kansas ltap proven safety countermeasures webinar series · 2017. 12. 4. · kansas ltap proven...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kansas LTAP
Proven Safety CountermeasuresWebinar Series
November 14, 28, and December 5, 201710:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. CST
1
![Page 2: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WELCOMEPresenter:
Mehrdad Givechi, PE, PTOEProgram [email protected]
Hosted by Kansas LTAP
Contact: Kristin Kelly, MPAEducation Program Coordinator (785) [email protected]
2
![Page 3: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Agenda:• History of Proven Safety Countermeasures initiative
(PSCi)
• Intersections
• Roadway Departures
• Pedestrians & Bicycles
• Crosscutting Strategies
3
![Page 4: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Version 1.0 was initiated in 2008
• Version 2.0 released in 2012
• Version 3.0 released in 2017
A Brief History of the PSCi
4
![Page 5: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• First nine “proven safety countermeasures” 3 related to intersection safety 3 related to roadway departure safety 2 related to pedestrian and bicycle safety 1 crosscutting strategy
• Envisioned as a means to boost systemic implementation
• Began tracking implementation progress
PSCi Version 1.0
5
![Page 6: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Retained four of the original nine PSCs
• Added five new countermeasures 2 related to intersection safety 1 related to road departure safety 2 related to pedestrian and bicycle safety
• New progress tracking approach anchored to Focus State status and SHSP Emphasis Areas
• Began tracking implementation progress
PSCi Version 2.0
6
![Page 7: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
FHWA formed working groups to review the PSCi
• First group evaluated the overall initiativesWidely popular and has established a valued brand Consensus to continue the PSCi with minor tweaks
• Second group vetted candidates for the update Identified and evaluated 31 candidate countermeasures and strategies
PSCi Version 3.0
7
![Page 8: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Six new countermeasures were added 2 related to intersection safety 1 related to roadway departure safety 1 related to pedestrian and bicycle safety 2 crosscutting strategies
• Bringing the total number of PSCs to 207 related to intersection safety5 related to road departure safety5 related to pedestrian and bicycle safety3 crosscutting strategies
PSCi Version 3.0
8
![Page 9: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Reaffirming a Data-Driven Approach
“Our partners should continue to strengthen their evidence-based decision-making processes…and systemic planning approaches to make improved safety investment decisions.”
2017 PSCi Guidance Memo
PSCi Version 3.0
9
![Page 10: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Reaffirming a Data-Driven Approach
10
FHWA will continue to support States and other safety partners’ efforts to:
• Conduct appropriate analysis of quality safety data
• Use evidence-based framework for decision-making
• Use the CMF Clearinghouse to choose appropriate countermeasures
• Consider the proven safety countermeasures as viable options
![Page 11: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
FHWA Proven Safety Countermeasuresfor
Intersections
11
![Page 12: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1. Roundabouts
Roundabouts have fewer number of conflicts points compared to other conventional intersections
Safety Benefits Tw-Way Stop-Controlled Intersection to a RAB: 82% reduction in severe
crashes Signalized Intersection to a RAB: 78% reduction in severe crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) - Intersections
12
![Page 13: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
8 Vehicle Conflict Points
8 Ped. Conflicts Points
Intersection Conflict Points
![Page 14: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Roundabouts …
• Work well for heavy left turn or crossroad traffic
• Are Safe and efficient if designed properly
• Difficult for pedestrians with poor vision
• May not work well in high pedestrian traffic areas
![Page 15: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Roundabouts …
• Can have as few as three legs and as many as six legs
• Do not have to be perfectly circular. It can be oval, tear-drop, peanut or dogbane in shape
• Can be very small and simple (e.g. mini roundabout) or be very large and complex (e.g. multilane roundabouts)
![Page 16: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
![Page 17: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
![Page 18: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2. Left- and Right-turn Lanes at Two-Way Stop Controlled Intersections
Provide physical separation between turning movements and through movements
Safety Benefits Left-Turn Lanes: 28% - 48% reduction in total number of crashes Right-Turn Lanes: 14% -26% reduction in total number of crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) - Intersections
18
![Page 19: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
![Page 20: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
3. Yellow Change Interval
Properly timed yellow clearance (change) interval is one method to
protect motorists from getting trapped in the dilemma zone at signalized intersections
Safety Benefits 36% - 50% reduction in red light running crashes 8% -14% reduction in total number of crashes 12% reduction in injury crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) - Intersections
20
![Page 21: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Dilemma Zone Definition
As defined in the ITE Traffic Detector Handbook
“That portion of the roadway in advance of the intersectionwithin which a driver is indecisive regarding stopping priorto the stop line or proceeding into or through theintersection.”
![Page 22: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
![Page 23: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
![Page 24: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
4. Corridor Access Management
Balancing overall safety and corridor mobility for all users along with the access needs of adjacent land uses
Safety Benefits Along 2-Lane Rural Roads: 5% - 23% reduction in total number of
crashes Along Urban/Suburban Arterials: 25% -31% reduction in injury and fatal
crashes
PSCi (ver. 2) - Intersections
24
![Page 25: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Access Management strategies
• Driveway closure, consolidation, or relocation
• Restricted access designs (RI/RO, RI/RO/LI, Roundabout, etc)
• Turn lanes (RT, LT, TWLTL)
• Frontage Roads
![Page 26: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
![Page 27: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
![Page 28: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
![Page 29: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
![Page 30: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
![Page 31: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
![Page 32: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Positive Offset for Left-Turn Lanes
![Page 33: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Positive Offset for Left-Turn Lanes
![Page 34: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Positive Offset for Left-Turn Lanes
![Page 35: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
5. Backplates with Retroreflective Borders
Enhancing Traffic Signal Visibility by providing controlled-contrast
background
Safety Benefits 15% reduction in total number of crashes
PSCi (ver. 2) - Intersections
35
![Page 36: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
![Page 37: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
![Page 38: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
6. Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections(New)
Enhancing driver’s awareness and recognition of the intersections
Safety Benefits 10% reduction in injury and fatal crashes 15% reduction in nighttime crashes
PSCi (ver. 3) – Intersections
38
![Page 39: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Application
• Mostly signing and pavement marking enhancements
• Strategy relies on cost economy and treatment saturation
• Best suited for intersections with under 20,000 AADT total entering
![Page 40: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
![Page 41: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
![Page 42: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
![Page 43: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
7. Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersection (New)
Reducing conflict points of severe type by geometric alteration
Safety Benefits Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT): 54% reduction in injury and fatal
crashes; and 35% reduction in all crashes
Median U-Turn (MUT): 30% reduction in injury and fatal crashes; and 16% reduction in all crashes
PSCi (ver. 3) – Intersections
43
![Page 44: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
![Page 45: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
• Minor road through and left-turn movements are re-routed to downstream U-turns on major road
• Treatment of major road movements is optional
• Highly beneficial for divided high-speed highways with unsignalized at-grade intersections.
Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT)
![Page 46: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
• Major road LT is re-routed to downstream U-turns on major road• Treatment of minor road movements is optional• Beneficial at locations with high through volumes and moderate to low left-
turn volumes• Signal phasing / timing advantages at signalized intersections
Median U-Turn (MUT)
![Page 47: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
FHWA Proven Safety Countermeasuresfor
Roadway Departures
47
![Page 48: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
8. Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes along Two-Lane Highways
Increasing driver’s awareness via audible means
Safety Benefits Centerline Rumble Strips: 44% - 64% reduction in head-on, opposite-
direction and sideswipe injury and fatal crashes Shoulder Rumble Strips: 13% -51% reduction in single vehicle, run-off-
road injury and fatal crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) – Roadway Departure
48
![Page 49: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
• Rumble strips are intended to supplement pavement markings
• Adds sound and vibration to the visual benefits of painted markings
• Provides a drowsy, inattentive, or distracted driver with a clear warning that the vehicle has left travel lane
• Provides some reaction time before the vehicle leaves the road
![Page 50: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
![Page 51: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
![Page 52: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
9. Median Barrier
Reducing head-on / opposing sideswipe collisions by keeping
vehicles from crossing the median
Safety Benefits 8% of all fatalities on divided highways are due to head-on crashesMedian barriers installed on rural four-lane freeways reduce cross-
median crashes by 97%
PSCi (ver. 1) – Roadway Departure
52
![Page 53: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Types of Median Barriers
53
• Cable Barriers (Flexible)▫ High deformation and deflection▫ Absorbs most of the crash energy with little redirection▫ More adaptable to slopes in medians▫ Low installation cost
• Beam Guardrails (Semi-Rigid)▫ Some deformation and deflection▫ Absorb some of the crash energy with some redirection▫ Moderate installation cost
• Concrete Barriers (Rigid)▫ Little to no deflection▫ Absorb little crash energy with nominal redirection▫ Expensive
![Page 54: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
10. Safety Edge
Reducing edge drop-off type crashes by helping errant vehicles to
maintain and/or regain stability on roadway re-entry
Safety Benefits 11% reduction in injury and fatal crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) – Roadway Departure
54
![Page 55: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Pavement Edge Rutting and Drop-Offs
• Edge rutting occurs on all sections of roads
• Usually a small percentage of road length
• Caused by errant vehicles in conjunction with erosion
• Common in curves and near turning movements
• Mailboxes
![Page 56: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
![Page 57: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
11. Enhanced Delineation and Friction for Horizontal Curves
Reducing run-off road collisions on horizontal curves by improving visibility via delineation; and application of high skid-resistant pavement material
Safety Benefits Chevron Signs: 24% reduction in nighttime crashes, and 16% reduction in
non-intersection injury and fatal crashes High Friction Surface Treatment (HFST): 52% reduction in wet road crashes,
and 24% reduction in curve crashes
PSCi (ver. 2) – Roadway Departure
57
![Page 58: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Treatments• Advance Warning Signs▫ Curve or Turn Signs▫ Advisory Speed Plaque Sings
• Chevron Signs
• Delineators
• Pavement Markings▫ Edge line▫ Centerline
• High Friction Surface Treatment (HFST)
![Page 59: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
![Page 60: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
![Page 61: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
61
![Page 62: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
62
![Page 63: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
![Page 64: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
12. Roadside Design Improvements at Curves (New)
Providing safe recovery area along the outside of horizontal curves
Safety Benefits 27% of all fatal crashes occur at curves, 80% of which are roadway
departure crashes Increasing the clear zone at curves reduce severity of the roadway
departure crashes between 22% and 44%.
PSCi (ver. 3) – Roadway Departure
64
![Page 65: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
65
What is Clear Zone?
1. A roadside area free of dangerous fixed objects, slopes, etc.
2. Available for safe use by errant vehicles
3. May consist of a shoulder, recoverable slope, or non-recoverable (traversable) slope
![Page 66: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
• Increase Clear Zone at Curves▫ Recommended by AASHTO Roadside Design Guide▫ Proven to reduce fatal and sever injury crashes
![Page 67: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
• Improve Traversability▫ Add or widen shoulders in curves▫ Flatter slopes at curves than in tangent sections
Recoverable - 4:1 or flatter
Non-Recoverable - 3:1 to 4:1
Non-Traversable - steeper than 3:1
![Page 68: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
68
Order of Treatment1. Remove the obstacle
2. Relocate the obstacle to a safer place
3. Redesign the obstacle
4. Reduce impact severity
5. Shield with guardrail
6. Delineate to guide drivers around it
![Page 69: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
69
Relocate the Hazard
![Page 70: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
70
Redesign the Hazard• Make drainage features traversable
![Page 71: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
71
Redesign the Hazard• Make objects breakaway
Post behind stub
![Page 72: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
72
Reduce Impact Severity• Use crash cushions or impact attenuators
![Page 73: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
73
Shield with Guardrail• Deflection Distance
• Type of Guardrail▫ Flexible▫ Semi-rigid▫ Rigid
• Right Height
• Length of Need
• End Treatment
• AASHTO Roadside Design Guide
![Page 74: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
FHWA Proven Safety Countermeasuresfor
Pedestrians & Bicycles
74
![Page 75: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
13. Medians and Pedestrian Crossing Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas
Reducing crashes involving pedestrians crossing roadway
Safety Benefits Raised Median: 46% reduction in pedestrian crashes Pedestrian Refuge Island: 56% reduction in pedestrian crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) – Pedestrians & Bicycles
75
![Page 76: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
76
![Page 77: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
77
![Page 78: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
78
![Page 79: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
14. Walkways
Reducing crashes involving pedestrians walking along
roadways
Safety Benefits Sidewalks: 65% - 89% reduction in pedestrian crashes Paved Shoulders: 71% reduction in pedestrian crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) – Pedestrians & Bicycles
79
![Page 80: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
80
![Page 81: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
15. Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)(a.k.a. High intensity Activated crossWalK-HAWK)
Reducing crashes involving pedestrians crossing roadway
Safety Benefits 69% reduction in pedestrian crashes 29% reduction in total crashes 15% reduction in serious injury and fatality crashes
PSCi (ver. 2) – Pedestrians & Bicycles
81
![Page 82: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
82
![Page 83: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
83
Required minimum number of signal heads (faces) = 2 per approach On single lane approaches, install one head on the side and one over the roadway On multilane approaches
Either A signal head (face) should be installed on each side of the approach if a median of sufficient
width existsOR At least one of the signal heads (faces) should be installed over the roadway
![Page 84: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
84
Required minimum number of signal heads (faces) = 2 per approach For speeds > 35 mph OR operating conditions obstructing roadside visibility install both heads (faces) over the roadway
![Page 85: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
85
![Page 86: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
16. Road Diet (a.k.a. Road Reconfiguration)
Reducing crashes by reconfiguring roadway cross-section to provide a complete street for all road users
Safety Benefits 4-Lane to 3-Lane: 19% - 47% reduction in total crashes
PSCi (ver. 2) – Pedestrians & Bicycles
86
![Page 87: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
87
![Page 88: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Application
88
• Less than 10,000 ADT: Great candidate in most cases. Capacity will most likely not be affected
• 10,000 – 15,000 ADT: Good candidate in many cases. Conduct intersection analysis and consider signal retiming to determine any effect on capacity
• 15,000 – 20,000 ADT: Good candidate in some cases. Conduct a corridor analysis. Capacity may be affected depending on the “before” condition
• Greater than 20,000 ADT: Complete a feasibility study to determine whether this is a good candidate. There are some examples nation-wide that Road Diets have been successful with ADTs as high as 26,000. Capacity may be affected.
![Page 89: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
89
Benefits of Road Diet • Reduction in rear-end and left-turn crashes due to provision of
dedicated left-turn lane• Reduction in right-angle crashes as side street vehicles cross
less travel lanes• Fewer lanes for pedestrians to cross• Opportunity to install pedestrian refuge islands, bicycle lanes,
on-street parking, or transit stops• Traffic calming and more consistent speed• A more community-focused, “Complete Street” environment
that better accommodates the needs of all road users.
![Page 90: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
90
![Page 91: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
91
Road Diet Pro’s Road Diet Con’s
Slows TrafficEliminates speeding and merge-and-weave driving. Slower trafficin downtown areas encourages window- shopping and looking
at stores.
Slows TrafficThrough traffic travels in one lane and therefore is limited by
the speed of the slowest driver
Improves SafetyFewer crashes because left-turning movements are removed
from the through travel lane
May cause difficulty in pulling out into the roadway from adriveway or side- street if traffic volumes are high (above 15,000
vehicles per day) especially during peak hours, because of lack ofgaps in the travel lane
Ability to utilize the existing right-of-way for other purposes such as bicycle lanes, parking, or streetscape enhancements
Slight decrease in roadway capacity, due to loss of a through lane in each direction
Inexpensive roadway design fix, especially when implementedas part of an existing repaving project If road diet is on a bus route, bus stops can stop traffic
Ability to improve lane width to standard 12 ft. where roads aretoo narrow and not meeting standards.
Driver ExpectationsPeople used to driving on the road as a 4-lane will have to
get used to the 3-lane configuration
![Page 92: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
17. Leading Pedestrian Intervals (New)
Reducing crashes involving pedestrians at signalized
intersections by enhancing their visibility
Safety Benefits 60% reduction in pedestrian-vehicle crashes
PSCi (ver. 3) – Pedestrians & Bicycles
92
![Page 93: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
93
Leading Pedestrian Interval
• Pedestrians get “WALK” signal before vehicles get green light
• Provides pedestrians a 3 – 7 seconds head start before vehicles are given a green indication
• Allows pedestrians to establish presence in crosswalk before vehicles have priority to turn left and/or right
![Page 94: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
94
Benefits of Leading Pedestrian Interval
• 60% Reduction in pedestrian-vehicle crashes at intersections
• Increases visibility of crossing pedestrians
• Reduces conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles
• Increases likelihood of motorists yielding to pedestrians
![Page 95: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Guidance
95
FHWA’s Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population – Use at intersections with high turning vehicle volumes
MUTCD Chapter 4E.06 – Pedestrian Intervals and Signal Phases
![Page 96: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
FHWA Proven Safety Countermeasuresfor
All Road UsersUsing Crosscutting Strategies
96
![Page 97: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
18. Road Safety Audits (a.k.a. Road Safety Assessment)
Reducing crashes involving all road users
Safety Benefits 10% - 60% reduction in total crashes
PSCi (ver. 1) – Crosscutting Strategies
97
![Page 98: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
98
What is RSA?A road safety assessment is a
formal safety performance examination of an existing or future road or intersection
by an independent assessment team.
Formal: procedures and documentation
Safety Performance: focus on safety
Independent: no previous experience with the road
Assessment Team: general experience and specialists
![Page 99: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Traditional Road Safety Review vs. RSA
99
• Reactive• In-House Team• No Field Review• Standards Compliance
• Proactive• Independent Team• Field Reviews• Comprehensive, with
Human Factors
Traditional RSR RSA
![Page 100: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
100
• considers the safety of all road users.
• considers interactions at the limits of the project.
• examines the interaction of project elements.
• may proactively consider mitigation measures
An RSA also…
![Page 101: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
101
When do we conduct RSA?
• Pre-Construction:▫ planning / feasibility▫ preliminary (draft) design▫ detailed design
• Construction:▫ work zones▫ pre-opening
• Post-Construction/Operational:▫ existing roads / in-service roads
![Page 102: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
102
Step 1
Identify Project
RSA Responsibilities
Step 2
Select RSA Team
Step 3Conduct Start-Up Meeting
Step 4Perform
Field Review
Step 5Conduct
Analysis & Prepare Report
Step 6Present
Findings to Project
Owner
Step 7
Prepare Formal
Response
Step 8
Incorporate Findings
Design Team/Project Owner Responsibility
RSA Team Responsibility
![Page 103: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
19. Local Road Safety Plans (LRSP) (New)
Local roads experience 3 times the fatality rate than the Interstate
Highway Systems
Safety Benefits Reduction in total crashes
PSCi (ver. 3) – Crosscutting Strategies
103
![Page 104: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
104
Local Roads Safety Plan
• Developing an LRSP is an effective strategy to improve local road safety
• An LRSP is a coordinated plan that provides a comprehensive framework for reducing fatalities and serious injuries on local roads within a specific jurisdiction
• An LRSP is flexible and utilizes the 4 E’s as appropriate to establish and gain support for an agency’s local safety goals, objectives, and key emphasis areas
![Page 105: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
105
Benefits of Local Roads Safety Plan• Enhanced safety awareness among stakeholders
• Establish partnerships representing Engineering, Enforcement, Education, and Emergency medical services
• Collaboration among municipal, county, Tribal, State and/or Federal entities
• Identification of target crash types and crash risk and safety countermeasures
• Leverage Safety Funds
• Informed Safety Priorities
• Complements the State Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP)
![Page 106: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
106
Steps in LRSP Development Process• Step 1 – Establish Leadership
• Step 2 – Analyze the Safety Data
• Step 3 – Determine Emphasis Areas
• Step 4 – Identify Strategies
• Step 5 – Prioritize and Incorporate Strategies
• Step 6 – Evaluate and Update the LRSP
![Page 107: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
20. USLIMITS2 (New)
Help practitioners assess and establish safe, reasonable and
consistent speed limits
Safety Benefits Reduction in speed related crashes
PSCi (ver. 3) – Crosscutting Strategies
107
![Page 108: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
108
Why USLIMITS2?
• Speed limits need to be credible and enforceable
• Need a tool that considers all factors impacting speed and safety of road users, such as 50th and 85th percentile speeds Traffic volumes Roadway type Roadway characteristics (roadside, number of access drives, etc.) Crash data
• Need for an Expert System to improve decision making process
• Supported by FHWA and funded by AASHTO (NCHRP Project 3-67)
![Page 109: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
109
Benefits of USLIMITS2 • Free and easy to use web-based tool
• Decision rule expert system with consideration of factors impacting speeds
• Consistent, credible, enforceable speed limits
• Increase transparency of the methods used to determine speed limits
• Supports motorists’ acceptance of and compliance with speed limits
• Helps in responding to public and political concerns
• Takes out all the emotion and politics, and provides concrete and easy to understand solution to speed zoning
![Page 110: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Next Steps
110
October-November 2017Office of Safety will work with field offices to baseline current status of each NEW PSC
January 2018Begin formal efforts to advance implementation
June 2018 (and subsequent 6-mo intervals)Office of Safety will request progress updates from field offices.
![Page 111: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Available Resourceshttp://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/provencountermeasures
• 1-pager fact sheets• Slides from webinar and link to recorded session• Links to additional FHWA resources for each countermeasure
111
![Page 112: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Contacts for Further InformationIntersection Countermeasures
Jeffrey Shaw [email protected] 708-283-3524
Roadway Departure CountermeasuresMenna Yassin [email protected] 202-366-2833Cathy Satterfield [email protected] 708-283-3552
Pedestrian/Bicycle CountermeasuresTamara Redmon [email protected] 202-366-4077
Crosscutting StrategiesLRSPRosemarie Anderson [email protected] 202-366-5007RSABecky Crowe [email protected] 804-775-3381USLIMITS2Guan Xu [email protected] 202-366-5892
112
![Page 113: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
113
Copy of the slide presentation and recorded webinar sessions are available on Kansas LTAP website at
https://kutc.ku.edu/training-webinars
![Page 114: Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series · 2017. 12. 4. · Kansas LTAP Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series November 14, 28, and December 5, 2017 10:00 a.m](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070213/6108ce82b4dadf2d8e2c3f76/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Thank you
Proven Safety Countermeasures Webinar Series
114