar, the Deputy Director of MD. Two cars are likely to be allocated to MD, as well.

Lack of equipment such as A3 printer, files, and thermometers had not been rectified for long time. They were, however, finally purchased using internal budget.

Kabul Municipality's Organization Chart for MD

Construction G. Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ab.Sabor

Technical DeputyMr. Muzafar pamir

Relationship Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ghulam RabaniAmind Deputy2nd grade

Mr. Mir Aqa Shahbaz

Storage Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ab.Qadeer

Directorate of City Planning1st. grade

Mr. Zekeria Habibi

Inventory Manager3rd. grade

Mr.Mohd Kazim

Amin Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Alam gul

Survice Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Allah Dad

Transport G. Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Rauof Saiefi

Workshop G.Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Sayed Nabi

Road G. Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Sediq ullah sediqi

Financial Manager3rd. grade Mr. saber

MaintenanceManager3rd. grade

Health ClinicManager3rd. grade

Road Maintenance G. Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Obaidullah Wafa

Road Repair Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Asil Khan

Road Register Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ab. Raouf Sharifi

Road Patrol Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ab. MaruofConstruction Manager3rd. grade Mr. Zekaria

Mr. Sayed Atif SadatMember

Project. ManagersFrom # 1 to # 53rd. grades

Miscellaneous Project Manager3rd. grade

Lab. Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Wahidullah Bayat

Cost & EstimationManager3rd. grade

Mr. Ehsanullah Mohamdi

Road Lightening. Manager3rd. grade

ControlManager

Policy and coordination Manager3rd. grade

Resumes Manager3rd. grade

Mr. Ab. Wasi

Figure 3-3-3 Kabul Municipality’s Organization Chart of MD

Admin

Admin

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2) Utility

Lack of communications and cooperation between KM and utility servicers have often caused damage to berried utilities during road construction works. Coordination meetings have been held as an activity of horizontal development between the Deputy Mayor and the directors of utility servicers. At the third meeting held on October 21, basic agreement was reached to continue the cooperative actions to determine procedure for installation of utilities, technical details and investigation of existing utilities.

The 1st task force meeting was held on December 24 to confirm the progress of agreed activities on each side. It has been agreed to hold regular monthly meetings. One of the trainees, Mr. Hellal Yasin, has been assigned to chair the meetings and another trainee, Mr. Mahmood Pamir, to coordinate the meetings.

Figure 3-3-4 Photograph of KM and Utility Services Meeting

3) Road Register

Trainees learned how to formulate road register during the sessions in 2013 and defined 9 main roads as practice. During horizontal development period, the trainees defined 60 main roads with total length of 300 km giving each of them name, starting point, end point and chainage. The trainees created the map with chainage as CAD data.

In addition, community roads in district 4, 7, 8 and part of 10 were defined, as well. It will take some more time to cover all of the 22 districts.

Expert team provided KM with 1/5,000 & 1/10,000 divided maps in pdf format created from CAD data which trainees created. The maps will be utilized to save different information such as utilities, patrol record, and repair works plan.

As built drawings of donated roads are stored in PCD, these drawings will be sorted out and handed over to MD.

Longitudinal chart has been created for the roads for which as-built drawings do not exist. The chart has been formulated for 4 roads (No4, 7, 10, 14) so far. This activity will continue.

51 chainage indicators (or milestone) have been set to 6 roads (No6, No10, No15, No16, No14, No17) at an interval of 500m. Design has been improved; it was somewhat like a gravestone before, but now smaller sophisticated style.


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Figure 3-3-5 Location Map of Roads Targeted by Road Register

42

44

43

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

57

58

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

45

54

55

56

59

60

Charahi shaheed to Se ra hi Bandi qargha

Charahi Karte Momorin to Qasre darulaman

Charahi Pole sokhta to Charahi Arghandi

Charhi Dehmazang to Qasre darulaman

Cinema Pamir to Qasre Darulaman via Chilsoton

Cinema Pamir to Akhire Jada

Darwazai Lahori to Pole Asmayee

Darwazai Lahori to Seia sang

Seia sang to Botkhak

Saraki Now Rahman mina to Stanikzai Mina

Charahi Bot khak to Saraki Jalalabad Via Arzan qimat

Charahi Makroyan Charom to Ahmad Shah Baba Mina

pule macroryan‐pule mahood khan

Matba Road‐ Sae Rahi Shash Darak

Charhi masud‐Charhi Malik asghar(Wazer Aakbar khan road)

Pule Mamud Khanc‐sae Rahi masjed Hanzala

Qale Fatullah ‐Belak‐e‐sarandoy

Charhi Bagh zanana‐Badam Bagh Charhi‐DeKepak

Charhe Pashtunestan‐ Charhi Bagh zanana

Charhi Parwan 2 ‐Qasaba Road

Charhi Khoja Boghra ‐Charhi‐Dekepak

Sae Rahi TrabaztKhan‐Badam Bagh

Sae rahi Malale Zegantoon‐ Char qala ‐e‐ Wazer Aabad

Shahrki Police‐ Sarki qasaba

Charahi Parwan sewom to Akhir Pajsad Family

Golayee Khaja boghra to khishti hokhtif along to Borji Barq

Saraki 20 metra from Airport to connection to Saraki Shotol darmaltoon

Saraki 20 metra from Airport to Saraki 40 metra khishti hokhtif

Saraki 20 metra from Airport to connection to Saraki Lesee Mayam

Saraki Proji panjom khir khana

Saraki shotol in Proji panjom khir khana

60 metra Silo to Charahi khoshal mina lot B

Saraki Company to Saraki qargha khoshal mina Lot B

Saraki Company to Saraki qargha khoshal mina Lot A

Darwaza Gharbi pohantoon to Serahi Alawdin

Saraki Darulaman Jawari Pohantoon Khatamnabien to Khatemi saraki pajom Silo

Sheroye saraki Darulaman Jawari Fabrika Hajari to Saraki 60 metra Pole sokhta

Saraki Awale Karte Char to Akhir Pohantoon

Cerkass Sinatouam shero az Saraki Darulaman to Saraki Char Qala

Saraki 60 metra Dakhil Proji Rahman mina

Sarakhai Dakhil Proji Arzan qemat Az Saraki 60 metra Pole charkhi

Sraki Dakhil Proji Arzan qemat

Saraki Moqbil Studiom to Pole Makroyan

Saraki Awale Shah shaheed to Akhir Studiom warzeshi

Saraki Sang Tarashi to Charahi Pashtoonistan

Saraki Pole Mahmood khan to Saraki Jadayee Maiwand

Saraki az pole yakpisagi to Chawki Cinema Pamir

Saraki Moqabile Welayate kabul to Charahi shaheed Shah re now

Saraki Market Makroyan sowom to Wasle saraki Pole charkhi

Saraki Shah shaheed Az Darwazaye Bala hesar to Naqleyae sia sang

Saraki Awale Shah shaheed to Saraki Rahman mina

De Afghanan ‐ Sara‐e‐Shamali Line

33

De Afghanan ‐ Polecharkhi Line

34

De Afghanan ‐ Company Line

35

De Afghanan‐ Beni Hesar Line

36

Dispeturee ‐ Sara‐e‐Shamali Line

37

Airport ‐ Sara‐e‐Shamali Line

38

Masood Square ‐ Airport Line

39

Qala‐e‐Fatullah ‐ Saleem Karwan Line

40

41

Saraki Eidga ‐ Pule Macroyan

Figure 3-3-6 Longitudinal chart (sample)

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4) Patrol

It was found that trainees were not good at filing patrol record in such manner that it could be utilized for administration of roads. Method of filing record linking data and map was introduced in the last follow-up session. Now since the divided maps have been provided, It is expected that trainees will establish filing system which will help them make budget request with convincing data.

5) Diagnose Pavement

Trainees diagnosed pavement of road No10 using the method they learned.

Misunderstandings observed in their calculation of MCI were pointed out and their skill improved. Diagnosis, however, is time consuming. So it was determined to postpone this activity until new road maintenance section is extended receiving additional staff. Priority is put on road patrol.

Figure 3-3-7 Photograph of Diagnose Pavement

6) Repair Works

Volume of repair works increased drastically in fiscal year 2014. Expenditure for purchase of material amounted to 45 million AFN while initial budget allocated for this category was 25 million AFN. The balance was afforded by additional budget obtained in the course of fiscal year. The Mayor happened to observe the repair practice on site which was carried out in 2013 CD II program.

About 70 personnel including engineers, foreman and workers experienced method of repair introduced in CD II during the horizontal development period.

For the repair works scheduled to start in April 2015, MD plans to use prime coat and tack coat to further improve quality of works, take record of work utilizing divided maps to view the progress of work and to estimate budget for demand.

It is expected that they will continue horizontal development of skills and safety training to the new staff who are expected to join when the section is expanded by June 2015.

Figure 3-3-8 Photograph of Repair Works

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7) Procurement

Technical documents (drawings, specification, BQ) have been prepared during horizontal development period for the actual project ”Qismate-B Rahman mena District 8”, with which trainees planned to propose a pilot procurement in accordance with the procurement law. The Drawings were prepared through the activity explained in Survey and Design numbered 9) below. A trainee Mr. Mahmood Pamir is in charge of preparation of bidding documents such as Bidding Data Sheet, Special Conditions of Contract etc.

8) Construction Supervision (for the contracted works)

Dari version of Supervision Manual used for the PP was prepared by a trainee belonging to CCD. Horizontal development in this category, however, was not successfully done. One of the reasons is that there remained no trainee who received OJT training for supervision in CCD.

In coming season of construction, trainees now in CCD will pick up 1 or 2 subjects to demonstrate by themselves. The first one is inspection system using RFI form included in the manual, which would contribute to assuring quality of work. CCD members will draw out inspection details and have them included in “the Special Conditions of Contract” by the PCID member in charge of preparation of bidding documents, making the requirement to be contractual obligation.

9) Survey and Design

Practical training on preparation of construction drawings based on site survey data using CAD was carried out during the period from February to July 2014. Two engineers from MD, 1 engineer from CCD, and 5 engineers from CPID in total 8 engineers participated in the training. Total number of days spent was 56 days and average attendance rate was 75%. The actual ”Qismate-B Rahman mena District 8” project was used for the practice. The product was so nicely made that the Acting Mayor, Mr. Wahid, commented, “ I will not approve any drawings unless they are prepared like this.” The drawings will be included in the bidding documents for the above said project as a pilot procurement practice in accordance with procurement law.

Figure 3-3-9 Photograph of Survey

Figure 3-3-10 Action Plan after CD II-1

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Th

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3-4 Capacity Development III (CD III)

CD III targeted two roads, two bridges and one intersection (refer to Figure 3-4-1) which have been suggested to be improved earlier in the “Data Collection Survey on Road and Bridge in Kabul City” project finalized on March 2013, and two activities related to the “Survey & Design Managements” and “Project Planning” were carried out.

Figure 3-4-1 Location Map

* The red lines show the roads and bridges targeted by CD III.

Survey & Design Managements CD 3-4-1

Purpose (1)

This CD aims to improve the capacities of survey and design managements of Kabul Municipality through the outline designs to be conducted by local consultant which JICA Afghanistan Office contracts with.

Trainees (2)

This CD targeted at primarily the engineers of CPID, and then the Construction Control Department.

Work Flow (3)

The CD was conducted according to the work flow shown in Figure 3-4-2.


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JICA Office JICA Team National Staff Consultant KM

Confirming TOR Preparing TOR

Selection ofConsultancy

Signing Contract

Reporting

(c)

(d)

(e)

Submission ofF/R

Receiving (f )

Reporting to KMExecutives

(g )

Design

Explanation of Draft Final Report to KM

Verification Meeting in Dubai

Preparing FinalReport

consideringcomments

Explanation of Final Report to KM

Receiving F/R

Reexamination ofOutline Design

Survey Review and Confirmation of Design Requirement

(b)Survey Review and Confirmation of KM's

Report

Kick-off Meeting in Dubai(a)

Kick-off Meeting in Kabul

Survey

Feedback

(a) Within two weeks after signing of Contract, Kick-off Meeting is held between the Consultant, JICA Team and

JICA Team’s National Staff. The Consultant shall explain the inception report and the other participants confirm it. After the said Kick-off Meeting, another Kick-off Meeting is held between Consultant, National Staff and KM in Kabul to explain the Inception Report by Consultant. JICA Team prepares the check lists of topographic survey and geotechnical investigation where review points are shown and National Staff explain it with a CD program to KM in the meeting. <CD#1>

(b) When the surveys are completed, the Consultant explains the results of surveys to KM and KM reviews them according to the check lists and decides requirements for the design. KM shall report the result of review and discussion of design requirement. JICA Team also reviews the results of surveys by themselves, confirms the reports from KM, and gives KM some feedback. JICA Team gives guidance on review and its process if necessary and also instructs the Consultant to assist KM further. <CD#2>

(c) When Draft Final Report is completed, the Consultancy explains the results of designs to KM. <CD#3>

(d) JICA Team verifies the Draft Final Report in the Verification Meeting to be held in Dubai with the attendance of JICA, and makes comments to the Consultant.

(e) When Final Report is completed taking account of the comments made in the Verification Meeting, the Consultant explains it in detail to KM. <CD#4>

(f) JICA Team reexamines the outline design done by the Consultant for the smooth implementation.

(g) KM reports result of design with their review to their executives, and get the official approval.

Figure 3-4-2 Work Flow


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Work Schedule (4)

The CD was conducted according to the schedule shown in Table 3-4-1.

Table 3-4-1 Work Schedule

Selection of Local Consultant (5)

In selection of the Consultancy, JICA Afghanistan Office conducted the tendering. Technical and financial evaluation was adopted in the tendering and Expert Team was engaged in technical evaluation to assist the tendering. Eight local consultants have participated in the tender, and Appleton Consulting Inc. (hereinafter referred to as “ACI”) was awarded. ACI is led by Canadian president, and main members of this project team consisted of Philippine Team Leader and two Indian Senior Engineers.

Survey and Design by Local Consultancy (6)

When the work is started, the kick-off meeting was held in Dubai between the Consultancy, JICA and Expert Team. In the meeting, ACI made the presentation about their Inception Report, and Expert Team explained in detail about the work flow, relationship between the parties concerned, CD to KM and design requirements. A series of the surveys and designs was supervised from Japan by the experts through the national staffs. The meetings with KM and related organizations, and the permission required for the work were supported by the national staffs acting as intermediary. The Consultant submitted the monthly reports regularly, and the experts were monitoring the progress of the work. Moreover, the experts made confirmations and instructions by e-mail as the need arose.

Workshop by Local Consultant (7)

ACI conducted four times of the workshops with KM’s engineers to inform the progress of the work and improve their technical capacities. The national staffs also attended these workshops and provided necessary supports.

CD Workshop No. 1 1)

Date: March 10, 2014

KM Attendance:

Mr. Abdul Ahad Wahid : Technical Deputy Mayor Mr. Yasin Niazy : Director of City Planning & Implementation Dep. Mr. Azizullah Aziz : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Manager Mr. Mohammad Tawab Safi : City Planning & Implementation Dep. ,Road Section

2013

Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

Tender

Preparation

Survey

Design

CostEstimation

Reporting

Meeting

Item2014

Proposal

Submission Contract Signing

Kick‐off in Dubai CD#1

Inception Report Preparation

Topographic Survey

Geotechnical Investigation

DF/R F/R

Veri fication in DubaiCD#2CD#3 CD#4

Eva luation/ Negotiation


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Mr. Mohd Nabi Fayaz : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section

Contents:

Following the Kick-off Meeting held in Dubai from 26 to 28 February 2014 between JICA, JICA Expert Team and Consultant, the Consultant explained their Inception Report to KM and confirmed the contents.

Figure 3-4-3 Photographs of Workshop No. 1


Date: April 19–20, 2014

KM Attendance:

Mr. Mohammad Tawab Safi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mohd Nabi Fayaz : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mohad Shafiq Akram : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Ziaurhman : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Fahad Ahmadi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mustafa Salehi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Najebullah Rowshan : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Sayed Atiq : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Faridon Ghaiasi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Ahmad Fariad Yousofi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Mujtaba Stanikzy : Construction Control Dep. Mr. Ab Satar : Construction Control Dep.

Contents:

Prior to start of the design work, the Consultant explained each design methods specifically to KM staffs, and confirmed the design criteria and design conditions with KM staffs. The design methods were described by both English and Dari in the handouts.



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Date: August 17–18, 2014

KM Attendance:

Mr. Mohammad Tawab Safi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mohd Nabi Fayaz : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mohad Shafiq Akram : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Ziaurhman : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Fahad Ahmadi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Mustafa Salehi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Najebullah Rowshan : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Road Section Mr. Sayed Atiq : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Faridon Ghaiasi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Ahmad Fariad Yousofi : City Planning & Implementation Dep., Survey Section Mr. Mujtaba Stanikzy : Construction Control Dep. Mr. Ab Satar : Construction Control Dep.

Contents:

Following to completion of the Draft Final Report, the Consultancy explained the processes and results of surveys, analyses and designs to KM staffs. The handouts were written in both English and Dari.



Date: September 15, 2014

KM Attendance:

Mr. Mohammad Tawab Safi : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Road Section Mr. Mohd Nabi Fayaz : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Road Section Mr. Mohad Shafiq Akram : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Road Section Mr. Najebullah Rowshan : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Road Section Mr. Sayed Atiq : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Survey Section Mr. Ahmad Fariad Yousofi : City Planning & Implementation Dep. Survey Section

Contents:

The Consultant explained the Final Report including the draft drawings revised responding to the comments made in the Verification Meeting held in Dubai with JICA and JICA Expert Team.


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Reviews by KM staffs (8)

Survey Review 1)

KM staffs reviewed the results of the topographic survey and the geotechnical survey. Prior to the review, JICA Expert Team has prepared the check list, and it was carefully explained to KM staffs through the national staffs. The comments made by KM staffs were examined by JICA Expert Team, and the finalized comments were officially issued to the Consultant in parallel with the feedback to KM staffs.

Design Review 2)

The Final Report prepared by the Consultant was reviewed by KM staffs. Prior to the review, JICA Expert Team has prepared the check list similar to that of survey review, and the KM staffs reviewed the Final Report according to the list under the supports of the national staffs. As a result of the review, it was confirmed that the report satisfied all items described in the list, and KM staffs had no particular comments.

Verification Meeting (9)

To verify the Draft Final Report prepared by the Consultant, ACI, JICA and Expert Team held a Verification Meeting in Dubai . ACI made a presentation about the summary of their design packages, and showed that their designs were done according to the TOR and appropriate design criteria. After the presentation, the attendants were divided into road team and structure team and conducted the design verification on Draft Final Report. As a result of the verification, it was clarified that ACI’s technical skill level were very high, and their deliverables were generally in high quality. However, since their proposed road elevations were too high compared with existing road elevations and some parts were widened into outside of Right of Way, a large number of land acquisitions were required and accessibility to the roadside facilities had some troubles. ACI was advised in the Kick-off Meeting that the improvements works must be done within existing right of way excepting the approach roads of bridges. ACI replied that it was necessary to satisfy the design criteria and the traffic demands. As a result of the discussion with JICA, it was concluded that the issues mentioned above should be revised by Expert Team based on further site investigations and discussions with KM. ACI was requested to revise only their obvious errors and faults. A completed set of the Final Reports was submitted to JICA and Expert Team by ACI on September 16, 2014. The Expert Team verified the revised points, accepted on September 24, 2014, and then this subcontract was terminated by the final payment.

Evaluations (10)

Although each workshop provided by ACI was for only one or two days, the questions raised by KM staffs and the discussions were getting livelier after each workshop and it seems that basic ideas of survey and design were obtained by the participants according to the actual works. Therefore, the survey and design reviews could be done smoothly by KM staffs.


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On the other hand, it is remarked that this CD was provided without holding the meeting between the Experts and KM staffs, and therefore it was difficult to adjust CD programs to trainees’ capacities and understandings.

Project Planning CD 3-4-2

Purpose (1)

This CD aims to enable the KM officials to make a Project Plan for the projects related to traffic infrastructure improvement in Kabul city by themselves in the future.

Trainees (2)

The following three officials were selected from the departments concerned with the project planning as the trainees taking account of the capacity, initiative, language skill and the Mayor’s intention:

Mr. Mohd Yasin Hellal Deputy Director, Policy & Coordination Department Mr. Abdul Fatah Salah Policy & Coordination Department Mr. Mehrabuddin Shahab Policy & Coordination Department Mr. Mohammad Rahim Ibrahimi City Planning & Implementation Department

CD Method (3)

The Table 3-4-2 shows items which seem to be required in project plan, status of past CDs, and training method in this CD. The outline design prepared in Survey & Design Management CD is used as training material, and the actual project plan shall be drafted by the trainees making up items of project plan. This CD is started by holding a workshop in Japan, and the trainees are provided with explanation about each item of project plan, and they draft the project plan according to the guideline prepared by the Expert Team and prepare the Action Plan of remaining works to be done in Kabul. After going back to Kabul, the trainees shall finalize the project plan, which will be reviewed in next meeting with the Expert Team in March 2015. In parallel with above-mentioned CD works, the trainees are required to conduct OJT related to item no. 7, “Environmental and Social Considerations”, joining the roadside survey conducted by the Expert Team for the design review of the outline design prepared by ACI.

Table 3-4-2 Items of Project Plan

Status in past CDs Method of CD

1 Background of the Project

1.1 Present Conditions of the Relevant Sector and its Problems None to be explained by Expert Team1.2 Relationship with the Development Plan (Upper plan) None to be explained by Expert Team1.3 Social and Economic Conditions None to be explained by Expert Team1.4 Related Projects None to be explained by Expert Team2 Outline of the Project2.1 Ultimate Goal and Objectives of the Project None to be explained by Expert Team2.2 Selection of the Target Routs None to be explained by Expert Team2.3 Outline of the Project Done in PP, CDI and CDIII to be extracted from the design report3 Implementation Structure3.1 Organization None to be explained by Expert Team3.2 Financial Aspect None to be explained by Expert Team3.3 Operation and Maintenance Done in CDII to be based on the result of CDII4 Effects expected from the Project4.1 Quantitative Effects None to be explained by Expert Team4.2 Qualitative Effects None to be explained by Expert Team5 Summary of the Project Cost5.1 Construction Cost None to be based on the design report5.2 Costs of Survey, Design and Supervision None to be explained by Expert Team6 Implementation Schedule None to be explained by Expert Team7 Environmental and Social Considerations7.1 Land Use at the Target Areas None7.2 Land Acquisition None7.3 Resettlement None7.4 Alternative Plan None7.5 Law, Guideline and Approval Procedures regarding EIA None7.6 Presence of Environmental Preservation Areas None7.7 Environmental and Social Impacts None

KM officials will accompany JICA Teamin the roadside survey, and thenecessary information can be obtainedfrom result of the survey.

Item


3-98

Work Schedule (4)

This CD was conducted according to the schedule shown in Table 3-4-3.

Table 3-4-3 Work Schedule

Confirmation of Draft Project PlanReporting Result of Design Review

Feb Mar

　　　　　Schedule 2014 2015

Item Dec Jan

Roadside Survey

(Design Review)

Workshop for Project Planning

Data Collection andPreparation of Draft Project Plan

Workshop in Japan

Meeting in India

Work in Kabul

OJT

Reviewed by JICA Expert Team in Japan

Workshop in Japan (5)

The workshop was held in JICA Tokyo International Center for 4 days, from 14–17 January, 2015 inviting three trainees according to the following procedure:

Orientation and explanation of each items of project planning Explanation of the sample project Drafting the project plan according to the guideline Preparation of Action Plan about remaining work Presentation by the trainee

All of the three trainees who participated in this workshop studied hard and it was realized by their presentation that they understood well what trainers explained. The Table 3-4-4 shows the Action Plan prepared by the trainees.

Figure 3-4-7 Photographs of Workshop in Japan

Table 3-4-4 Action Plan

Eng Mehrab

Data collection regarding Kabul populationfrom Central Statistic Department orinternet, records of assistance by otherinternational donors & kabul municipalityroad related projects plan/Map.

Eng Ibrahimi

Traffic congestion and pollution data fromEnvironmental Conservation Department orinternet, Information on ANDS (upper goal)from Ministry of Economy, and Informationon Human Development Index of UNDPfrom Internet

Eng salahProviding of the map , description or outlineand cross section of the mentioned project.

Eng IbrahimiProviding of organization chart andcompleted road and bridge projects budgetof KM

Eng salahProviding frequency of maintenanceoperation from MD

Eng Mehrab

Eng Ibrahimi

Eng salah

Eng Mehrab

Eng Ibrahimi

Eng salah

Eng Mehrab

Eng Ibrahimi

Eng salah

Eng Mehrab

Eng Salah

Eng IbrahimiProviding of guideline and EIA approvalprocedure and collection of informationregarding preservation area.

Eng MehrabEng IbrahimiEng salah

Fin

al M

eeting

Pre

senta

tion t

o H

. E. The M

ayor

Data collection regarding Kabul population from CentralStatistic Department or internet, traffic congestion andpollution data from Environmental ConservationDepartment or internet, Information on ANDS (uppergoal), Kabul M/P, Kabul municipality road related projectsplan/Map. Information on Human Development Index ofUNDP from Internet, records of assistance by otherinternational donors.

Calculation of land aquisition and roughestimation ,resettlement of the householdsand effected persons and compensationcost estimation will be done .

will be done by team

Quantitative and Qualitative effects will beprovided by team

will be done by team

Ultimate goal and objective of the proposed project

Land acquisition and calculation of effected persons,Environmental and social considerations of roads ,bridgesand intersection

Chap

ter

1

Subject

Chapte

r

Activities which will be done in Kabul

12M

ar-17M

ar

7M

ar-11M

ar

28Feb-

6M

ar

24Feb-

27Feb

14Feb-

20Feb

8Feb-

13Feb

23-Feb

Vid

eo c

onfe

rence (

TV

meeting)

31Jan

-6Feb

24Jan

-30Jan

Chap

ter

2C

hap

ter

3

Table of budget for roads and bridges projects of KMfrom administrative department, and maintenancefrequency from MD .

Responsibleperson

Repo

rtin

g to

H. E. The M

ayor

7-Feb

Chap

ter

4

Quantitative and Qualitative effects expected from theProject

Cost estimation of all roads , bridge and intersection ofmentioned Project

Dat

acom

pila

tion

and

repo

rtin

g

Collection and correction of data and providing for submition

Chap

ter

5C

hap

ter

6

Implementation schedule including survey ,design,procurement and supervision.

Chap

ter

7

3-99

Th

e Kabu

l City R

oad Improvem

ent S

ub-Project F

inal Report


3-100

Works in Kabul (6)

According to the action plan prepared in the workshop in Japan, the trainees collected necessary data in Kabul and completed the draft project plan. The draft project plan was also translated into Dari to be practically and widely used in KM. The trainees made presentation on the draft project plan to KM Mayor, and the Mayor highly appreciated the outcome of this CD and stated that project planning section will be newly established including Mr. Hellal as a leader and the other trainees.

Workshop in Delhi (7)

The second workshop was held in Delhi, India for 4 days, from 13-16 March, 2015. The Expert Team and the trainees reviewed the draft project plan prepared by the trainees and finalized it, and the Expert Team made supplementary explanations. As a part of project planning CD, the application form for grant aid from Japan was drafted using the roads and bridges improvement project as a sample project. After the Expert Team explained the way to fill the form, the trainees discussed and prepared the draft application form. Since most of the items required for the application form were covered by the draft project plan, the trainees quickly understood and could prepare the appreciation form smoothly. Moreover, the trainees discussed further technical transfer required in future and drafted the application form for technical cooperation as well.

Figure 3-4-8 Photographs of Workshop in Japan

Evaluation (8)

Because KM Mayor fully understood the importance of the project planning and instructed the trainees to study hard, the trainees actually studied it well and discussed the matter in a constructive manner. The presentation made by the trainees showed that the trainees recognized the importance of the project planning and understood the contents required for project planning. It is expected that the system of project planning will be secured by the establishment of the project planning section stated by the Mayor, and the horizontal development of knowledge about the project planning among the other KM staffs will be promoted by using the Dari version of the project plan.


3-101

3-5 The Project for Improvement of East-West Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul

KM requested the grant aid for “the Project for Improvement of East-West Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul” while “The Kabul City Road Improvement Sub-Project”, a sub-project of the technical cooperation project for “The Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Development”, was underway. Since this requested project has a close relationship with on-going sub-project mentioned above, the activities such as design and bidding documents reference was included in it. The summary of the grant aid project is stated below.

3-5-1 Outline Design

(1) Overview

This project aimed to improve the accessibility of suburban area in Kabul city. The contents were itemized to improve the main road and community roads adjoining the suburban residential area and within about 5 km from the central area.

The road was set within the current right-of-way considering the improvement of existing roads, and it was also planned considering the future widening of the road to 8 lanes by KM.

Figure 3-5-1 shows the project road map, and Figure 3-5-2 shows a bird-eye view of the project road.

Figure 3-5-1 Project Road Map

Figure 3-5-2 Bird-eye View of The Project Road

N

Community Roads in District 11

East-West Arterial Road


Kabul centralKabul central area


3-102

Subgrade Design CBR=5%Guide StoneGuide Stone

900

Street Lighting Pole,single arm @ every 72m interval　

Concrete Curb

Concrete ditch

(Type A,B,C)

900

Street Lighting Pole,single arm @ every 72m interval　

Concrete Curb

Concrete ditch

(Type A,B,C)

3500 3500

RM 2

3500Carriageway

15800

Slope 2.5%Slope 2.5% Slope 3.0%Slope 3.0%

LC

3500Carriageway

VariableFootpath

VariableFootpath

(2) Typical Cross Section

Figure 3-5-3 shows typical cross sections of the east side (rural area) and the west side (urban area) which were decided considering the conditions of the road.

Figure 3-5-4 shows a typical cross section of community roads in district 11.

LC

2000

Softshoulder3500×2=7000Carriageway

16000

Slope 2.5%Slope 2.5%

Trapezoid ditch

Gravel Pavement t=150

Gravel Pavement t=150

Street lighting pole,double arm @ every 36m interval

Asphalt concrete surface course t=50

Asphalt concrete surface course t=50

2000Median

3500×2=7000Carriageway

Soil

RM RMRMRM

Subgrade Design CBR=5%

2000

Softshoulder

100

0

1000

(East side: Rural area)

(West side: Urban area)

Figure 3-5-3 Typical Cross Section : East-West Arterial Road on Northern Area of Kabul

Figure 3-5-4 Typical Cross Section : Community Roads in District 11

3-5-2 Pre-Detailed Design and Referenced Tender Documents

The pre-detailed design and referenced tender documents were carried out according to flow shown in Figure 3-5-5.

The project was implemented by UNOPS as a procurement agency.

(will be widened to more than two lanesin the future)

(will be widened tomore than twolanes in the future)

(will be widened to more than fourlanes in the future)

900

Concrete ditch

Ditch　　　Footpath　　　

Street lighting pole,single arm @ every 72m interval

Street lighting pole,single arm @ every 72m interval　

LC

2000

Approx 18900

Slope 2.5% Slope 3.0%

2000Footpath(Median)


Soil

RM RM

Subgrade Design CBR=5%

Concrete Curb(Type A,B,C)

Guide Stone


LCRM RM

Slope 2.5%

Future Plan

900


3-103

Figure 3-5-5 Work Flow

The following documents were delivered as the referenced tender documents;

Comparison of Outline Design and Pre-Detailed Design Technical Specification, Breakdown of Cost Estimation Pre-Detailed Design Drawings Structural Calculation Notes

3-5-3 Handing-over to UNOPS

All the documents were handed over to UNOPS (United Nations Office for Project Services: hereinafter referred to as “UNOPS” as a procurement agent in December 2012 after approval by KM and review by UNOPS. The progress of the work was as follows;

October 14, 2012: Bidding Document Reference was submitted to KM. October 20, 2012: Technical minutes for approval of the document were signed with

KM. October 24, 2012: The document was handed to UNOPS for review. November 19, 2012: 1st comments from UNOPS were received. December 02, 2012: Modified bidding documents reference were submitted to UNOPS

after several times of exchanges. December 11, 2012: UNOPS Afghanistan Office notified UNOPS head office about the

completion of review of the document.

Topographic Survey

Center Line Decision

Route Survey

Longitudinal Profile Cross Section

Appurtenant work Drainage

Concrete Curb, etc

Boring Survey Detailed Topographic Survey

Pavement Design

Pedestrian Underpass

Preparatory Detailed Design Drawings

Bill of Quantity Cost estimation

Technical Specification

Bidding Document Reference

Outline Design

Road Design Structure Design Survey Investigation

Subgrade CBR Test

Traffic Survey


3-104

Photo: Ambassador of Japan and Kabul Mayor in Photo: Pedestrian Underpass the ribbon cutting ceremony

Photo: West side arterial road after construction Photo: East side arterial road after construction

Figure 3-5-6 Photographs of East-West Road

Chapter 4 Input Results


4-1

Input Results Chapter 4

4-1 Experts’ Activities

Contents of Experts’ Activities 4-1-1

As shown in Table 4-1-1, the Japanese experts were assigned for several activities. The activities were conducted in not only Kabul, but also third countries such as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates and Delhi in India. The total foreign assignment of the Japanese experts was 86.02 man / months.

Table 4-1-1 Contents of Japanese Experts Activities

Field in charge Names Activities

Team leader/ Road plan I Toshihiro HOTTA As a team leader at the stage of plan & design for PP, conducted the overall project management and formulation of PP with the counter parts

Sub-leader I (plan & design stage) /Road plan II

Takeharu KOBA As a sub-leader at the stage of plan & design, together with a leader conducted the overall project management and selected the routes for PP with CP

Subsidiary facility plan Kiyotaka MIYAKE Conducted improvement plan of subsidiary facilities for PP

Road design Masatosi BABA Conducted road design for PP and East-West Road in Japan

Structural design Yuji SORAYAMA Conducted structural design for East-West Road in Japan

Subsidiary facility plan Yoshio ITO Conducted subsidiary facility design for East-West Road in Japan

Procurement survey kenji OHARA Conducted survey of procurement for PP

Supervision plan & cost estimation I

Isao TAKAHASHI Conducted supervision plan and cost estimation

Cost estimation II Ryo WATANABE Conducted cost estimation for PP in Japan

Environmental & social consideration

Mamoru SHIBATA Conducted environmental and social consideration for PP

Natural survey (geography & geology)

Ryuichi OIKAWA Conducted plan, re-entrustment contract and management on surveying and geological survey

Tender document Islamnural HASHIMOTO Conducted preparation of tender document for PP

Coordination/ road plan (support)

Gaku ADACHI Conducted setting up a field office at the time of start and supporting road plan

Team leader Toshihiro HOTTA As a team leader at the stage of plan & design for PP, conducted the overall project management

Sub-leader II (implementation stage)/ design review

Kazushi HONMA As a sub-leader at the stage of procurement & supervision for PP, conducted overall management of Sub-Project and reviewing design of community roads for PP placed an order in design-built method

Supervision (pavement) Kiyotaka MIYAKE Conducted implementation plan and supervision management

Supervision (subsidiary facility)

Isao TAKAHASHI Conducted implementation plan and supervision management

Tender document (Support) Hisayuki YAMAMOTO Conducted supporting bidding work in Japan

Team leader Yoshio YABE As a team leader after the stage of supervision management for PP, conducted the overall project management

Sub-leader Tetsuo YATSU As a sub-leader for East-West road improvement project, conducted the project management together with team leader


4-2

Bidding work (support) Kiyoshi IIDA Conducted supporting bidding work for PP

Bidding work (support) II Masatugu KOMIYA Conducted procurement plan for PP

Design modification Michiya NAGURA Conducted design modification at stage of supervision for PP

Supervision plan (safety) Yoshio YABE Conducted safety plan at implementing stage of works for PP based on change of security situation at site

Supervise III (resident) Koji MASUDA Conducted supervision management at Kabul and from India by remote control

Supervise IV (resident) Kenji TAKAHASHI Conducted supervision management at Kabul

Supervise V (resident) Kazuo KATO Conducted supervision management at Kabul

Supervise VI (resident) Michiya NAGURA Conducted supervision management at Kabul and from India by remote control

CD management II Akihiro SIMOMURA Conducted workshop for KM officials, hearing survey and CD planning

CD management III Yasuhiro YAMAUCHI Conducted CD planning in Japan

Natural survey (geography) Yoichi HAMATSU Conducted planning, re-entrustment contract and management on natural condition survey for East-West road

Road design Toshihiko AIZAWA Conducted road design for East-West road

Subsidiary facility design Yoshio ITO Conducted subsidiary facility design for East-West Road in Japan

Environmental & social consideration II

Asami KABASAWA Conducted environmental and social consideration for East-West road in Japan

Environmental & social consideration (support)

Kiyotaka MIYAKE Conducted environmental and social consideration for East-West road

CD (design) Michiya NAGURA Conducted lecture and practice on design in CD I

CD (procurement) Ryo WATANABE Conducted lecture on procurement in CD I

CD (supervision & maintenance)

Yoichi HAMATSU Conducted lecture on supervision management in CD I

CD (supervision & maintenance)

Koji MASUDA Conducted explanation of on overall CD at conclusion meeting

Design review II Kiyotaka MIYAKE Conducted reviewing the result of survey & design for the contractor’s implementation about additional road P2-1 of PP

Coordination II Takafumi KAWAI Conducted works of accounting and adjustment at the local office

Sub-leader/ CD(road design)

Kiyotaka MIYAKE

As a sub-leader at the stage of implementation of CD, together with team leader conducted the overall project management, management of outline design on road & bridge carried out t by a local consultant and CD activity

Sub-leader/ project planning Kiyotaka MIYAKE As a sub-leader at the stage of implementation of CD, together with team leader conducted the overall project management as well as lectures and practices on project planning

CD (bridge design) Isao TAKAHASHI Conducted management of outline design on road & bridge carried out t by a local consultant and CD activity

CD (pavement) Masatosi BABA Conducted lectures on pavement repair and practice management in CD II

CD (maintenance/procurement)

Susumu TANAKA Conducted lectures on maintenance & procurement and practice management in CD II


4-3

CD (maintenance II horizontal development)

Yoichi HAMATSU Conducted training program on maintenance in CD II

CD (maintenance II horizontal development)

Masatosi BABA Conducted lectures on maintenance and practice management in CD II

Japan-training management Yoshio YABE Conducted management of training in Japan in CD II

CD (horizontal development/ pavement)

Susumu TANAKA Conducted monitoring and follow-up of horizontal development CD II

CD (horizontal development/ maintenance)

Masatosi BABA Conducted monitoring and follow-up of horizontal development CD II

Road design II Masatosi BABA Conducted revising outline design of road & bridge carried out by a local consultant in Japan

Road design III Jihoon Leem Conducted revising outline design of road & bridge carried out by a local consultant in Japan

Bridge design Isao TAKAHASHI Conducted revising outline design of road & bridge carried out by a local consultant in Japan

<Abbreviations> PP : Pilot Project East-West road : East-West Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul CD : Capacity Development


4-4

Assignment Records of Experts 4-1-2

The assignment records of the experts are shown in Table 4-1-2.

Table 4-1-2 Assignment Records of Experts

LEGEND ：Foreign Assignment ：Domestic Assignment ：Assignment by Consultant’s Expense 86.02 80.47 166.49

10 11 12 1 2 34 5 6 7 8 910 11 12 1 2 32014 2015 M/M Total

M/M4 5 6 7Nanes 2010 2011 2012 2013

Field in charge 7 8 9

2.37Sub-leader I (plan & design stage)/Road plan II

Takeharu KOBA 1.67 0.70

2.40Team leader/ Road plan I

Toshihiro HOTTA1.70 0.70

2 3 4 5 Foreign Domestic8 9 10 11 12 110 11 12 1 2 34 5 6 7 8 910 11 12 1 2 34 5 6 7 8 9

Yoshio ITO 0.00 3.27 3.27Subsidiary facility plan

Yuji SORAYAMA0.00 4.33 4.33

Struactual design

Masatosi BABA 0.00 8.17 8.17Road design

4.83Subsidiary facility plan

Kiyotaka MIYAKE 2.00 2.83

Ryo WATANABE 0.00 2.00 2.00Cost estimation II

5.60Supervision plan& cost estimation I

Isao TAKAHASHI 1.77 3.83

1.00Procurement survey

kenji OHARA 0.70 0.30

3.13Tender document

Islamnural HASHIMOTO2.33 0.80

1.00Natural survey (geography & geology)

Ryuichi OIKAWA 1.00 0.00

1.80Environmental & social consideration

Mamoru SHIBATA1.50 0.30

10.43Sub-leader II (implementationstage)

Kazushi HONMA5.13 5.30

0.90Team leader

Toshihiro HOTTA 0.60 0.30

0.47Cordination/ road plan (support)

Gaku ADACHI 0.47 0.00

Hisayuki YAMAMOTO 0.00 0.60 0.60Tender document (Support)

3.57Supervision (subsidiary facility)

Isao TAKAHASHI 2.17 1.40

2.14Supervision (pavement)


2.60Bidding work (support)

Kiyoshi IIDA 2.60 0.00

2.36Sub-leader

Tetsuo YATSU0.83 1.53

11.10Supervision (pavement)

Yoshio YABE5.20 5.90

0.27Supervision plan (safety)


7.07Design modification Michiya NAGURA 3.87 3.20

0.20Bidding work (support) II

Masatugu KOMIYA 0.20 0.00

8.97Supervise V (resident)

Kazuo KATO 7.57 1.40

0.77Supervise IV (resident)

Kenji TAKAHASHI 0.77 0.00

25.23Supervise III (resident)

Koji MASUDA / Masatosi BABA20.90 4.33

Yasuhiro YAMAUCHI0.00 0.33 0.33

CD management III

1.47CD management II

Akihiro SIMOMURA0.97 0.50

5.16Supervise VI (resident)

Michiya NAGURA 4.53 0.63

2.00Subsidiary facility design

Yoshio ITO 0.00 2.00

2.43Road design

Toshihiko AIZAWA 1.60 0.83

2.40Natural survey (geography)

Yoichi HAMATSU 1.87 0.53

2.84CD (design)

Michiya NAGURA 1.67 1.17

0.23Environmental & socialconsideration

Kiyotaka MIYAKE0.23 0.00

0.50Environmental &social consideration II

Asami KABASAWA0.00 0.50

0.86CD (supervision & maintenance)

Koji MASUDA0.33 0.53

5.56CD (supervision & maintenance)


1.50CD (procurement)Ryo WATANABE 1.00 0.50

3.57Sub-leader/ CD (road design)


0.50Cordination II

Takafumi KAWAI 0.50 0.00

0.67Design review IIKiyotaka MIYAKE

0.67 0.00

1.36CD (pavement)Masatosi BABA 0.53 0.83

1.37CD (bridge design)Isao TAKAHASHI

0.57 0.80

2.10Sub-leader/ project planning


1.00CD (maintenance II horizontal development)

Masatosi BABA 0.60 0.40

0.17CD (maintenance IIhorizontal development)


3.53CD (maintenance I/ procurement)

Susumu TANAKA 1.60 1.93

2.23CD (horizontal development/ maintenance)

Masatosi BABA 0.00 2.23

2.57CD (horizontal development/ pavement)

Susumu TANAKA 0.00 2.57

0.33Japan-training management


0.33Bridge desihn

Isao TAKAHASHI0.00 0.33

2.67Road design IIIJihoon Leem 0.00 2.67

2.23Road design IIMasatosi BABA 0.00 2.23

.


4-5

4-2 Records of Training

The training implementation records are shown in Table 4-2-1.

Table 4-2-1 Training Implementation Records

Name of Training Summary Executing Time

（Days）

Number of

trainees Location

Orientation for CD

Explanation on overall CD program, part of each training course and horizontal development

July 2012

(5 days)

20 Kabul

Design 1 Local survey plan, method of drawing, and preparation of road structure standard drawings and glossary of road terms (English-Dari)

August 2012

（10 days）

14 Kabul

Design 2 September 2012

（10 days）

14 Kabul

Procurement Outline of procurement, procurement law, standard tender document, Standard work contract conditions issued by PPU, and practice on completion inspection

November-December 2012

（15 days）

13 Kabul

Supervision 1 Quality control and progress control, and preparation of execution supervision cases

September 2012

（7 days）

12 Kabul

Supervision 2 October 2012

（9 days）

12 Kabul

Supervision 3 November 2012

（9 days）

12 Kabul

Maintenance 1 Summary of road maintenance, road resister, road patrol & inspection, diagnosis of damaged road pavement & repair, and practice on site

September 2013

（8 days）

16 Delhi

Maintenance 2 November 2013

（9 days）

18 Delhi

Maintenance 3 January-February 2014

（11 days）

18 Delhi

Maintenance training in Japan

Japanese cases of maintenance management system and implementation way, observation of related agencies and construction site (Tokyo regional legal affairs bureau, Saitama city office, Tokyo

ring road No.20, Saitama city road, national road No.20, Minato Ward way ）

March 2014

（6 days）

4 Tokyo

Follow up 1:

horizontal development

for maintenance

Confirmation and correction about problems by monitoring the situation on developing the knowledge acquired by trainees horizontally to other staff

August 2014

（4 days）

5 Tokyo

Follow up 2: November 2014 6 Tokyo


4-6


for maintenance

（4 days）

Follow up 3:


for maintenance

January 2015

（4 days）

6 Tokyo

Project planning 1

Composition of project plan and way of making, and practice of project planning

January 2015

（4 days）

3 Tokyo

Project planning 2

March 2015

（4 days）

3 Delhi

4-3 Records of Procured Equipment

The records of equipment procured in this sub-project are shown in Table 4-3-1. The total cost was approx. 610,000 JPY.

Table 4-3-1 Equipment Records

JPY USD

1 Drive Recorder System with GPS X-Driven DRS1100 2 81,900 GKD PP Survey

2 Digital Camera Olympus TG-810 Koichiro 2 97,512 GKD Supervision

3 Coating Thickness Measure STW-8200Ⅱ 1 367,815 GKD Supervision

4 Dynamic None Penetrometer D6951-03 1 620 KM CD

547,227 620

※ GKD: Greater Kabul Development Project OfficeKM: Kabul MunicipalityPP: Pilot ProjectCD: Capacity Development

Placeof Use

Purposeof Use

Equipment Detail QuantityCost

4-4 Records of Sub-Contract

The records of sub-contract closed in this sub-project are shown in Table 4-4-1. The total amount was approx. 187,909 USD.


4-7

Table 4-4-1 Sub-Contract Records

No Name of Sub-Contract Contents Sub-ContractorAmount(USD)

1 Natural Condition Survey 1PP Phase-1 & Phase-2Simple Survey, CBR Test

Oriental Pacific ConstructionCo., Ltd.(OPCC)

31,000.00

2 Natural Condition Survey 2PP Phase-2 (only P2-4)Topographic Survey

Builders International GroupL.L.C.(BIG)

960.00

3 Natural Condition Survey 3PP Phase-2 (except P2-4)Topographic Survey

Zurmat Group 25,627.00

4 Natural Condition Survey 4East-West RoadTopographic Survey, BM Survey

Imtiaz Group Construction 60,990.00

East-West RoadRoute Survey, Detail Survey

26,976.00

East-West RoadAdditional Detail Survey

3,440.00

6 Traffic Volume SurveyPP Phase-1 & Phase-2Traffic Volume Survey

Aria Pacific ConstructionCompany(APCC)

4,300.00

7Supprt for PreparingAbbreviated ResettlementAction Plan

East-West RoadObstacles Survey


12,500.00

8 Pavement Remedial Work

CD2Provision of ExperiencedPersonnel & Equipment forRemedial Work

Galaxy Sky ConstructionCompany(GSCC)

6,279.12

9 Natural Condition Survey 6East-West RoadGeotechnical Investigation


15,837.00

187,909.12

5 Natural Condition Survey 5Builders International GroupL.L.C.(BIG)

Total

4-5 List of Trainees

The chairman of the counterpart was the Mayor, Mr. M.Y. Nawandish, and the following two deputy mayors participated in the sub-project as needed.

Mr. Ab. Wahid Ahad Technical Deputy Mayor Mr. Mohd Aslam Akrami Administrative Deputy Mayor

The trainees involved in the activities of this sub-project are shown in Table 4-5-1.


4-8

Table 4-5-1 List of Trainees

OJT f

or

Pla

nnin

g&D

esi

gn

OJT f

or

Sup

erv

isio

n

PM

U

Superv

isio

n C

D

CD

I

HD

Tra

inin

g

in India

Tra

inin

g

in J

apan

HD

Surv

ey &

Desi

gn

Pro

ject

Pla

nnin

g

1 Mohad Yasin Hellal PCD WG ○ ◎ ◎ ○2 Azizullah Aziz PCD SG ○3 Abdul Fatah Salah PCD SG ◎ ○ ◎ ○4 Ali Sina Haidary PCD SG ◎5 Mahmood Pamir PCD SG ◎ ◎6 Mehrabudin Shahab PCD SG ○7 Parween Ameen PCD SG ◎8 Arif CPID WG ○9 Zekria CPID WG ○ ○

10 Azizullah Aziz CPID WG ◎ ○11 Ahmad Shoib CPID SG ○12 Farhad Ahmadi CPID SG ◎ ○ ○13 Mohd Nabi (Fayaz) CPID SG ◎ ◎ ○14 Abdul Ahmad CPID SG ◎ ○15 Adila (Safi) CPID SG ◎ ○16 Ahmad Farid Yusofi CPID SG ◎ ○17 Faraid Ahmad Yusofi CPID SG ◎ ○18 Mohammad Tawab Safi CPID SG ○ ◎ ○19 Faiz Ahmad CPID SG ◎20 Mustafa Salihi CPID SG ◎ ○21 Najiballah Roshan CPID SG ◎ ○22 Mohad Shafiq Akram CPID SG ○23 Ziaurhman CPID SG ○24 Sayed Atiq CPID SG ○25 Faridon Ghaiasi CPID SG ○26 Mohammad Rahim Ibrahimi CPID SG ○27 Vahed (WG) CCD WG ○28 Hshmatullah Jabarkhil CCD WG ◎29 Naseer Ahmad Rayz CCD WG ○30 M. Ajmal Arab CCD SG ○31 Mujtaba Stanikzai CCD SG ◎ ◎ ◎ ○32 Ahmad Shafiq CCD SG ◎33 Ahmad Naveed Shams CCD SG ○34 Abdul Satar Alamy CCD SG ◎ ○35 Ahmad Naveed Shams CCD SG ◎36 Mohad Muzafar Pamir MD WG ○ ◎ ◎37 Zekria Hadira MD SG ○38 Obidullah Wafa MD SG ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎39 Ehsanulla Mohammadi MD SG ◎ ◎ ◎40 Wahidullah Bayat MD SG ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎41 Abdul Raouf sharifi MD SG ◎42 Sayed Atif Sadat MD SG ◎

9

3 2 2 5 20 90 23 4 110 15 3

LEGEND ○: Participants◎: Certified Participants

ABBREVIATION PMU: Project Management UnitHD: Holizontal DevelopmentPCD: Policy & Coordination DepartmentCPID: City Planning & Implementation DepartmentCCD: Construction Control DepartmentMD: Maintenance DepartmentWG: Working Group (Manager Class)SG: Sub Group

NOTE

CD I

1

23

5

Staffs of District Office

The number of trainees involved in Holizontal Development are excluding the trainees of maintraining provided by the experts.

72

CD II CDIII

Total Numbers of Participants

WG

/SG

Depart

ment

Nam

e

No

Pilot Project

26

16

33

15

Chapter 5 Achievement of Activities


5-1

Achievement of Activities Chapter 5

5-1 Outcomes of the Activities

Manuals and Textbooks Prepared in Activities 5-1-1

Sixteen (16) manuals were prepared through the activities in each stage of the Sub-Project and submitted to JICA. Moreover, forty-two (42) handouts were prepared and distributed to the trainees of the CD by the Japanese experts in the activities in each stage of the Sub-Project. The textbooks were used as reference materials to conduct the horizontal development activities by the trainees.

Table 5-1-1 and Table 5-1-2 show the lists of manuals and handouts

Table 5-1-1 List of Manuals

No Title Category Language 1 Guideline for Project Planning Project Planning English/Dari 2 Draft Project Plan Project Planning English/Dari 3 Draft Application Forms for Grant Aid & Technical Cooperation Project Planning English 4 Glossary of Road Technical Terms Design English/Dari 5 Road Structure Standard Drawing Design English

6 Procedure for Procurement and Preparation of Standard Documents Procurement English/Dari 7 Contract Management Procurement English 8 Execution Supervision Cases Supervision English 9 Supervision Manual for Road Works Supervision English

10 Inventory List of KM Equipment Maintenance English 11 New Organization for Maintenance Department Maintenance English

12 Procedure of Creating Road Register Maintenance English/Dari 13 Procedure of Road Patrol Maintenance English/Dari 14 Procedure for Diagnosis of Road Surface Maintenance English/Dari 15 Method of Major Remedial Works to Asphaltic Pavement Maintenance English/Dari 16 Procedure of Creating Annual Repair Plan for Pavement Maintenance English/Dari

Table 5-1-2 List of Handouts

No Title Kind of Activity

Category Language

1 Safety Control PP Supervision English 2 General Orientation for CDI CDI Orientation English 3 Outline of Pilot Project CDI Orientation English 4 Design CDI Survey/Design English 5 Supervision and Road Maintenance CDI Survey/Design English

6 Procurement CDI Procurement English 7 Reaction Evaluation Sheet CDI other English 8 Orientation CD II Orientation English 9 Action Plan CD II Maintenance English

10 Horizontal Development Plan CD II Maintenance English 11 Job Improvement Plan (draft) CD II Maintenance English

12 Practice of Road Survey and Road Geometric Design CD II Survey/Design English 13 Report on Regular Inspection CD II Maintenance English 14 Report on Patching Work CD II Maintenance English 15 Position of Maintenance in Road Administration CD II Maintenance English 16 Function of Road Register CD II Maintenance English 17 Action Plan for Road Maintenance CD II Maintenance English


5-2

18 Diagnosis-Damage Practice CD II Maintenance English 19 Patrol CD II Maintenance English 20 Pavement Construction CD II Maintenance English

21 Maintenance and Repair CD II Maintenance English 22 Overview of CD II CD II Maintenance English 23 Function of Road Register CD II Maintenance English 24 Patrol & Inspection CD II Maintenance English 25 Patrol Practice CD II Maintenance English 26 Study of Road Maintenance in Japan CD II Maintenance English

27 Common Distresses on Flexible Pavement CD II Maintenance English 28 Position of maintenance in Road Administration CD II Maintenance English 29 Training of Remedial Work CD II Maintenance English 30 Procurement CD II Procurement English 31 Construction Management CD II Maintenance English 32 Challenge in KM/maintenance Department CD II Maintenance English

33 Underground Utility CD II Maintenance English

34 Road and Bridge Design Parameters CD III Survey & Design

Management English/Dari

35 Summary of Road Design CD III Survey & Design


36 Summary of Bridge Design CD III Survey & Design


37 Outline Design Outcome CD III Survey & Design

Management English

38 Check Lists for Topographic Survey CD III Survey & Design


39 Check Lists for Geotechnical Investigation CD III Survey & Design


40 Check Lists for Road Design CD III Survey & Design


41 Check Lists for Bridge Design CD III Survey & Design

Management English/Dari 42 Orientation for Project Planning CD III Project Planning English

Almost all the technical reference documents have been use in every stage (project planning, survey & design, procurement, supervision, maintenance) of the actual road construction projects done by KM. On the other hand, the textbooks are going to be used for the horizontal development activity within the departments of KM after the completion of the Sub-Project.

Organizational Level Outcome 5-1-2

One of the goals of the CD is to achieve a systematic project implementation between the related departments of KM. In fact this why trainees selected from the four related departments formed one group and trained together. By taking the training together, the trainees could understand how their jobs are interrelated. As a result, the personal relationship and communication between the related departments were improved, and the actual work has been systematically conducted together with the other related departments in KM.

At the beginning of the Sub-Project, it was recognized that actual patrol and repair works, which are the duties of the Maintenance Department of KM, were not done. Most of the staff of the Maintenance Department were engaged in construction works and therefore did not do any regular and planned maintenance works. Through the practice of CD II, the trainees acquired knowledge on the way of maintenance, based on which they began to carry out the maintenance works. This has led to the establishment of a new section, a road maintenance section, by the decision of the Mayor. A plan to expand the new maintenance section is now waiting for the official approval of the presidential office.


5-3

This is an organizational level outcome of the capacity development.

Public Information and Standardization of Roads Constructed in PP 5-1-3

It was introduced by the Mayor of KM many times in the donor’s meetings hosted by the Mayor that the PP roads were completed with its high quality comparing before and after the completion of the road. Moreover, several pictures of the completed PP roads appeared in pamphlets and calendars published by MK.

KM intends to apply the drawings and specifications used in the PP as a standard for road construction projects supported by international organizations such as the World Bank and other donors.

5-2 Lessons

At the beginning, it was found difficult for the trainees to participate in CD trainings while doing their regular office jobs. However, after awarding the completion certificates for CD I, the understanding of KM was deepened and the attendance of the trainees was secured.

The CD trainings were forced to shorten the training time by the frequent restrictions on the movement of Japanese experts by JICA due to security concerns. Moreover, the CD trainings were conducted in third countries and Japan after the Japanese experts were prohibited from travelling to Afghanistan, and this created a big burden for the trainees.

The supervision management was also carried out remotely from Japan and India because of the travel restriction. However, a close communication was kept with a supervision team comprised of national staff and clear instruction was made to the team. Moreover, a new implementation system to receive the reports directly from the three contractors, who came to also to India to receive instruction, was established. In this case, the job performance ability and role of the national staff were highly satisfied, and KM did not face any serious problems under this system.

5-3 Impressive Efforts in Supervision

Technical Efforts 5-3-1

Grating Cover for Side Ditch (1)

In the original design of side ditch along the main roads, precast recast concrete cover was planned considering the removal of the cover when cleaning inside the ditch. However, being designed against a heavy live load, the concrete cover weighed 220kg per piece, which can not be opened manually. Taking account of insufficient inlet of the concrete cover for road surface water as well as the heavy weight, installation of grating cover in lieu of concrete cover was decided. Grating cover was also requested by KM.

Investigation on the existing grating cover recently installed by another donor was conducted. The gratings were found distorted, removed and rusted although they have been installed during last 2 years. The defects were considered to be due to insufficient strength of steel members and welding.

A new grating cover was designed against heavy live load of 8t (concentrated wheel load) taking the easiness of fabrication and welding into. The grating cover is galvanized and furnished with anti-theft device. Two grating cover, each with dimensions of L x W=500 x 750mm, and weight of 50kg, were installed at every 3m along the ditch so as to clean the ditch in between grating covers.

Eight (8) grating manufacturers located in and near Kabul City were examined and evaluated in terms of their capability, facilities and quality control by means of factory visit, proposal and submission of prototype of grating. Three (3) manufacturers out of the eight (8) were found capable of manufacturing the required grating cover. Contractors were then instructed to use one or more of the 3 manufactures as the nominated sub-contractor(s). One manufacturer was eventually chosen by the Contractors. The selected grating manufacturer fabricated 6,165 sets (12,330 pieces) of grating covers din 12 months (from November, 20112 to October, 2013).


5-4

One inspector assigned by the consultant was fully engaged in inspection of grating manufacturing. The fabricated dimensions, welding performance and thickness of galvanization of grating covers randomly sampled from every comprising 50 pieces were checked and inspected.

According to KM, the Grating Cover will be standardized for Kabul City roads.

Existing Grating Fabrication of Grating

Checking Dimensions Checking thickness of Galvanization

Installation of Grating Completion of Grating

Figure 5-3-1 Photographs of Grating

LED Street Lighting (2)

High Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamp, which is ordinarily used for highway lighting in Japan, was planned in the original design. LED lamp was decided to be used in place of HPS lamp as strongly requested by KM for saving energy.


5-5

A product of Turkey (ODK-S-2-54, ODALED), which has been so far the most popular in Kabul City, was chosen for LED lamp. Based upon characteristic (brightness) of the product, the number of lamps (distance and height of lamps) necessary to meet minimum requirement of luminance on the road surface was calculated. Total number of the street lighting poles is 578 in total, 252 for single lamp and 163 for double lamps.

LED serves longer and saves power more than HPS. By installing LED lamps KM could save USD859 per lamp, approximately USD500,000 in total, in 5 years of the maintenance cost.

LED Lamps Installation of LED Lamp

Completion of LED Street Lighting

Figure 5-3-2 Photographs of LED Lighting

Stabilization of Sub-soil (3)

The existing main roads in Phase-2A near Kabul River were constructed in the days of the former Soviet Union. The roads were paved by 250 to 300mm thick concrete. Being so deteriorated by cracks and depression existing everywhere, it was decided to remove totally the concrete pavement.

Soft material composed of organic clay existed underneath the concrete pavement. The soft material (expected N value was 0 to 5) was removed and replaced by suitable material in order to stabilize the subgrade. The maximum depth of the replacement was 2.0m from the ground.

In other roads where unsuitable materials with CBR of less than 5% were found, stabilization of subgrade was carried out. The method of stabilization is cement mixing (50kg cement per 1m3 soil),which has economical advantage, for community roads where the traffic can be controlled easily, and replacement by suitable material for main roads.


5-6

Cracks, settlement and depression on the pavement may be in most cases caused by the weakness of sub-soil. The stabilization of sub-soil allowed KM to save maintenance cost of the roads.

Removal of Existing Concrete Pavement Replacement of Sub-soil

Cement Mixing

Figure 5-3-3 Photographs of Sub-soil

Main Road P2-1 (4)

Many important facilities and buildings such as JICA Afghanistan Office, Ministry of Defense, National Security, ISAF, US and other countries’ embassies and Presidential Palace are located along or nearby main road P2-1. The area is strictly controlled by security forces. Although it was planned to improve this road, which is extensively damaged, at the planning stage, it was once dropped from the project due to the high security conditions.

However, KM strongly requested JICA to implement the rehabilitation of the road at the construction stage. As a result, the works commenced under a lot of restrictions in mobilization of the equipment and materials, working hours and so on; all the involved workers had also to be registered. The works were suspended from time to time by the order of the authority for security (terrorism) concerns. When a terror attack actually targeted the American CIA near the road on June 25, 2013, the area entrance was restricted for 4 days. The works also faced a lot of the other issues to be solved. Time was needed to discuss with the administrators who own underground facilities or utilities such as light fiber cables, telephone and water supply pipes, and utilities installed on the ground within ROW such as electric poles and T-barriers (Protective concrete wall against terrorism with 4m height) which were obstacles to the rehabilitation works of the road.

The works had to be suspended when T-barriers fell down and hit a worker to death, and when some of the residents against the road project obstructed the works.

Staffs and the Contractor tackled and overcame the difficulties with supports from KM.


5-7

“This is my road” said the Mayor to the relevant authorities and people opposing the road project in an impressive way.

Existing P2-1 Road Underground Utilities

Concrete Pavement to protect Utilities Removal of T-barriers

Figure 5-3-4 Photographs of P2-1

Other Technical Efforts (5)

There were some other technical efforts such as 1- Improvement of drainage system along the main roads, 2- Installation of cover on side ditch in front of the entrance of residential houses along the community roads for their convenience.

Non-technical Efforts 5-3-2

Education for National Staffs (NS) (1)

It was firstly necessary to train NS who were to supervise directly the project. TOR describing tasks and responsibility for each position in detail has been prepared to make them clear. Lectures on Conditions of Contract and Specification were held periodically. NS have been trained through OJT too.

As mentioned in Chapter 3, the employment period stated in the agreement was set at 3 months. Quarterly interview was had with every NS member to discuss the achievement during the last period and set up target for the next period. Salary has been raised up or cut down depending on the achievement to give the NS incentives.

From the view point of technical transfer, NS have gained a lot of knowledge and skills as a supervisor. Their growth appeared while JICA experts left Kabul to remotely supervise the construction work. NS understood clearly and adhered to what they are supposed to do as supervisors.


5-8

Direction and Guidance to Local Contractors (2)

Contractors had neither experience of works conditioned by FIDIC nor knowledge about the specifications. They had poor skills in preparing detailed design too. JICA experts had to teach them step by step how to properly prepare the drawings.

Contractor had to submit 4 kinds of plans prior to the commencement of works: Method of Statement describing method of construction, construction sequence, equipment and materials for use and schedule of manpower, Overall Schedule, Quality Control Plan, and Safety Control Plan. Contractors failed to submit the above four plans or submitted them with poor contents although there was some deference among contractors.

Contractors have been directed on how to prepare the plans by showing samples. Contractors have been also directed on how to refer to Conditions of Contract and Specification for individual matters at a weekly meeting.

It was thoroughly confirmed with NS and Contractors that the works and proposals shall be rejected in principle unless they comply with Conditions of Contract and Specifications. The table below shows evaluation of each contractor about their performance before and after the works.

Table 5-3-1 Evaluation of Contractors(Score out of 100)

Contractors have improved through PP the skills of construction management and understanding of Conditions of Contract and Specifications.

Other Supports and Applause from KM (3)

Technical Transfer has been explained in Chapter 3. The other supports to KM and applause given by KM are introduced hereunder.

Presentation of PP at Donor Meeting 1)

In a donor meeting organized by KM once every 2 months, PP was introduced 4 times by showing the progress on works and technical efforts. PP was highly evaluated by other donors as well as KM.

Technical Evaluation by the Third Party 2)

The roads constructed by PP were surveyed by Technical Advisory Committee, Ministry of Economy (survey on quality of infrastructure work executed by donors) for 3 days. In the report, PP was highly evaluated in terms of the quality emphasizing sub-soil stabilization.

KAC（Phase-1) GSCC(Phase-2A) UBCC(Phase-2B)

Method of Statement 20 50 30

Programme 20 60 40

Quality Control Plan 0 70 0 0：no submission

Safety Plan 0 50 0 0：no submission

Average Score 10 57.5 17.5

Detail Design 50 80 50

Work Progress 60 80 60

Quality Control 50 80 60

Safety Control 60 40 80GSCC: 2 seriousaccidents

Average Score 55 70 62.5

Actual Works(final

achievement)

ItemContractor

Remarks

Plan(before works)


5-9

Calendar Issued by KM 3)

Pictures of PP were used for 4 months in the calendar of 2014 published by KM.

Figure 5-3-5 Calendar

Supervision Manual 4)

Supervision Manual summarizing all procedures and standards details in supervision of Road Works was prepared for KM, the employer. The manual was distributed to all trainees of CD program and explained at CD seminar held in Delhi. Comprehension test was carried out after the seminar. The tables and figure below show the result of the test.

Table 5-3-2 Results of Comprehension Test on Supervision Seminar

Score NumberMunicipalityDepartment

AverageScorePoint

100 0 CCD 62.8

90-99 0 PCD 60.0

80-89 0 MD 53.0

70-79 4 CP 50.4

60-69 2 Average 56.6

50-59 5

40-49 3 Highest 79

30-39 2 Lowest 27

20-29 1

10-19 0

0-9 0

Total 17


5-10

Figure 5-3-6 Frequency of Score

Chapter 6 Suggestions


6-1

Chapter 6 Suggestions

6-1 Issues KM Should Tackle

Promotion of Road Improvement based on International Standard 6-1-1

KM is required to utilize actively the materials and methods regarding survey & design, procurement and supervision prepared in the PP activities following an international standard in the future road construction projects of KM and promote effective and fair high quality road improvement. In fact it has been often found that it is challenging for the KM officials to use these materials on their own. The international standardization is expected to be more promoted in KM through enhancing the understanding of the KM officials.

Continuous Implementation of Horizontal Development 6-1-2

One of the problems common to all departments related to road construction works in KM is that the officials lack expertise, skill and experience. The reason is that they have few training opportunities to acquire the knowledge and skills as well as to participate in the actual road construction. Accordingly, it is necessary to involve the trainees in the PP and the CD activities, and the trainees should give lessons steadily and continuously on acquired knowledge and skill to other officials which as a horizontal development in KM. Especially in the Maintenance Department, the trainees have duty to carry out the horizontal development activities according to the action plan prepared by them covering three years, from 2015 to 2017, after the completion of the Sub-Project.

Promotion of Systematic Project Implementation Procedures 6-1-3

Direct causes of the core problem have been “unsystematic project implementation procedures” (project planning – survey – design – procurement – supervision – maintenance). However, since the trainees from the several related departments participated in all fields of the CD, the knowledge and skills were shared with the other departments and the communication between the related departments are promoted. Based on the such achievements, it is required to promote the establishment of a systematic project implementation procedure more than ever in KM through implementing actual road works

Reinforcement of Project Implementation Systems 6-1-4

Application, Development and Standardization of Supervision Manual (1)

Supervision Manual not only shows the standard procedure of supervision but also proposes system or roles of how four departments work functionally from Design, Procurement and Supervision to Maintenance keeping in close touch. KM is suggested to apply the manual to actual projects and to develop it continuously to suit with KM’s system. The manual will hopefully be standardized in KM.

Standard Conditions of Contract and Standard Specification (2)

KM is suggested to develop Standard Conditions of Contract and Standard Specification for road project, with reference to the tender documents of PP.

Systematization of Discussion and Approval as Road Administrator (3)

KM as the road administrator is suggested to make rules for related groups or authorities to submit any facilities or utilities to be installed above or under the ground within ROW and to systematize the method of discussion and approval about working and mining in the vicinity of utilities.

Development of Safety Consciousness (4)

KM is suggested to make various efforts such as establishment of safety regulation and conducting continuous safety education by specialist in order to develop safety consciousness of all workers at


6-2

the construction site.

6-2 Future Projects

KM is required to implement the projects mentioned below which are not included in the Sub-Project.

Improvement of Rainwater Drain Network 6-2-1

The central area of Kabul City is geographically quite flat and accordingly it has less cross gradient on existing roads; and also there is only one river called “Kabul River” to which the rainwater drainage ditches are connected. Only one main drainage canal exists on the northern part of the airport. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to drain rainwater in the urban areas of Kabul City (especially in the 10th ward) which are placed between Kabul River and the main drainage canal. On this issue, the rainwater drainage network improvement plan is mentioned in the “Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan” in the report of “Emergency Infrastructure Reconstruction Project (EIRP), Sanitation Improvements in Kabul City” which is prepared by the World Bank in 2006; however no information regarding the progress of implementation of this plan has been heard until now. Whenever the roads are flooded in the rainy season, KM becomes busy responding to complaints from the residents. From the fact that there is no choice but improve main drainage canal to solve this problem, it is expected to realize an improvement of main drainage canal as soon as possible.

The PP road parts that could not drain the water in the ditch are also flooded; especially the area of intersection located in the northwest edge of P1-1 is flooded too much. To drain the water in this area, it is necessary to construct a 2 km drainage channel along the existing road from the north-west end of P1-1 to the existing main channel in the north as shown in Figure 6-2-1. In this case, the channel has to cross a main road as well as pass through private lands partially, and this may be challenging.

Figure 6-2-1 Location of Proposed Ditch


6-3

Traffic Control 6-2-2

It is effective and recommendable for KM to conduct a systematic traffic control as well as a new road improvement to solve the traffic congestion in an urban area of Kabul City. Most of traffic congestion in Kabul City occurs at some of the intersections. The causes of traffic congestion in Kabul city are as follows:

1- Improper geometry

2- Hand-signaling control (which is leading to poor performance)

3- Insufficient capacity of the intersections

The improper geometry and traffic control issues mentioned above could be overcome through installing traffic signals and making a simple revision of the geometry structure within the ROW.

CD for Maintenance 6-2-3

CD II provided capacity development with an emphasis on the technical skill of the maintenance. Currently a new maintenance section is established in MD, and the budget and staffs are going to increase. To conduct the future road maintenances systematically under the new maintenance section, further technical assistances are required from the viewpoints of the Maintenance Planning, Budget Planning, Administrative Structure and Human Resource Development.

Chapter 7 List of Collected Documents


7-1

List of Collected Documents Chapter 7 The Table 7-1-1 shows the list of documents collected in the activities.

Table 7-1-1 List of Collected Documents

Name of Documents Date of Publication

Publisher

Kabul Urban Road Improvement Project (KURIP) - Drawings - Technical Specification

Jun-Aug 2009 World Bank

Kabul Urban Reconstruction Project (KURP) - Standard Specification

Aug 2006 World Bank

Emergency Infrastructure Reconstruction Project (EIRP) Sanitation Improvements in Kabul City - Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan Draft Report

Jan 2006 World Bank

Interim Road and Highway Standard Mar 2005 Ministry of Public Works Environment and Social Impact Assessment － National Environment

Protection Agency (NEPA) Standard Bidding Documents Jan 2011 Procurement Policy Unit

(PPU) under Ministry of Finance

Traffic Sign Manual － Traffic Department under Ministry of Interior Affairs

Afghanistan Building Codes (ABC) - Highway & Street Geometric Design Code - Structure Code - Bridge Design Code Part 1 & 2

2012 Afghan National Standards Authority

Chapter 8 Report List


8-1

Report List Chapter 8 The table 8-1-1 shows the reports prepared in the Sub-Project and submitted to JICA.

Table 8-1-1 Report List

Date of submission

Report Language

Aug. 2010 Inception Report English, Japanese Sep. 2010 Summary of field survey results Japanese Oct. 2010 Progress Report (1) ※including a conceptual drawing English, Japanese May 2011 Summary of procurement Japanese Jun. 2011 Tender document for Phase-1 of PP English Oct. 2011

Progress Report (2) ＊Design and its descriptions, Tender document, Report on

budding result, etc. on Phase-1 of PP

English, Japanese (including CD-ROM)

Dec. 2011 Tender document for Phase-2 of PP English Mar. 2012 Progress Report (3)

＊Interim report on Phase-1 of PP ＊Design and its descriptions, Tender document, Report on

budding result, etc. on Phase-2 of PP ＊As a supplement to the report, a summary of design for the

routes targeted by the donors or grant aid cooperation, referring to the JICA’s guideline on a grant aid cooperation report, was prepared.


Dec. 2012 Tender Reference Documents on the Project for Improvement of East-West Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul

English

Feb. 2013 Outline design report on the Project for Improvement of East-West Arterial Road and Community Road in Northern Area of Kabul

English, Japanese

Mar. 2013 Progress Report (4) ＊Interim report on Phase-1 and Phase-2 of PP ＊CDI program and its implementation situation ＊As a supplement to the report, Tender Reference Document

was prepared for the routes targeted by the donors or grant aid cooperation.


May 2014

Progress Report (5) ＊Report of completion inspection for Phase-1 and Phase-2 of PP ＊Implementation situation of CD I (horizontal development and

monitoring) ＊CDII program and its implementation situation (including

training in Japan) ＊Plan of road & bridge CD and its implementation situation


Oct. 2014 Progress Report (6) ＊Implementation situation of CD II (horizontal development,

monitoring) ＊Implementation situation of road & bridge CD ＊Interim report on Phase-1 and Phase-2 of PP (defect

inspection)


Apr. 2015 Drawings and Bill of Quantities for outline design review on road & bridge improvement

English

May 2015 Sub-Project Completion Report ＊Report of design and its drawings regarding the outline design

review about road & bridge improvement is included.


＊NOTE ：submitted as a supplement volume