karnataka power corporation limited (...

APRIL ,2017

PREFEASIBILITY REPORT

Consultant :

SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT (2000 MW)

KARNATAKA POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

( KPCL)

CONTENTS

Contents i

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (8 x 250 MW)

Pre-Feasibility Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.

SUB-HEADING DESCRIPTION Page No.

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Scope Of Works 4

1.3 Hydrology 5

1.4 Installed Capacity And Power Generation 5

1.5 Power Evacuation Arrangement 6

1.6 Environmental Aspects 6

1.7 Estimates Of The Cost 6

1.8 Conclusion & Recommendation 7

1.9 Salient Features 8

2 POWER SCENARIO

2.1 General 1

3 HYDROLOGY

3.1 Introduction 1

3.2 Data Availability 2

3.3 Water Availability 2

3.4 Design Flood 2

4 GEOLOGICAL STUDIES

4.1 Introduction 1

4.2 Geology 1

4.2.1 Regional Geomorphology & Geology 1

4.2.2 Geology Of The Project Area 2

4.2.3 Head Race Tunnel (HRT) 3

4.2.4 Surge Shaft & Pressure Shaft 4

4.2.5 Underground Powerhouse 4

4.2.6 Tail Race Tunnel (TRT) 5

4.2.7 Seismicity 5

4.2.8 Construction Material 5

4.3 Conclusions And Recommendations 6

5 PROJECT PLANNING AND INSTALLED CAPACITY

5.1 Power Development In Sharavathy Basin 1

5.1.1 Sharavathy Hydroelectric Project 1

5.1.2 Chakra Diversion Scheme 1

5.1.3 Gerusoppa Dam Scheme 2

5.2 Need For Hydroelectric/Pumped Storage Capacity Addition In Karnataka

3

5.3 Project Planning 7

5.4 Studies Proposed At DPR Stage 9

Contents ii



CHAPTER NO.


6 PLANNING & DESIGN OF CIVIL STRUCTURES

6.1 Introduction 1

6.2 Water Conductor System 5

6.2.1 Machine Hall Cavern 6

6.2.2 Transformer Cavern 7

6.2.3 Tail Race Tunnel 8

7 ELECTRO-MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS

7.1 General 1

7.2 Layout Plan Of Electro-Mechanical Equipment 1

7.3 Electro-Mechanical Equipment 3

7.3.1 Pump-Turbine 3

7.4 Main Inlet Valve (MIv) 5

7.5 Oil Pressure Systems For Governor And Turbine Inlet Valves

5

7.6 Generator-Motor 5

7.7 Static Excitation System And AVr 6

7.8 Generator-Motor Transformers (Main Transformer)

6

7.9 400 kV Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) & 400 kV XLPE Cables

6

7.10 Static Frequency Converter (SFC) 7

7.11 Operation Control And Protection System 7

7.12 Mechanical Auxiliaries 8

7.12.1 EoT Cranes 8

7.12.2 Compressed Air System 9

7.12.3 Dewatering And Drainage System & Flood Water System

9

7.12.4 Cooling Water System 10

7.12.5 Air Conditioning And Ventilation System 10

7.12.6 Oil Handling System 10

7.12.7 Fire Fighting System 10

7.12.8 Lifts 10

7.12.9 Draft Tube Gates 11

7.12.10 Mechanical Workshop 11

7.13 Electrical Auxiliaries 11

7.13.1 Ac Electrical Auxiliaries – MV/LV Supply System

11

7.13.2 Dc Supply System 11

7.13.3 Power, Control & Instrumentation Cables And Cable Trays Etc.

11

7.13.4 Illumination System 12

7.13.5 PLCC Equipment 12

Contents iii



CHAPTER NO.


7.13.6 Communication & Surveillance System 12

7.13.7 Electrical Equipment & Testing Laboratory 13

7.14 Grounding Mat 13

7.15 Power House Drawings 13

7.16 Power Evacuation System 14

8 CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMME AND SCHEDULE

8.1 General 1

8.2 Main Components Of The Project 1

8.2.1 Main Structure/ Components 1

8.2.2 Target Schedule 2

8.3 Infrastructure Facilities 2

8.4 Coffer Dam 3

8.5 Power Intake 3

8.6 Headrace And Penstock 3

8.7 Underground Powerhouse/ Transformer Caverns

3

8.8 Tailrace Tunnel/ Outlet 3

8.9 Electro-Mechanical Works 4

9 COST ESTIMATE

9.1 Project Cost 1

9.2 Basis Of Estimate 1

9.3 Classification Of Civil Works Into Minor Head/Sub Heads

2

9.4 Direct Charges 2

9.4.1 I - Works 2

9.4.2 A-Preliminary 2

9.4.3 B-Land 3

9.4.4 C- Works 3

9.4.5 J- Power Plant Civil Works 3

9.4.6 K- Buildings 3

9.4.7 P- Maintenance 4

9.4.8 Q- Special T&P 4

9.4.9 R-Communication 5

9.4.10 X-Environment And Ecology 5

9.4.11 Y-Losses On Stock 5

9.5 II-Establishment 5

9.5.1 III- Tools & Plants 5

9.6 IV-Receipt & Recoveries 5

9.7 Indirect Charges 6

9.8 Electro-Mechanical Works 6

Contents iv



CHAPTER NO.


10 ENVIRONMENTAL & ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS

10.1 General 1

10.2 Study Area 1

10.3 Environmental Baseline Status 1

10.3.1 Climate 2

10.3.2 River System 2

10.3.3 Geology 2

10.3.4 Seismicity 3

10.3.5 Soils 3

10.3.6 Water Quality 3

10.3.7 Flora 4

10.3.8 Fauna 9

10.3.9 Sharavathy Valley Wildlife Sanctuary 10

10.3.10 Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary Eco-sensitive Zone

12

10.4 Prediction of Impacts 13

10.4.1 Impacts on Land Environment 13

10.4.2 Impacts on Water Environment 15

10.4.3 Impacts on Air Environment 16

10.4.4 Impacts on Noise Environment 17

10.4.5 Impacts on Land Environment 20

10.4.6 Impacts on Biological Environment 22

10.4.7 Aquatic Flora 25

10.4.8 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment 25

10.5 Environmental Management Plan 26

10.5.1 Environmental Measures For Labour Camps 27

10.5.2 Muck Disposal 28

10.5.3 Restoration Plan for Quarry Sites 29

10.5.4 Restoration and Landscaping of Project Sites 29

10.5.5 Compensation for Acquisition of Forest Land 30

10.5.6 Wildlife Conservation 30

10.5.7 Greenbelt Development 30

10.5.8 Sustenance of Riverine Fisheries 30

10.5.9 Public Health Delivery System 31

10.5.10 Maintenance of Water Quality 31

10.5.11 Control of Noise 32

10.5.12 Control of Air Pollution 32

10.6 Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan 33

10.7 Catchment Area Treatment 33

10.8 Infrastructure Development Under Local Area Development Committee (LADC)

34

Contents v



CHAPTER NO.


10.9 Environmental Monitoring Programme 34

10.10 Cost for Implementing Environmental Management Plan

36

11 Conclusions 37

11 CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

11.1 Material Requirement and Availability 1

11.2 Field Investigation 1

11.2.1 Rock Samples 1

11.2.2 Sand Samples 2

11.3 Laboratory Investigation and Discussion of Tests Results

2

11.3.1 Rock Samples 2

11.3.2 Sand Samples 3

11.3.3 Water Samples 3

11.4 Conclusions 4

11.4.1 Rock as coarse aggregates 4

11.4.2 Sand as fine aggregates 4

11.4.3 Water Samples 5

12 ECONOMIC EVALUATION

12.1 General 1

12.2 Project Benefits 1

12.3 Capital Cost 1

12.4 Mode of Financing 1

12.5 Phasing of Expenditure 2

12.6 Financial Analysis 3

12.6.1 Basic and Normative Parameters 3

12.6.2 Assessment of Tariff 4

Contents vi



List of Drawings

Sl. No. Particular of drawing Drawing no. A CIVIL 1 Index Map WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/01

2 Integrated Sharavathy Basin Development Plan of Sharavathy PSP

WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/02

3 General layout Plan WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/03

4 L-Section of Project Through Profile (Sheet 1 of 2)


5 L-Section of Project Through Profile (Sheet 2 of 2)


6 Plan of Intake Structure WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/06 7 Section & Elevation of Intake Structure WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/07 8 Plan of TRT Outlet Structure WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/08 9 Section & Elevation of TRT Outlet Structure WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/09 B ELECTRO MECHANICAL 10 Cross Section of Power House WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/10 11 Layout Plan of MIV floor at EL. 6.00M WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/11 12 Layout Plan of Turbine floor at EL. 2.00M WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/12 13 Layout Plan of Generator floor at EL. 7.00M WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/13

14 Layout Plan of Machine Hall Floor & Transformer Hall Floor at EL. 12.00M


15 L-Section of Power House WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/15

16 Single Line Diagram for Main Circuit Unit 1 of 4 (Sheet 1/2)


17 Single Line Diagram for Main Circuit Unit 5 of 8 (Sheet 2/2)


18 Single Line Diagram for 400kv Switchyard WAP-SHARAVATHY-PSP/18

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

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Chapter – 1: Introduction 1



CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

The proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project on Sharavathy river would perhaps be one of the biggest Pumped storage Schemes in the range of 2000 MW in India. The proposed pumped storage project is planned as an additional installation utilising the existing Sharavathy system consisting of Liganamakhi, Talakalale Dam and Gerusoppa Dam. Location: The project is located in Shimoga & Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka as shown in Plate I (index map). The upper dam site is located at

Left Bank N- 14° 11’ 43.90”, E- 74˚ 46’ 43.14”

Right Bank N - 14˚ 11’ 38.98”, E- 74˚ 47’ 1.60” And the lower dam site is located at Left Bank N- 14 ˚ 14’ 56.03”, E- 74 ˚ 40’ 34.76”

Right Bank N- 14 ˚ 15’ 14.58”, E- 74 ˚ 40’ 29.43” The project site is approachable by Mangaluru to Jog fall by road, the distance is 220 Km and Vasco de Gama, Goa Airport to Jog Fall by road, the distance is 248 Km.

The following nearest rail heads are located

Mangalore Railway Station Road,( Broad Gauge) via Attavar, Mangaluru, (Karnataka) is 240 Km from project area (Jog fall)

Bhaktal Railway Station (meter gauge) – 44 Km from Lower Dam site. The nearest airport is located at Panjim in the state of Goa. The Project: The proposed pumped storage installation is planned within the existing Sharavathy system. The Sharavathy pumped Storage H.E Project with installed capacity of 2000MW is planned between existing Talakalale and Gerusoppa reservoir which are situated at downstream of Liganamakhi reservoir on Sharavathy river. The reservoir formed by the Liganamakhi dam across the river Sharavathy is the key to the optimum development of water resources of the river comprising regulating dams, diversion structures and associated 4 power stations having an aggregate installation of 1469 MW.

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The Water resources of the Sharavathy River and adjacent streams have been optimally utilized for power generation in Sharavathy Basin. Five (5) reservoirs regulate monsoon surplus waters of the Sharavathy and adjacent streams. KPCL has three major hydroelectric stations in the basin with a total installed capacity of 1330 MW.

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The present scheme is a very attractive scheme both in terms of technical feasibility and from economical consideration. The scheme envisages utilization of the waters of the Sharavathy River released from Liganamakhi dam through dam toe Power house by a hydel channel in to Talakalale reservoir, which is a balancing reservoir for existing Sharavathy H.E. Project of 1035 MW. The proposed pumped scheme envisages peak power generation on a Pumped storage type development, harnessing a head of about 460+ m between Talakalale as upper reservoir and Gerusoppa as Lower reservoir. During peak hours power will be generated by depleting the water reserve of the Talakalale upper reservoir which will pass through the waterway and the

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generator and turbines installed at the power house and will be stored in the Gerusoppa Lower Reservoir. During off peak hours the excess power from thermal stations will be fed back to pump the water from Lower Reservoir to Upper reservoir through power house where generators and turbines will then act as motors and pumps respectively. The same cycle of operation will be repeated during peak and lean period.

Since the Upper and Lower reservoirs of Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (Sharavathy PSP) has effective storage capacity equivalent to four to five (5) hours of generation daily at full rated output, it is not possible for Sharavathy PSP to operate on weekly or seasonal basis.

Therefore, the Project is deemed to be operational on Daily basis.

1.2 Scope of Works

The Sharavathy Pumped Storage project envisages to utilise the existing Talakalale dam as upper dam and Gerusoppa as lower dam without any modification in these structures. The present operating levels are also remain unchanged. The proposed Pumped storage scheme envisages the construction of:

2 (two) No. intake with trash racks having mechanical raking arrangement.

2 (two) No. 2.726 Km long, 9 m diameter circular concrete lined

headrace tunnels including cut & cover.

2 (two) No. 0.828 Km long, 5.25m diameter inclined circular steel lined (including horizontal) pressure shafts

2(two) no. 16m dia circular Surge Shafts 52m high.

An underground power house having an installation of 8 Francis type reversible pump-turbine driven generating units of 250MW capacity each

2 (two) no. 3.780 Km & 3.830 Km long concrete lined tail race tunnels to carry the power house releases to lower reservoir.

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1.3 Hydrology

No G&D site specific data is available at any of these dam sites. However, the G&D site data available in adjoining basin on Tunga River and Aghanashini River have been transposed in catchment area proportion to Liganamakhi dam site (as they are in some hydro-meteorological region). The impact of rainfall during transposition has not been considered. The transposition reveals a mean daily runoff at Liganamakhi dam site from Shimoga G&D site is 121.28 cumec/day while from Santeguli G&D site (based on Aghanashini River) 234.03 cumec/day. Thus at this stage, it is evident that the inflow is commensurate with the requirement to meet the diurnal inflow requirement which is in the range of 130-140 cumec/day. Hence based on the available data/information, it can be concluded that water availability at Liganamakhi is adequate to meet the flow requirement for diurnal operation of existing and proposed pump storage scheme.

1.4 Installed Capacity and Power Generation

The factors influencing the installed capacity of pumped storage scheme at a site are the requirement of daily peaking hours of operation; operating head, live pondage in the reservoirs and their area capacity characteristics. The details are summarized below:

Installed Capacity (MW) 2000

No of units 8

Unit Size (MW) 250

Head (max)- Generating 478 m

Head (Min)- Generating 476 m

Hours of daily Peaking Operation 6

Energy Generation (MWh) 12000

Pumping Energy (MWh) 14833

Cycle Efficiency 80.90%

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1.5 Power Evacuation Arrangement

The 2000 MW power generated at 18 kV will be stepped up to 400 kV. This power shall be further evacuated from Pothead yard area by following two 400 kV D/C transmission lines:

S. No. Transmission Line Route Length

1. Two 400 kV D/C from Sharavathy PSP to 400 kV Sub-station at Talaguppa

Approx 60 KM

1.6 Environmental Aspects Based on the preliminary assessment of environmental issues considered in the present Chapter, it can be concluded that the project is in proximity to ecologically sensitive area Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary.(about 3 Km.) . It is proposed to conduct, a detailed Comprehensive EIA study with an objective to assess various impacts likely to accrue as a result of construction and operation of the proposed project on various aspects of Environment. Appropriate management measures too shall be delineated as a part of Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which will be covered as a part of the Comprehensive EIA study. The water conductor system from Talakhala Reservoir is about 3.4 km from Sharavathy wildlife sanctuary. Hence, the project would require clearance from National Board of Wildlife. 1.7 Estimates of the Cost

The project is estimated to cost Rs. 4862.89 Crores at April, 2017 price levels. The preliminary cost estimate of the project has been prepared as per guidelines of CEA / CWC. The break down of the cost estimates is given below:

Item Estimated Cost (Rs. Lacs)

Civil Works 273980.38

Electro-mechanical Works 227764.24

Total 501744.62

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Financial Aspects As indicated above, the Sharavathy Pumped Storage extension project, with an estimated cost (Generation only) of Rs. 5017.44 Crores and design peak energy generation of 4380 GWh is proposed to be completed in a period of 5 years. The tariff has been worked out considering a debt-equity ratio of 70:30, and annual interest rate on loan at 12.50%. The tariff for first year and levellised tariff (at power house bus bar) has been worked out as Rs. 5.73/ unit and Rs. 5.33/ unit respectively in a 90% dependable year.

1.8 Conclusion & Recommendation The project is outside of the Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary. However, due to in proximity to the Wildlife Sanctuary the project layout has been prepared in such a way that it is completely underground. Dams are existing and the powerhouse complex is underground. Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project involves minimum civil works and could be completed in 5 years. The project would afford a design energy generation of 4380 GWh in a 90% dependable year. The cost per MW installed works out as Rs. 2.50 Crores. The Preliminary Feasibility Report indicates that the scheme merits consideration for taking up for Survey & Investigation and preparation of DPR.

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1.9 Salient Features

1. LOCATION

Country

State

District

India

Karnataka.

Shimoga & Uttara Kannada

River Sharavathy

Dam Axis (Upper)

Left Bank N - 14011’ 43.90” , E - 740 46’ 43.14”

Right Bank N - 14˚ 11’ 38.98” , E - 74˚ 47’ 1.60”

Dam Axis (Lower)

Left Bank N - 14˚ 14’ 56.03” , E - 74˚ 40’ 34.76”

Right Bank N - 14˚15’ 14.58” , E - 74˚40’ 29.43”

Access to the Project

Road Vasco de Gama, Goa Airport to Karwar – 96 KM

Karwar to Jog Fall – 152 KM

Airport

1.Via-Goa-Vasco da Gama, Dabo lim AirPort (Goa)- distance 248Km

2. Via- Karnataka Mangaluru, AirPort. Karnataka- distance 220Km

Railhead

(with unloading facilities)

1.Mangaluru Railway Station ( Broad Gauge) via Attavar, Mangaluru,( Karnataka) is 240 Km from project area (Jog fall)

2. Bhaktal Railway Station (meter gauge) – 44 Km from Lower Dam site.

Port Mangaluru, Karnataka

2. PROJECT

Type Pumped Storage Project

Installed Capacity 8 X 250 MW

Peak Operating duration 6 hours daily

3. HYDROLOGY

Catchment Area

Upper Dam (Talakalale dam) 46.62 sq. km

Lower Dam (Gerusoppa Dam) (Independent &Total)

151.50 sq km / 2148.00 sq km

Average Annual Rainfall 1.Lower-4445 mm

2.Upper-3175 mm

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Average annual Run-off

Upper Reservoir (Talakalale dam) 113.00 Mm3

Lower Reservoir (Gerusoppa Dam) Free Catchment- 524 M.cum

Total Catchment-5660 M.cum

Maximum Design Flood (PMF)

Upper Reservoir (Talakalale dam) 849.52 Cumec.

Lower Reservoir (Gerusoppa Dam) 5378 Cumec.

4.0 CIVIL STRUCTURE

4.1 UPPER RESERVOIR ( Existing Talakalale Reservoir)

FRL 522.12 M

MDDL 520.59 M

Pondage at FRL 129.48 Mm3

Pondage at MDDL 115.87 Mm3

Live Poundage 13.61 Mm3

4.2 LOWER RESERVOIR ( Existing Gerusoppa Reservoir)

FRL 55.00 M

MDDL 43.50 M

Poundage at FRL 131.461 Mm3

Poundage at MDDL 72.681 Mm3

Live Poundage 58.21 Mm3

4.3 UPPER DAM (Existing Talakalale dam already Constructed and functional)

Type Rock fill with Central impervious core

Top of Dam EL 525.16 M

Accepted Foundation Elevation EL 462.70 M

Total Length of Dam at top 515.25 m

Max. Height of Dam above deepest foundation level

62.48 m

Top width of dam 5.50 m

No. of Piers

4.4 MAIN LOWER DAM ( Existing Gerusoppa dam already Constructed)

Type Concrete Gravity& Earth Dam (Composite)

Top of Dam Concrete dam – EL58.00 M., Earth dam-EL 60.00M

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Foundation Elevation(deepest) EL -4.0M

Total Length of Dam at top. 421.00 m+ 158.50m = 579.50m, Saddle dam= 283.00m

Max. Height of Dam 64 m

No. of blocks 4 nos, 18m wide each

Top width of dam 7.50 m

4.5 LOWER DAM SPILLWAY ARRANGEMENT ( Existing and Functional)

Type Over Flow Ogee Type

Crest Elevation EL 55.00 m at FRL

MWL EL 55.45m

Design Flood 5340 m3 /s

No. of Bays 5 Bays , 15m wide each

4.3 Power Intake

Type

H x W x No. x Line

Horizontal Type with anti-vortex louvers

9.5m x 10.5 x 3 no’s x 2 lines

4.4 Intake Structure

Length 72 m

4.5 Headrace Tunnel (Concrete Lined)

Dia

Length

No. of Tunnel

9.0 m (finished)

2726 m including cut & cover 427 m

2 nos.

4.6 Surge Shaft (Concrete Lined)

Dia.

Height

No. of SS

16 m

52 m

2 nos.

4.7 Pressure Shaft (Steel Lining)

D x L x line

After Bifurcation

D 5.25 m x L 828 m x 4 lines

D 3.64 m x L 72 m x 8 lines

4.8 Tailrace Tunnel

Tailrace Tunnel No1

Tailrace Tunnel No2

D 10.0 m x L 3780 m

D 10.0 m x L 3830 m

4.9 Tailrace Outlet

Type

H x W x No. x Line

Horizontal Type with anti-vortex lubbers

10.5 m x 9.5 m x 3 nos x 2 lines

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4.10 Powerhouse

Type

Size

Underground Cavern

L 323.8 x W 22.00 m x H 53.00 m

(Eight Fixed Speed Pump/ Turbine units)

4.11Transformer Room

Type

L x W x H

Underground Cavern

L 282.17 m x W 20.00 m x H 29.00 m

4.12 Pothead Yard

Type

L x W

GIS in underground cavern

L 150 m x W 40 m

4.13 Main Access Tunnel (MAT)

Type

W X H

D- shaped

W 8.0 m x H 8.50 m

5.0 Electromechanical Equipment

5.1 Pump Turbine

Type Francis type, vertical shaft reversible pump-turbine

Number of unit Eight (8) units

Rated Turbine Head 458.61 m

Turbine Output at Rated Head 253807 kW

Rated Pump Head 473.61 m

Pump Output at Rated Head 225071 kW

Rated Turbine Discharge 61.38 m3/s

Rated Pump Discharge 42.22 m3/s

Synchronous Speed 375 rpm

5.2 Generator-Motor

Type Three (3) phase, alternating current synchronous, generator-motor, vertical shaft, rotating field, enclosed housing, rim-duct air-cooled and suspended type

Number of unit Eight(8) units

[Fixed Speed]

Rated Capacity Generator; 277.778MVA

Motor ; 229.66 MW

Rated Voltage 18.0kV

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Rated Frequency 50 Hz

Rated Speed 375 rpm

Over Load Capacity 110 % rated capacity

5.3 Main Transformer

Type Indoor, oil-immersed, 3 single phase transformers with on-load tap changer (OLTC) for pumping operation, ODWF cooled

Numbers 24 + 2 (Spares)

Rated Capacity 102 MVA, Single phase

Rated Voltage Primary; 18 kV

Secondary; 400 kV

adjustable range of the secondary voltage: -5% to +10%(3kV/tap)

Connection Primary: Delta

Secondary: “Y”

Neutral Grounding System for Secondary Winding

Solidly Grounded

5.4 Generator-Motor Circuit Breaker

Type Indoor, Metal-enclosed, SF6 and single pressure type

Number of Unit Eight (8) units

Rated Voltage 18 kV

Rated Normal Current 10,000 A

Phase Reversal Equipment Three Phase, 24kV, 10000 A

5.5 Gas Insulated Switchgear

5.5.1 Circuit Breaker

Type 400 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)

Number of Feeder Thirteen (13) feeders

Rated Voltage 420 kV

Rated Normal Current 2,000 A

Rated Short Time (1sec) withstand Current

50 kA

5.6 400 kV XLPE Cable

Type Single Core 400 kV Cross linked polyethylene insulated type

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Rated Voltage 400 kV

Number of Circuits 4 ckts + 1 spare cable

5.7 Starting Method

Type 2 nos. Static Frequency Converter Starting(SFC) & also Back to back starting (BTB)

Capacity of Starting Transformer 4 nos.,18/19.2 kV,30 MVA

5.8 Diesel Engine Generator

Number of Unit Two (2) units(Additionally one dedicated DG set for flood water evacuation system)

Rated Capacity 2,000 kVA,415 kV

5.9 EOT Crane

Type Indoor, Electric Overhead Traveling Crane

Number of Unit Two (2) units

Rated Capacity 200 ton (Main hoist), 40 ton and 10 ton

Span 20 m

5.10 Transmission Line

Type Double Circuit, Twin HTLS Conductors(2XD/C Lines)

Capacity Voltage Level 400 kV

Length About 60 Km

5.11 Project Cost (Price Level April 2017) Cost of Civil Works including H&M Rs. 2739.80 Cr

Cost of E & M Works Rs. 2277.60 Cr

IDC Rs. 374.07 Cr

Total Cost of The Project Rs. 5391.51 Cr

5.12 Project Benefit's

Levelized tariff Rs. 5.33 /Kwh First year tariff Rs. 5.73 /Kwh

INDEX MAP

CHAPTER – 2

POWER SCENARIO

Chapter – 2: Power Scenario 1



CHAPTER - 2

POWER SCENARIO

2.1 General

Karnataka is a state in the south western region of India and is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the West, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the Northeast, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the South East and Kerala to the South West. The state covers an area of 191,791 km2 and is seventh largest Indian state by area. Kannada is the most widely spoken language of the state. It has population of 61,130,704 inhabitants at the 2011, census. Bengaluru is the capital of the state. The two main river system of the state are the Krishna and its tributaries, the Bhima, Ghataprabha, Vedarathi, Malaprabha and Tungbhadra, in the north and kaveri in and its tributaries, the Hemavati, Shimsha, Arkavati, Lakshmana, Tritha and Kabini in the south.

Karnataka is the manufacturing hub for some of the largest public sector industries in India. Many of India’s premier science and technology research centers are in Karnataka. Karnataka leads the nation in biotechnology.

Karnataka has18641.78 MW capacity as on 28.02.2017 against 82668.17 MW in southern region and 315426.32 MW in all India. The details are as below in the Table-2.1.




Table-2.1: Installed Capacity (In MW) of Power Utilities in the States/ UTS Located in Southern Region

The electricity generation during April, 2016 to Feb, 2017 is 1057.745 BU against 1011.31 BU during April 2015 to Feb, 2016. The per capita consumption is 1075 kWh in 2015-16 against 631.4 kWh in 2005-06 in the country. The power supply




position and peak power supply position is shown in the Table-2.2 & Table-2.3 respectively.

Table-2.2: Energy Power Supply Position Report (Revised)




Table-2.3: Peak Power Supply Position Report (Revised)




Karnataka energy requirement is 20148 MU and 20115 MU were supplied and has a shortfall of 33 MU.

Load demand estimates for 2021-22 are shown in the Table-2.4 (from CEA report) and southern region are in the Table-2.5 (from CEA report). The national electricity plan is under preparation. This plan would inter-alia give transmission capacity requirement for the period up to 2021-22. Surplus / deficit for each region was estimated for each quarter of 2021-22 are shown in the Table-2.6, 2.7, 2.8 & 2.9.

Table-2.4: Region wise load for 2021-22 period, in MW




Table-2.5: Peak Load in MW

Table-2.6: Load Generation Balance Analysis (All fig. in MW)




From the above it shows that the northern and southern region would be required to import power and the other three region would be in position to export power in 2021-22. It shows that in future Karnataka would require power which could be met through Sharavathy Pumped Storage Scheme.

ANNEXURE - 1

CHAPTER-3

HYDROLOGY

Chapter – 3: Hydrology 1

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project

(8 x 250 MW)


CHAPTER - 3

HYDROLOGY

3.1 Introduction

The existing Sharavathy Hydroelectric Project/ Scheme in Karnataka State comprises of a cascade development for utilization of Sharavathy river water for hydropower use. The total installed capacity from three reservoirs is 1469.2 MW and the development comprises of the following:

i) Liganamakhi dam (Main reservoir with catchment area of 1991.56 km2) and comprising of a toe dam power house with an installed capacity of 55 MW (2 x 27.5 MW) for power generation.

ii) The tail water is picked up by Talakalale dam (Catchment area 46.62 km2) to generate hydropower through Sharavathy Power House with an installed capacity of 1035 MW (10 x 103.5 MW).

iii) Liganamakhi dam also supplies water to Mahatma Gandhi

Hydroelectric (MGHE) Station with an installed capacity of 139.2 MW (4 x 13.2 MW + 4x21.6 MW).

iv) The tail water releases of MGHE and Sharavathy Power House are

picked up by Gerusoppa dam to utilize the Hydro Potential thereon with an installed capacity of 240 MW (4x60 MW).

A line diagram indicating the existing reservoirs is at Plate -1.

It is now proposed to further utilize the hydro-potential by using Talakalale as upper reservoir and Gerusoppa as lower reservoir by installing a new Pumped Storage Project.

Since the proposed scheme is a pumped storage scheme and envisages to utilize the balance surplus diurnal storage after Sharavathy HEP operation no modification in the operating levels are needed. Moreover, only recycling of balance storage is proposed for PSP operation. As such hydrological study is required to the extent to see the required inflow into reservoir from Linganamakki Reservoir. Based on the release data from Linganamakki from July 1995 to May 2015, it is evident that an average flow of about 130-140 m3/s is ensured from



(8 x 250 MW)


Linganamakki dam. The proposed PSP is planned using this inflow. For PFR stage studies a preliminary assessment has been made.

3.2 Data Availability

The project authorities had supplied the inflow and discharge details for Liganamakhi dam from 01-07-1995 to 16-05-2015 (Daily basis). The elevation area capacity of Liganamakhi dam upto 554.40 MW elevation is available through the FRL is 559.91 m and MWL being 560.52 m.

The elevation area capacity curve of Talakalale reservoir and Gerusoppa reservoir are attached at Annexure – 1 (a & b)

No Gauge and Discharge site is available on Sharavathy River. However, in the adjoining basin, CWC Gauge and Discharge data is available at two sites namely (i) Shimoga on Tunga river (CA = 2831 km2) and (ii) Santeguli on Aghanashini River (CA = 1090 km2). The mean daily flow for the period January 1990 to May 2013 at these two sites are 172.4 cumec/ day and 128.0 cumec/ day respectively.

3.3 Water Availability

No G&D site specific data is available at any of these dam sites. However, the G&D site data available in adjoining basin on Tunga River and Aghanashini River have been transposed in catchment area proportion to Liganamakhi dam site (as they are in some hydro-meteorological region). The impact of rainfall during transposition has not been considered. The transposition reveals a mean daily runoff at Liganamakhi dam site from Shimoga G&D site is 121.28 cumec/ day while from Santeguli G&D site (based on Aghanashini River) 234.03 cumec/ day. Thus at this stage, it is evident that the inflow is commensurate with the requirement to meet the diurnal inflow requirement which is in the range of 130-140 cumec/day.

Hence based on the available data/information, it can be concluded that water availability at Linganamakki is adequate to meet the flow requirement for diurnal operation of existing and proposed pump storage scheme.

3.4 Design Flood

The associated dams/reservoirs are existing and in operations for the last several decades. Moreover, the proposed scheme is a pumped scheme and do not



(8 x 250 MW)


envisage any change in existing operating levels of both reservoirs. No structural modifications/interface are required in existing dams. As such, the spillway provisions are already in place and are in operation successfully.

PLATE- I: Line Diagram indicating the Existing Reservoirs

ANNEXURE 1 (A)

1 475.49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 478.53 0.051998 51998 5.2 3.05 52830.0 52830.0 0.05

3 481.58 0.103996 103996 10.4 3.05 233202.8 286032.7 0.29

4 484.63 0.181993 181993 18.2 3.05 430339.8 716372.5 0.725 487.68 0.285989 285989 28.6 3.05 707260.2 1423632.7 1.426 490.73 0.51998 519980 52.0 3.05 1210662.0 2634294.7 2.637 493.77 0.77997 779970 78.0 3.05 1967781.5 4602076.2 4.608 496.82 1.273951 1273951 127.4 3.05 3099549.4 7701625.6 7.709 499.87 1.767932 1767932 176.8 3.05 4615317.7 12316943.3 12.32

10 502.92 2.5999 2599900 260.0 3.05 6615952.5 18932895.8 18.9311 505.97 3.431868 3431868 343.2 3.05 9163126.6 28096022.4 28.1012 509.01 4.445829 4445829 444.6 3.05 11972321.9 40068344.3 40.0713 512.06 5.45979 5459790 546.0 3.05 15069730.5 55138074.8 55.1414 512.37 5.589785 5589785 559.0 0.30 1683916.3 56821991.1 56.8215 512.67 5.693781 5693781 569.4 0.30 1719591.1 58541582.2 58.5416 512.98 5.823776 5823776 582.4 0.30 1755238.4 60296820.5 60.3017 513.28 5.927772 5927772 592.8 0.30 1790912.5 62087733.0 62.0918 513.59 6.057767 6057767 605.8 0.30 1826560.3 63914293.3 63.9119 513.89 6.161763 6161763 616.2 0.30 1862233.8 65776527.1 65.7820 514.20 6.23976 6239760 624.0 0.30 1889979.6 67666506.7 67.6721 514.50 6.395754 6395754 639.6 0.30 1925603.4 69592110.1 69.5922 514.80 6.49975 6499750 650.0 0.30 1965253.4 71557363.5 71.5623 515.11 6.629745 6629745 663.0 0.30 2000902.3 73558265.8 73.5624 515.41 6.75974 6759740 676.0 0.30 2040525.4 75598791.2 75.6025 515.72 6.889735 6889735 689.0 0.30 2080148.5 77678939.7 77.6826 516.02 6.993731 6993731 699.4 0.30 2115820.4 79794760.0 79.7927 516.33 7.123726 7123726 712.4 0.30 2151470.0 81946230.0 81.9528 516.63 7.227722 7227722 722.8 0.30 2187141.5 84133371.5 84.1329 516.94 7.357717 7357717 735.8 0.30 2222791.4 86356162.9 86.3630 517.24 7.461713 7461713 746.2 0.30 2258462.5 88614625.4 88.6131 517.55 7.591708 7591708 759.2 0.30 2294112.8 90908738.2 90.9132 517.85 7.695704 7695704 769.6 0.30 2329783.5 93238521.7 93.2433 518.16 7.825699 7825699 782.6 0.30 2365434.1 95603955.8 95.6034 518.46 7.929695 7929695 793.0 0.30 2401104.5 98005060.3 98.0135 518.77 8.05969 8059690 806.0 0.30 2436755.4 100441815.7 100.4436 519.07 8.189685 8189685 819.0 0.30 2476378.3 102918193.9 102.9237 519.38 8.293681 8293681 829.4 0.30 2512048.2 105430242.2 105.4338 519.68 8.423676 8423676 842.4 0.30 2547699.4 107977941.6 107.9839 519.99 8.527672 8527672 852.8 0.30 2583369.1 110561310.8 110.5640 520.29 8.657667 8657667 865.8 0.30 2619020.6 113180331.4 113.1841 520.60 8.761663 8761663 876.2 0.30 2654690.0 115835021.4 115.8442 520.90 8.891658 8891658 889.2 0.30 2690341.7 118525363.1 118.5343 521.21 8.995654 8995654 899.6 0.30 2726010.9 121251374.0 121.2544 521.51 9.125649 9125649 912.6 0.30 2761662.8 124013036.8 124.0145 521.82 9.255644 9255644 925.6 0.30 2801285.6 126814322.4 126.8146 522.12 9.35964 9359640 936.0 0.30 2836954.4 129651276.9 129.6547 522.42 9.489635 9489635 949.0 0.30 2872606.6 132523883.5 132.5248 522.73 9.593631 9593631 959.4 0.30 2908275.3 135432158.8 135.4349 523.03 9.723626 9723626 972.4 0.30 2943927.7 138376086.4 138.3850 523.34 9.827622 9827622 982.8 0.30 2979596.0 141355682.5 141.3651 523.64 9.957617 9957617 995.8 0.30 3015248.6 144370931.1 144.3752 523.95 10.061613 10061613 1006.2 0.30 3050916.8 147421847.9 147.4253 524.25 10.191608 10191608 1019.2 0.30 3086569.6 150508417.5 150.51

Annexure-I (a)SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT - AREA CAPACITY CURVE AT TALAKALALE

S. No.ContourV

alue ( m )

Area ( Km2 )

Interval ( m )

Capacity ( m3 )

Comm. Capacity ( m3 )

Comm. Capacity (

mcm )

Area ( m2 )

Area ( Hectares )

450.00

460.00

470.00

480.00

490.00

500.00

510.00

520.00

530.00

540.00

550.00

03006009001200

450.00

460.00

470.00

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490.00

500.00

510.00

520.00

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0 50 100 150 200

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SHARAVATHY PSP - AREA CAPACITY CURVE AT TALAKALALE

stage vscapacity

stage vs area

ANNEXURE 1 (B)

1 3.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 10.00 0.47 470000 47.0 7.00 1096666.7 1096666.7 1.10

3 15.00 0.83 830000 83.0 5.00 3207633.1 4304299.8 4.30

4 20.00 1.35 1350000 135.0 5.00 5397561.2 9701861.0 9.705 25.00 1.79 1790000 179.0 5.00 7824182.6 17526043.6 17.536 30.00 2.38 2380000 238.0 5.00 10390042.0 27916085.6 27.927 35.00 3.03 3030000 303.0 5.00 13492341.7 41408427.2 41.418 40.00 3.68 3680000 368.0 5.00 16748702.4 58157129.7 58.169 43.50 4.26 4260000 426.0 3.50 13882626.2 72039755.9 72.04

10 44.00 4.35 4350000 435.0 0.50 2152460.8 74192216.7 74.1911 44.50 4.42 4420000 442.0 0.50 2192476.7 76384693.4 76.3812 45.00 4.51 4510000 451.0 0.50 2232462.2 78617155.6 78.6213 45.50 4.58 4580000 458.0 0.50 2272477.5 80889633.2 80.8914 46.00 4.64 4640000 464.0 0.50 2304983.7 83194616.9 83.1915 46.50 4.71 4710000 471.0 0.50 2337478.2 85532095.1 85.5316 47.00 4.78 4780000 478.0 0.50 2372478.5 87904573.5 87.9017 47.50 4.84 4840000 484.0 0.50 2404984.4 90309557.9 90.3118 48.00 4.91 4910000 491.0 0.50 2437479.1 92747037.0 92.7519 48.50 4.98 4980000 498.0 0.50 2472479.4 95219516.4 95.2220 49.00 5.05 5050000 505.0 0.50 2507479.6 97726996.0 97.7321 49.50 5.11 5110000 511.0 0.50 2539985.2 100266981.2 100.2722 50.00 5.18 5180000 518.0 0.50 2572480.2 102839461.4 102.8423 50.50 5.26 5260000 526.0 0.50 2609974.5 105449435.9 105.4524 51.00 5.34 5340000 534.0 0.50 2649974.8 108099410.7 108.1025 51.50 5.42 5420000 542.0 0.50 2689975.2 110789385.9 110.7926 52.00 5.5 5500000 550.0 0.50 2729975.6 113519361.5 113.5227 52.50 5.58 5580000 558.0 0.50 2769975.9 116289337.4 116.2928 53.00 5.66 5660000 566.0 0.50 2809976.3 119099313.7 119.1029 53.50 5.74 5740000 574.0 0.50 2849976.6 121949290.3 121.9530 54.00 5.82 5820000 582.0 0.50 2889976.9 124839267.2 124.8431 54.50 5.9 5900000 590.0 0.50 2929977.2 127769244.5 127.7732 55.00 5.98 5980000 598.0 0.50 2969977.6 130739222.0 130.7433 55.50 6.07 6070000 607.0 0.50 3012472.0 133751694.0 133.7534 56.00 6.16 6160000 616.0 0.50 3057472.4 136809166.4 136.8135 56.50 6.24 6240000 624.0 0.50 3099978.5 139909144.9 139.9136 57.00 6.33 6330000 633.0 0.50 3142473.2 143051618.1 143.0537 57.50 6.42 6420000 642.0 0.50 3187473.5 146239091.6 146.2438 58.00 6.51 6510000 651.0 0.50 3232473.9 149471565.5 149.4739 58.50 6.6 6600000 660.0 0.50 3277474.3 152749039.8 152.7540 59.00 6.68 6680000 668.0 0.50 3319979.9 156069019.7 156.0741 59.50 6.77 6770000 677.0 0.50 3362474.9 159431494.6 159.4342 60.00 6.86 6860000 686.0 0.50 3407475.2 162838969.8 162.84

Annexure-I (b)SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT - AREA CAPACITY CURVE AT GERUSOPPA

S. No.ContourV

alue ( m )

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mcm )

0.00

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0100200300400500600700

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0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

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SHARAVATHY PSP - AREA CAPACITY CURVE AT GERUSOPPA

stage vscapacity

stage vs area

CHAPTER- 4

GEOLOGICAL STUDIES

Chapter – 4: Geological Studies 1


(8 x 250 MW)


CHAPTER - 4

GEOLOGICAL STUDIES

4.1 Introduction

The proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project is located in between Talakalale Reservoir and Gerosoppa Reservoir (Lat N14o12’30’’ to N14o15’00’’

and Long E74o40’00’’ to E74o45’00’’, SI Topo sheet Nos 48 J/ 11 & 12) in Shimoga District, Karnataka. The proposed project envisages diversion of water from the existing Talakalale Balancing Reservoir through two intake channels and thereafter through two headrace tunnels (HRT) –pressure shafts to an underground power house to generate 1000MW (4 x 250 MW) of power. The tail water will be diverted through tunnels (TRT) to existing Gerosoppa Reservoir of Sharavati River. Owing to pumped storage nature of the project, the water from Gerosoppa Reservoir will be pumped through TRT- Reversible Turbines – pressure shaft – HRT to the Talakalale Reservoir during lean hours.

4.2 Geology

4.2.1 Regional Geomorphology & Geology

The Sharavathy River flows towards west through the southern part of Karnataka to meet Arabian Sea. The 270m high water fall (Jog Fall), the highest water fall in India is present along this river at Jog near the project area. At this fall, the river flows down along a fault scarp. Regionally the area of Southern Karnataka is represented by highly rugged terrain comprising steep hills and subsequent valleys, mainly covered by thick forest. A number of tributaries meet the Sharavati River on both the banks. Dendritic and sub-parallel drainage pattern is characteristic of the terrain. Sub-parallel drainage pattern of first order streams are generally joint controlled and occasionally flowing along faults.

The terrain represents by rocks of Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC), Bababudan Group, Chitradurga Group of Dharwar Super group, Ultramafic Complex (Sargur Group) of Archaean age. The rock mass has been intruded by mainly basic and acid intrusives of Palaeo-proterozoic age. Sargur Group consist of mainly older ultramafics. The PGC is represented by mainly granite gneiss, migmatitic gneiss, augen gneiss etc. Enclaves of amphibolite within the PGC are common. The rocks of Bababudan Group consist of quartzite, chlorite schist, hornblende-actinolite-chlorite schist, amphibolite etc. The basic and acid



(8 x 250 MW)


intrusives are mainly dolerite and quartz vein respectively. Generally, a cap of laterite of Cenozoic age is present above the rock mass. The rocks are dissected by a few joint sets. A number of faults, lineaments including the fault along the Jog Water Fall near the project site have also been reported. The regional stratigraphic succession of the area is given below.

STRATIGRAPHIC SUCCESSION NORTH KANARA AND SHIMOGA DISTRICTS

Lithology Group Super Group Age Laterite Quartz Vein, Dolerite Younger

Intrusives Palaeoproterozoic

Quartzite, Chlorite schist ,Homblende-actinolite-chlorite schist, Amphibolite

Western Ghat (Bababudan)

Dharwar Archaean

Unconformity Granite gneiss Peninsular

Gneiss Peninsular Gnieissic Complex

Archaean

Ultramafite Sargur Archaean Ref. Geological map on1:50,000. Geological Survey of India, State Unit, Karnataka & Goa, Bangalore.

4.2.2 Geology of the Project Area

The Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project is proposed in between already constructed dams of Talakalale Lake (balancing reservoir) located at south eastern part and Gerosoppa Reservoir on Sharavathy River at north western part. As both the upper and lower reservoirs are already present, only water conductor system and powerhouse will be required for this project. The water conductor system includes two intake channels, two HRTs, Surge Shafts, Pressure Shafts, underground powerhouse and TRTs. The tentative project layout has been superimposed on the enlarged Regional Geological Map (1:50,000 Scale) and enclosed as Plate 1.

The Sharavathy River shows meandering at the project area and flows towards NW and thereafter towards west. A number of sub-parallel tributaries join Sharavati River from both the banks. Beside the sub-parallel drainage pattern, dendritic drainage pattern is also present at the central part between the above mentioned upper and lower reservoirs. The sub-parallel drainage is controlled by



(8 x 250 MW)


joints. A WNW – ESE trending water divide is present between the above two reservoirs.

Mainly granite gneiss belonging to Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC) and amphibolite represent the major part of project site (Plate 1). However, schistose (Hornblende- actinolite-chlorite schist) rock of Bababudan Group will be present at the lower part of TRT and TRT outfall area. At the project site, the surface is mainly covered by thick laterite and/or slope wash material with meager outcrops of granite gneiss/augen gneiss and amphibolites. Bababudan Group is unconformable lies over the Peninsular Gneissic Complex. The schistose rock (Hornblende- actinolite-chlorite schist) is appears to be occurred as outlier at the project site. Gneissocity/ foliation has been well developed in the rock mass. The general strike of foliation is N – S (N 05° E) and dip 60° towards S 85° E. The rocks have been dissected by a few joint sets. The joint sets are (i) N – S/ V, (ii) N 75° E/ 85° SE (iii) N 80° W/ V, (iv) N 30° E/ V. A generalized geological section from intake to TRT has also been prepared (Plate 2) for better assessment during PFR stage.

The tentative geological assessment of the project components are incorporated in successive sub-sections.

4.2.2.1 Intake

A location of intake has tentatively been fixed from the Talakalale Reservoir (Plate 1). Initially, at the intake, a channel will be required for a little distance up to the foot of the hill and thereafter the water can be diverted through HRT. Along the proposed intake channel alignment, slope wash material and laterite are exposed. During excavation of the intake channel heavy seepage/ water ingress is anticipated from the existing Talakalale Reservoir. Therefore, it is proposed to excavate the intake channel from the foot of the hillock where the portal HRT has been proposed. During connection of the channel with the reservoir, dewatering through heavy duty pumps will be required. It is to mention that the intake channel is feasible on geological & geotechnical consideration, however suitable protective measures are to be provided along the cut slope of the channel. In this connection, a cut & cover duct is proposed instead of intake channel to avoid recurring maintenance expenditure, as well as to make this component echo-friendly. In this case the land will be reclaimed by filling up of excavated material over the duct and afforestation can be done.

4.2.3 Head Race Tunnel (HRT)



(8 x 250 MW)


The intake portal of the head race tunnel (HRT) has been planned from foot of the hillock (Plate – 1). At the hillock mainly laterite with sporadic small outcrops of granite gneiss and amphibolite have been observed. It is anticipated that about 10-15m thick laterite is present at this site below which rock (granite gneiss/ amphibolite) will be available. Presence of minor shear zones cannot be ruled out where considerable ingress of water is anticipated. Generally, ‘Poor’ to ‘Fair’ rock

mass at the initial reach of the HRT and thereafter ‘Fair’ to ‘Good’ rock mass is

anticipated, except along the shear zones, if present, where rock mass is likely to be deteriorated to class IV (poor)/ V (very poor). Besides lining, mainly rock bolts with or without shotcrete/ SFRS depending upon site specific rock mass condition may be required along the tunnels. However, detailed geological and geotechnical mapping and sub surface explorations through drilling will have to be undertaken to delineate rock types and rock mass condition including fixation of portals of HRT & construction adits during DPR stage investigation. Due to presence of sufficient cover, hard and competent rock mass is likely to form the tunneling media along the HRT and as such no major problem is anticipated on geological & geotechnical considerations.

4.2.4 Surge Shaft & Pressure Shaft

Two underground surge shafts have been proposed (Plate 1). The cover will be about 51m. Granite gneiss with bands/ enclaves of amphibolite is expected along the surge shaft below the cover of laterite/slope wash material. Sufficient lateral cover and more than 2D vertical rock cover is present above the 16 m dia surge shaft. Class II (Good) to class III (Fair) rock mass is anticipated along the surge shaft except in the shear zones, if present, where poor rock mass will be encountered. Mainly rock bolts with or without shotcrete/ SFRS depending upon rock mass condition and lining may be required along the surge shaft. However, detail investigation through large scale geological mapping and drilling are required to decipher the rock mass condition including fixation of portals of construction adits. Owing to presence of similar geological condition, the above rock mass categories are anticipated along the pressure shaft also. As competent rock mass like granite gneiss & amphibolite are anticipated along the surge shaft & pressure shaft, no major stability problems are likely to occur.

4.2.5 Underground Powerhouse

An underground powerhouse (323.8m long x 22m width x 53m high) has been contemplated. The underground powerhouse is proposed near the water divide between the upper and lower reservoirs. The vertical cover above the



(8 x 250 MW)


powerhouse will be about 312m. Granite gneiss with patches of amphibolite are likely to be present at the powerhouse cavern. Regarding orientation of the underground powerhouse, prioritization has been given on hydraulics as per prime requirement of pumped storage project and considering the four sets of joints including foliation joint, a tentative N 35° E – S 35° W alignment of L-axis of powerhouse has tentatively been worked out. In this case, the foliation will intersect the L-axis at 35° and other 3 joints sets at an angle of 25°, 20° and 10°. Finalization of the orientation of powerhouse can be made after detailed investigation. It can be concluded that hard and competent rock mass like fresh granite gneiss & amphibolite are anticipated at the cavern level and the site is feasible on geological & geotechnical considerations. Moreover, it is to mentioned that all the joints reported on the surface may not continue or the will be tight and unaltered at depths. Rock bolts and SFRS are likely to be the major support system in underground power house. However, detailed surface and sub-surface geological and geotechnical investigations including drill holes and drift will be required to know the actual rock types, rock mass characteristics of the cavern as well as to keep suitable protective measures in the design and to optimized the location and orientation of the powerhouse. During DPR stage investigation of portals of construction adits, Main Access Tunnel and other tunnels are also to be fixed.

4.2.6 Tail Race Tunnel (TRT)

The surface is mainly covered by laterite and slope wash material. Granite gneiss at the upper portion (Northern portion) of TRT and schist (Hornblende - actinolite - chlorite schist) will be present at the lower (Southern) portion of the TRT and outfall area as reflected in the geological map (Plate 1). Detailed investigation through large scale geological and geotechnical mapping supported by a few drill holes will be required in the DPR stage investigation to assess the actual geomorphological, geological and geotechnical condition along the TRT alignment.

4.2.7 Seismicity

The project area is located in parts of North Kanara and Shimoga Districts of west central part of Karnataka. As per Seismic Zonation Map of India (Plate 3), the area lies in Seismic Zone III. A number of faults and lineaments are present around the area. Preparation of lineament map and analysis of past earthquake data will be required at the DPR stage to get an idea of seismicity of the area.



(8 x 250 MW)


However, the seismic parameters considered for Gerosoppa and Talakalale dams can also be taken for this proposed project also.

4.2.8 Construction Material

Granite gneiss is locally used for construction of road and buildings as fresh amphibolite/ ultramafic rocks are not available at shallow depth. Geological investigations will be required to find out the quarry sites of suitable rock (Granite, dolerite dykes etc.).Options for utilization of the quarry sites of already constructed projects (Talakalale Lake and Gerosoppa) may also be explored. However, during DPR stage investigation, an assessment of rock type, nature of rock mass and condition can also be done along the HRT - TRT alignment and powerhouse cavern. It is anticipated that the excavated material particularly granite gneiss and basic rock from the tunnels and powerhouse cavern may be suitable for use as coarse aggregate of concrete. However, after locating the suitable quarry sites, the engineering and mineralogical properties for the various rock types will be determined to know their suitability as coarse aggregate of concrete for wearing and non-wearing surfaces. The river sand can be used as fine aggregate of concrete after laboratory tests for which, suitable sites will be identified and scientific mining be done in an eco-friendly manner.

4.3 Conclusions and Recommendations

1. The project is located in stable shield area. The terrain is represented by mainly rocks of Peninsular Gneissic Complex and subordinately Dharwar Super Group of rocks.

2. Competent rock mass like granite gneiss with enclaves of amphibolite are likely to be present along the HRT, Pressure Shaft, Underground Power House & major portion of TRT. Metabasics of Dharwar Super Group is likely to be present at the lower reaches of TRT.

3. Hard and competent rock mass is anticipated along the HRT, Surge Shaft,

Pressure Shaft, TRT & at the Underground Power house due to presence of sufficient rock cover. Detailed geological investigations are required to fix the project layout on the basis of geological and geotechnical aspects including fixation of portals of construction adits, Main Access Tunnel and other tunnels.



(8 x 250 MW)


4. A cut & cover duct is being proposed along the intake channel to make it echo-friendly. Fair to poor rock mass is anticipated at the initial reach of HRT and near the outlet of TRT. Poor to very poor rock mass with heavy seepage zones may be encountered along the shear zones, if present. Mainly rock bolts with or without shotcrete/ SFRS and lining may be required along the tunnels. Rock bolts and SFRS are likely to be the major support system in underground power house.

5. Detailed geological and geotechnical investigations through surface mapping

and drilling/ drifting are essentially required for preparation of DPR, characterization of rock mass, sites specific assessment of project components and to work out suitable protective measures and to decipher support system.

6. Identification of quarry sites, determination of physical parameters of rock samples to know their suitability as coarse aggregate of concrete for both wearing and non- wearing surfaces are also required at the DPR stage investigations.

7. The area falls within Seismic Zone III as per Seismic Zonation Map of India.

Preparation and study of lineament map, analysis of past earthquake data will be required at the DPR stage. However, the seismic parameters considered for Gerosoppa and Talakalale dams can suitably be taken into account for this proposed project also.

8. The project, prima-facie appears to be feasible on geological and

geotechnical consideration. However, in depth study through surface and sub – surface investigations are required for detailing the project components and to decipher suitable protective measures.

PLATES

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS

(A GOVERNMENT OF INDIA UNDERTAKING)


GEOLOGICAL MAP SHOWING PROJECT LAYOUT

100

200

700

700

600

540

600

535

500

100200

300400

500500

500

540

520

540

SURGE CHAMBER

POWER HOUSE

BUTTERFLY VALVE CHAMBER

E.L- 60m

ADIT CUM MAT FORPOWER HOUSECOMPLEX

2Nos. HEAD RACE TUNNEL

(CONCRETE LINED)

700

E.L- 20m

ADIT FOR TRT

PRESSURE SHAFT (STEEL LINER)

GERUSOPPA RESERVOIRFRL - 55.00MDDL - 43.50

HINNI

TALAKALALE RESERVOIRFRL - 522.12MDDL - 520.59

E.L- 490m

LEGENDS:-

NOTES:-

1. This Project Layout is shown on enlarged Regional Geological Map (1 : 50000) of GSI

2. The Foliation and Joint data have been taken from Regional Geological Map

Granite gneiss

Amphibolite

Hornblende-actinolite-Chlorite Schist

Laterite

200m 100 0 200 400 600 800 1000mSCALE:

04080

120160200240280320360400440480520560600640660

-40-80

-120-160

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/V

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/V

??

????????

???

??

?

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?

? ????

??

?

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?

?

?????

??

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?Ob

ObOb

ObOb

Ob Ob

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Ob

ObOb

ObOb

ObOb

GrGn

SC

Ob

LEGENDS:-

GRANITE GNEISS WITH PATHCHES OF AMPHIBOLITE

TRACES OF FOLATION AND OTHER JOINTS

NOTES:-

1. THE FOLIATION AND JOINT DATA HAVE BEEN TAKEN FROM REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL MAP, WHICH MAY VARY.

2. THE JOINTS ARE SCHEMATICS.

3. AVERAGE10M. THICKNESS OF OVER BURDEN (Ob) HAS TENTATIVELY TAKEN WHICH MAY VARY PLACE TO PLACE.

4. THE YOUNGER SCHISTOSE ROCK IS LIKELY OCCURS AS OUTLIER AND THE CONTACT WITH GNEISS IS CONCEPTUAL.

??

??

?

?

?

?

?

??

?

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



GEOLOGICAL SECTION ALONGWATER CONDUCTOR SYSTEM (2-2')

HORNBLENDE- ACTINOLITE -CHLORITE SCHIST

LATERITE / SLOPE WASH MATERIAL

OVER BURDEN (Ob)

200m 100 0 200 400 600 800 1000mSCALE:

H=V =1:200

CHAPTER- 5

HYDRO POWER DEVELOPMENT IN SHARAVATHY RIVER BESIN PLANNING

Chapter – 5: Hydro Power Development In Sharavathy River Basin Planning 1



CHAPTER - 5 HYDRO POWER DEVELOPMENT

IN SHARAVATHY RIVER BASIN PLANNING 5.1 Power Development in Sharavathy Basin The Sharavathy pumped Storage H.E Project with installed capacity of 2000 MW is planned between existing Talakalale and Gerusoppa reservoir which are situated at downstream of Linganamakki reservoir on Sharavathy River. The reservoir formed by the Linganamakki dam across the River Sharavathy is the key to the optimum development of water resources of the River comprising regulating dams, diversion structures and associated 4 power stations having an aggregate installation of 1469 MW. The major components are as under.

5.1.1 Sharavathy Hydroelectric Project

The project has following components:

(i) Linganamakki dam across the Sharavathy to provide a regulating storage

capacity of 4294 MCum to regulate waters of the River. (ii) Lingnamakki dam powerhouse having an installation of 55 MW comprising

2 generating units of 27.5 MW driven by vertical axis Kaplan turbines. (iii) The powerhouse discharges are carried through a 4.3 km channel to the

Talakalale reservoir after making necessary releases for water requirement for Jog falls and Mahatama Gandhi powerhouse.

(iv) A 62.48 m high dam across the Talakalale stream to create a reservoir with live storage capacity of 13.60 MCum;

(v) A water conductor system comprising two no. Tunnels, two no. surge shafts and penstocks carry waters from Talakalale reservoir to the surface powerhouse having an installation of 1035 MW (10 generating units of 103.5 MW each driven by Pelton turbines).

5.1.2 Chakra Diversion Scheme

The waters in the Sharavathy reservoir were later augmented by diversion of the waters from the adjacent Chakra and Savehaklu streams to argument the energy generation at schemes in Sharavathy basin.




5.1.3 Gerusoppa Dam Scheme

The Sharavathy powerhouse releases into the River along with the inflows from free catchment area are utilized over the further drop in the River for power generation at Gerusoppa Dam Powerhouse (240 MW). The project, completed in 2002 comprises:

(i) A 64 m high dam across the Sharavathy near Gerusoppa village to create

a reservoir with live storage capacity of 58.21 MCum between FRL 55 m and MDDL 43.5 m.

(ii) A dam toe power station located on the right bank with an installation of 240 MW comprising 4 generating units of 60 MW each) driven by Francis turbines.

In addition Mahatma Gandhi Hydro Electric Station with installed capacity of 139.20 MW is also part of Sharavathy River basin. However this project has no role in planning of proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage scheme. The Water resources of the Sharavathy River and adjacent streams have been optimally utilised for power generation in Sharavathy Basin. Five (5) reservoirs regulate monsoon surplus waters of the Sharavathy and adjacent streams. KPCL has three major hydroelectric stations in the basin with a total installed capacity of 1330 MW.




5.2 Need For Hydroelectric/Pumped Storage capacity Addition in

Karnataka 5.2.1 Present Installed Capacity (In MW) in Karnataka and India (as on

31.01.2017) Thermal Hydro

Nuclear RES Total

Karnataka* 8461.58 3599.80 475.86 6104.54 18641.78 All India 214654.89 44189.43 5780.00 50018.00 314642.32

*Including Share of Central sector and joint Project Source: CEA Hydro Share (A on 31.01.2017) -

Karnataka 19.3% All India 14%




It would be seen from above hydro share in Karnataka is more than All India figure though it is much less than ideal mix of 40:60 as indicated in “Policy on Hydro Power Development-1998”Hydro Power development in Karnataka has not taken place at desired level due to various reasons like environmental concern, geological problems, inter-state problems, land acquisition. However as the power system demand expands, more hydro /pumped storage schemes are required to meet the peak demand. Thermal stations are best suited to meet base load and intermediate load demand.

In Karnataka also problems are being faced in taking up conventional hydro projects in Cauvery basin, Mahadayi Project (345 MW) due to inter-state aspect with Goa, Gundia (200 MW) hydro project due to environmental reasons. Pumped storage Project offers an option to meet the peaking demand. C-Step report also recommended taking up of Pumped storage schemes 5.2.2 To meet targeted peak demand sufficient installed capacity need to be planned. Present scenario (Jan 2017) of peak demand met and installed capacity in Karnataka and All – India is given below: Peak Demand Vs Installed Capacity (As on Jan 2017)

5.2.3 Central Electricity Authority has prepared “Draft National Electricity Plan”

in December 2016.The studies have been done on All- India level. As per this document, the projected peak demand and installed capacity during 2021-22 and 2026-27 is given below All India Projected Peak Demand Vs Installed Capacity (As per Draft National Plan Dec 2016)

Karnataka All India Peak Demand Met (MW) 9493 143407 Installed Capacity (MW) 18642 314842 Ratio(IC/Peak Demand) 1.96 2.19

2021-22 2026-27 Peak Demand (MW) 232317 317674 Installed Capacity (MW) 523389 640189 Ratio(IC/Peak Demand) 2.25 2. 01




From the above tables, it is felt that installed capacity planned could be around 2 times of projected peak demand. 5.2.5 As 19th Electric Power Survey (EPS) report is yet to be published, peak demand figures given in 18th EPS for Karnataka has been considered for preliminary planning for required installed capacity in Karnataka during 2021-22 to 2026-27. An additional study for required installed capacity with peak demand reduced by 10% has also been carried out.

Projected Peak Demand in Karnataka and Desirable installed capacity

* projected ** 2 times of projected demand Note: Additional Capacity means capacity required in addition to present installed capacity of 18642 MW in Karnataka.

The above study is preliminary in nature and would be revised at DPR stage based on projected power demand in Karnataka, details of projects likely to be commissioned during the above periods

Additional installed capacity shall be from ongoing schemes and new renewable and pumped storage schemes 5.2.5 As per Draft National Electricity Plan (December 2016) “The development

of pumped storage particularly in the areas with concentrated wind and solar generation would significantly improve the grid reliability and it would act as the best partner for the Renewable Energy integration”.

2021-22 2022-23* 2023-24* 2026-27 Peak Demand As per 18 EPS (MW)

18403 19614 20904 25306

Desirable Installed Capacity** (MW)

36806 39228 41808 50612

Additional Capacity Required(MW)

18164 20586 23166 31970

Peak Demand reduced by 10% (MW)

16562 17652 18814 22773

Desirable Installed capacity** (MW)

32124 35304 37628 45546

Additional Capacity Required (MW)

13482 16662 18956 27904




5.2.6 The PRDC has prepared a report on August’ 2013 for KPCL, Karnataka in which they carried out load forecasting study, generation planning and preparation of prospective plan for the period from 2012-13 to 2021-22. The report has forecasted peak demands, demand met, deficiencies as well wind capacity credit (MW) for the years 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17. As per this report, the maximum monthly peak demand has progressively increased from 10695, 11468 & 12302 MW in these three years. The report has concluded that improving wind capacity credit will depend on the flexibility of operation of future conventional generations like storage based hydro/pumped storage power plants and short term wind forecasting tools.

5.2.7 Subsequent to above, the Power System Operation Corporation Limited and National Institute of Advance Studies have conducted study in March 2015 on “Wind & Solar Energy for meeting Karnataka’s future electricity demand”. The association developed a method of estimating hourly unrestricted demand and the likelihood of meeting bulk of it from conventional sources available then and the remained from renewable sources to reduce the extent of deficit in Karnataka, which is substantial leading to economic losses and inconveniences. Analysis for 2017 & 2022 scenarios was done. The analysis for 2022 was based on the assumption of having a 1000MW, 10 hour pumped storage scheme. The report recommended a total of 4800MW of wind power, 2500MW of solar power and addition with energy storage facility (for 2022).It has concluded that combined, these are expected to reduce defict by 69% with no deficit for 7 months of the year and generate about 22% excess as expressed with deficts as a base. Thus, 200MW Sharavathy Pumped Storage Scheme will go a long way in meeting Karnataka’s future electricity demand. 5.2.8 As per report of National institute of Advance Study (March 2015) installed capacity from RES in Karnataka should be 17300 MW by 2022 to meet the projected demand. Thus 11295 MW (17300 -6105) need to be added during 2017-22 from RES. However as per Draft National Electricity Plan 8712 MW (14817-6105 MW) from RES sources is likely to be added from RES in Karnataka during 2017-22. Sharavathy PSS with proposed installed capacity of 2000 MW could fill the gap in demand.

5.2.9 The possibility of installing 1000 MW in the first stage and further 1000 MW in the second stage when system Demand further grows would also be examined. But necessary civil works need to be completed in the first stage itself.




5.2.10 Benefit of Pumped storage schemes

Pumped Storage Schemes improve over all economy of power system operation

Increase capacity utilization of thermal stations Reduce operational problem of thermal stations during light load period Availability of spinning reserve at almost no cost to the system Regulates frequency to meet sudden load changes in the network

5.3 Project Planning

5.3.1 The waters releases from the Sharavathy reservoir through Lingnamakki Powerhouse (55 MW) are carried in a hydel channel to the Talakalale reservoir, which serves as a balancing reservoir for their further utilization at Sharavathy Powerhouse (updated installed capacity: 1035 MW) located on the left bank of the River Sharavathy. The Sharavathy powerhouse releases into the River along with the inflows from free catchment area are utilized over the further drop in the River for power generation at Gerusoppa Dam Powerhouse (240 MW).

The significant storage capacity at Talakalale and Gerusoppa reservoirs as given in the Table below together with their large elevation difference of about 450 m between the two reservoirs, renders this site as one of most attractive possibilities for Pumped Storage Development in the country.

Sr. No. Reservoir FRL (m)

MDDL (m)

Live Storage (MCM)

1 Talakalale 522.12 520.59 13.6

2 Gerusoppa 55.00 43.50 58.21

5.3.2 Storage Requirement for existing Sharavathy Power House: The maximum re-regulating capacity at Talakalale reservoir would be required for one block operation of Sharavathy Power Station for 12 hours operation, which works out about 3.25 MCM when it is receiving inflow from Linganamakki reservoir.




Keeping aside the above storage for operation of existing power station as above, the remaining capacity of about 10.4 MCM could be utilized for pumped storage development, which can support a PSS installation of more than 2000 MW for 6 hours operation. The lower reservoir at Gerusoppa has comparatively large storage, which in no manner would constrain in the selection of installed capacity. 5.3.3 The factors influencing the installed capacity of pumped storage scheme at a site are the requirement of daily peaking hours of operation; operating head, live pondage in the reservoirs and their area capacity characteristics, which determine the head variations on the units. The head variation expressed by the ratio of maximum head to minimum head is preferred as below 1.5. In case of proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Scheme head variation is minimal. The daily load factor of operation of the scheme, which in turn determines the hours of operation in a day, depends on the power system requirements arrived at from the analysis of the projected system load curve at the time of commissioning of the units and taking into consideration the mix of generating stations and their characteristics. The load demand curve of Karnataka obtained from SLDC, Bangalore for November’16 and February’ 17 shows the day time peak demand requirement reaching 2007 MW and 1766MW respectively (Annex-1 and Annex-2 enclosed). An in-depth study is to be undertaken for confirmation of installed capacity at the time of DPR preparation. However, for the purpose of PFR study, peaking operation of the scheme has been considered as 6 hours. The assessment of storage requirement in the ponds for power generation has been carried out on the basis of daily operation. 5.3.4 Simulation of Daily Operation

The area-capacity curve of Talakalale reservoir which is proposed as upper reservoir and Gerusoppa reservoir ,proposed as lower reservoir have been given as Annex-3 and Annex-4. The operation of the scheme in either mode viz. generation or pumping, results in continuous change in the levels of the two reservoirs as also consequently change in the operating head on the machines. The impact of such continuous variations in head is best captured by simulation of operation of the scheme considering shorter time intervals of 9 minutes. The detailed preliminary operation simulation studies of the Scheme have been




carried out to considering 40 time intervals of 9 minutes each for 6 hours generating cycle to assess storage requirement for proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Scheme for different installed capacity starting from 1000 MW to 2000 MW with interval of 250 MW. The details of the studies for 2000 MW are given at Annex-5 and Annex-6. The storage requirements for different installed capacity is given in the table below: Sharavathy PSS- Storage Requirement (MCM) for Different Installed Capacity for 6

hours peaking operation

Installed Capacity (MW)

Total Storage Requirement (MCM)

Storage Required for existing Sharavathy

HEP (MCM)*

Storage Required for Sharavathy PSS

(MCM) 1000 6.81 1.63 5.18 1250 8.11 1.63 6.48 1500 9.41 1.63 7.78 1750 10.7 1.63 9.07 2000 12.0 1.63 10.37

* During 6 hours of peaking operation It would be seen from above that sufficient storage is available at upper reservoir for Sharavathy Pumped Storage scheme for installation of 2000 MW. The lower reservoir at Gerusoppa with live storage of 58.21 MCM would not pose any constrain in the selection of installed capacity. The energy generation/pumping energy requirement and determine the various parameters of the scheme such as operating levels of the two reservoirs, pondage requirement and the installed capacity. An average efficiency of reversible units has been considered as 92% in generating mode and 90% in the pumping mode. The cycle efficiency has been worked out as 80.9%. With installed capacity of 2000 MW, daily generation for 6 hours peaking would be 12000 MWHr. Daily pumping energy requirement would be 14833.33 MWHr (Depends on cycle efficiency). 5.4 Studies Proposed at DPR stage:

At DPR stage detailed power planning studies shall be carried out which inter-alia would include the following:




i) Consideration of environment flow (e-flow).if any, in reservoir simulation studies.

ii) Finalized power demand projections of Karnataka. iii) Role of Sharavathy PSS in projected system daily load curves at the time

of commissioning of units of Sharavathy PSS taking into account mix of generating stations likely to be available and their characteristics.

iv) Study of Requirement/ availability of off- peak energy v) Source of off-peak energy (Within or outside Karnataka) and its rate. vi) After taking into consideration the finalized demand projection& availability

of off-peak energy scenario, the possibility of installing 1000 MW in the initial stage and further 1000 MW in the later stage when system demand further grows and availability of off-peak energy increases, would also be examined. However necessary Civil works need to be completed in the first stage itself.

ANNEXURE 5

Annex - 5

Operating Levels and Storage available at Existing Reservoirs Scenario 1: Operating Levels considered for Operation Simulation

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

FRL 522.12 129.86 FRL 55.00 130.59 FRL-PS Operation 522.12 129.86 FRL-PS Operation 54.70 128.88MDDL 520.59 116.22 MDDL 43.50 72.38 MDDL-PS Operation 520.76 117.86 MDDL-PS Operation 51.50 113.09Live Storage 13.64 Live Storage 58.21 Pondage for PS Operation 12.00 Pondage for PS Operation 15.79

InitialPondLevel(m)

InitialStorage(MCum)

OutflowfromPond

(MCum)

FinalStorage(MCum)

FinalPondLevel(m)

AveragePondLevel(m)

InitialPondLevel(m)


Inflowinto Pond(MCum)

FinalStorage(MCum)

FinalPondLevel(m)

AveragePondLevel(m)

1 9.0 2000.0 478.04 522.12 129.86 0.30 129.56 522.09 522.10 51.50 113.09 0.39 113.48 51.58 51.54 463.56 300.00 175.56 250.68 0.042 9.0 2000.0 478.16 522.09 129.56 0.30 129.26 522.05 522.07 51.58 113.48 0.39 113.88 51.66 51.62 463.45 300.00 175.56 250.69 0.043 9.0 2000.0 478.28 522.05 129.26 0.30 128.96 522.02 522.04 51.66 113.88 0.39 114.27 51.74 51.70 463.34 300.00 175.56 250.69 0.044 9.0 2000.0 478.39 522.02 128.96 0.30 128.66 521.98 522.00 51.74 114.27 0.39 114.66 51.82 51.78 463.22 300.00 175.56 250.70 0.045 9.0 2000.0 478.51 521.98 128.66 0.30 128.37 521.95 521.97 51.82 114.66 0.39 115.06 51.90 51.86 463.11 300.00 175.56 250.71 0.046 9.0 2000.0 478.63 521.95 128.37 0.30 128.07 521.92 521.93 51.90 115.06 0.39 115.45 51.98 51.94 462.99 300.00 175.56 250.71 0.047 9.0 2000.0 478.75 521.92 128.07 0.30 127.77 521.88 521.90 51.98 115.45 0.39 115.85 52.06 52.02 462.88 300.00 175.56 250.72 0.048 9.0 2000.0 478.86 521.88 127.77 0.30 127.47 521.85 521.87 52.06 115.85 0.39 116.24 52.14 52.10 462.77 300.00 175.56 250.73 0.049 9.0 2000.0 478.98 521.85 127.47 0.30 127.17 521.81 521.83 52.14 116.24 0.39 116.63 52.22 52.18 462.65 300.00 175.56 250.74 0.04

10 9.0 2000.0 479.10 521.81 127.17 0.30 126.87 521.78 521.80 52.22 116.63 0.39 117.03 52.30 52.26 462.54 300.00 175.56 250.74 0.0411 9.0 2000.0 479.22 521.78 126.87 0.30 126.57 521.75 521.76 52.30 117.03 0.39 117.42 52.38 52.34 462.42 300.00 175.56 250.75 0.0412 9.0 2000.0 479.34 521.75 126.57 0.30 126.27 521.71 521.73 52.38 117.42 0.39 117.82 52.46 52.42 462.31 300.00 175.56 250.76 0.0413 9.0 2000.0 479.46 521.71 126.27 0.30 125.97 521.68 521.70 52.46 117.82 0.39 118.21 52.54 52.50 462.20 300.00 175.56 250.76 0.0414 9.0 2000.0 479.57 521.68 125.97 0.30 125.67 521.64 521.66 52.54 118.21 0.39 118.61 52.62 52.58 462.08 300.00 175.56 250.77 0.0415 9.0 2000.0 479.69 521.64 125.67 0.30 125.37 521.61 521.63 52.62 118.61 0.39 119.00 52.70 52.66 461.97 300.00 175.56 250.78 0.0416 9.0 2000.0 479.81 521.61 125.37 0.30 125.07 521.58 521.59 52.70 119.00 0.39 119.39 52.78 52.74 461.85 300.00 175.56 250.79 0.0417 9.0 2000.0 479.93 521.58 125.07 0.30 124.77 521.54 521.56 52.78 119.39 0.39 119.79 52.86 52.82 461.74 300.00 175.56 250.79 0.0418 9.0 2000.0 480.05 521.54 124.77 0.30 124.47 521.51 521.53 52.86 119.79 0.39 120.18 52.94 52.90 461.63 300.00 175.56 250.80 0.0419 9.0 2000.0 480.17 521.51 124.47 0.30 124.17 521.47 521.49 52.94 120.18 0.39 120.58 53.02 52.98 461.51 300.00 175.56 250.81 0.0420 9.0 2000.0 480.28 521.47 124.17 0.30 123.87 521.44 521.46 53.02 120.58 0.39 120.97 53.10 53.06 461.40 300.00 175.56 250.81 0.0421 9.0 2000.0 480.40 521.44 123.87 0.30 123.57 521.41 521.42 53.10 120.97 0.39 121.37 53.18 53.14 461.28 300.00 175.56 250.82 0.0422 9.0 2000.0 480.52 521.41 123.57 0.30 123.27 521.37 521.39 53.18 121.37 0.39 121.76 53.26 53.22 461.17 300.00 175.56 250.83 0.0423 9.0 2000.0 480.64 521.37 123.27 0.30 122.97 521.34 521.36 53.26 121.76 0.39 122.16 53.34 53.30 461.06 300.00 175.56 250.84 0.0424 9.0 2000.0 480.76 521.34 122.97 0.30 122.67 521.30 521.32 53.34 122.16 0.40 122.55 53.42 53.38 460.94 300.00 175.56 250.84 0.0425 9.0 2000.0 480.88 521.30 122.67 0.30 122.37 521.27 521.29 53.42 122.55 0.40 122.95 53.50 53.46 460.83 300.00 175.56 250.85 0.0426 9.0 2000.0 481.00 521.27 122.37 0.30 122.07 521.24 521.25 53.50 122.95 0.40 123.34 53.58 53.54 460.71 300.00 175.56 250.86 0.0427 9.0 2000.0 481.12 521.24 122.07 0.30 121.77 521.20 521.22 53.58 123.34 0.40 123.74 53.66 53.62 460.60 300.00 175.56 250.86 0.0428 9.0 2000.0 481.24 521.20 121.77 0.30 121.47 521.17 521.19 53.66 123.74 0.40 124.13 53.74 53.70 460.49 300.00 175.56 250.87 0.0429 9.0 2000.0 481.35 521.17 121.47 0.30 121.17 521.13 521.15 53.74 124.13 0.40 124.53 53.82 53.78 460.37 300.00 175.56 250.88 0.0430 9.0 2000.0 481.47 521.13 121.17 0.30 120.87 521.10 521.12 53.82 124.53 0.40 124.92 53.90 53.86 460.26 300.00 175.56 250.89 0.0431 9.0 2000.0 481.59 521.10 120.87 0.30 120.57 521.07 521.08 53.90 124.92 0.40 125.32 53.98 53.94 460.14 300.00 175.56 250.89 0.0432 9.0 2000.0 481.71 521.07 120.57 0.30 120.27 521.03 521.05 53.98 125.32 0.40 125.72 54.06 54.02 460.03 300.00 175.56 250.90 0.0433 9.0 2000.0 481.83 521.03 120.27 0.30 119.97 521.00 521.02 54.06 125.72 0.40 126.11 54.14 54.10 459.92 300.00 175.56 250.91 0.0434 9.0 2000.0 481.95 521.00 119.97 0.30 119.67 520.96 520.98 54.14 126.11 0.40 126.51 54.22 54.18 459.80 300.00 175.56 250.91 0.0435 9.0 2000.0 482.07 520.96 119.67 0.30 119.37 520.93 520.95 54.22 126.51 0.40 126.90 54.30 54.26 459.69 300.00 175.56 250.92 0.0436 9.0 2000.0 482.19 520.93 119.37 0.30 119.06 520.90 520.91 54.30 126.90 0.40 127.30 54.38 54.34 459.57 300.00 175.56 250.93 0.0437 9.0 2000.0 482.31 520.90 119.06 0.30 118.76 520.86 520.88 54.38 127.30 0.40 127.69 54.46 54.42 459.46 300.00 175.56 250.94 0.0438 9.0 2000.0 482.43 520.86 118.76 0.30 118.46 520.83 520.85 54.46 127.69 0.40 128.09 54.54 54.50 459.35 300.00 175.56 250.94 0.0439 9.0 2000.0 482.55 520.83 118.46 0.30 118.16 520.79 520.81 54.54 128.09 0.40 128.49 54.62 54.58 459.23 300.00 175.56 250.95 0.0440 9.0 2000.0 482.67 520.79 118.16 0.30 117.86 520.76 520.78 54.62 128.49 0.40 128.88 54.70 54.66 459.12 300.00 175.56 250.96 0.04

360.00 12.00 15.79 12000.00 1.63MCum - Million Cubic Metres

Minimum Average Net Head (m) 254.50Maximum Average Net Head (m) 258.48Head Loss (m) 7.00Generating mode effficiency 0.92

AverageNet

Head(m)

EnergyGenerati

on(MWh)

inflowsfrom

Linganmakki

reservior

outflowdrawn byexisting

Sharawathy

outflowdrawn byexisting

Sharawathy

IntervalNo

TimeInterval

(Minutes)

StationOutput(MW)

Discharge(cumecs)

Upper Pond Lower Pond

Sharawathy Pumped Storage Project H.E. Project, KarnatakaGeneration Operation Simulation Studies

Talakalale - Upper reservoir Gerusoppa - Lower reservoir Talakalale - Upper reservoir Gerusoppa - Lower reservoir

ANNEXURE 6

Annex-6

Operating Levels and Storage available at Existing Reservoirs Scenario 1: Operating Levels considered for Operation Simulation

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

Level(m)

Storage(MCum)

FRL 522.12 129.86 FRL 55.00 130.59 FRL-PS Operation 521.83 126.58 FRL-PS Operation 55.00 130.59MDDL 520.59 116.22 MDDL 43.50 72.38 MDDL-PS Operation 520.59 116.22 MDDL-PS Operation 52.60 120.23Live Storage 13.64 Live Storage 58.21 Pondage for PS Operation 10.36 Pondage for PS Operation 10.36

InitialPondLevel(m)


Inflowinto Pond(MCum)

FinalStorage(MCum)

FinalPondLevel(m)

AveragePondLevel(m)

InitialPondLevel(m)


OutflowfromPond

(MCum)

FinalStorage(MCum)

FinalPondLevel(m)

AveragePondLevel(m)

1 12.0 2000.0 389.44 520.59 116.22 0.28 116.50 520.62 520.61 55.00 130.59 0.28 130.31 54.94 54.97 471.64 400.002 12.0 2000.0 389.36 520.62 116.50 0.28 116.78 520.65 520.64 54.94 130.31 0.28 130.03 54.88 54.91 471.73 400.003 12.0 2000.0 389.29 520.65 116.78 0.28 117.06 520.68 520.67 54.88 130.03 0.28 129.75 54.82 54.85 471.82 400.004 12.0 2000.0 389.21 520.68 117.06 0.28 117.34 520.71 520.70 54.82 129.75 0.28 129.47 54.76 54.79 471.91 400.005 12.0 2000.0 389.14 520.71 117.34 0.28 117.62 520.75 520.73 54.76 129.47 0.28 129.19 54.70 54.73 472.00 400.006 12.0 2000.0 389.06 520.75 117.62 0.28 117.90 520.78 520.76 54.70 129.19 0.28 128.91 54.64 54.67 472.09 400.007 12.0 2000.0 388.99 520.78 117.90 0.28 118.18 520.81 520.79 54.64 128.91 0.28 128.63 54.58 54.61 472.18 400.008 12.0 2000.0 388.91 520.81 118.18 0.28 118.46 520.84 520.82 54.58 128.63 0.28 128.35 54.52 54.55 472.27 400.009 12.0 2000.0 388.84 520.84 118.46 0.28 118.74 520.87 520.85 54.52 128.35 0.28 128.07 54.46 54.49 472.36 400.00

10 12.0 2000.0 388.76 520.87 118.74 0.28 119.02 520.90 520.88 54.46 128.07 0.28 127.79 54.40 54.43 472.45 400.0011 12.0 2000.0 388.69 520.90 119.02 0.28 119.30 520.93 520.92 54.40 127.79 0.28 127.51 54.34 54.37 472.55 400.0012 12.0 2000.0 388.61 520.93 119.30 0.28 119.58 520.96 520.95 54.34 127.51 0.28 127.23 54.28 54.31 472.64 400.0013 12.0 2000.0 388.54 520.96 119.58 0.28 119.86 520.99 520.98 54.28 127.23 0.28 126.95 54.22 54.25 472.73 400.0014 12.0 2000.0 388.47 520.99 119.86 0.28 120.14 521.02 521.01 54.22 126.95 0.28 126.67 54.16 54.19 472.82 400.0015 12.0 2000.0 388.39 521.02 120.14 0.28 120.42 521.05 521.04 54.16 126.67 0.28 126.39 54.10 54.13 472.91 400.0016 12.0 2000.0 388.32 521.05 120.42 0.28 120.70 521.09 521.07 54.10 126.39 0.28 126.11 54.04 54.07 473.00 400.0017 12.0 2000.0 388.24 521.09 120.70 0.28 120.98 521.12 521.10 54.04 126.11 0.28 125.83 53.98 54.01 473.09 400.0018 12.0 2000.0 388.17 521.12 120.98 0.28 121.26 521.15 521.13 53.98 125.83 0.28 125.55 53.92 53.95 473.18 400.0019 12.0 2000.0 388.09 521.15 121.26 0.28 121.54 521.18 521.16 53.92 125.55 0.28 125.27 53.86 53.89 473.27 400.0020 12.0 2000.0 388.02 521.18 121.54 0.28 121.82 521.21 521.19 53.86 125.27 0.28 124.99 53.80 53.83 473.36 400.0021 12.0 2000.0 387.94 521.21 121.82 0.28 122.10 521.24 521.23 53.80 124.99 0.28 124.71 53.74 53.77 473.46 400.0022 12.0 2000.0 387.87 521.24 122.10 0.28 122.38 521.27 521.26 53.74 124.71 0.28 124.43 53.68 53.71 473.55 400.0023 12.0 2000.0 387.79 521.27 122.38 0.28 122.66 521.30 521.29 53.68 124.43 0.28 124.15 53.62 53.65 473.64 400.0024 12.0 2000.0 387.72 521.30 122.66 0.28 122.93 521.33 521.32 53.62 124.15 0.28 123.88 53.56 53.59 473.73 400.0025 12.0 2000.0 387.64 521.33 122.93 0.28 123.21 521.36 521.35 53.56 123.88 0.28 123.60 53.50 53.53 473.82 400.0026 12.0 2000.0 387.57 521.36 123.21 0.28 123.49 521.40 521.38 53.50 123.60 0.28 123.32 53.44 53.47 473.91 400.0027 12.0 2000.0 387.50 521.40 123.49 0.28 123.77 521.43 521.41 53.44 123.32 0.28 123.04 53.38 53.41 474.00 400.0028 12.0 2000.0 387.42 521.43 123.77 0.28 124.05 521.46 521.44 53.38 123.04 0.28 122.76 53.32 53.35 474.09 400.0029 12.0 2000.0 387.35 521.46 124.05 0.28 124.33 521.49 521.47 53.32 122.76 0.28 122.48 53.26 53.29 474.18 400.0030 12.0 2000.0 387.27 521.49 124.33 0.28 124.61 521.52 521.50 53.26 122.48 0.28 122.20 53.20 53.23 474.27 400.0031 12.0 2000.0 387.20 521.52 124.61 0.28 124.89 521.55 521.54 53.20 122.20 0.28 121.92 53.14 53.17 474.37 400.0032 12.0 2000.0 387.12 521.55 124.89 0.28 125.17 521.58 521.57 53.14 121.92 0.28 121.64 53.08 53.11 474.46 400.0033 12.0 2000.0 387.05 521.58 125.17 0.28 125.44 521.61 521.60 53.08 121.64 0.28 121.37 53.02 53.05 474.55 400.0034 12.0 2000.0 386.98 521.61 125.44 0.28 125.72 521.64 521.63 53.02 121.37 0.28 121.09 52.96 52.99 474.64 400.0035 12.0 2000.0 386.90 521.64 125.72 0.28 126.00 521.67 521.66 52.96 121.09 0.28 120.81 52.90 52.93 474.73 400.0036 12.0 2000.0 386.83 521.67 126.00 0.28 126.28 521.71 521.69 52.90 120.81 0.28 120.53 52.84 52.87 474.82 400.0037 12.0 2000.0 386.75 521.71 126.28 0.28 126.56 521.74 521.72 52.84 120.53 0.28 120.25 52.78 52.81 474.91 400.0038 1.0 2000.0 386.68 521.74 126.56 0.02 126.58 521.77 521.75 52.78 120.25 0.02 120.23 52.72 52.75 475.00 33.3339 0.0 2000.0 386.60 521.77 126.58 0.00 126.58 521.80 521.78 52.72 120.23 0.00 120.23 52.66 52.69 475.09 0.0040 0.0 2000.0 386.53 521.80 126.58 0.00 126.58 521.83 521.81 52.66 120.23 0.00 120.23 52.60 52.63 475.18 0.00

445.00 10.36 10.36 14833.33MCum - Million Cubic Metres

Minimum Average Net Head (m) 254.50Maximum Average Net Head (m) 258.48Head Loss (m) 6.00Generating mode effficiency 0.90

AverageNet

Head(m)

EnergyConsump

t- -ion(MWh)

IntervalNo

TimeInterval

(Minutes)

Motor-PumpPower(MW)

PumpDischarge(cumecs)

Upper Pond Lower Pond

Sharawathy Pumped Storage Project H.E. Project, KarnatakaPumping Operation Simulation Studies

Talakalale - Upper reservoir Gerusoppa - Lower reservoir Talakalale - Upper reservoir Gerusoppa - Lower reservoir

CHAPTER- 6

PLANNING & DESIGN OF CIVIL STRUCTURES

Chapter – 6: Civil Design 1



CHAPTER – 6

PLANNING & DESIGN OF CIVIL STRUCTURES

6.1 Introduction The existing Sharavathy Hydroelectric Project is a major hydroelectric project with an installed capacity of 1035 MW with 10 units of 103.5 MW. Linganamakki Dam is the main reservoir of the project. Water released through Lingnamakki Dam Powerhouse (2X27.5=55 MW) reaches Talakalale reservoir which is a balancing head pond/reservoir for further utilization at Sharavathy Powerhouse (1035 MW) located on the left bank of the river Sharavathy. Mahatma Gandhi Hydroelectric (MGHE) station with an installed capacity of 139.2 MW is also situated at the downstream of Linganamakki Dam. The water released from Sharavathy PH and MGHE is utilized in the Gerusoppa reservoir for power generation through dam power house of installed capacity 240 MW (4X60).




Hydraulic Flow diagram of all hydraulic structures and power houses on river Sharavathy and its tributaries up to Arabian Sea is shown above. Present Proposal:

Since there is a significant head about 450m available between existing Talakalale reservoir and Gerusoppa reservoir with adequate storage available, possibility of installation of new pumped storage project exists. The scheme is attractive as both the dams are already existing and hence only water conductor system and Power house complex needs to be constructed. The proposed pumped storage scheme envisages to utilize existing dams and new water conductor system and Power House complex as under: 1. Upper Reservoir: The existing Talakalale dam which is a 62.48 m high commissioned in 1963 and acts as balancing reservoir for the existing Sharavathy H.E. project is proposed to be the upper reservoir of the Pumped Storage scheme. The proposed pumped storage installation does not envisages any modification in the existing operating levels of the reservoir. In addition, the proposed intake of the pumped storage project is located at a separate location away from the existing intake of the existing Sharavathy H.E. project. 2. Lower Reservoir:

The existing Gerusoppa dam which is a 64 m high composite dam (Gravity and earthen) commissioned in 2001 is proposed to be the lower reservoir of the proposed pumped storage scheme. The proposed pumped storage installation does not envisages any modification in the existing operating levels of the reservoir. 3. PSP Power Intake Two number of intake structures have been proposed from the reservoir rim about 5 km away from the existing intake location of Sharavathy HE project. The factors considered while selecting the location of intake include topography, geology and to avoid/minimize land requirement being eco-sensitive zone. Besides above, optimum layout requirements has also considered to suit the alignment of the Water Conductor.




As already mentioned, PSP intake is placed away from Talakalale dam in order to avoid any interference with all the existing structures.

The intake position further takes in consideration the following:

- Intake structure doesn’t affect adverse impact to the upper dam.

- Portal of tunnel is to be in good rock condition and to have enough rock cover for avoidance of landslide of the cut slope, rock fall, etc.

- An inlet is to be vertically arranged for avoidance of adverse impact on sedimentation, vortex and air inflow to waterway.

The PSP Intake is composed of the following structures:

- Inlet with trash rack and anti-vortex louver

- Conduit between the end of inlet and Intake Gate

- Intake Gate Shaft

(1) Inlet

Waterway of a pumped storage power plant is pressure one, so an inlet of a pumped storage power plant also comes to pressure type. Concerning vertical arrangement of an inlet for a pressure conduit, it is generally said that water depth from sill of an inlet to the minimum water level should be 1.5 to 2.0 times as high as internal diameter of the connecting pressure conduit in order to prevent air from flowing into the pressure conduit. Concerning hydraulic design, criteria on hydraulic design for intake of a Pumped Storage Power Station isn’t specified in the Indian Standard even though “Criteria for hydraulic Design of Hydropower Intakes (IS 9761)” specifies criteria for a

conventional hydraulic power station. As mentioned below, an intake of a pumped storage power station has the following characteristics in difference from a conventional hydraulic power station;

- Both an intake and a tailrace outlet are to function as an intake as well as an outlet since directions in generating and pumping modes are exact reverse even though hydraulic feature is quite different between water intake and discharge.

- There is a possibility that vortex easily comes into being for the reason that water depth between a surface to an intake comes to small near the maximum draw-down level.




- It is difficult that water flow discharged from an inlet or outlet evenly diffuses into a reservoir because flow velocity of a pumped storage power station is generally faster than that of a conventional hydraulic power station.

As mentioned above, it is found that hydraulic functions to be required for an intake are different between a pumped storage power station and a conventional hydraulic power station. Therefore, in order to design of an intake and an outlet of a pumped storage power station, the provisions of the above mentioned Indian standard which is specified for only a conventional hydraulic power station, was not applied. The inlet and outlet is designed in accordance with the guideline proposed by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry in Japan which has been mostly applied to design for intakes and outlets of a lot of pumped storage power station. As a result, the inlet structure is designed and the drawing is provided in drawing no. WAP/Sharavathy-PSP/06 & 07

4. Waterway & Powerhouse

The alignment of the waterway from the intake to the tailrace outlet is studied under the following conditions;

Length of waterway is tried to be shortest.

The portion of water way is aligned in such a way that it is completely kept underground and shortest.

Both intake and tailrace outlet don’t affect upper and lower dams.

There are eight reversible units. There are two u/s surge shafts one each for HRT. Two penstock emanate from each surge shaft. Each penstock is further divided into two lines in the bifurcation. Accordingly 4pressure shafts bifurcate in to eight manifolds to feed the eight units. In the d/s side eight draft tunnels extend from the powerhouse and enter in to d/s surge gallery. Consequently, two tailraces emanate from d/s surge gallery and take water to lower reservoir.

Longitudinal axis of the powerhouse cavern is to be aligned from N45W-S45E to N60W-S60E in accordance with the foliation strike and it is aligned at 350 from the foliation direction.

It goes without saying that the powerhouse cavern is to be positioned with enough rock cover on the powerhouse cavern for stability of the cavern. In this regard, the rock cover on the powerhouse cavern should be more than twice of height of the cavern plus some allowance. The




crown elevation of the powerhouse cavern is at EL.37.5 m and the ground elevation above the powerhouse cavern is almost EL.312 m. Consequently, the rock cover is almost estimated as 274 m, which is almost 5.2 times as high as the height of the powerhouse cavern, so that the powerhouse cavern is deemed to have enough rock cover.

6.2 Water Conductor System

Alignment and profile of the waterway is also one of major elements to be optimized in the selection of optimum general layout, because it governs other layouts of structures such as switchyard, access tunnel etc. therefore, comparative study on location of the waterway is conducted. Then, an optimum profile of the waterway is selected through comparative study among various alternatives. Two nos. concrete lined headrace has been provided. Considering the long length of HRT, each HRT is connected to underground surge tank to take care of the transient in the system. Beyond the surge shafts 2 nos inclined steel lined pressure shafts emanate from the surge shafts. The pressure shafts connects to an underground powerhouse. After the power house a d/s surge gallery has been provided to take care of the transient requirement of the tail race tunnels. Head Race Tunnel (concrete lined) Two number 9 m diameter concrete lined HRT’s emanate from intake at an EL 503.0 m. Initial stretch of 72 m of HRT is horizontal thereafter HRT joins underground surge shaft of diameter 16m and height 52m. Two pressure of dia 5.25m each emanate from each surge shaft. There after a butterfly valve chamber has been provided. Then pressure shafts negotiates an inclined bend of 42˚ and moves upto EL 489.37 m for a inclined length of 668 m. Thereafter the liners run horizontally for a distance of 100 meter upto the proposed location of bifurcation point (For details refer drawing no. WAP/Sharavathy-PSP/06&07). The each liner is bifurcated into two branches of 3.64 m.

The thickness of concrete lining and steel lining has been assessed keeping in view the internal pressure including water hammer and external pressure acting in the event of sudden dewatering of Tunnel.

Diameter as proposed for HRT and penstock is based on the velocity consideration however economic diameter studies may be done at DPR




stage. Plate thickness is being assessed considering both internal water pressure plus increase in head due to water hammer as well as external pressure. Design criteria The hydraulic and structural design of pressure shaft/penstock is based on following criteria:

- Steel liner has been designed to take the entire internal pressure independently without any rock participation

- Steel liner has been capable to withstand maximum external pressure under empty condition

- Penstock has been designed for loading condition at mid span and at the supports where additional stresses are developed.

- Sickle plate for penstock manifold should take care of all unbalanced forces at the point of bifurcation.

Underground Power House & Underground Transformer Hall Eight units of 250 MW capacity reversible Francis Turbine have been proposed to be installed in the power house. The proposed layout includes the following underground openings:

Machine hall cavern Underground Transformer Hall Bus duct Draft tube tunnels Unit tail race tunnels Combined Tail race Tunnel Main Access Tunnel Construction adits Cable Tunnel

6.2.1 Machine Hall Cavern

The machine hall cavern would be 323.8m in length, 22m in width and the overall height of the power house cavity from the lowest excavation of the turbine pit would be 53 m. The generating units would be spaced at 26 m center to center. The entrance to the Machine hall cavern shall be through




Main Access Tunnel (MAT). The auxiliary rooms shall be located at different floors provided on the services bay side of the machine hall cavern. The penstock for each generating unit would enter the power house horizontally making an angle of 90˚ with the power house longitudinal direction and accommodate the main inlet valve in the machine hall. The penstock for each unit will terminate into a distributor feeding the turbine nozzles. The center line of the horizontal penstocks entering the power house cavity would be EI. - 3.5 m in line with nozzles of the turbines. The roof of machine hall cavern has been provided with a circular arch shape with crown rise of 5.50 m from the spring level. The roof and walls of the power house cavern are supported by systematic rock bolting and shotcreting (SFRS). Where the rock mass is of poor quality (‘Q’ value from 1.0 to 2.0), the

roof is supported with the combination of shotcrete (SFRS), rock bolts and steel ribs. Provision of drainage holes in regular way has also been made for roof and walls for draining the rock mass adjoining the cavern. RCC columns of size 1500 mm x 1500 mm are proposed for supporting the EOT crane beam. A clearance of about 500 mm has been provided between the column edge and excavated rock surface to take care of the convergence of power house walls. 6.2.2 Transformer Cavern

The transformer cavern would be 282.17 m long, its width and height being 20 m and 29 m, respectively. It accommodates 4 unit transformers at EI. 12.00 m. The roof arch of this cavity would be of circular arch shape with 4.0 m rise of crown from the spring level. As in the machine hall cavity, the roof and walls of the transformer cavity are also supported by systematic rock bolting and shotcreting (SFRS). Where the rock mass is of poor quality (‘Q’ value from 1.0 to 2.0), the roof is supported with the combination of shotcrete (SFRS), rock bolts and steel ribs. Provision of drainage holes in regular way has also been made for roof and walls for draining the rock mass adjoining the cavern.




6.2.3 Tail Race Tunnel

Layout The water coming out of the draft tube is again fed into the lower reservoir through two Tail Race tunnels. Being a Francis turbine the flow in the unit tail race & manifold d/s of TRT gate is under pressure. The size of tail race tunnel after manifold has been worked in such a way that there will be pressure flow in the entire length of TRT. The bed slope of TRT was fixed in such a way that cross-section be minimum for safe velocity of concrete lined tunnel. The invert level of outlet shall be kept below the MMDL water level of lower reservoir The TRT should maintain pressure-flow condition for all discharges. 10 m Circular-shape concrete lined tunnel has been provided for the purpose. The velocity in the tunnel for design discharge of about 250 cumecs in each tunnel will be m/s. Transient Analysis

Calculation on water hammer is carried out to grasp the hydraulic transient phenomena in cases of shut-off of both power generation and pumping up. Through this calculation, it is verified whether negative pressure doesn’t arise

for avoidance of water column separation. And also, internal pressure for design of steel liner is also obtained.

Conditions for the calculation and conceptual model of the waterway are shown below. In this calculation, lengths of the bifurcated waterway before and after the Powerhouse are assumed as same, namely, it is assumed that the waterway is symmetrical.

Following configuration has been provided in the Layout:

1. Head Race Tunnel

Description Diameter Length /Height Upper Horizontal Portion

(HRT) 9 m

2726 m ( including cut & cover portion 427 m)

Surge Shaft 16 m ( Circular) EL 546 m (52 m) Inclined Portion

(steel Liner) 5.25 m 668 m

Bottom Hor. Portion Steel Liner

5.25 m 100 m




2. Tail Race Tunnel

Description Diameter Length /Height

TRT 10m 3780 m

Surge gallery - 60 m (L) X 15 m (W) X 81 m (H)

Bottom Hor. Portion Steel Liner

- 100 m

3. Conditions for Water Hammer Calculation

Case-1 : Shut-off of Generation

Case-2 : Shut-off of Pumping Up

Water Level of Upper Reservoir

EL.522.12 m (F.R.L) EL.520.59 m (M.D.D.L)

Water Level of Lower Reservoir

EL.43.50 m (M.D.D.L) El.55.00 m (F.R.L)

Discharge per Unit 0 sec 125 m3/s

4.5 sec 84.5 m3/s 21.5 sec 0.0 m3/s

0 sec 125 m3/s 13.5 sec 16.20 m3/s 23.5 sec 0.0 m3/s

Closing Mode of Guide Vane

See Figure below See Figure below

Guide Vane Closing Modes for Shut-off in Power Generation and in Pumping




Conceptual Model for Water Hammer Calculation

Based on the result, steel penstock is designed. And, it is found that no negative pressure arises all along the waterway.

Results for Water Hammer Calculation (HRT)

1. Generation Elevation Max. Head Min. Head

u/s Surge Shaft Bottom EL.489.37 m EL. 543.04 m EL. 510.30 m Center of Turbine EL. (-)3.5 m EL. 562.56 m EL. 510.30 m

2. Pumping

Elevation Max. Head Min. Head

u/s Surge Shaft Bottom EL.489.37 m EL. 532.07 m EL. 499.40 m Center of Turbine EL. (-)3.5 m EL. 532.07 m EL. 477.89 m

Results for Water Hammer Calculation (TRT)

1. Generation


d/s Surge Gallery Bottom EL. (-)1.2 m EL. 71.64 m EL. 13.68 Center of Turbine EL. (-)3.5 m EL. 71.52 m EL. 13.71 m

2. Pumping


d/s Surge Gallery Bottom EL.(-) 1.2 m EL. 70.06 m EL. 40.30 m

Center of Turbine EL. (-)3.5 m EL. 70.06 m EL. 40.30 m

Lower Reservoir

Upper Reservoir

Tailrace

Headrace

Penstock Powerhouse

CHAPTER- 7

ELECTRO-MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS

Chapter – 7: Electro-mechanical Equipment’s 1



CHAPTER - 7

ELECTRO-MECHANCIAL EQUIPMENTS 7.1 General The proposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project of 2000 MW is envisaged to have 8 vertical pump-turbine driven motor-generator units each of rating 250MW and operating under a rated net head of 458.61 m (Generation mode) and 473.61 m (Pumping mode) in an underground power house. The electrical power shall be conducted through 24 kV Isolated Phase Bus Ducts (IPBs) passing through 8 Nos. Bus Duct tunnels and then terminating on LT side of twenty four nos. of single phase step up 18/400/√3kV, 102 MVA (Bank rating 306 MVA) Main Transformers located in transformer hall cavern. HT side of Transformers shall be connected to 400 kV GIS located above transformer hall. 400 kV XLPE cables laid in cable tunnel shall be used for interconnecting underground transformer cavern with Pothead yard. Two double circuit 400 kV transmission lines shall transmit power to & from 400kV GIS at Sharavathy pumped storage project. 7.2 Layout Plan of Electro-Mechanical Equipment The Sharavathy pumped storage scheme consists of the existing Talakalale upper reservoir and Gerusoppa lower reservoir by constructing suitable intake structures on the reservoirs and water conductor system connecting the reservoirs through an underground power house complex equipped with eight numbers of Generator- Motor driven Pump-Turbine units of 250 MW each along with all the auxiliary systems such as cooling water system, compressed air system, potable water supply system, fire protection system, ventilation and air conditioning system, illumination system, HT & LT AC and DC systems etc. The entrance to the Machine hall cavern shall be through the Main Access Tunnel (MAT). The machine hall at EL 12.0 m shall be 323.8 m in length (Including 55 m long service bay) and 22 m in width. The height of machine hall cavern shall be 51 m. The Transformer cum- GIS hall cavern is located 45 m downstream of main power house cavern. Size of the cavern shall be 282.17 m (L) X 20 m (B) X 29 m (H).




The auxiliary rooms shall be located at different floors provided in the control- cum- auxiliary block on the Unit-8 side of the machine hall. Control room, Conference room, Engineer’s Room, 220 V DC system, HVAC equipment etc shall be located in these blocks. Floor wise equipment layout plan is as under:- Machine Hall at EL 12 m Unit Control Boards (UCBs) and Excitation Panels shall be installed in the machine hall floor. Phase reversal switch along with Generator circuit breaker (GCB) which is provided between Isolated Phase Bus Duct (IPBD) and Generator-Motor shall be installed at this floor. Generator-Motor floor at EL 7 m Unit Auxiliary Boards (UAB’s), Neutral grounding Cubicles, H.P. lubrication system etc. shall be installed on this floor. Pump-Turbine floor at EL 2 m Oil pressure units for governors & MIV for each unit and other pump-turbine auxiliaries shall be placed on Pump-turbine floor. Main Inlet Valve (MIV) floor at EL -6.0 m Cooling water pumps, Dewatering & Drainage pumps, flood water pumps shall be located on MIV floor. Drainage & Dewatering gallery floor at EL -13.5 m Draft tubes shall be connected to dewatering sumps at either ends of power house through a network of valves & pipes. Seepage and drainage from various floors of power house shall also be collected to adjacent drainage sumps at this floor. 24 kV isolated phase bus ducts shall be laid in individual bus duct tunnel of respective unit interconnecting machine hall Floor with the Transformer cavern. Beside eight Bus Duct Tunnels, 2 additional tunnels (One extended part of MAT on Service bay side and other on Unit-8 side) shall be provided




for inter-connecting Machine Hall cavern with Transformer Hall. One cable tunnel of adequate size shall accommodate 400 kV XLPE cables to transmit power between U/G GIS hall and pothead yard. HT, LT, control, protection, signaling cables between various panels in the underground power house and Transformer Hall & Pothead yard shall be laid in the cable tunnel. The access to turbine pit shall be from pump-turbine floor. Necessary hatches for erection and removal of MIV shall be provided at various floors in the machine hall cavern. The dewatering, drainage & Flood water sumps shall be provided at either ends of the MIV floor. The Main access tunnel (MAT) and construction adit tunnel for the power house cavern shall be utilized as ventilation & exhaust air tunnels afterward. Suitable ventilation and air conditioning ducts, as required, shall be installed at various locations and floors. Two nos. of 200/40/10 Tonnes EOT Cranes shall be installed in the power house cavern. One no. of 10 Tonnes EOT Crane shall be installed in the GIS hall for handling the GIS equipment. 7.3 Electro-Mechanical Equipment 7.3.1 Pump-Turbine The Pump-turbines shall be of vertical shaft Francis type coupled to Generator-Motor of nominal rating of 250 MW each. 8 Nos. of the Francis pump-turbine each of 225.1MW (for pumping) & 253.807 MW (under turbine operation) output operating under rated heads as mentioned before shall be installed. The details of the hydraulic system of the generating units are as given below:

i. Upper Reservoir levels a) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) 522.12 m




b) Minimum Draw Down Level (MDDL) 520.59 m

ii. Lower Reservoir levels a) Full Reservoir Level (FRL) 55.0 m b) Minimum Reservoir Level 43.50 m

iii. Max. Head Loss

a) Turbine Mode 9 m b) Pump Mode 6 m

iv. Operating Head Range

As Turbine:- a) Net Maximum head 461.12 m b) Net Rated head 458.61 m c) Net Minimum head 456.59 m

As Pump:- a) Net Maximum head 476.12 m b) Net Rated head 473.61 m c) Net Minimum head 471.59 m

v. Turbine Basic Data vi.

a) Rated Output at rated head of 458.61 m 253807 kW b) Specific Speed 108.8 rpm c) Rated Speed 375 rpm d) Setting of turbine 47 m below MDDL of

Lower reservoir (i.e. El. (-) 3.5m)

e) Rated turbine discharge 61.38 cumecs vii. Pump Basic Data

a) Pump Output at rated head of 473.61 m 225071 kW b) Specific Speed 24.0 c) Rated Speed 375 rpm




d) Rated Pump discharge 42.22 cumecs Pump-Turbine runner shall be of 13:4/ Cr-Ni stainless steel material. The upper portion of the draft cone liner shall be provided with stainless steel cladding. Governor for Pump-Turbine machine The Electro-hydraulic governor shall be of digital type with Combined Proportional Integral and Derivative function (PID) for control and regulating function and a hydraulic part acting as a power amplifying servo unit. The governor shall be suitable for local and remote control, synchronizing, load/frequency control, joint control operation, speed sensing etc. 7.4 Main Inlet Valve (MIV) A main inlet valve of spherical type for shutting-off pressure water supply from the penstock to the pump-turbine shall be provided complete with necessary piping, control cabinet, upstream and downstream connecting pipes with companion flanges, dismantling joint, bypass, operating mechanism etc. The valve shall have two oil pressure operated working seals (one service seal and the other maintenance seal). The seals shall be of material having high resistance to silt erosion. 7.5 Oil Pressure Systems for Governor and Turbine Inlet Valves Each Pump-turbine shall be provided with a separate pressure oil system (from Nitrogen bottle) for operation of Pump-turbine wicket gate servomotors through governors and for the opening of MIV. 7.6 Generator-Motor The Generator-Motor will be synchronous and of the vertical shaft type. Each of the four Generator-Motors shall have the following characteristics:

Rated Output 250000 kW Power Factor 0.9 lagging (Generator operation)

0.95 leading (motor operation) Frequency 50 Hz Phases 3 Speed 375 rpm




Generator-Motor voltage shall operate at 18 kV. The voltage rating shall be optimized during preparation of bidding document/detailed engineering stage. LAVT and Neutral grounding Cubicles LAVT Cubicles shall include Surge Capacitors, Lightning Arresters, Voltage Transformers and associated accessories. The Generator Neutral Grounding Cubicle shall include a single phase, Dry type Distribution Transformer, a secondary loading Disconnecting Switch, a Resistor and associated accessories mounted in a single-ventilated, metal enclosed Cubicle. 7.7 Static Excitation System and AVR Static Excitation system shall have micro processor based controls. The excitation equipment shall comprise of rectifier, excitation transformers, thyristors, field breaker with discharge resistor, field flashing circuit, automatic voltage regulator and protection and control devices along with accessories to make it a complete system. 7.8 Generator-Motor Transformers (Main Transformer) 26 numbers (including two spare) single phase, 18/ 400/√3 kV, 102 MVA, ODWF type Main Transformers shall be installed in Transformer cavern. HV terminals of these transformers shall be connected through GIB to the GIS located on the floor above this hall. 7.9 400 kV Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) & 400 Kv XLPE Cables 400 kV GIS shall have double bus arrangement with thirteen (13) bays: - 8 nos. incoming bays for generator –motors,4 nos. outgoing bays for connection to transmission lines through 400 kV XLPE cables and one bus coupler bay. Power from 400 kV GIS would be transmitted to/from Ynd11 connected with on load tap changer (Adjustable range of the secondary voltage:-5% to +10% ie 3kV/tap) 2 nos. double circuit 400 kV lines through 400 kV XLPE cables.13 nos. (including one spare), single phase XLPE cables will be laid snake shape

Rated Terminal Voltage between phases

18 kV

Range of frequency (-) 5 % to (+) 3 % Bearing arrangement Suspended Type




on the cable racks in the cable tunnel from main transformer cavern to outdoor POTHEAD yard. 7.10 Static Frequency Converter (SFC) Two static frequency converters (SFCs) one each for starting of two groups of units in pumping mode shall be installed for generator-motors. The primary circuits of each of the two (unit1 to 4 and units 5 to 8) SFCs shall be able to be connected to either of two generator-motor buses through a circuit breaker and disconnecting switches. The secondary circuit of each of the two SFCs is connected to ( two groups of units 1 to 4 and units 5 to 8 )through a circuit breaker and disconnecting switches. Both circuits shall be equipped with current limit reactors to reduce interrupting current of circuit breakers. Back to back starting system shall also be equipped for the generator-motors. The generator circuit breaker on generator-motor side in the power house shall operate at every starting and stopping of the main unit, thus relieving the high voltage GIS circuit breakers from frequent operation. The installation of generator circuit breakers also enables the transformers HTr 1&2 to be located in bus-duct tunnels and be connected to the generator-motor circuit. 7.11 Operation Control and Protection System Operation Mode:- The pumped storage scheme is to be designed so as to fully utilize its function to the power system. In this point of view five modes of operation as stated below will be adopted. Generating Operation (G) Pumping Operation (M) Synchronous Condenser Operation/Spinning Reserve Operation in

Generating Direction (SG) Synchronous Condenser Operation/Spinning Reserve Operation in

Pumping Direction (SM) Line Charging Operation (CH)including charging of one transmission line

during total grid failure towards restoration of grid power




Control:- A supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system will be provided for an efficient and economic plant operation. The control and monitoring system will be built up of distributed control technique with independent control modules in hierarchical control levels and standard open protocol for communication network. All the components and subsystems in the hierarchical control levels of the control system shall be flawlessly & seamlessly integrated to achieve a highly reliable and scalable power plant control system. The powerhouse will be designed to be operated with three levels of control:

From local control cubicles of each element located adjacent to the unit.

From the unit control board located on the machine hall floor. From the control room.

Protection System:- The protection relays will be envisaged for the units including its UAT, Excitation Transformer, Transformer HTr 1&2 ( for unit 2 & 4 only) as well as for IPBDs, main transformers, 400 kV XLPE cables and the 400 kV switchgear etc. The design of the protection scheme will be based on the general philosophy that all the protected equipment has a primary and back-up protection supplementing each other. All protection relays will be high speed and of numerical design. 7.12 Mechanical Auxiliaries 7.12.1 EOT Cranes i. Power House

The heaviest equipment / assembly required to be lifted in the power house by the EOT crane shall be the assembled rotor. The assembled rotor weight for the 250MW, 375 rpm motor -generator unit is expected to be of the order of 350 Tonnes. Two cranes each of 200/40/10 tonnes main and auxiliary




hooks are proposed to be provided for handling the assembled rotor along the full length of the power house. Both the EOT cranes shall be used in tandem to handle the rotor. A lifting beam of adequate size /capacity for this purpose shall be provided. One monorail crane of 10T capacity supported beneath the outside girders of both the cranes.

ii. One EOT crane of 10 Tonnes capacity shall be installed in GIS hall. iii. One EOT Crane of 40 Tonnes capacity shall be installed downstream

of transformer for handling bonneted valve for draft tube control. 7.12.2 Compressed Air System Low pressure compressed air system shall consist of two compressors ,two air receivers (additionally ,one air receiver shall be provided for each of the generator motor units), complete air distribution system valves, and other piping system with necessary instrumentation and protection system and control panels etc for Braking and jacking of generator rotor and for operating pneumatic tools. 7.12.3 Dewatering and Drainage System & Flood water system Dewatering system shall be provided at each end of the power house for dewatering of unit for access to underwater parts. The scheme shall comprise of 3 nos. of submersible pumps of sufficient capacity (Two as main and one as standby) installed in the dewatering sump along with valves, piping, control annunciation, provided in the Machine Hall cavern. The drainage scheme shall comprise of 3 nos. submersible drainage pumps (Two as main and one as standby) installed in the sump along with requisite piping, control panels etc. Provision of Flood water evacuation system has also been made in case of inadvertent flooding of the power house. The system shall comprise of 3 nos. of submersible pumps (Two as main and one as standby) installed in the flood sump along with valves, piping, control annunciation to discharge water outside the power house building and shall have dedicated DG set power supply. Control Panels for dewatering and drainage pump shall be located at higher floor.




7.12.4 Cooling Water System It is proposed to provide individual cooling water system for each unit to remove heat from generators and bearing oils through heat exchangers. The cooling water shall be taken from the draft tube by set of pumps. The cooling water shall be discharged back in to draft tube. 7.12.5 Air Conditioning and Ventilation System The machine and transformer halls shall be provided with ventilation and air conditioning system as required to maintain the control room, Conference room and other work areas at the required level of temperature, humidity and comfort. Adequate number of exhaust fans shall be installed at suitable locations to provide the air changes per hour as mentioned in Indian Standards. 7.12.6 Oil Handling System Oil handling system for transformer oil and lubricating oil for Motor generator units will be provided with suitable piping, valves, tanks, purifiers etc. and shall be located such as to conform to the requirements of underground power house. 7.12.7 Fire Fighting System The fire protection system in the underground Power House, Main Access Tunnel, Isolated phase bus duct tunnels, pothead yard etc. shall be planned to timely detect the occurrence & quick extinguishing of fire break outs, and prevention of spread of fire so as to minimize the extent of damage. 7.12.8 Lifts 2 nos. electrically operated lifts shall be provided, one in the control block on the unit-8 side and other in the transformer-cum-GIS hall. The lift shall be designed for approximately a load of 16 persons.




7.12.9 Draft Tube Gates Draft tube bonneted gate shall be provided for draft tube of each unit. These will be located in the transformer-cum-GIS hall for closing. 7.12.10 Mechanical Workshop A Mechanical Workshop will be provided in the transformer hall cavern for routine maintenance as required for all works & will be equipped with drilling, welding, milling & lathe machines & other required machine tools. 7.13 Electrical Auxiliaries 7.13.1 AC Electrical Auxiliaries – MV/LV Supply System The MV/LV AC supply system will be developed to ensure the availability of reliable source to all energy consumers of electrical auxiliaries. The Main AC supply system will be made up from the 400 kV grid. Unit auxiliaries will be fed from the UAB/UAT (Unit Auxiliary Board/Unit Auxiliary Transformer) tapped from the bus duct. Two (02) 18/11 kV, 12 MVA transformers HTr-1&4 will be installed in power house, one on unit -2 main transformer LV terminals, the other on unit -4 main transformer LV terminals, by providing a disconnector between generator and Main transformer. Two (02) 415V-2 MVA DG sets will be installed. 7.13.2 DC Supply System 2 nos. 220 V/48V DC system, with two sets of battery banks of 1700 AH, 4 sets of battery chargers, 2 sets of 220/48v DC-DC converters, 1 set of 220 V DCDB, and one set of 48V DCDB rating will provide power for unit control and protection equipment, field flashing, emergency lighting of the power house and for emergency lube oil pumps for generator/turbine bearings etc. 7.13.3 Power, Control & Instrumentation cables and cable trays etc. 11 kV XLPE cables shall be used for connection from and to the 11 kV switchboards to be installed at different load centers in power house and pothead yard.




1.1 kV Grade PVC insulated Aluminum Power Cables shall be used in the power house, transformer cavern, POTHEAD yard, butterfly valve house, surge shaft, TRT outfall & Dam complex for supplying power to various auxiliaries, while for control cables 1.1 kV Grade PVC insulated copper cables will be employed. The Instrumentation Cables including Fiber Optic Cables used will be immune to electromagnetic interference. The number of pairs/cores required will be as per the requirement of the system. All the accessories like Cable glands, Ferrules, Cable Trays with cable racks & supporting systems, Conduits etc. of adequate sizes as required for the installation of Cables will be included. All cables will be FRLS type. 7.13.4 Illumination System Illumination System Design shall be based on the principle of achievement of the desired illumination levels with minimum glare. The design shall result in the most energy-efficient and presentable illumination as per the latest International trends in underground Hydro Power Plants. The Illumination System shall provide Lighting and Electric Power supply to all Plant areas, dam, surge shaft area, butterfly valve chamber, access road to various locations of the project and Pothead yard. Suitable scheme/arrangement will be provided for Emergency Lighting during AC supply failure. It shall provide lighting for selected areas during plant emergency conditions. 7.13.5 PLCC Equipment PLCC system shall provide efficient sources and reliable information links to meet the communication need of protection, voice and data including for SCADA system. It shall provide for distance protection and direct tripping for remote end breaker, signal transmission & speech communication between the power house/substation and data communication to remote places through various frequency channels etc. 7.13.6 Communication & Surveillance System A suitable communication and surveillance system shall be installed in the power house complex to facilitate the communication and desired security in the power house area. Communication system comprises of the public




address system and EPBAX equipment. The surveillance system would comprise of access control system and CCTV system equipment for the entire power house complex including all important locations of Power House. 7.13.7 Electrical Equipment & Testing Laboratory Portable Electrical Testing Equipment will be provided to carry out normal testing of Powerhouse equipment. Separate room will be proposed in the power house for Electrical Testing Laboratory for storage of portable equipment and to serve as a base for testing staff. All the testing equipments should be PC compatible & of latest design. 7.14 Grounding Mat The grounding mat of MS flat or steel rods, or combination thereof, having suitable cross sectional area would be provided in power house complex comprising machine hall and transformer hall caverns & Bus Duct Tunnels; cable tunnel and pothead yard ;downstream surge gallery; TRT out fall areas etc. Suitable number of grounding risers would be provided in the machine hall & transformer hall caverns for connection to machinery equipment/ panels/ boards in various auxiliary bay floors etc./ Bus duct tunnels/ cable tunnel/interconnecting tunnels/ MAT/ GIS for earthing of various electrical equipments. Separate provision would be made for earthing various electronic equipments in the power house. All non-current carrying equipments shall be grounded by using at least 2 earthing conductors of adequate sizes which shall finally be connected to the grounding grid. The grounding system would be designed to minimize the touch & step potential within acceptable safe limits. 7.15 Power House Drawings

S. No. Drawing No. Title 1. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-101 Cross Section of Power House 2. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-102 Layout Plan of MIV Floor at El.(-6.00m)

3. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-103 Layout Plan of Turbine Floor at El. 2.00m

4. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-104 Layout Plan of Generator Floor at El. 7.00m 5. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-105 Layout Plan of Machine Hall Floor and

Transformer Floor at El. 12.00m 6. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-106 L-section of Power House 7. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-107

(2 Sheets) Single Line Diagram

8. SHARAVATHY/WAP-EM-108 Single Line Diagram for 400 kV Switchyard




7.16 Power Evacuation System 7.16.1 Sharavathy PSS Project with an installed generation capacity of 2000 MW envisages 8 units of 250 MW each to be developed nearby (7-8km) the existing Sharavathy hydro project of 1035 MW capacity in Karnataka. The generation from the existing hydro station is presently evacuated at 220 kV level through 220 kV transmission systems and power is injected to the Karnataka grid at 220/400kV Talaguppa sub-station (STU). The proposed Sharavathy PSS project is envisaged to have dual operational characteristics. It will function as Generators in generator mode and also as motors in pumping mode for water pumping. The estimated pumping load (MW), presuming all the hydro units to be operated simultaneously as motors, will be around 2200 MW. In line with the above characteristics, two transmission system alternatives for the proposed PSS project has been identified as given hereunder: 7.16.1.1 Alternative-I: Combination of 400kV and 765 kV systems The generation is proposed to be stepped up from 18kV to 400 kV for evacuation through GTs. Power to be generated at the PSS will be injected to the Talaguppa S/S through 400kV transmission system for further dispersal. In order to meet the power evacuation requirement as well as to supply load at PSS, the following ATS is considered in this alternative.

Generation step-up voltage at 400 kV 400kV Sharavathy PSS – Talaguppa 2xD/C lines with twin HTLS

conductor (about 60km 2xD/C lines). LILO of one circuit of the existing 765kV Narendra- Madhugiri D/C

line at Talaguppa (65 km LILO portion). Upgradation of the existing 220/400kV Talaguppa S/S to 220kV

/400kV/765 kV level with a provision of 2x1500 MVA 400/765kV ICTs

Creation of GIS system at the PSS and Talaguppa S/S. The single line diagram for the ATS (Alt-I) is given below.




Alternative-II :Transmission System for Sharavati PSS (8x250 MW )

400kV

GT GT

400kVTalaguppa

S/S

Narendra765/400 kV

S/S

21kV

GTGT

400kV

21kV

Unit # 1 Unit # 8Unit # 7Unit # 2

765kV

Maddhugiri765/400 kV

S/S

765 kV D/C line

400kV 2xD/C with Twin

HTLS conductor

2x 330 MVArBus Reactors

2x1500MVA ICTs

400kV HasanS/S

400kVNelamangala

S/S

2x 330 MVAr

line Reactors

7.16.1.2 Alternative-II: 765 kV System The generation at the PSS station is proposed to be stepped up from 18.0kV to 765 kV for power injection to the grid through GTs. In this alternative, the ATS is considered as follows:

Generation step-up voltage at 765 kV LILO of one circuit of the existing 765kV Narendra- Madhugiri D/C

line at Sharavathy PSS ---about 90 km (LILO portion). Provision of 2x330 MVAr shunt and 2x330 MVAr line reactors

(switchable) at the PSS station. Provision of 765 kV GIS line bays (2 nos.) and reactor bays (4

nos.) at the PSS project.




The single line diagram for the ATS (Alt-II) is given below.

765 kV

GT GT

21kV

GTGT

21kV

Unit # 1 Unit # 8Unit # 7Unit # 2

Alternative-I :Transmission System for Sharavati PSS (8x250 MW )

Narendra765/400 kV

S/S765kV

Madhugiri765/400 kV

S/S

existing 765 kV D/C line

2x 330 MVArBus Reactors 2x 330 MVAr

line Reactors

7.16.1.3 The proposed transmission alternatives i.e. Alternative- I & Alternative-II have been broadly worked out and they are tentative in nature. However, the appropriate system requirements, including reactive power compensation, should be firmed up or revised based on the detailed system studies to be carried out corresponding to the time frame of the pump storage project for various operating and seasonal power system scenarios of the integrated Indian grid network. Note:-This PFR Chapter is in line with Alternative-I.

CHAPTER- 8

CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMME AND SCHEDULE

Chapter – 8: Construction Programme and Schedule 1



CHAPTER – 8

CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMME AND SCHEDULE

8.1 General Construction of Sharavathy Pumped Storage Extension Scheme including erection of the eight generating units is planned to be completed in a period of Five years and three months including Pre-construction works creation of infrastructure facilities viz. additional Investigations, improvement of Road network and colonies..

Two shift working is considered economical for surface works. For underground works which do not follow normal pattern of shift working because of cyclic operations, three shift working with minimum 18 hrs. and /or upto completion of cycle operations/ day has been considered. Opting 25 working days in a month, shift wise scheduled working hours annually are adopted as follows:

For Surface Works Two Shift work = 25x10x10 hrs. = 2500 hrs. For Underground Works Three Shift Works = 25x10 x 18hrs. = 4500 hrs.

8.2 Main Components of the Project 8.2.1 Main Structure/ Components The construction schedule has been detailed for major items of the following main structures/ components.

i. Civil Works a) Coffer Dam b) Power intake c) Tailrace outlet structures d) Headrace tunnels e) Penstock f) Tailrace tunnels g) Underground powerhouse and transformer cavern including pothead

yard/ cable tunnel and access tunnel.




h) Underground Surge Shaft and Surge Chamber and adits.

ii. Electrical Works a) E.O.T. cranes b) Supply and erection of T.G. sets 4 nos. 250 MW each c) 400 kV G.I.S. equipment d) Main power transformers e) Other auxiliary electro-mechanical equipment

iii. Hydraulic equipment

a) Intake gates b) Steel liner Penstock c) Tailrace Outlet gates d) Spillway gates, Others

8.2.2 Target Schedule The total construction period is scheduled as follows. Preconstruction Period : 1 year Construction Period (Main Works) : 4 years & 3months Total construction period : 5 1/2 years The Programme is also exhibited in the form of a bar chart and is enclosed as Annexure A. 8.3 Infrastructure Facilities The infrastructure already there due to adjacent Sharavathy HEP & Gerusoppa HEP under operation will definitely help in early start of Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project, however creation of additional infrastructure facilities or Renovation of existing infrastructure facilities will be taken up in the first year. Construction/improvement of Project roads and improvements/ upgrading of access roads will be taken up and completed on priority basis. The construction of office and residential buildings will be started and completed in the 1st year. The facilities for workshop and stores etc. are also included.




8.4 Coffer Dam Excavation of coffer dam will be started form the 1st month of year 2 immediately after the completion of Preconstruction works and award of work. Partial filling and construction of guide bunds may start from 2nd month of year2 and will be completed by 4th month of Year 2. 8.5 Power Intake Open Excavation for HRT will start from 3rd month of year 2 as an independent activity. However, Excavation of Intake structure can only take place after completion of Coffer Dam from 5th month of year 2. The concreting of Intake & gate shaft may takes place from 6th & 8th month of year 2 respectively. 8.6 Headrace and Penstock Adit to HRT will be started in the 1st month of the year 2 and will be completed within 9 months. Excavation in HRT tunnels will be taken up in the month of 10th of year 2 and will be completed by the end of 7th month of the third year. The erection of the steel liners will be taken up thereafter taking 25 months for horizontal Penstock. The erection of inclined penstock by the 2nd month of Year 4 and will be completed by the end of 10th month of Year 5. 8.7 Underground Powerhouse/ Transformer Caverns Access tunnel to power house will be done by 11th month of second year and then the excavation of the power house cavern will be taken up in the 12th month of the second year and will be completed by 5th month of year 5. The concreting will be taken up in the 6th month of the Fourth year and will take 15 months for completion. 8.8 Tailrace Tunnel/ Outlet

Excavation of tailrace tunnel will start from 11th month of Year 2 after construction of adit to Tailrace within 10 months, and will take 23 months. The construction of outlet tunnel may takes place independently, and will be completed within 2nd month of Year 3.




8.9 Electro-Mechanical Works Action for procurement of EOT cranes is proposed to be initiated in the 1st year itself. The entire process of inviting the tender, placing orders, manufacture, supply, erection and testing is planned to be carried out in the period of July of the 1st year to end of the 3rd year. Pre manufacture activities such as preparation of specifications, inviting and evaluation of tender etc. can be completed within the 1st year so that the supply orders are placed by the end of the 1st year. The model tests and approval to the supplier’s drawings will require nine more months. Installation period for each

pump/ turbine and generator/ motor has been considered as twenty six months.

CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

1 INFRASTRUCTURE

a Improvement of Existing Road

b Colony Building Works

c Other Preparatory Works

2 COFFER DAM

a Excavation

b Embankment Fill

3 INTAKE

a Excavation for Intake Structure

b Excavation for HRT (Cut & Cover Portion)

c Concreting of Intake Structure

d Concreting of Gate Shaft/ HRT

4 HRT

a Adit to HRT/Surge Shaft

b Exacavation

c Concrete Lining

5 UPSTREAM SURGE SHAFT

a Exacavation

b Concreting

6 PENSTOCK

b Adit to Penstock Bifurcation/ Power House

a Exacavation of inclined Penstock

b Exacavation of Horizontal Penstock

c Lining and Erection of Inclined Steel Liners

d Lining and Erection of Horizontal Steel Liners

7 DOWNSTREAM SURGE CHAMBER

a Excavation

b Concreting

8 TAILRACE TUNNEL

a Adit to TRT

a Excavation

b Concreting

9 OUTLET

a TRT Outlet

b Outlet Tunnel

c Outlet Gate Shaft

10 POWER HOUSE COMPLEX

a Access Tunnel to Powerhouse

b Cable Tunnel

c Cavern Excavation

d Cavern Concreting

11 HYDROMECHANICAL WORKS

a HM Work including testing etc.

12 ELECTROMECHANICAL WORKS

a E&M Work including Commissioning etc.

QTR 4 QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4 QTR 1QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4 QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3

6th Year

QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4 QTR 1 QTR 2 QTR 3 QTR 4 QTR 1

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (8X 250 MW), KarnatakaProposed Construction Schedule

ActivitiesIst Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year

Preconstruction Works Main Civil, Hydromechanical & Electromechanical Works Works

CHAPTER- 9

COST ESTIMATE

Chapter – 9: Cost Estimate 1



CHAPTER - 9

COST ESTIMATE

9.1 Project Cost

A summary of the cost estimate, including direct and indirect charges for the Civil & Electro-mechanical works at February, 2017 Price Level is been given below:

Item Estimated Cost (Rs. Lacs)

Civil Works 273980.38

Electro-mechanical Works 227764.24

Total 501744.62

The estimate has been prepared to arrive at the capital cost of Sharavathy Pump Storage Project, Karnataka. The estimate is of Pre-feasibility level and has been prepared on the basis of “Guide Lines for preparation of cost estimates for River

Valley Projects” published by Central Water Commission, Govt. of India, New

Delhi. The Abstract of Cost is enclosed at in the relevant chapter of this report. The above cost does not include the cost of Transmission.

9.2 Basis of Estimate

The estimate for Civil & Hydro-mechanical civil works have been prepared: i. On the basis of Schedule of Rates Water Resources Department, Govt. of

Karnataka for the year 2014-15 with the price escalation up to February, 2017 level. The rates which were not available in the Schedule of Rates have been adopted by updation to current price level from the recently approved H.E. Projects having similar parameters and working conditions.

ii. The rates of materials are inclusive of VAT as applicable. iii. Interest and escalation during construction period not considered.

Quantity estimate have been carried out by calculating the quantities of different work items involved. Unit rate corresponding to major item of works have been worked out by analysis of rate based on prevailing market rates. Some rates of major item of works, lump sum provision have been made based on the other similar projects. A provision of 5% has been made for all items of works expect




lump sum items towards contingencies (3%) and worked charged establishment (2%) for C-works and J- Power Plant civil works under I-Works.

The following guidelines have been referred for the preparation of this cost estimate:

1. “Guidelines for preparation of project estimates for River Valley Projects” dated

March 1997 by Central Water Commission, Govt. of India. 2. “Guide Lines for preparation of Detailed Project Report of Irrigation and

Multipurpose projects” 2010 by Central Water Commission, Govt. of India. 9.3 Classification of Civil Works Into Minor Head/Sub Heads

The cost has been classified into direct and indirect charges and covered under the following minor heads:

Direct Charges

I. Works II. Establishment III. Tools and Plants IV. Receipts and Recoveries on Capital Account Indirect Charges I. Capitalized Value of Abatement of Land Revenue II. Audit and Account Charges 9.4 Direct Charges

9.4.1 I - Works

Current Cost = Rs. 273980.38 Lacs

The minor head I-Works has been subdivided in to the following detailed subheads:

9.4.2 A-Preliminary

Current Cost: Rs. 4429.50 Lacs

Under this head provision has been made for surveys and investigations to be conducted at DPR stage and later to arrive at the optimum of the project




components. Provision for in-house Design & Engineering and consultancy charges has been kept under this head as 2% of cost of C & J Works.

9.4.3 B-Land


This covers the provision for acquisition of land/lease charges for construction of the project, structures, colonies, offices etc. and the provision for Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) of Project Affected Persons.

9.4.4 C- Works


This sub-head covers the cost of Coffer Dam and associated Hydro-mechanical equipment.

9.4.5 J- Power Plant Civil Works


This covers the cost of Civil Works of Power Tunnel Intake structures, Head Race Tunnel, Surge Shaft, Pressure Shaft, Power House, Transformer Cavern & Tail Race Tunnel etc. along with associated Hydro-mechanical equipment.

9.4.6 K- Buildings


A provision @ 1.5% of C-J Works has been made towards temporary and permanent buildings (both residential and non-residential) proposed to be built in colonies for various locations of the project area. The buildings included under the permanent category are all those buildings, which will be subsequently utilized during the state of running and maintenance of the project.

9.4.6.1 M- Plantation


The provision under this head includes cost of plantation in colonies, along approach roads, landscaping and improvements of area around powerhouse.




9.4.6.2 O- Miscellaneous


Under this head provision is generally made to cover the cost of the following miscellaneous works:

a) Capital cost of electrification, water supply, sewage disposal, firefighting equipment etc.

b) Repair and maintenance of electrification water supply, sewage disposal, medical assistance, recreation, post office telephone office security arrangements, firefighting, inspection vehicles, schools, transport of labour etc.

c) Other services such as laboratory testing, R&M of Guest House and transit camps, Community center and photographic instruments as well as R&M charges etc.

As the estimate is of Pre-feasibility level, percentage provision @ 2% of C-J works has been considered towards head O- Miscellaneous.

9.4.7 P- Maintenance


For maintenance of buildings, roads and other structures during construction period, provision @ 1% of C-works, J-Power Plant civil works, K- buildings R- Communication have been kept.

9.4.8 Q- Special T&P


It is assumed that the work will be carried through Contracts and accordingly nominal provision for procurement of necessary equipment for taking up the work at the earliest by the contractor have been made. The total expenditure towards this will be recovered from the contractors and the same is credited under receipt and recoveries.

Adequate provision is made for inspection vehicles and cost for resale of vehicles is accounted for under receipt and recoveries.




9.4.9 R-Communication Current Cost: Rs. 800.00 Lacs

Provision under this head covers the cost of construction of roads and bridges for project works. The provision is Lump sum only at this stage based on preliminary assessments as detailing shall be done later on.

9.4.10 X-Environment and Ecology

Current Cost: Rs.16810.00 Lacs

Provision under this head covers Bio-diversity Conservation, Creation of green belt, Restoration of Construction Area, Catchment Area Treatment and Compensatory Afforestation etc.

9.4.11 Y-Losses on Stock


The provision under this head have been made @ 0.25% of the cost of I-Works less A-Preliminary, B-Land, Q-Miscellaneous, M-Plantation, P-Maintenance, Q-Special T&P and Environment and Ecology. 9.5 II-Establishment Current Cost: Rs. 15308.15 Lacs

Provision for establishment including establishment of cost control cell at the project and Head Quarter Level has been made as per “Guide lines for Preparation of Detailed Project Report of Irrigation and Multipurpose Project” by CWC @ 6% of I-Works less B-Land

9.5.1 III- Tools & Plants

Current Cost: Rs.200.00 Lacs

The provision is distinct from that under Q-Special T&P and is meant to cover cost of survey instruments, camp equipment and other small tools & plants.

9.6 IV-Receipt & Recoveries Current Cost: Rs. 250.00 Lacs




The provision under this head cover the estimated recoveries by way of resale of temporary buildings, transfer of construction equipment, inspection vehicles, generators etc.

9.7 Indirect Charges Current Cost: Rs. 2561.36 Lacs

Provisions under this head have been made for capitalized value of abatement of land revenue. Besides, provision for Audit & Account Charges has been made at 1% of the cost of I-Works.

9.8 Electro-Mechanical Works Current Cost: Rs. 227764.29 Lacs

The total cost of Electro-Mechanical works at April, 2017 level works out to be Rs. 227764.24 lacs, which includes, the cost of main Electro-Mechanical equipment (excluded the transmission system) such as turbines, generators, transformers etc. based on the prevailing market prices in India and abroad. Suitable provision for transportation, erection and commissioning charges, freight and insurance etc. have been adequately made as per general guidelines issued by CEA. Provision for establishment and Audit and Account charges for the electro-mechanical works have also been made under this cost separately.

COST ESTIMATE

Sl. No. DETAILED HEAD OF WORKSAmount (Rs. Lacs)

A CIVIL WORKS1 DIRECT CHARGES

I-WORKSA-Preliminary 4429.50B-Land 1000.00C-Works including HM Works 7183.80J-Power Plant Civil Works 214291.00K-Building 3322.12M-Plantation LS 50.00O-Miscellaneous 4429.50P-Maintenance during construction @1% of I Works-(A+B+O+M+Q+X+Y) 2255.97

Q-Special T&P 1000.00R-Communication 800.00X-Environment & Ecology 16810.00Y-Losses on Stock @0.25% of C,J,K & R 563.99

Total of I-Works 256135.87

II-ESTABLISHMENT @ 6% OF (I-WORKS LESS B LAND) 15308.15

III-TOOLS & PLANTS LS 200.00IV-SUSPENSE 0.00V-RECEIPT & RECOVERIES (-) -250.00

Total of Direct Charges 271394.02

2 Indirect Charges

(a) Capitalised value of abatement of land revenue @ 5% of cost ofculturable land

25.00

(b) Audit & Account Charges (@ 1% of I-Works) 2561.36Total of Indirect Charges 2586.36

Total Cost (Direct charges + Indirect Charges) 273980.38Total Cost Civil Works 273980.38

A Civil Works 273980.38B Electrical Works 227764.24

Total Cost 501744.62

GENERAL ABSTRACT OF COSTSHARAVATHY PUMP STORAGE PROJECT (8 x 250 MW)

Price Level: Apr-17FE Rate: 1USD= 64.62

( Rs. In Lakhs) (Million US$) (Eqvt. Rs. In Lakh) ( Rs. In Lakhs)

1 16000.00 16000.00

2 0

7597.98 166.68 107710.1669 115308.15

21113.00 0.00 0 21113.00

7580.88 0.00 7580.88

29851.42 29851.42

725.84 725.84

8640.12 8640.12

2814.87 2814.87

78324.11 166.68 107710.17 186034.28

3

2012.13 15.06 9734.20 11746.32

1839.76 1839.76

40.24 40.24

704.78 704.78

912.66 912.66

5509.58 15.06 9734.20 15243.77

4 2012.78 2012.78

5 1006.39 1006.39

6 102852.86 181.75 117444.36 220297.22

7 2057.06 2057.06

8 104909.91 181.75 117444.36 222354.28

9 1049.10 1049.10

10 4360.86 4360.86

110319.88 181.75 117444.36 227764.24

Rs. In Crores 2277.64239

Preliminary - Annex - S(1)

Generating Plant and Auxiliaries

a) Generating Units and Associated Acceeories - Annex-S(2)

b) Auxiliary electrical equipment for power station - Annex-S(3)

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (8X250 MW)(Abstract of Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works)

Cost of Equipment, Services, Overheads and Taxes & Duties

Indian Component Foreign Component Total

Item ParticularsSI.No.

GRAND TOTAL

Service Tax (as applicable) on 1, 2(f) & 3(d) & 3(e)

b) Excise/Custom Duty (as applicable) on 3(a)

c) Central Sales Tax @ 2% on Indian component (as applicable) on 3(a) & (b)

d) Transportation, handling & Insurance Charges @ 6% on 3

e) Erection and commissioning charges @8% (including charges of Expatriate Staff), excluding spares

Sub-Total (Substation Equipment, Auxiliary Equipment and Service of Switchyard) (3)

Contingencies @ 1% on items 2&3

Tools and Plants @ 0.5 % of items 2 & 3

Sub-Total (Item 1 to 5)

Establishment @ 2%

Sub-Total (Item 6 & 7)

c) Auxiliary mechanical equipment and services for power station - Annex-S(4)

Audit & Account Charges

Sub-Total (Generating Plant and Equipment) (2)

Switchyard and Pothead Yard Equipment & Services

a) Substation equipment, auxiliary equipment and services of switchyard - Annex-S(5)

d) Excise/Custom Duty (as applicable) on 2(a), (b) & ( c)

e) Central Sales Tax @ 2% on Indian component (as applicable) on 2(a), (b) & ( c )

f) Transportation, handling & Insurance Charges @ 6% (Indian & foreign) on 2(a), (b) & (c)

g) Erection and commissioning charges @8% (including Efficiency test &charges of Expatriate Staff), excluding spares

Sl. No. Item Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount

(Rs. Lacs)

1

Cost of surveys and investigationincluding geological investigation,hydrological investigation, preliminaryconstruction materials surveys, accesspaths and roads etc. at PFR stage

2 Topographical & other surveys for HRT,TRT & Powerhouse etc.

3 Geological Investigation4 Drilling & Drifting5 Construction Material Survey

6 Hydrologcal and meteorologicalobservations

7 Geophysical survey, seimological study

8 Hydraulic model studies

9 Charges for prelimanary consultancy &specialists

10 Training of Engineers duringInvestigation

11 Instuments and equipments for S & Iworks

12 Stationary, writing of completion report &history of project

4429.50

LS @ 2% of the cost of C-J Works 4429.50

A-PRELIMINARY

Sl. No. Item Area UnitRateRs.

Amount (Rs.Lacs) Remarks

1 Adits of HRT Govt. Land2 Surge Shaft Govt. Land

3 Powerhouse area including pressure shaft, Power House, TRTetc

Govt. Land

4 Muck disposal dumping area Govt. Land

5 Project colony, labour colony, contractor colony, site office etc. 1000 Pvt. Land

6 Approach road net work Govt. Land7 Quarry/Borrow areas Govt. Land

8 Other facilities viz. stores, baching plant, explosive magazenesarea, construction facilities etc.

Govt. Land

1000Grand Total of B-Land

LS

B-LAND

S. No. Description Quantity UnitRateRs.

Amount(Rs. Lacs)

1 2 3 4 5 61 Permanent Residential Buildings2 Permanent Non-residential Buildings3 Temporary Residential Buildings4 Temporary Non-residential Buildings

33223322

TotalSAY

1.5% of C-J Works 3322

K-Building

Sr. No. Item Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Coffer Dam 584

2 HM Works 6600

Total for Civil & HM Works 7184

say 7184

Sr. No. Item Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Intake 9806

2 HRT 26447

3 HRT Surge Shaft 2055

4 Pressure Shaft 58755

5 Power House 27269

6 Transformer hall 4875

7 TRT Surge Chamber 4026

8 Tail race tunnels 27855

Adit 45830

Outlet 7372

Total Cost of J-Works 214290

say 214291

DAM AND APPURTENANT WORKSI-WORKS

C-WORKS & HM WORKS

ABSTRACT OF COST

J-WORKS

ABSTRACT OF COST

Sl. No. Items Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount (Rs.

Lacs)

1 Site Clearance LS 30.00

2 Open Excavation (Soil) 22700 cum 81 18.34

3 Open Excavation (Rock) 3300 cum 608 20.08

4 Core embankment (Clay) 3201.6 cum 744 23.83

5 Rockfill material 33918.4 cum 568 192.49

6 sand material 6983 cum 1069 74.64

7 Rip Rap 16000 cum 1278 204.42

8 Dewatering 20.00

583.80

584

DAM AND APPURTENANT WORKSC-WORKS

Total

SAY

COFFER DAM

LS

SI No. Item Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount(Lakh)

1 Excavation 138500 cum 608 843

2 Overbreak 6925 cum 608 42

3 Mass concreting (M15) 17594 cum 4531 797

4 Conreting in Beams 18119 cum 6571 1191

5 Concreting in Piers 28842 cum 6571 1895

6 Concreting in Channel (PCC) 32174 cum 4531 1458

7 Reinforcement 4608 MT 68814 3171

8 Trashrack (MT) 289 MT 124774 361

6 Misc. 891.45

9805.99

9806

LS

Total

SAY

INTAKE

SI No. Item Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Excavation 204980.00 cum 1,758 3603.80

2 Overbreak 20498.00 cum 1,758 360.38

3 Mass concreting (M25) 16221.75 cum 6,571 1065.92

4 Conreting in Beams 1110.00 cum 7,142 79.27

5 Concreting in Piers 3036.15 cum 7,142 216.84

6 Concreting in Channel (PCC) 48.00 cum 5,724 2.75

7 Reinforcement 2398.32 MT 68,814 1650.39

8 Trashrack (MT) 314.99 MT 1,24,774 393.03

Total 7372.38

B) TRT Outlet


1 Underground excavation 487911.70 cum 1758.12 8578.09

2 provision of overbreak 24395.59 cum 1758.12 428.90

3 Open Excavation 840000.00 cum 608.42 5110.73

4 Backfilling 84000.00 cum 675.56 567.47

5 Concrete lining 85216.99 cum 7818.48 6662.67

6 Steel reinforcement 668.95 mt 68814.40 460.34

7 Concrete in lagging 724.05 cum 7818.48 56.61

8 Reinforcement in lagging 85.26 MT 68814.40 58.67

9 Backfill concrete in poor rock 480.29 cum 4320.83 20.75

10 Drilling in hard rock for grout holes 4005.00 m 972.42 38.95

11 Pressure grouting with cement (contact) 136.80 MT 12892.21 17.64

12 Pressure grouting with cement (cons.) 63.45 MT 12892.21 8.18

13Supply and erection of steel supports ISMB 200@750c/c and 500 c/c 222.93 MT 100882.33 224.90

14 Rock bolting 25-mm dia, 5m long 71136.00 m 1059.00 753.33

15 Shotcreting in tunnel 6059.57 cum 15649.00 948.26

17 Drainage holes 13662.00 m 362.95 49.59

18Providing and laying 4 inch dia G.I. pipe for controlcables 4644.60

m 1239.0057.55

Total 24042.62

Misc. 10% 2404.26

26446.88G.Total

HRT

SI No. Item Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount (Rs.

Lacs)

2Surface Excavation in Mixed Soil (Over Burden) 0 cum 608.42 0.00

1 Underground Excavation in Rock 38134 cum 1988.9 758.44

2 Provision of Overbreak in Underground Excavation 3813 cum 1988.9 75.84

3 Cement Concrete Lining M-20 6083 cum 6636 403.66

4 Cement Concrete backfill M-15 158 cum 5724.4 9.07

5 Steel Reinforcement 382 MT 68814 262.88

6 Rock Bolting 32mm dia, 4m long, bolts at 1.5 m c/c 29328 cum 1181 346.36

7 Shotcreting 780 m 15649 122.12

8 Drilling for Consolidation Grouting 660 m 655 4.32

9 Drilling for Contact Grouting 72 MT 655 0.47

10 Grouting 37 MT 12892 4.72

11 ISMB 250@ 500 c/c Beam 66 cum 100882 66.68

G.Total 2054.57

HRT SURGE SHAFT

SI No. Item Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs.Amount

(Rs. Lacs)

1 Underground excavation 146446.78 cum 1758.12 2574.72

2 Provision of overbreak 7322.34 cum 1758.12 128.74

3 Concrete lining 67079.92 cum 7818.48 5244.63

4 Steel reinforcement 526.58 cum 68814.40 362.36

5 Concrete in lagging 1170.29 cum 7818.48 91.50

6 Reinforcement in lagging 137.80 MT 68814.40 94.83

7 Backfill concrete in poor rock 4.79 cum 5724.39 0.27

8 Drilling in hard rock for grout holes 15438.00 m 972.42 150.12

9 Pressure grouting with cement (contact) 191.40 MT 12892.21 24.68

10 Pressure grouting with cement (cons.) 580.50 MT 12892.21 74.84

11Supply and erection of steel supports ISMB 200@750c/c and 500 c/c 359.01 MT 100882.33 362.18

12 Rock bolting 25-mm dia, 5m long 198800.00 m 1059.00 2105.29

13 Shotcreting in tunnel 4890.05 cum 15649.00 765.24

15 Drainage holes 11781.00 m 362.95 42.76

16Providing and laying 4 inch dia G.I. pipe for controlcables 7154.00 m 1239.00 88.64

17 Steel Liner 517 (Upper Horz. & Inclined portion) 10158.84 MT 278471.29 28289.45

18 Steel Liner 517 (bottom Horz. portion) 4673.00 MT 278471.29 13012.96

Total 53413.21

Misc. LS 10% 5341.32

58754.53

Pressure Shaft

G.Total

Sr. No. DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS UNIT QUANTITY Rate Rs.Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Excavation cum 434566 1758 7640.21

2 Provision for overbreak cum 16728 1758 294.10

3 Shotcrete (machine hall) cum 4144 15649 648.43

4 Rockbolts m 134168 1181 1584.51

6 Mass concreting (M15) cum 96124 4531 4355.04

7 Concreting in columns, beams, slabs, lift, wells (M25) cum 5674 6571 372.86

8 Steel reinforcement MT 17982 68814 12374.21

27269.36

A) Power House

TOTAL(A)

Sr. No. DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS UNIT QUANTITY Rate Rs.Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Excavation cum 136018 1758 2391.36

2 Provision for overbreak cum 13602 1758 239.14

3 Shotcrete cum 1516 15649 237.29

4 Rockbolts m 138880 1059 1470.74

6 Concreting in columns, beams, slabs, lift, wells cum 2800 7142 199.97

7 Steel reinforcement mt 489 68814 336.50

4875.01

Transformer Cavern

TOTAL (A)

SI No. Item Details Quantity Unit Rate Rs. Amount (Rs. Lacs)

1 Underground Excavation in Rock 89000 cum 1988.90 1770.12

2 Provision of Overbreak in Underground Excavation 8900 cum 1988.90 177.01

3 Cement Concrete Lining M-20 10899 cum 6635.97 723.25

4 Cement Concrete Lining M-15 Back Fill 523 cum 4530.63 23.70

5 Steel Reinforcement 828 MT 68814.40 569.78

6Rock Bolting 32mm dia, 4m long, bolts at 1.5 m c/c 40548 m 1181.00 478.87

7 Shotcreting 1113 cum 15649.00 174.14

8 Drilling for Consolidation Grouting 396 m 655.00 2.59

9 Drilling for Contact Grouting 42 MT 655.00 0.28

10 Grouting 22 MT 12892.21 2.82

11 ISMB 250@ 500 c/c Beam 103 cum 100882.33 103.91

G.Total 4026.49

TRT SURGE SHAFT


1 Underground excavation 741402 cum 1758 13034.77

2 provision of overbreak 7414 cum 1758 130.35

3 Concrete lining (RCC) 98000 cum 7142 6999.05

4 Steel reinforcement 763 cum 68814 525.05

5 Concrete in lagging 1093 cum 7142 78.06

6 reinforcement in lagging 129 cum 68814 88.77

7 backfill concrete in poor rock 728 m 5724 41.67

8 Drilling in hard rock for grout holes 2819 m 972 27.41

9 Pressure grouting with cement (contact) 56 mt 12892 7.22

10 Pressure grouting with cement (cons.) 85 mt 12892 10.96

11Supply and erection of steel supports ISMB 200@750c/c and 500 c/c 323 mt 100882 325.85

12 Rock bolting 25-mm dia, 5m long 104052 m 1059 1101.91

13 shotcreting in tunnel 18239 cum 15649 2854.22

14 Drainage holes 20164 m 363 73.19

15Providing and laying 4 inch dia G.I. pipe for controlcables 1972 m 1239 24.43

25322.91

Misc. 2532.29

27855.20

A) TAIL RACE TUNNELS

10%

Total

G. Total


1 Underground excavation 323980 cum 1984 6428.61

2 Provision of overbreak 16199 cum 1984 321.43

3 Shotcrete 8833 cum 15649 1382.28

4 Tunnel plug concrete (m15) 0 cum 0.00

5 Rock bolting - 25 mm 680 m 1059 7.20

6 Supply and erection of steel support 32339 MT 100882 32624.34

7 Drilling for drainage holes 254 m 363 0.92

8 Concrete in lagging (m15) 5600 cum 11191 626.71

9 Backfill concrete in lagging 833 cum 4531 37.74

10 Reinforcement in lagging 340 MT 68814 233.97

41663.20

Misc. 4166.32

45829.52

10%

G. Total

B) ADIT/MAT

Total

Annex‐II

1US $=

Rs. 64.62

Sl. No. Item

Cost (Indian

Component) Rs.

In lakhs

Cost (FC in

Million US $)

Million US $

Cost (foreign

component)

Rs. In lakhs

1.1 ELECTRO‐MECHANICAL WORKS

1.1.1 EOT CRANE & LIFT 2830.00 0.00 0.00

1.1.2 T.G.SETS 133.26 86112.61

1.1.3 BUS DUCT 2373.37 0.00 0.00

1.1.4 POWER & AUX TRANSFORMER 14020.00 0.00 0.00

1.1.5 A C SUPPLY SYSTEM 260.00 0.00 0.00

1.1.6 400KV SWITCHYARD 1667.60 14.63 9450.68

1.1.7 POWER & CONTROL CABLES 2000.00 0.00 0.00

1.1.8 CONTROL SYSTEM 150.00 11.32 7314.98

1.1.9 ELECTRICAL AUXILIARIES 3440.00 10.02 6474.92

1.1.10 MECHANICAL AUXILIARIES 9582.46 4.64 2998.37

1.1.11 DG SETS 420.00

1.1.12 DC BATTERIES, CHARGERS, DC BOARDS ETC. 400.00

1.1.13 INITIAL SPARES 1160.56 7.88 5092.80

TOTAL 38303.99 181.7462 117444.36

1.2 SERVICES

1.2.1 PRELIMINARY 16000.00 0.00 0.00

1.2.2 FREIGHT & INSURANCE 9344.90 0.00 0.00

1.2.3 ERECTION & COMMG. 3727.53 0.00 0.00

TOTAL 29072.43 0.00 0.00

1.2 TAXES & DUTIES

1.2.1 CUSTOM DUTIES 31691.18 0.00 0.00

1.2.2 EXCISE DUTY & COST 766.08 0.00 0.00

1.2.3 SERVICE TAX 4360.86 0.00 0.00

TOTAL (DUTIES) 36818.13 0.00 0.00

1.3 OVERHEADS

1.3.1 ESTABLISHMENT 2057.06 0.00 0.00

1.3.2 ADUIT & ACCOUNT 1049.10 0.00 0.00

1.3.3 CONTINGENCIES 2012.78 0.00 0.00

1.3.4 TOOLS & PLANTS 1006.39 0.00 0.00

TOTAL (OVERHEADS) 6125.33 0.00 0.00

1.4 MISCELLANEOUS WORKS

110319.88

TOTAL (E &M) 110319.88 181.75 117444.36

TOTAL E & M in Crores 2277.64239

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (4 x 250= 1000 MW)

Abstract of Cost Estimates for Electro Mechanical Works

Price Level: April 2017

Annex-S(1)

Rate

( Rs. In Lakhs)

Indian Component

Foreign Component

Total

( Rs. In Lakhs) (Million US$) (Eqvt. Rs. In Lakh) ( Rs. In Lakhs)

1 Advanced Payment (Design & Consultancy Charges) 1 Set 15000 15000 15000

2 Model Testing for Pump-Turbine 1000 1000 1000

16000 16000

Rs. In Crores 160

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (4X250 MW)

Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works

(Preliminary Works)

Total

SI. No.

Item Particulars Quantity

Service Cost

Apr-1764.62

TotalIndian

Component Total Rate Amount

(Rs. In Lakhs)(fc)

in Million US $

(Eqvt. Rs. In Lakh)

(Rs. In Lakhs)

(%) (Rs. In Lakhs)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8=5+7 9 10=8x9 11=8+10 Pump-Turbine, Motor-Generator 250 MW, Vertical axis, R.P.M.-375, Head- 146.4m, P.F-0.95-0.9 , 18kV, complete with allied equipments such as MIV, Governor, Oil pressure system, AVR, Excitation system etc.

Units 8 15.275 0 122.2 78965.64 78965.64 23.55 18596.41 97562.05

b) Unit Control Boards Units 8 1.3825 0 11.06 7146.97 7146.97 23.55 1683.11 8830.08

c) Cooling water system comprising pump sets, valves, piping etc.

Set 8 278.00 2224.00 0 0.00 2224.00 12.36 274.89 2498.89

d) Drainage and dewatering systems Set 2 770.412 1540.82 0 0.00 1540.82 12.36 190.45 1731.27

e)HP &LP Compressed air system including piping, valves, etc. Set 1 1143.19 1143.19 0 0.00 1143.19 12.36 141.30 1284.49

f) Spares @ 5% on items 1 (a) to 1(e) (includng one spare runner) 245.40 6.66 4305.63 4551.03 1044.31 5595.34

Sub Total : (1) 5153.42 139.92 90418.24 95571.66 21930.46 117502.12

218kV, 12000A Isolated phase Bus Duct for Generator-Transformer Connection including tap-off connection

Set 8 296.671 2373.37 0 0.00 2373.37 12.36 293.35 2666.71

3Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) Set 1 4.08 0 4.08 2636.50 2636.50 23.55 620.89 3257.39

4 Unit Control & Protection panels Unit 8 0.905 0 7.24 4678.49 4678.49 23.55 1101.78 5780.27

518 kV, 12000A Generator Circuit Breaker & Phase reversing DS Nos. 8 0.3825 0 3.06 1977.37 1977.37 23.55 465.67 2443.04

6Lubricating oil & Governor oil for first filling, Pressure Shaft Valve Set 8 0.58 0 4.64 2998.37 2998.37 23.55 706.12 3704.48

7 SFC Unit 2 3.48 0 6.96 4497.55 4497.55 23.55 1059.17 5556.73

8 Spares @ 3% on items2 to 7 71.20 0.7794 503.65 574.85 127.41 702.26

Total 7597.98 166.68 107710.17 115308.15 26304.86 141613.01

FE RATE: 1USD=

Annex-S(2)Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (8X250 MW)

( Abstract of Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works) (Generating Units and Associated Accessories) PRICE LEVEL:

(Rs. Lakhs)

1

S.No. Item Particulars Quantity

Rate (Rs.in lakhs / fc in

Million US $ )

Equipment Cost Excise / Custom Duty

Foreign Component

Apr-1764.62

Total

Indian Component

TotalRate

Amount

(Rs. In Lakhs) (fc)(Eqvt. Rs. In Lakh)

(Rs.In Lakhs)

(%)(Rs.

In Lakhs)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8=5+7 9 10=8x9 11=8+10

1 Step up Transformer (Rating 18/400/√3kV, 102 MVA, Single-Phase, Oil Immersed Type)

26 525.00 13650.00 0.00 0.00 13650.00 12.36 1687.14 15337.14

2 (a)Unit Auxiliary Transformer (Rating 11/0.415kV, 1 MVA, 3-Phase, Dry Type)

8 10.00 80.00 0.00 0.00 80.00 12.36 9.89 89.89

2 (b)Transformer for station load requirement (Rating 11/0.415kV, 2.5 MVA , 3-Phase, Dry Type)

2 25.00 50.00 0.00 0.00 50.00 12.36 6.18 56.18

3Station Service Transformer (Rating 18/11kV, 12 MVA, 3-Phase, Oil Immerersed Type)

2 120.00 240 0.00 0.00 240.00 12.36 29.66 269.66

4HT/LT Ac Switchgear for power supply to PH complex, Switch-Yard and Dam sites

1 260.00 260.00 0.00 0.00 260.00 12.36 32.14 292.14

5

DC Batteries, Battery chargering equipment, D.C. Distribution Board with D. C.switchgear etc (Rating 220V, 1700AH).

2 200.00 400.00 0.00 0.00 400.00 12.36 49.44 449.44

6Diesel Generating Set (Rating 415V, 2000KVA) (In addition to construction power)

2 210.00 420.00 0.00 0.00 420.00 12.36 51.91 471.91

7 Control & Power cable L.S. 2000.00 2000.00 0.00 0.00 2000.00 12.36 247.20 2247.20

8Cables racks, Trays, Supporting Structure and Accessories

L.S. 1400.00 1400.00 0.00 0.00 1400.00 12.36 173.04 1573.04

9CCTV Surveillance System & Telecommunication Equipment

L.S. 600.00 600.00 0.00 0.00 600.00 12.36 74.16 674.16

10Grounding Mat & Earthig for Dam, PH complex and Switch-yard

1 500.00 500.00 0.00 0.00 500.00 12.36 61.80 561.80

11Illumination system of PH Complex, Pot head-yard and Dam sites

1 800.00 800.00 0.00 0.00 800.00 12.36 98.88 898.88

12Electrical Workshop including Electrical test Lab & Testing Equipments

1 140.00 140.00 0.00 0.00 140.00 12.36 17.30 157.30

13 Sub-Total (items 1 to 9) 19100.00 0.00 0.00 19100.00 2360.76 21460.76

14 Spares @ 3% on items 13 573.00 0.00 0.00 573.00 70.82 643.82

Total 21113.00 0.00 0.00 21113.00 2609.57 23722.57

FE RATE: 1USD

Annex-S(3) SHARAWATI PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT (250 MW x 8 = 2000 MW)

( Abstract of Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works) (Auxialiary Electrical Equipment for power station) PRICE LEVEL:

(Rs. In Lakhs)

S.No. Item Particulars Quantity

Rate (Rs. In lakhs/ fc in Million

US $)


Foreign Component

Apr-1764.62

TotalIndian


(Rs. In Lakhs) (fc)(Eqvt. Rs. In Lakh)

(Rs. In Lakhs)

(%) (Rs. In Lakhs)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8=5+7 9 10=8x9 11=8+10

1Electrical Overhead Travelling crane for PH (Capacity 200 T) 2 1200.00 2400 0.00 0.00 2400.00 12.36 296.64 2696.64

2Electrical Overhead Travelling crane for GIS (Capacity 10T) 1 50.00 50 0.00 0.00 50.00 12.36 6.18 56.18

3

Electrical Overhead Travelling crane for Bonneted gate in Transformer cavern (Capacity 50 T)

1 300 300 0.00 0.00 300.00 12.36 37.08 337.08

4 2 sets Electrical lifts and elevators 2 40.00 80.00 0.00 0.00 80.00 12.36 9.89 89.89

5Fire Protection equipment with storage tanks, pipes, pumps, valves, etc.

1 1000.00 1000.00 0.00 0.00 1000.00 12.36 123.60 1123.60

6Heating , Ventilation and Air conditioning equipments 1 3000.00 3000.00 0.00 0.00 3000.00 12.36 370.80 3370.80

7Potable Water supply for PH complex and Switch-yard 1 300.00 300.00 0.00 0.00 300.00 12.36 37.08 337.08

8Oil handling equipment with pipes, valves, tanks, purifiers etc. 1 Set 84.45 84.45 0.00 0.00 84.45 12.36 10.44 94.88

9 Workshop machines and equipment 1 Set 150.00 150.00 0.00 0.00 150.00 12.36 18.54 168.54

10 Sub-Total (Items 1 to 8) 7214.45 0.00 0.00 7214.45 891.71 8106.15

11 Spares @ 3% for item No. 10 216.43 0.00 0.00 216.43 26.75 243.18

Total 7580.88 0.00 0.00 7580.88 937.00 8517.88

FE RATE:

Annex-S(4)Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project (8X250 MW)

( Abstract of Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works) (Auxialiary Mechanical Equipment and Service for power station) PRICE LEVEL:

(Rs. In Lakhs)S.No. Item Particulars Quantity

Rate (Rs.in lakhs

/ fc in Million US $

)


Foreign Component

Apr-1764.62

TotalIndian


(Rs. Lakhs) (fc)(Eqvt. In

Rs. Lakh)(Rs. Lakhs) (%) (Rs. Lakhs)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8=5+7 9 10=8x9 11=8+10

1

400kV GIS, 400 kV XLPE Cable & Pothead yard equipment including towers, gantry , foundations/ structure for equipment, cables etc.

(a) 400kV, 2000A, Circuit breakerS Included in Item No. 2

(b)Isolator/Pantrograph with/without earthing blade (Rating 420 kV) 4 9.6 38.40 0.00 0.00 38.40 12.36 4.75 43.15

(c) CVT (Rating 400 kV) 12 2.70 32.40 0.00 0.00 32.40 12.36 4.00 36.40(d) Lighting arrestors (Rating 400 kV) 12 2.00 24.00 0.00 24.00 13.36 3.21 27.21(e) Wave traps (Rating 420 kV) 8 6.50 52.00 0.00 52.00 13.36 6.95 58.95(f) CTs 12 5.90 70.80 0.00 0.00 70.80 12.36 8.75 79.552 400 kV GIS Bays 13 0.70 0.00 9.10 5880.42 5880.42 12.36 726.82 6607.243 400 kV XLPE Cable in km 13 0.43 0.00 5.53 3570.26 3570.26 23.55 840.80 4411.054 Shunt Reactor - Not applicable

5Bus conductors, hardware and isolators 1 700.00 700.00 0.00 0.00 700.00 12.36 86.52 786.52

6 Protection Panels Lot 1 750.00 750.00 0.00 0.00 750.00 12.36 92.70 842.70

7 PLCC Equipment 1 150.00 150.00 0.00 0.00 150.00 12.36 18.54 168.54

8

Tower, Gantry, Foundation for structures & miscellaneous civil works for other equipment, like Shield wire, Insulators, Lighting Masts, Cables, etc.

1 120.00 120.00 0.00 0.00 120.00 12.36 14.83 134.83

9 Fencing and Security 1 20.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 12.36 2.47 22.47

10 Sub-Total (1 to 7) 1817.60 14.63 9450.68 11268.28 1769.38 12852.4511 Spares @ 3% for items 10 54.53 0.44 283.52 338.05 53.08 391.13

Total 2012.13 15.06 9734.20 11746.32 1839.76 13400.888

(Rs. Lakhs)S.No. Item Particulars Quantity

Rate (Rs.in

lakhs / fc in Million

US $ )


Foreign Component

FE RATE: 1USD=

Annex-S(5) SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT (250 MW x 8 = 2000 MW)

( Abstract of Cost Estimates of Electro Mechanical Works) (Auxialiary Electrical Equipment and Service for power station) PRICE LEVEL:

CHAPTER – 10

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

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Chapter – 10: Environmental Aspects 1

Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project(8 x 250 MW)


CHAPTER – 10

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

10.1 General

The commissioning of any hydro power project leads to significant impacts onenvironmental resources of the project area and its surroundings. However,by proper planning at the inception stage and incorporating appropriatemigratory measures in the planning, design, construction and operationphases, adverse impacts can be minimized to a large extent, whereasbeneficial impacts can be maximized. The Chapter covers the impacts likelyto accrue as a result during construction and operation phases of theproposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage project located in Shimoga district,Karnataka. A broad framework of Environmental Management Plan foramelioration of adverse impacts on account of various phases ofimplementation of Sharavathy PSP along with the outline of theEnvironmental Monitoring Programme too has also been covered as a part ofthe present Chapter.

10.2 Study Area

The Study Area considered for the Environmental Assessment study shallcomprise of the following:

Area to be acquired for various project appurtenances Submergence area for Upper and Lower reservoirs Area within 10 km periphery of Upper and Lower reservoir sites

on either side of river Sharavathy.

10.3 Environmental Baseline Status

The assessment of pre-project environmental status is essential to determinethe environmental parameters which could be significantly affected due to theproposed Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project. The baseline status has beenassessed mainly based on review of secondary data and site visits. Theexisting project related documents too have been reviewed to assess thebaseline environmental status.

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10.3.1 Climate

The project area is located in western parts of Shimoga district, which lies inWestern Ghats and Malnad region. The region is mountainous andexperiences tropical climate throughout the year. The relative humidity rangesfrom 27 to 88%, the wind speed recorded is between 4 and 7 km/hr.

In the project area, the summer season is observed from March to early June.April is usually the hottest month of the year with mean daily maximumtemperature at 35.8°C and the minimum temperature at 22°C. The areareceives rainfall from early June to September under the influence of south-western monsoons. The months of October and November receive scantyrainfall due to north east monsoons. The project area district receives anannual average rainfall of 2421 mm. With the onset of the south-westmonsoons in June, there is appreciable drop in the day temperatures. Thearea experiences with winters which commences in mid-November andcontinues upto mid- February.

10.3.2 River System

The River Sharavathy rises at Ambuteertha near Kavaledurga in TeerthahalliTaluk. Its total length in the district is 32.2 km and flows in north-westerlydirection and receives the Haridravati on the right below Pattaguppe andthe Yenne-hole on the left above Barangi. Near the border of the district, itbends to the west and moves towards the Ghats near Jog. The river outfalls insea at Honnavar in Uttara Kannada district.

10.3.3 Geology

The Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project is proposed in between alreadyconstructed dams of Talakalale Lake (Balancing Reservoir/Upper Reservoir)located at south-eastern part and Gerosoppa Reservoir (Lower Reservoir) onSharavathy River at north-western part. As both the upper and lowerreservoirs are already commissioned, only water conductor system andpowerhouse will be required for this project. The water conductor systemincludes two intake channels, two HRTs, Surge Shafts, Pressure Shafts,underground powerhouse and TRTs.

The Sharavathy River shows meandering at the project area and flowstowards NW and thereafter towards west. A number of sub-parallel tributariesjoin Sharavathy River from both the banks. Beside sub-parallel drainagepattern, dendritic drainage pattern is also present at the central part between

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the above mentioned upper and lower reservoirs. The sub-parallel drainage iscontrolled by joints. A WNW – ESE trending water divide is present betweenthe above two reservoirs.

Mainly granite gneiss belonging to Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC) andamphibolite represent the major part of project site. However, schistose(Hornblende- actinolite-chlorite schist) rock of Bababudan Group will bepresent at the lower part of TRT and TRT outfall area. At the project site,surface is mainly covered by thick laterite and/or slope wash material withmeager outcrops of granite gneiss/augen gneiss and amphibolites.Bababudan Group is unconformable lies over the Peninsular GneissicComplex. The schistose rock (Hornblende - actinolite-chlorite schist) isappears to be occurred as outlier at the project site.

10.3.4 Seismicity

The project area is located in parts of North Kannada and Shimoga Districts ofwest central part of Karnataka. As per Seismic Zonation Map of India, theproject area lies in Seismic Zone III. A number of faults and lineaments arepresent around the area.

10.3.5 Soils

In the major part of the project area, reddish to brownish clayey loam tolateritic soils are observed. Thin strips of yellowish loamy soil are seen alongthe banks of major river and nallah courses, and thickness varies from fewcentimeters to 3.50 m. The sandy soil is also observed in areas, whereArchaean gneissic complex occurs. It is coarse grained highly porous andpermeable in nature. The rate of water infiltration in this soil type ismuch higher than the clayey loam.

10.3.6 Water Quality

The Energy and Wetlands Research Group of IISc Bangalore has monitoredthe water quality of rain stream out falling Liganamakhi reservoir. The waterquality of river Sharavathy has also been monitored area part of the study.The results of water quality monitoring of river Sharavathy are given Table -10.1

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Table-10.1: Water Qual ity Monitoring Results of river Sharavathy

Parameter Unit RangepH - 6.6 - 7.13Water Temperature 0c 30 – 34TDS mg/l 37.9 to 58.1Alkalinity mg/l 28Hardness mg/l 20 – 25Calcium mg/l 2 – 4Magnesium mg/l 2.4 – 4.8Sulphates mg/l 2.6 - 3.0Phasphates mg/l 0.013 – 0.023Nitrates mg/l 0.40 -0.55Sodium mg/l 9 – 13.3Potassium mg/l 2 – 2.8

The hardness level ranged from 20 – 25 mg/l, indicating soft nature of water.The calcium and magnesium values from 2 to 4 mg/l and 2.4 to 4.8 mg/l; Thecalcium and magnesium are well below the permissible limit. The low calciumand magnesium are responsible for nature of water. The TDS level rangedfrom 37.9 to 58.1 mg/l, which is well within the permissible limit specified fordrinking purposes (500 mg/l). The concentration of various cations andanions was observed to be well below the permissible limits specified fordrinking water purposes. The low TDS values can be attributed to low cationsand anions as well.

10.3.7 Flora

The Shimoga district has rich and varied flora, the major contributingfactors to this variety being differences in rainfall and topography withinthe district. Evergreen flora covers a narrow belt in the Western Ghats and itgradually merges into the moist deciduous towards the east and south. Thefar-eastern and northern portions are scrubby and comparatively little-wooded. The forests of Shimoga district consists of Evergreen and Semi-Evergreen climax forests and degradation type and deciduous climax forestsand degradation type (Pascal et.al, 1982). The secondary or degraded typecontains secondary moist deciduous forests. The Deciduous climax forestsconsist of moist deciduous type - Lagerstoemia microcarpa-Tectona grandis-Dillenia pentagyne type and dry deciduous-Anogeissus latifolia –Tectonagrandis-Terminalia tomentosa type. As per the revised classification offorest types of India by Champion and Seth (1968), the following foresttypes are observed in Shimoga district.

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Southern tropical wet evergreen forests (Sub-group lA) Southern tropical semi-evergreen forests (Sub-group 2A) South Indian moist deciduous forests (Sub-group 3B) Southern tropical dry deciduous forests (Sub-group 5A) Southern tropical thorn forests (Sub-group 6A)

Evergreen and Semi -evergreen forest : The hills are covered with heavyforests while valleys and ravines produce luxuriant trees known for their greatheight and size. In this forest, top canopy or emergent layer consists of treeswhich are 25-40 m or more tall with their crown raised from the generalcanopy surface. Some of important tree species are Dipterocarpus indicus,Vateria indica, Artocarpus hirsuta, Hopea parviflora, Mesua ferrea, Artocarpusintegrifolia, Mangiferaindica, Machilus macrantha, Michelia champaca,Alstonia scholaris, Hopea wightiana, Diospyros ebonum, Lagerstroemia sp.Syzygium canarensis etc. Middle canopy layer is represented by mediumsized trees of height of 12-20 m. They are adapted to sub-canopy conditions.Some of the important species in this layer are Aporusa lindleyanea,Chrysophyllum roxburghii, Holigarna arnottiana, Stereospermum personatum,Vitex altissima etc. The lower canopy comprises of woody shrubs and smalltrees of average height of 3-12 m. The important floristic elements areClerodendrum viscosum, Callicarpa tomentosa, Grewia tiliifolia, Rauvolfiadensiflora, Leea asiatica etc.

Moist deciduous forest forests: These types of forests are found in regionswhere altitude ranges from 600-1000 m and the annual rainfall varies from150-350 cm. The prominent moist deciduous species of this forest areSagwvani (Tectona grandis), Beete (Dalbergia latifolia), Honne (Pterocarpusmarsupium), Matti (Terminalia tomentosa), Jambe (Xylia dolabriformis), Hunal(Terminalia paniculata), Nandimara (Lagerstroemia lanceoIata), Bage(Albizzia lebbeck), Bilwara (Albizzia odoratissima), Tadasale (Grewiatiliaefolia), Gandha-garige (Toona ciliata), Kadavala (Anthocephaluseadamba), Bileburuga (Geiba pentandra), Mashe (Alseodaphnesemicarpifolia), Tare (Terminalia bellerica.), Kanagalu (Dillenia indica),Srigandha (Santalum album) and others.

Dry deciduous forest: The dry deciduous forest belt lies to the east ofthe mixed Dry deciduous forest belt in the district. The tree vegetation inthis forest part is much inferior and the trees are of smaller growth. Drydeciduous species met with in this area are Dindiga (Anogeissuslatifolia), Ippe (Bassia longifolia), Kalnara (Hardwickia binata), Bevu(Azadirachta indica), Dale (Terminalia chebula), Nelli (Emblica officinalis),Srigandha (Santalum album) and others. Among the thorny forest species

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are Honge (Pongamia pinnata) ,Seetaphala (Anona squamousa), Antavala(Sapindus laurifolias), Karigeru (Semicarpus anacardium), Hunase(Tamarindus indica), Kare (Randia dumetornm), Urimullu (Zizyphusoenoplia), Bilijali (Acacia leucopholea), Karijali (Acacia nilotica).

Scrub forests: These types of forests are found in eastern part of the district,with a low rain fall. These forests consist of thorny species interspersed witha few malformed deciduous trees. In most places these types of forests areconverted into agricultural lands. Some of the tree species of this forest areBauhinia racemosa, Casssia fistula, Catunaregam spinosa, DiospyrosMontana, Flacourtia indica, Phyllanthus emblica, Santalum album, Zizipus sp,Phyllanthus emblica etc. Shrubby undergrowth consist of species likeFlacourtia indica, Asparagus racemosus, Blepharis asperrima, Carissaspinarum ,Hemidesmus indicus, Phoenix humilis etc. herbaceous group ofspecies are comprised of Tridax procumbens, Mimosa pudica, Gloriosasuperba, Desmodium heterocarpon, Barleria cristata, Euphorbia prostrata andgrasses.

The list of floral species reported in Study Area are given in Table-10.2.

Table-10.2: List of floral species in Study A rea

Botanical Name Common Name Family HabitAbelmoschus manihot Kaadubendkaai Malvaceae HerbAbrus precatorius Gurugunji Fabaceae ShrubAbutilon indicum Bettadadendu gida Malvaceae ShrubAcacia pennata Mullu seege Mimosaceae ShrubAcalypha brachystachya - Euphorbiaceae HerbAcanthospermum hispidum Lingahalli Asteraceae HerbAchyranthes aspera Uttharaani Amaranthaceae HerbAchyranthes bidendatata Uttharaani Amaranthaceae HerbAcronychi pedunculata Muttanari Rutaceae TreeAdelocaryum coelestinum - Boraginaceae HerbAzadirache indica Neem Meliaceae TreeAdhatoda zeylanica Aadusoge Acanthaceae ShrubAegle marmelos Bilvapatre Rutaceae TreeAgeratum conyzoides Oorala gida Asteraceae HerbAglaia canarensis - Meliaceae TreeAlangium salvifolium Ankole-mara Alangiaceae TreeAlbizia chinensis - Mimosaceae TreeAlbizia lebbeck Kalbaage Momosacae TreeAlloteropsis cimicina - Poaceae GrassAlstonia scholaris Mukampalei Apocynaceae TreeAlternanthera sessilis Honaganne Amaranthaceae HerbAlysicarpus vaginalis - Fabaceae HerbAmaranthus spinosus - Amaranthaceae Herb

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Botanical Name Common Name Family HabitAmmomum muricatum - Zingiberaceae HerbAmpelocissus tomentosa - Vitaceae ShrubAnamirta cocculus - Menispermaceae ClimberAndrographis ovata - Acantaceae HerbAnisomeles indica - Lamiaceae HerbAphanamixis polystachya Rakta Rohita Meliaceae TreeArdisia solanacea Savehaklu Myrsinaceae TreeArgemone mexicana Arasina dattura Papaveraceae HerbArgyreia involucrata - Convolvulaceae ShrubArisaema tortuosum - Araceae HerbAristalochia tagala - Aristolochiaceae ClimberArthraxon hispidus - Poaceae GrassArthraxon lanceolatus - Poaceae GrassArtocarpus gomezianus - Moraceae TreeArundinella sp - Poaceae GrassAsclepias curassavica - Asclepiadaceae ShrubAsparagus racemosus Shataavari Liliaceae ShrubAspidopterys cordata - Malpighiaceae ClimberBarleria cristata - Acanthaceae HerbBauhinia malabarica - Caesalpiniaceae TreeBauhinia racemosa - Caesalpiniaceae TreeBlumea lacera - Asteraceae HerbBlumea mollis - Asteraceae HerbBombax ceiba Kempu Bombacaceae TreeCaesalpinia mimosoides - Caesalpiniaceae ShrubCalotropios gigantea - Asclepiadaceae ShrubCapparis zeylanica - Capparaceae ShrubMurraya paniculata - Rutaceae ShrubDillenia pentagyana - Dilleniaceae TreeCarissa spinarum - Apocynaceae ShrubCasearia sp - Flacourtiaceae ShrubCassia fistula Konde-mara Caesalpiniaceae TreeCassia tora - Caesalpiniaceae HerbCeltis sp - Ulmaceae TreeCentella asiatica - Apiaceae HerbChrysopogon sp - Poaceae GrassCissus repens - Vitaceae ShrubClerodendrum viscosum Thaggigida Verbenaceae ShrubCocculus hirsutus Menispermaceae Dhagadiballi ClimberColebrookea oppositifolia - Lamiaceae ShrubColocasia esculenta - Araceae HerbCorchorus capsularis - Tiliaceae HerbCrassoceiphalumcrepidiodes

- Asteraceae Herb

Crotalaria sp - Fabaceae HerbCroton caudatus - Euphorbiaceae HerbCuscuta chinensis - Cuscutaceae ParasiteCyanotis cristata - Commelinaceae Herb

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Botanical Name Common Name Family HabitCynodon dactylon - Poaceae GrassCynoglossum zeylanicum - Boraginaceae HerbCyperus iria - Cyperaceae HerbDactyloctenium aegyptium - Poaceae GrassDatura metal Datura Solanaceae HerbDerris brevipes - Fabaceae ClimberDesmodium heterocarpon - Fabaceae HerbDesmodium triflorum - Fabaceae HerbDigitaria ciliaris - Poaceae GrassDioscorea sp - Dioscoreaceae ClimberDiospyros malabarica - Ebenaceae TreeElephantopus scaber - Asteraceae HerbEleusine indica - Poaceae GrassEragrostis unioloides - Poaceae GrassEuphorbia hirta - Euphorbiaceae HerbEuphorbia prostrata - Euphorbiaceae HerbEuphorbia thymifolia - Euphorbiaceae HerbFicus benghalensis - Moraceae TreeFicus hispida - Moraceae TreeFicus religiosa - Moraceae TreeFimbristylis aestivalis - Cyperaceae HerbFimbristylis dichotoma - Cyperaceae HerbFlacourtia indica Kodachadri base Flacourtiaceae ShrubGlochidion sp - Euphorbiaceae TreeGloriosa superba Gowrihoo Liliaceae HerbGomphrena serrata - Amaranthaceae HerbGrewia sp - Tiliaceae TreeHeteropogon contortus - Poaceae GrassJasminum sp - Oleaceae HerbKydia calycina Vellachadachi Malvaceae TreeKyllinga brevifolia - Cyperaceae HerbLagerstroemia parviflora - Lythraceae TreeLantana camara Chitrangi Verbenaceae ShrubLeea asiatica - Leeaceae ShrubLepidagathis cuspidata - Acanthaceae ShrubLinderina crustace - Scrophulariaceae HerbMallotus philippensis - Euphorbiaceae TreeMimosa pudica Naachige-mullu Mimosaceae HerbMitragyna parviflora Kongu Rubiaceae TreePavetta indica - Rubiaceae ShrubPhoenix humilis - Arecaceae ShrubPhyllanthus emblica Nellimara Euphorbiaceae TreePhyllanthus urinaria - Euphorbiaceae HerbPolygonum barbatum - Poligonaceae HerbPolygonum hydropiper - Poligonaceae HerbPortulaca oleracea - Portulacaceae HerbSaraca asoca Ashoka Caesalpiniaceae TreeSida acuta - Malvaceae Herb

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Botanical Name Common Name Family HabitSida rhombifolia Bannegarugugida Malvaceae HerbSolanum nigrum - Solanaceae HerbSolanum torvum - Solanaceae ShrubSyzygium cumini Nerale-mara Myrtaceae TreeSyzygium zeylanicum jogi-mara Myrtaceae TreeTerminalia sp - Combretaceae TreeTridax procumbens - Asteraceae HerbZornia gibbosa - Fabaceae Herb

10.3.8 Fauna

The Shimoga district is rich in fauna with varied mammals due to diverseforests of tropical evergreen, moist deciduous and dry forests. IndianJackal, wild pigs, Hanuman monkey, black monkeys, jungle cats, bears,Indian bison sambar, Indian tigers, panthers, leopards, barking deer,squirrels and porcupines are found in the area with dense forest.Amongst reptiles, chameleon, python, Green snake, Krait, Cobra and Viperare reported. Species of Green frog, bull frog and tree frog are the commonlyobserved amphibian species in the study area.

A large number of avi-faunal species are reported in the Study Area. Amongthe important species are parrot, vulture, kite, green pigeon, rock pigeon,peafowl, jungle fowl, partridge, wood-pecker, myna, tailor bird, sparrow,swallow, king fisher, etc. Game birds such as tree pie, jungle crow, graytit, yellow-cheeked tit, parrots, peacocks, herons and storks are alsoreported.

The list of faunal species reported in Study Area is given in Table-10.3.

Table-10.3: List of faunal s pecies recorded from Study Area

Scientific Name Common NameMammalsFelis affinis The Jungle catViverricula indica Small Indian CivetHerpestes edwardsi Common Indian MongooseLutra lutra Common OtterMelurus ursinus The sloth bearPteropus giganteus The Indian flying foxPanthera pardus LeopardPanthera tigris Indian tigersSeiurus malabaricus The Malabar SquirrelFunambulus palmarum Three-striped Palm SquirrelCanis indicus The Indian JackalPetaurista philippensis South Indian flying squirrel

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Scientific Name Common NameSus scrofa Indian Wild BoarBos gaurus Indian BisonCervus unicolor SambarRousettus leschnaulti Fulvous fruit batHystrix leucra Indian PorcupinePithecus entellus Hanuman monkeyMacaca sp MonkeyReptilesVarnus bengalensis Monitor lizardChameleon calcaratus ChameleonHemidactylus frenatus House GeckoPython molures PythonTropidinotus stolatus Common Green SnakeBugarus coeruleus KraitNaja tripudians CobraVipera resselli Viper King cobraAmphibiansRana hexadactyla Green tank frogRana tigrina Bull frogRana malabarica Tree frogRhacophorus pleuroxtictus Tree frog

10.3.9 Sharavathy Valley Wildlife Sanctuary

The Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary was declared vide preliminarynotification no. AFD.70.FWL-71, Dated 20.04.1972 of Govt. of Karnataka andfinal notification was issued by notification No. AFD 22 FWL 74 Dated:27.06.1974. The boundary details of the Sanctuary are given in Table-10.4.

Table-10.4: Boundary details of Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary

Zone AreaNorth Jog S.F., Talakalale Reservoir and Karagal S.F. forms the

northern boundary of the Sanctuary.East Eastern boundary of Sharavathy Reservoir forms the

Eastern boundary of the Sanctuary.South Mukambika Wildlife Sanctuary and North Canara District

boundary from the southern boundaries.West Common boundary of Shimoga and North Canara

district forms Western boundary of the Sanctuary.

The sanctuary is spread over an area of 431.23 km2 with dense evergreenand semi-evergreen forests. Liganamakhi reservoir spread over an area of128.7 km2, is part of this sanctuary. The remaining area has been divided intocore zone (74.33 km2), buffer zone (170.67 km2) and tourism zone

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(57.53 km2). The altitude in the sanctuary varies from 94 to 1102 m, highestpoint being Devarakonda on the southern edge of the sanctuary.

The Sanctuary lies in the Western Ghats, mainly covered with evergreen andsemi-evergreen forests in the valleys and grassy patches on hill tops, and isimmensely rich in flora and fauna both in variety and diversity. Parts of thesanctuary, mostly in the grassy blanks, have been planted up with Acaciaauriculiformies, Cashew and fruit yielding species. The floral species foundin evergreen and semi-evergreen forests in the valleys include Dhoopa,Gulmavu, Surahonne, Mavu, Nandi, etc. Faunal species namely Bison,Spotted deer, Tiger, Panther, etc. are reported from sanctuary.

The sanctuary remains open throughout the year, a n d harbours varietyof tropical flora and fauna. Sanctuary is also abode of Gaur, with numerousmedicinal plants, tree cover, and beautiful birds particularly in andaround Sharavathy back water area.

The list of floral species reported in Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary is given inTable-10.5.

Table-10.5: List of floral species reported in Sharavathy Wildlife SanctuaryBotanical Name Common Name

Diptoerocarpus indicus Dhupa

Peciloneuron indicum Balgi

Calophyllum temontosum Surahonne

Hopea parviflora Kiralbogi

Machilus macrantha Gulmavu

Palaquim ellipticum Pali

Actrocarpus fraxinifolious Balangi

Bischofia iavanica Nerulli

Terminalia paniculata Hunalu

Terminalia temontosa Mathi

Lagarstroemia lanceolata Nandi

Lophopetalum wightianum Bolpole

Mangifera indica Mavu

Vitexal tisima Naviladi

Acroacarepous hirusta Hebbalasu

Bombax ceiba Boorga

Schlechera oleosa Sagada

Alstonia scholaris Hale

Syzygium cumini Nerale

Petrocarpus marsupium Honne

Dalbergia latifolia Beete

Myristica malabarica Rampatre

Caryot aurens Bhagane

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Botanical Name Common Name

Elaeocarpus serratus Maite

Aporasa lindleyana Sarali

Holigarna caustica Holegaru

Fagarabud runga Jumma

Dillenia pentagyna Kanagalu

Olea dioica Akkasale

Careya arborea Kavalu

Emplica officinalis Nalli

Strychnusnux vomica Kasaraka

Cinnamum zeylanicum Dalchinni

Randiadum atorum Kare

Xylia xylocorpa Jamba

Strobilanthus spp. Gurgi

Calamus spp. Betta

ClerodardronIn fortunatum Taggi

Fauna of Sharavathi Wildlife Sanctuary

The commonly observed mammals are Leopard, tiger, jackal, wild dog,spotted deer, sloth bear, barking deer, sambar, wild pig, mouse deer, spotteddeer, bonnet macaque, common langur, giant flying squirrel, Malabar giantsquirrel, otter, pangolin, Black Panther, porcupine, jackal, , wild dog andporcupine. The endangered species of lion tailed macaque finds its refuge inthis forest.

Python, king cobra, crocodile, rat snake and monitor lizard are the commonlyobserved reptiles. The commonly observed avi-fauna includes blue throatedbarbet, Paradise flycatcher, three species of hornbill, racket-tailed drongo,lorikeets and Indian lories.

The list of faunal species reported in Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary is given inTable-10.6.

Table-10.6: List of faunal species reported in Sharavathi Wildlife Sanctuary

Common Name Zoological NameMammalsTiger Panthera tigrisPanther ( Normal and Black) Panthera pardusWild Dogs Cuon alpinus

Wild cats Felis chaus

Malabar civets Viverricule indica

Hyena Hyena hyena

Sambar Cervus unicolor

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Common Name Zoological Name

Barking Deer Muntiocus muntjack

Spotted Deer Axis axis

Musk Deer Moschus moschiferus

Black naped hare Lepus nigricolis

The gaur ( Bision ) Bos gaurus

Mouse Deer Tragulus meninna

Jackal Canis aurus

Reptiles

Land monitor lizard Veranus grisens

Python Python molurus

King Cobra Naja naja

Tortoises Geochelone elegars

Flying Squirrel Refuta indica

Giant malabar squirrel Benus hylopetus

Indian Porcupine Hystrix indica

Common langur presbytis enstellus

Bonnet monkey Macaca radiata

Lion tailed maeaque Macaca slenusSloth bear Melursus ursinusWild bear Sus scrofa

Avi -Fauna

Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus

Common Myna Acridotheres tristis

Hoope Upupa epops

Red Whiskered Bulbul Pyenonotus jocosus

Red Vaned Bulbul Pyenonotus cafer

Little cormorant Phalacrocorax nigir

Darter Anbing rufa

Little Egret Egretta grazetta

Cattle Egret Bulbulcus ibis

Large Egret Egretta alba

Adjutant stork Leptopilos dubius

White necked stork Ciconia episcopus

White Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus

Brahmini kite Haliastus indus

Grey Jungle fowl Gallus sconerata

Pea fowl Pava cristaus

Purple moorahen Porphyrio porphyrio

Pheasant tailed jacana Hydrophasianus chrurgus

Red whattled lapwing Vanellis indicus

Spotted dove Streptopelia chinenisis

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Common Name Zoological NameBlue rock pegion Columba livia

Indian lorikeet Lsricula vernlis

Rose ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri

Indian cuckoo Cuculus micropterus

Common grey Hornbill Tockus birostris

Green Indian Hornbill Busceres bicormis

Green Barbet Meglaima zeylanica

Blue Throated barbet Melaima

White wagtail Motacilla able

Scarlet minivet Pericroctus flammeus

Grey Indian Shrike Lanius

Paradise fly catcher Terpsiphone paradisi

Magopi robin Copsychus saularis

Tailor Bird Orthotomus sutorius

Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica

White backed munia Lanchura striata

Golden oriole Oriolus oriolus

Black Drango Dicrurus adsimilius

Large Racket tailed Drango dicrurus paradiseus

Jungle Crow Corous macrorphynchos

Crow pheasant Centropus sinensis

Jungle babblar Turdoidea striatus

Settlements within F auna of Sharavathi Wildlife Sanctuary

About 24 small villages comprising of 1 to 10 houses in each village are alsoobserved in the sanctuary area. These villages are situated in valleys whereperennial water source and deep soil is available. None of the settlements arethickly populated. The people move inside the sanctuary as they aredependent upon the sanctuary for meeting their fuel, fodder, small timber andother inevitable forest produces required for normal living.

Water Sour ces

During 1964-65, Liganamakhi dam was constructed across Sharavathy riverwhich led to submergence of various villages and forest areas. The peopleaffected by this hydro-electric project were shifted from the project area andwere allowed to settle in various other places. After the submergence offorest area, many big and small have been created.

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Sharavathy River and the reservoir constructed near Liganamakhi, is themain source of water in the sanctuary. Also, there are many tributaries whichare perennial. Yennehole, a small perennial river passes through Karani SFand Sarala hole passes through Govardhanagiri SF. These rivers serve aswater source during summer season of western and eastern side of thesanctuary. A number of check dams and tanks have been constructed,which store water and serve as a source of water during summer. Anumber of ponds, small tanks, check dams have been constructed to providewater during summer months for the wildlife. The water spread area in thesanctuary is 123.63 km2.

The area receives an average rainfall of about 4500 mm annually, howeversome of the nalas and small tanks dry up as early as in February exceptsome perennial ones. About 85% of the precipitation is lost as run-off due toinadequate soil and water conservation measures and owing to steepterrains. Due to steep slopes and heavy rainfall, the top soil is washed awayresulting in soil erosion and loss of fertility. Hence effective soil and watermanagement practice are absolutely necessary.

10.4 Prediction of Impacts

Prediction is essentially a process to forecast the future environmentalconditions of the project area that might be expected to occur because of theimplementation of the project. Based on the project details and the baselineenvironmental status, potential impacts as a result of the construction andoperation of the proposed project have been identified.

The impacts on various aspects of environment are briefly described in thefollowing sections.

10.4.1 Impacts on Land Environment

a) Construction Phase

Environmental degradation due to immigration of labour population

The number of maximum personnel requirement for the employer andcontractor has been estimated to be of the order of 500 and 100 respectively.Thus, the peak aggregation of labour and technical staff including theirfamilies will be 1500. The immigration of labour population during constructionphase will also induce secondary migration in the area to cater to the various

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requirements of the project construction staff. These will include persons tomanage shops of various types, transportation, workshops, etc.

Separate accommodation and related facilities for workers, service providersand technical staff are to be provided as a part of the project. Thecongregation of labour force is likely to create problems of sewage disposal,solid waste management and felling of trees for meeting fuel requirements,etc.

Operation of construction equipment

During construction phase, various types of equipment will be brought to thesite. These include crushers, batching plant, drillers, earth movers, etc. Thesiting of these construction equipment would require significant amount ofspace. In addition, land will be required for storage of various constructionmaterial as well. However, land for this purpose will be temporarily acquired,i.e. for the duration of project construction phase.

Soil erosion

The runoff from various construction sites, will have a natural tendency to flowtowards along with the natural drainage. Thus, the disposal of drainageeffluent with such high turbidity levels is bound to affect the water quality,especially in the lean season. The drains/nallahs close to various constructionsites are seasonal in nature. Normally in such rivers biological productivity isnot high. Hence, the increase in turbidity levels are not expected to besignificant in nature.

b) Operation Phase

Acquisition of land

The total land to be acquired for the project is 153 ha. Based on theownership status of land to be acquired for the project, appropriatecompensatory measures shall be implemented. The ownership status of landto be acquired for Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project is given in Table-10.7.

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Table-10.7: Landl Requirement for Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project

S. No. Appurtenance Area (ha)1. Project Components 982. Roads 303. Muck Disposal/ Quarry Site 154. Contractor’s facilities 10

Total 153

As a part of CEIA study, detailed studies to assess the ownership status of theland to be acquired for various project appurtenances shall be conducted.Suitable compensatory measures as per the ownership status of the land to beacquired for the project shall be formulated.

10.4.2 Impacts on Water Environment

a) Construction phase

i) Sewage from labour camps

The project construction is likely to last for a period of 4 years and 3 months(51 months). The peak labour strength likely to be employed during projectconstruction phase is about 500 workers and 100 technical staff. Based onexperience of similar projects, the increase in the population as a result ofmigration of labour population during construction phase is expected to be ofthe order of 1500.

The construction phase, also leads to mushrooming of various allied activitiesto meet the demands of the immigrant labour population in the project area.The domestic water requirement has been estimated as 70 lpcd. Thus, totalwater requirements work out to 0.11 mld. It is assumed that about 80% of thewater supplied will be generated as sewage. Thus, total quantum of sewagegenerated is expected to be of the order of 0.08 mld. The BOD loadcontributed by domestic sources will be about 68 kg/day. It is recommendedto commission units for treatment of sewage generated from labour campsprior to disposal.

ii) Effluent from crushers

During construction phase, at least one crusher will be commissioned at siteby the contractor involved in construction activities. It is proposed onlycrushed material would be brought at construction site are likely. Water is

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required to wash the boulders and to lower the temperature of the crushingedge. About 0.1 m3 of water is required per ton of material crushed. Theeffluent from the crusher would contain high suspended solids. It is proposedto treat the effluent from crushers in settling tank prior to disposal, so as toameliorate even the marginal impacts likely to accrue on this account.

b) Operation phase

During project operation phase, due to absence of any large-scaleconstruction activity, the cause and source of water pollution will be muchdifferent. Since, only a small number of O&M staff will reside in the area in awell-designed colony with sewage treatment plant and other infrastructurefacilities, problems of water pollution due to disposal of sewage are notanticipated.

In the operation phase, about 50 families (total population of 250) will beresiding in the project colony. About 0.04 mld of sewage will be generated.The total BOD loading will be order of 11 kg/day. It shall be ensured thatsewage from the project colony be treated in a sewage treatment plant so asto meet the disposal standards for effluent. Thus, no impacts are anticipatedas a result of disposal of effluents from the project colony.

10.4.3 Impacts on Air Environment

In a water resources project, air pollution occurs mainly during projectconstruction phase. The major sources of air pollution during constructionphase are:

Pollution due to fuel combustion in various equipment Emission from various crushers Dust emission from muck disposal

Pollution due to fuel combustion in various equipment

The operation of various construction equipment requires combustion of fuel.Normally, diesel is used in such equipment. The major pollutant which getsemitted as a result of combustion of diesel is SO2. The SPM emissions areminimal due to low ash content in diesel. The short-term increase in SO2,even assuming that all the equipment are operating at a common point, isquite low, i.e. of the order of less than 1g/m3. Hence, no major impact isanticipated on this account on ambient air quality.

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Emissions from crushers

The operation of the crusher during the construction phase is likely togenerate fugitive emissions, which can move even up to 1 km in predominantwind direction. During construction phase, one crusher each is likely to becommissioned near proposed dam and proposed power house sites. Duringcrushing operations, fugitive emissions comprising mainly the suspendedparticulate will be generated. Since, there are no major settlements close toproposed project site, hence, no major adverse impacts on this account areanticipated. However, during layout design, care should be taken to ensurethat the labour camps, colonies, etc. are located on the leeward side andoutside the impact zone (say about 2 km on the wind direction) of thecrushers.

Dust emission from muck disposal

The loading and unloading of muck is one of the source of dust generation.Since, muck will be mainly in form of small rock pieces, stone, etc., with verylittle dust particles. Significant amount of dust is not expected to be generatedon this account. Thus, adverse impacts due to dust generation during muckdisposal are not expected.

10.4.4 Impacts on Noise Environment

a) Constr uction phase

In a water resource projects, the impacts on ambient noise levels areexpected only during the project construction phase, due to earth movingmachinery, etc. Likewise, noise due to quarrying, blasting, vehicularmovement will have some adverse impacts on the ambient noise levels in thearea.

i) Impacts due to operation of construction equipment

The noise level due to operation of various construction equipment is given inTable-10.8.

Table-10.8: Noise level due to operation of vari ous construction equipment

Equipment Noise level dB(A)Earth movingCompactors 70-72Loaders and Excavator 72-82

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Equipment Noise level dB(A)Dumper 72-92Tractors 76-92Scrappers, graders 82-92Pavers 86-88Truck 84-94Material handlingConcrete mixers 75-85Movable cranes 82-84StationaryPumps 68-70Generators 72-82Compressors 75-85

Under the worst-case scenario, considered for prediction of noise levelsduring construction phase, it has been assumed that all these equipmentgenerate noise from a common point. The increase in noise levels due tooperation of various construction equipment is given in Table-10.9.

Table-10.9: Increase in noise levels due to operation of various construction equipment

Distance (m) Ambientnoise levels

dB(A)

Increase innoise level

due toconstruction

activitiesdB(A)

Increased noiselevel due toconstruction

activitiesdB(A)

Increase inambient noise

level due toconstruction

activitiesdB(A)

100 36 45 45 34200 36 39 39 29500 36 31 31 251000 36 25 25 251500 36 21 21 242000 36 19 19 242500 36 17 17 243000 36 15 15 24

It would be worthwhile to mention here that in absence of the data on actuallocation of various construction equipment, all the equipment have beenassumed to operate at a common point. This assumption leads to over-estimation of the increase in noise levels. Also, it is a known fact that there isa reduction in noise level as the sound wave passes through a barrier. Thetransmission loss values for common construction materials are given inTable-10.10.

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Table-10.10: Transmission loss for common construction materials

Material Thickness ofconstruction material

(inches)

Decrease in noise leveldB(A)

Light concrete 4 386 39

Dense concrete 4 40Concrete block 4 32

6 36Brick 4 33Granite 4 40

Thus, the walls of various houses will attenuate at least 30 dB (A) of noise. Inaddition there are attenuation due to the following factors.

Air absorption Rain Atmospheric inhomogeneties. Vegetal cover

Thus, no increase in noise levels is anticipated as a result of various activities,during the project construction phase.

Impacts on labour

The effect of high noise levels on the operating personnel, has to beconsidered as this may be particularly harmful. It is known that continuousexposures to high noise levels above 90 dB (A) affects the hearing acuity ofthe workers/operators and hence, should be avoided. To prevent theseeffects, it has been recommended by Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) that the exposure period of affected persons be limitedas per the maximum exposure period specified in Table-10.11.

Table-10.11: Maximum Exposure Periods specified by OSHAMaximum equivalent continuous

Noise level dB(A)Unprotected exposure period per day for

8 hrs/day and 5 days/week90 895 4100 2105 1110 ½115 ¼120 No exposure permitted at or above this level

10.4.5 Impacts on Land Environment

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The major impacts anticipated on land environment during construction are asfollows:

Operation of construction equipment Quarrying operations Muck disposal Acquisition of land

i) Operation of construction equipment

During construction phase, various types of equipment will be brought to thesite. These include crushers, batching plant, drillers, earthmovers, rockbolters, etc. The siting of this construction equipment would require significantamount of space. Similarly, space will be required for storing of various otherconstruction equipment. In addition, land will also be temporarily acquired, i.e.for the duration of project construction for storage of quarried material beforecrushing, crushed material, cement, rubble, etc. The contractor’s facilities andstorage sites for construction material shall be located outside SharavathyWildlife Sanctuary.

Various criteria for selection of these sites would be:

Proximity to the site of use Sensitivity of forests in the nearby areas Proximity from habitations Proximity to drinking water source

Efforts must be made to site the contractor’s working space in such a way thatthe adverse impacts on environment are minimal, i.e. to locate theconstruction equipment, so that impacts on human and faunal population isminimal.

i) Quarrying operations

The quantum of coarse aggregate requirement is 4,10,000 m3, of which3,28,000 m3 (80%) would be taken from the muck generated from the project.The remaining 20% (82,000 m3), construction material would be extractedfrom Mastihalla Stone quarry, which was also used from construction ofGerusoppa reservoir.

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The construction material requirement for the proposed project is summarizedin Table-10.12.

Table-10.12: Construction Material Requirement for Sharavathy Pumped StorageProject

S. No. Material Quantity (m 3)1. Concrete

(a) Coarse aggregate(b) Fine aggregate

290,800240,00012,900

2. Fill Material (Coffer dam) 50,0003. Cut & cover Earth fill 380,000

A permanent scar is likely to be left, once quarrying activities are over. Withthe passage of time, rock from the exposed face of the quarry under theaction of wind and other erosional forces, get slowly weathered and aftersome time, they become a potential source of landslide. Thus it is necessaryto implement appropriate slope stabilization measures to prevent thepossibility of soil erosion and landslides in the quarry sites.

ii) Muck disposal

Muck generation and disposal could lead to various adverse impacts. Themuck needs to be disposed at designated sites. This could lead to followingimpacts:

loss of land problems regarding stability of spoil dumps access to spoil dump areas

A part of the muck can be used for the following purposes:

Use of suitable rock from the excavation as aggregate in the mixing ofconcrete.

Use of muck for maintenance of roads. Use as backfill material in quarry and borrow pits.

The quantum of muck generation is 19.31 lakh m3, which 6.31 lakh m3 wouldbe generated through open excavation and 13.0 lakh m3 shall be generatedthrough underground excavation.

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The quantum of aggregate requirement in 410,0000 m3 of which 80% will begenerated from muck generated due to the project. Thus, quantum of muck tobe disposal considering swelling factor as 40% is [1.4 (1300258 – 0.8x410,000) 14.49 lakh m3. The area required for muck disposal (considering 12 mdumping height) is 12.08 ha.

Amount 6.31 lakh m3 of soil will be generated due to construction of HRT ofwhich about 3.80 lakh m3 will be utilized as cover material. Considering theswelling factor as 25% and dumping height as 12 m, area required fordisposal of soil will be 2.62 ha. Thus, total area required for muck disposal willbe (12.08 + 2.62) 14.70 ha. The muck will be disposed in already excavatedMastihalla Quarry, which was used for construction of Gerusoppa reservoir.

10.4.6 Impacts on Biological Environment


10.4.6.1 Impacts on Terrestrial Flora

Impacts due to Vehicular movement and blasting

Dust is expected to be generated during blasting, vehicle movement fortransportation of construction material or construction waste. The dustparticles shall settle on the foliage of trees and plants, thereby reduction inamount of sunlight falling on tree foliage. This will reduce the photosyntheticactivity. Based on experience in similar settings, the impact is expected to belocalized upto a maximum of 50 to 100 m from the source. In addition, thearea experiences rainfall for almost 6 to 7 months in a year. Thus, minimaldeposition of dust is expected on flora. Thus, no significant impact is expectedon this account.

Acquisition of forest land

During project construction phase, land will be required for location of muckdisposal quarrying centralization facilities widening of existing roads andconstruction of new project roads. The total land requirement for the project is153 ha, a part of which could be forest land.

10.4.6.2 Impacts on Terrestrial fauna

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Disturbance to wildlife

During the construction period, machinery and construction workers aremobilized, which can disturbed the wildlife population in the vicinity of projectarea. The length of conductor system is 7.8 km. No land of SharavathyWildlife Sanctuary is to be acquired. The water conductor system shallcommence from the tip of Talakalale Reservoir (Upper Reservoir), which isabout 3.4 km from the boundary of Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary. Thedistance of start of water conductor system from tip of Talakalale Reservoir(Upper Reservoir) with respect to Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary is depicted inFigure-10.2.

FIGURE-10.2

During construction phase, accessibility to area will lead to influx of workersand the people associated with the allied activities from outside will alsoincrease. The other major impact could be the blasting to be carried outduring construction phase, This impact needs to be mitigated by adoptingcontrolled blasting and strict surveillance regime and the same is proposed to

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be used in the project. This will reduce the noise level and vibrations due toblasting to a great extent.

Siting of construction equipment, godowns, stores, labour camps, etc. maygenerally disturb the fauna in the area. The project site is located about 3.4km from Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary. To minimize any adverse inputs dueto poaching activities from immigrant labour population, strict anti-poachingsurveillance measures need to be implemented, especially during projectconstruction phase. The same shall be covered in detail as a part of theEnvironmental Management Plan (EMP).

b) Operation phase

Both Upper (Talakalale) Reservoir and Lower (Gerusoppa) Reservoir arealready constructed and under operation. Only water conductor system toconvey water from Upper Reservoir to power house and from power house toLower Reservoir and back to Upper Reservoir will be commissioned. Theentire water conductor system and power house to be constructed shall beunderground. Thus, during operation phase, no adverse impacts on terrestrialecology is anticipated.

10.4.7 Aquatic Flora


During construction phase wastewater mostly from domestic source will bedischarged mostly from various camps of workers actively engaged in theproject area. The sewage generated from labour camps will be treated in aSewage Treatment Plant (STP) prior to disposal.

c) Operation phase

Sharavathy Pumped Structure project is not expected to result in significantchanges in the riverine ecology, as both the upper and lower reservoirs arealready constructed and are under operation. The water from upper Reservoiris conveyed through water conductor system to power house of existing 1055MW existing Sharavathy hydroelectric project. The Lower reservoir is used togenerate power from 240 MW Gerusoppa HEP. The proposed project wouldabstract 500 cumec of water from existing Talakalale Reservoir (UpperReservoir) power generation, which will be returned back to TalakalaleReservoir (Upper Reservoir) through an underground water conductor system.

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Thus, no adverse impacts on existing riverine ecology is expected due to theproposed pumped storage project.

10.4.8 Impacts on Socio -Economic Environment

This proposed project is likely to entail both positive as well as negativeimpacts on the socio-cultural aspects of the area. During construction andoperation phases, significant allied activities will mushroom in the projectarea.

(i) Impacts due to influx of labour force

During the construction phase a large labour force, including skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled labour force of the order of about 1500 persons, isexpected to immigrate into the project area. It is felt that most of the labourforce would come from other parts of the country. However, some of thelocals would also be employed to work in the project. The labour force wouldstay near to the project construction sites.

The project will also lead to certain negative impacts. The most importantnegative impact would be during the construction phase. The labour force thatwould work in the construction site would settle around the site. They wouldtemporarily reside there. This may lead to solid waste generation, sewagegeneration, etc. which can lead to harmful impacts if proper mitigatorymeasures are not undertaken.

The employment opportunities in the area are limited. Thus, during projectconstruction phase, some of the locals may get employment. It has beenobserved during construction phase of many of the projects; the major worksare contracted out, who bring their own skilled labour. However, it is only inthe unskilled category, that locals get employment.

iii) Economic impacts of the project

Apart from direct employment, the opportunities for indirect employment willalso be generated which would provide great impetus to the economy of thelocal area. Various types of business like shops, food-stall, tea stalls, etc.besides a variety of suppliers, traders, transporters will concentrate here andbenefit immensely as demand will increase significantly for almost all types ofgoods and services. The business community as a whole will be benefited.The locals will avail these opportunities arising from the project and increasetheir income levels. With the increase in income levels, there will be animprovement in the infrastructure facilities in the area.

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iv) Impacts due to land acquisition

The key impact during construction phase will be that, pertaining to landacquisition. About 153 ha of land is proposed to be acquired for the proposedSharavathy Pumped Storage project. Based on the present level ofinvestigations, ownership status of land to be acquired for the project is notknown.

As a part of CEIA study, the quantum of private and forest land to be acquiredneeds to be identified. Based on the ownership status, appropriate,compensatory measures, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan will beformulated.

10.5 Environmental Management Plan

Based on the environmental baseline conditions and project inputs, theadverse impacts will be identified and a set of measures will be suggested asa part of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for their amelioration. Anoutline of various measures suggested as a part of EnvironmentalManagement Plan is briefly described in the following sections.`10.5.1 Envir onmental Measures For Labour Camps

10.5.1.1 Facilities in labour camps

It is recommended that project authorities can compulsorily ask the contractorto make semi-permanent structures for their workers. These structures couldbe tin sheds. These sheds can have internal compartments allotted to eachworker family. The sheds will have electricity and ventilation system, watersupply and community latrines.

The water for meeting domestic requirements may be collected from the riversor streams flowing upstream of the labour camps.

10.5.1.2 Sanitation facilities

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One community toilet can be provided per 20 persons. The sewage from thecommunity latrines can be treated in a sewage treatment plant beforedisposal.

10.5.1.3 Solid waste management from labour camps

For solid waste collection, suitable number of masonry storage vats, each of 2m3 capacity should be constructed at appropriate locations in various labourcamps. These vats should be emptied at regular intervals and shall bedisposed at identified landfill sites. Suitable solid waste collection and disposalarrangement shall be provided. A suitable landfill site should be identified anddesigned to contain municipal waste from various Project Township, labourcolonies, etc. The landfill site shall be finalized

10.5.1.4 Provision o f free fuel

During the construction period of the project, there would be around 600labour and technical staff would be involved in the project construction work.Many families may prefer cooking on their own instead of using communitykitchen. In the absence of fuel for cooking, they would resort to tree cuttingand using wood as fuel. To avoid such a situation, the project authority shallmake LPG and or kerosene available to the labour population involved inconstruction activities. The supply of LPG and kerosene can be ensured onregular basis. A local depot can be established through LPG/ kerosenesuppliers for supply of the same.

10.5.2 Muck Disposal

A part of the muck generated, is proposed to be utilized for construction worksafter crushing it into the coarse and fine aggregates. The balance quantum ofmuck would have to be disposed. The muck shall be disposed in Mastihallaquarry, which was used for construction of Liganamakhi reservoir. The siteshall then be stabilized by implementing bioengineering treatment measures.Muck disposal is done after creating terraces thus usable terraces aredeveloped. The overall idea is to enhance/maintain aesthetic view in thesurrounding area of the project in post-construction period and avoidcontamination of any land or water resource due to muck disposal.

Suitable retaining walls shall be constructed to develop terraces so as tosupport the muck on vertical slope and for optimum space utilization. Loosemuck would be compacted layer wise. The muck disposal area will bedeveloped in a series of terraces of boulder crate wall and masonry wall to

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protect the area/muck from flood water during monsoons. In-between theterraces, catch water drain will be provided.

The terraces of the muck disposal area will be ultimately covered with fertilesoil and suitable plants will be planted adopting suitable bio-technologicalmeasures.

Various activities proposed as a part of the management plan are given asbelow:

Land acquisition for muck dumping sites Civil works (construction of retaining walls, boulder crate walls etc.) Dumping of muck Levelling of the area, terracing and implementation of various

engineering control measures e.g., boulder, crate wall, masonry wall,catch water drain.

Spreading of soil Application of fertilizers to facilitate vegetation growth over disposal

sites.

For stabilization of muck dumping areas following engineering and biologicalmeasures have been proposed:

Engineering Measures

Wire crate wall Boulder crate wall Retaining wall Catch water Drain

Biological Measures

Plantation of suitable tree species and soil binding species Plantation of ornamental plants Barbed wire fencing

10.5.3 Restoration Plan f or Quarry Sites

The following biological and engineering measures are suggested for therestoration of quarry site:

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Garland drains around quarry site to capture the runoff and divert thesame to the nearest natural drain.

Construction of concrete guards check the soil erosion of the area. The pit formed after excavation be filled with small rocks, sand and

farmyard manure. Grass slabs will be placed to stabilized and to check the surface runoff

of water and loose soil. Bench terracing of quarry sites once extraction of construction material

is completed.

10.5.4 Restoration and Landscaping o f Proje ct Sites

The working area of power house complex colony area have been selectedfor beautification of the project area after construction is over. The upper andlower reservoirs can become tourist attractions. Thus, there is a need todevelop parks, restaurants, benches for sitting, development of resting sheds,walking trails, etc. The beautification would be carried out by developingplantations ornamental plants and flower gardens.

There would be sufficient open space in power house complex and colonyarea. Forested area in the power house complex would provide aesthetic viewand add to natural seismic beauty. The beautification in the colony area wouldbe carried out by development of flowering beds for plantation of ornamentalplant, creepers, flower garden and a small park, construction of benches forsitting, resting sheds, walk way and fountain.

10.5.5 Compensation for Acquisition o f Forest Land

Based on the ownership status of land to be acquired, it is proposed toafforest twice the forest area being acquired for the project. The species forafforestation shall be selected in consultation with local forest department. Inaddition to compensatory afforestation, cost of trees and numbers will also bepaid by the project proponent.

10.5.6 Anti -poaching measu res

It is recommended to commission check posts at various sites, i.e. labourcamps, construction material storage site, alignment of water conductorsystem, etc. during project construction phase. Each check post will have 4guards. One Range Officer would be employed to supervise the operation ofthese check-posts and ensure that poaching does not become a common

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phenomenon in the area. These check posts also will also be provided withappropriate communication facilities and other infrastructure as well.

10.5.7 Bio -diversity Conservation Plan

As a part of the EIA study a detailed Bio diversity plan shall be formulated.The plan shall cover measures for conservation of floral and faunal speciesincluding awareness programme infrastructure development etc.

10.5.8 Greenbelt Development

Although the forest loss due to various project appurtenances structurecompensated as a part of compensatory afforestation, it is proposed todevelop greenbelt around the periphery of various project appurtenances,selected stretches along periphery of Upper and Lower Reservoirs.

10.5.9 Sustenance o f Riverine Fisheries

As a part of the CEIA study, it is proposed to study the presence of variousfish species in river Sharavathy, upper and lower reservoirs and otherlocations of the study Area. Based on the type of fish species available in theStudy Area, appropriate management measures will be implemented.

Based on present level of information, it is proposed to implementsupplementary stocking programmes for sustenance of endemic fisheries. It isproposed to stock upper and lower reservoir, river Sharavathy upstream andof the upper region downstream. The stocking can be done annually by theFisheries Department, State Government of Karnataka.

10.5.10 Public Health Delivery System

The suggested measures are given in following paragraphs:

The site selected for habitation of workers shall not be in the path ofnatural drainage.

Adequate drainage system to dispose storm water drainage from thelabour colonies shall be provided.

Adequate vaccination and immunization facilities shall be provided forworkers at the construction site.

The labour camps and resettlement sites shall be at least 2 km awayfrom a main water body or quarry areas.

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As a part of Health Delivery System, following measures shall beimplemented:

Clearing of shoreline, mats and floating debris, etc. to reduce theproliferation of mosquitoes.

Development of medical facilities in the project area and near labourcamps

Implementation of mosquito control activities in the area.

Infrastructure

Dispensary : Considering the number of rooms, staff quarters and open spaceetc., it is estimated that 10,000 sq.feet of plot will be required for dispensary,out of which about 8000 sq. Feet will be the built-up land which includes staffquarters, etc.

First Aid Posts : Temporary first aid posts shall be provided at majorconstruction sites. These will be constructed with asbestos sheets, bamboo,etc.

10.5.11 Maintenance o f Water Quality

The sewage generated from the labour camps, as mentioned earlier, isproposed to be treated in sewage treatment plant prior to disposal. In addition,it is proposed to treat the effluent generated from batching plant, concretemixer, workshop, etc. prior to disposal.

In the project operation phase, a plant colony with about 50 quarters is likelyto be set up. The sewage so generated would be treated through a sewagetreatment plant, equipped with secondary treatment units.

10.5.12 Control o f Noise

The suggested measures are given in following paragraphs: Contractors will be required to maintain properly functioning equipment

and comply with occupational safety and health standards. Construction equipment will be required to use available noise

suppression devices and properly maintained mufflers. Vehicles to be equipped with mufflers recommended by the vehicle

manufacturer.

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Staging of construction equipment and unnecessary idling ofequipment within noise sensitive areas to be avoided wheneverpossible.

Use of temporary sound fences or barriers to be evaluated. Monitoring of noise levels will be conducted during the construction

phase of the project. In case of exceeding of pre-determinedacceptable noise levels by the machinery will require the contractor(s)to stop work and remedy the situation prior to continuing construction.

10.5.13 Control o f Air Pollution

Minor air quality impacts will be caused by emissions from constructionvehicles, equipment and DG sets, and emissions from transportation traffic.Frequent truck trips will be required during the construction period for removalof excavated material and delivery of select concrete and other equipmentand materials. The following measures are recommended to control airpollution:

Contractor will be responsible for maintaining properly functioningconstruction equipment to minimize exhaust.

Construction equipment and vehicles will be turned off when not usedfor extended periods of time.

Unnecessary idling of construction vehicles to be prohibited. Effective traffic management to be undertaken to avoid significant

delays in and around the project area. Road damage caused by sub-project activities will be promptly

attended to with proper road repair and maintenance work.

Dust Control

To minimize issues related to the generation of dust during the constructionphase of the project, the following measures have been identified:

Identification of construction limits (minimal area required forconstruction activities).

When practical, excavated spoils will be removed as the contractorproceeds along the length of the activity.

When necessary, stockpiling of excavated material will be covered orstaged offsite location with muck being delivered as needed during thecourse of construction.

```




Excessive soil on paved areas will be sprayed (wet) and/or swept andunpaved areas will be sprayed and/or mulched. The use of petroleumproducts or similar products for such activities will be strictly prohibited.

Contractors will be required to cover stockpiled soils and trucks haulingsoil, sand, and other loose materials (or require trucks to maintain atleast two feet of freeboard).

Contractor shall ensure that there is effective traffic management atsite. The number of trucks/vehicles to move at various constructionsites to be fixed.

Dust sweeping - The construction area and vicinity (access roads, andworking areas) shall be swept with water sweepers on a daily basis oras necessary to ensure there is no visible dust.

10.6 Resettlement a nd Rehabilitation Plan

Based on the present level of investigations, quantum of private land to beacquired, number of project affected families is not available. The informationof families losing land, houses and other private properties shall also beascertained. Socio-economic survey for the Project Affected Families (PAFs)will be conducted as a part of the site. Based on the findings of the survey anappropriate Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan will be formulated as per thenorms and guidelines of Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency inLand Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

10.7 Catchment Area Treatment

The following aspects are proposed as a part of the Catchment AreaTreatment Plan to be prepared as a part of the CEIA study:

Delineation of micro-watersheds in the river catchment and mapping ofcritically degraded areas requiring various biological and engineeringtreatment measures.

Identification of area for treatment based upon Remote Sensing & GISmethodology and Silt Yield Index (SYI) method of AISLUS coupled withground survey.

Prioritization of watershed for treatment based upon SYI. Spatial Information in each micro watershed to be earmarked on maps. CAT plan would be prepared with year-wise Physical and financial

details.

10.8 Infrastructure Develo pment Under Local Area DevelopmentPLAN (LADP)

```




A lump-sum budget @ 0.5% of the Project Cost has been earmarked forconstruction of Infrastructure and Local Area Development Planworks. Theactivities envisaged are given as below:

Upgradation of Education Facilities Strengthening of existing PHSCs/ Health Care Facilities Construction of community toilets Approach Roads and Widening of Existing Roads Upgradation of Drinking Water Supply Miscellaneous activities

10.9. Environmental Monitoring Programme

The Environmental Impact Assessment is basically an evaluation of futureevents. It is necessary to continue monitoring certain parameters identified ascritical by relevant authorities under an Environmental Monitoring Programme.This would anticipate any environmental problem so as to take effectivemitigation measures. An Environmental Monitoring Programme will beformulated for implementation during project construction and operationphases. The cost estimates and equipment necessary for the implementationof this programme shall also be covered as a part of the Comprehensive EIAstudy.

The Environmental Monitoring Programme for implementation duringconstruction and operation phases is given in Tables-10.13 and 10.14respectively.

Table-10.13: Summa ry of Environmental Monitoring Programme during ProjectConstruction Phase

S. No. Item Parameters Frequency Location1. Effluent from STP pH, BOD, COD,

TSS, TDSOnce everymonth

Before and aftertreatment fromSewageTreatment plant

2. Water-relateddiseases

Identification ofwater relateddiseases,adequacy of localvector control andcurative measure,etc.

Three times ayear

Labour campsand colonies

3. Noise Equivalent noiselevel (Leq)

Once in threemonths

At majorconstruction

```




S. No. Item Parameters Frequency Locationsites.

4. Air quality PM10 SO2 and NO2 Once everyseason

At majorconstructionsites

Table-10.14: Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme during ProjectOperation Phase

S. No. Items Parameters Frequency Location1. Water pH, Temperature, EC,

Turbidity, TotalDissolved Solids,Calcium, Magnesium,Total Hardness,Chlorides, Sulphates,Nitrates, DO. COD,BOD, Iron, Zinc,Manganese

Thrice a year Upper and LowerReservoir

1 and 5 kmupstream of upperreservoir dam site

1, 5 and 10 kmdownstream ofLower Reservoir

2. EffluentfromSewageTreatmentPlant (STP)

pH, BOD, COD, TSS,TDS

Once everyweek

Before and aftertreatment fromSewageTreatment Plant(STP)

3. Erosion &Siltation

Soil erosion rates,stability of bankembankment, etc.

Twice a year -

4. Afforestationprogram

Status of afforestationprogrammes of greenbelt development

Once in 2years

-

5. Bio-diversities

Presence of floralfaunal species, threatsto flora and fauna,efficacy of mitigationmeasures, etc.

Three timesa year

Sites forimplementation of Biodiversity conservationPlan.

6. Water-relateddiseases

Identification of water-related diseases, sites,adequacy of localvector controlmeasures, etc.

Three timesa year

Villages adjacentto project sites

7. Aquaticecology

Phytoplanktons,zooplanktons, benthiclife, fish composition

Once a year Upper and LowerReservoir

1 and 5 kmupstream of upperreservoir dam site

1, 5 and 10 kmdownstream ofLower Reservoir

8. Landuse Landuse pattern using Once in a Catchment area of

```




S. No. Items Parameters Frequency Locationsatellite data year Upper and Lower

Reservoirs9. Soils pH, EC, texture,

organic matterOnce in ayear

Catchment area ofUpper and LowerReservoirs

10.10 Cost for Implementing Environmental Management Plan

The total amount to be spent for implementation of EnvironmentalManagement Plan (EMP) is Rs. 1681.0 million. The details are given in Table-10.15.

Table-10.15: Cost for Implementing Environmental Management Plan

S. No. Item Cost (Rs. million)1. Compensatory Afforestation NPV, Bio-diversity

conservation500.0

2. Catchment Area Treatment 180.03. Fisheries Management 50.04. Public health delivery system 60.05. Environmental Management in labour camp 80.06. Muck management 130.07. Restoration and Landscaping of construction sites 10.08. Greenbelt Development around reservoir 5.09. Air pollution control 25.010 Water pollution control 5.011 Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan 300.012 Fund for Local Area Development Activities @ 0.5%

of project cost261.0

13 Disaster Management Plan 50.0

14 Public Awareness Programme 5.0

15 Environmental Monitoring during constructionphase

20.00

Total 1681.0

11. Conclusions

Based on the preliminary assessment of environmental issues considered inthe present Chapter, it can be concluded that the project is in proximity toecologically sensitive area Sharavathy Wildlife Sanctuary.(about 3 Km.) .

It is proposed to conduct, a detailed Comprehensive EIA study with anobjective to assess various impacts likely to accrue as a result of constructionand operation of the proposed project on various aspects of Environment.

```




Appropriate management measures too shall be delineated as a part ofEnvironmental Management Plan (EMP), which will be covered as a part ofthe Comprehensive EIA study.

The water conductor system from Talakhala Reservoir is about 3.4 km fromSharavathy wildlife sanctuary. Hence, the project would require clearancefrom National Board of Wildlife.

CHAPTER- 11

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

Chapter – 11: Construction Material 1


(8 x 250 MW)


CHAPTER – 11

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

11.1 Material Requirement and Availability

Table 11.1: Details of Availability and Requirement of Materials

Materials Availability Quantity m3

Requirement

Quantity m3

Coarse Aggregate and Fine Aggregate and Rockfill

a) From open excavation (approach channel, HRT, Intake, TRT outfall, Portal of MAT & Adits etc.)

b) Underground Excavation (entire water system such as HRT, Pressure Shaft, T. Cavern, Power House, TRT Mat and Adits etc.)

6,31,452

13,00,258

a) Concrete works in water conductor system (Adits, miscellaneous structures etc.) assuming M20 Concrete

b) Backfill material (coffer dam - rockfill)

2,90,801 CA = 2,37,928 FA = 1,18,964

50,000

Total 19,31,710 Say 1.93 Mm3

3,40,801 Say 0.34 Mm3

11.2 Field Investigation

11.2.1 Rock Samples

It can be seen from the Table 11.1 that the quantity of materials available from all open excavations and underground excavations is about 1.93 Mm3 whereas the required quantity of coarse and fine aggregate is about 0.34 Mm3. However, these materials need to be tested for their suitability for use in concrete.

In addition, during the construction of Gerusoppa dam material from Mastihalla rock quarry (on the right bank of the Sharavathy River) which is about 7 km from the dam site has been utilized. Exposed granite rock suitable for coarse aggregate for use in concrete is available from this quarry. Also, the rock in large quantity can be obtained from Nidgodu rock quarry near Siddapur, 56 km from the dam site. The granite rock from this quarry can be used for both rockfill as well as coarse



(8 x 250 MW)


aggregate in concrete. It may be mentioned that the rock from this quarry has been used in the construction of the Liganamakhi dam during 1960’s.

11.2.2 Sand Samples

Sand suitable for use as fine aggregate in concrete works, in sufficient quantity is found to be available considering the replenishment every year at Idguriji on the right bank of Sharavathy River, 27 km from dam site.

11.3 Laboratory Investigation and Discussion of Tests Results

11.3.1 Rock Samples

The tests results on rock samples from Mastihalla and Nidgodu quarries have been presented in the DPR of Sharavathy Project at page 297 (Annexure 20 (a)). Tests were conducted on rock samples from Mastihalla and Nidgodu – Mandikoppa rock quarries for the following.

i. Compressive Strength – Saturated ii. Specific Gravity (Apparatus) iii. Water Absorption iv. Weathering and v. Young’s Modulus

The rock samples from Nidgodu - Mandikoppa quarry developed compressive strength ranging from 1622 to 1867 Kg/cm2 where rock samples from Mastihalla quarry developed compressive strength from 1905 to 2813 Kg/cm2 i.e. possessing high compressive strength. In the weathering test, the stone samples did not develop any cracks or disintegrate.

It is stated that the above tests conducted on rock samples are inadequate for assessing their suitability use in concrete. Therefore, the undermentioned laboratory tests on rock samples collected from open excavation or muck material from tunnels etc. have to be carried out as per IS: 2386 (Respective Sections) at the DPR stage.

Specific Gravity Water Absorption Aggregate Impact Value Aggregate Crushing Value Aggregate Abrasion Value (Los-Angeles) Soundness loss, 5 cycle in Na2So4 Solution Alkali – Aggregate reactivity (Accelerated Mortar bar test)



(8 x 250 MW)


Petrographic Examination

If we intend to use rock from Mastihalla or Nidgodu quarries, the above tests may also conducted on rock samples from these quarries at the DPR stage so as to assess their suitability for use as coarse aggregate in concrete.

11.3.2 Sand Samples

The laboratory tests on the sand samples collected from Idgunji have been conducted both at KERS and in the corporation laboratories. The results of tests are presented in the DPR of Sharavathy Project at page 298 vide Annexure 20 (b). In all, 20 sand samples, 5 samples from Jalavalli and 6 samples from Keri Kurve indicate that these samples fall under grading zone II which are suitable for use as fine aggregate in concrete. The grading of rest of 9 sand samples from Keri Kurve were not reported. The Finness Modulus, silt & clay content and SG of all 20 sand samples tested fall under acceptable limits. The organic impurities also fall under acceptable limits for all the tested sand samples except for 4 sand samples from Keri Kurve source which are not permissible. However, if it is intended to use sand from there sources or crushed sand is required to be used as fine aggregate, it is suggested to conduct the following laboratory tests on sand at the DPR stage for assessing their suitability as fine aggregate for use in concrete.

Gradation and Finness Modulus Specific Gravity Silt and Clay content Organic Impurities Soundness loss, 5 cycles in Na2So4 solution Alkali – Aggregate reactivity (Accelerated Mortar bar test) Petrographic Examination

11.3.3 Water Samples

Samples of water from the Sharavathy River were collected and tested for their suitability for use in construction purposes. Water has been tested for both silt and salt content. Based on these results, it is found that water is suitable for construction purposes and is not likely to cause any corrosion of the turbine runners etc. The results of these tests are presented in DPR of Sharavathy Project under Annexure 20 (d) at page 312. However, at the DPR stage, the undermentioned tests may be conducted on water samples for assessing their suitability for construction purposes during Pre-monsoon period, Mansoon period and Post-monsoon period.



(8 x 250 MW)


In-situ water quality tests pH Conductivity Temperature pH – calcium carbonate saturated Ammonium ions Deletenions Sulphide

Laboratory water quality tests Calcium Magnisium Sodium cat-ions Potasium Hydroxide Carbonate Bi-carbonate An-ions Chloride Sulphate Acidity as CaCo3 Alkalinity as CaCo3 Dissolved Salts – Inorganic, organic and total soluble salts Suspended Solids

11.4 Conclusions

11.4.1 Rock as coarse aggregates

Sufficient quantity of rock shall be available from open excavation as well as muck excavation from tunnels etc. Also rock is available from Mastihalla and Nidgodu quarries.

These rocks may, however be tested as mentioned under para 3.1 for assessing their suitability for use as coarse aggregate in concrete at the DPR stage.

11.4.2 Sand as fine aggregates

Sand from Idgunji or crushed stone (if required) may be used as fine aggregate for use in concrete. However, before using these sands, the requisite tests be conducted as mentioned under para 3.2 for assessing their suitability for use as fine aggregate in concrete at the DPR stage



(8 x 250 MW)


11.4.3 Water Samples

Samples of water from Sharavathy River or any other suitable source may be tested for their suitability for use in construction purposes at the DPR stage during Pre-monsoon, Monsoon and Post-monsoon periods. All the tests mentioned under para 3.3 may be tested.

CHAPTER 12

ECONOMIC EVALUATION

Chapter – 12: Economic Evaluation 1



CHAPTER-12

ECONOMIC EVALUATION 12.1 General The economic and financial evaluation of the Sharavathy Pumped Storage Project, Karnataka has been considered as per the standard guidelines issued by Central Electricity Authority and the norms laid down by the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for Hydro projects have been kept in view in this regard. 12.2 Project Benefits

The scheme would afford on annual peaking period energy generation of 4380 GWh annually. For assessing the tariff, design energy generation of 4109.14 GWh, calculated with 95% capacity availability in a normal dependable year, has been adopted. The project would provide 2000 MW of 6 hours daily peaking capacity benefits.

12.3 Capital Cost The project cost has been estimated at Rs. 5017.44 Crores without IDC as given below: 1. Cost of civil works = Rs. 2739.80 Crores 2. Cost of Electrical/Mechanical works = Rs. 2277.64 Crores Total = Rs. 5017.44 Crores 12.4 Mode of Financing The project is proposed to be financed with a debt equity ratio of 70:30. An interest rate of 12.5% on the loan component has been considered for the financial analysis of the project. The interest on the working capital is taken as 12.5%. 12.5 Phasing of Expenditure The project is scheduled to be completed in 5 years from the financial closure in all respects. The phasing of the expenditure worked out on the basis of proposed




construction programme is summarized in Table 12.1.

Table – 12.1

Phasing of Expenditure

Year Capital Expenditure

(Rs. Crores)

Up-to 1st Half Year 159.77

2nd Half Year 182.54

3rd Half Year 182.54

4th Half Year 330.92







Total 5017.44

12.6 Financial Analysis 12.6.1 Basic and Normative Parameters The following normative parameters have been adopted for working out the financial analysis of the project.

i. Estimated capital cost of Rs. 5391.51 Crores including the Interest During Construction as Rs. 374.07 Crores

ii. Annual gross energy generation of 4380 GWh and annual design energy as 4109.14 MU

iii. Operation & maintenance expenses (including insurance) @ 2.5% of the project cost in the first year with 6.64% escalation every year.

iv. Depreciation allowed @ 5.28 % of the project cost excluding land cost for first 12 years and remaining depreciation is spread over the balance life




i.e. 23 years on an average basis keeping 10% salvage value of the assets.

v. Auxiliary consumption i.e. quantum of energy consumed by auxiliary equipments of the generating station and transformer loss @ 1.25 % of the energy generated.

vi. Interest on working capital @ 12.50%.

vii. Interest during construction has been worked out based upon the interest rates @ 12.50 %. The computations are given in Annexure-1 for present day capital cost.

viii. Return on equity @ 15.50%.

ix. Pump-Generation Cycle efficiency @ 80.9%

x. Pumping Energy Required 5412.95 MU

xi. Off-peak Energy Rate (Rs/kWh) @ Rs. 1, Rs. 2 & Rs. 3/-(for three separate cases)

xii. MAT @ 20.96 %

12.6.2 ASSESSMENT OF TARIFF Based upon the parameters given above, the cost of energy at bus bar for the First year and the levelized cost of energy at discount rate of 12% as per Annexures-2A, 2B & 2C are given below:

Sl. No. Off Peak Energy Rate (Rs/kWh)

First Tariff (Rs/kWh) Levelized Tariff (Rs/kWh)

1 1 4.38 3.98 2 2 5.73 5.33 3 3 7.07 6.67

ANNEXURE

Civil E&M Total Cost

Rs. 2739.8 2277.64 5017.44

30% 0.3

12.50% 0.125

6.06% 0.06066

Half

Yearly

period

Equity

Fund

Equity

used

Loan loan

Factor

IDC Closing

Outstanding

Loan

Civil E & M Total

1 136.99 22.78 159.77 1617.45 159.77 0.00 0.00

2 136.99 45.55 182.54 1457.68 182.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3 136.99 45.55 182.54 1275.14 182.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4 273.98 56.94 330.92 1092.60 330.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

5 273.98 56.94 330.92 761.68 330.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

6 342.48 227.76 570.24 430.76 430.76 139.48 0.24 1.03 140.52

7 342.48 341.65 684.12 0.00 0.00 684.12 1.00 29.27 853.91

8 410.97 455.53 866.50 0.00 0.00 866.50 1.00 78.08 1798.49

9 410.97 455.53 866.50 0.00 0.00 866.50 1.00 135.38 2800.37

10 273.98 569.41 843.39 0.00 0.00 843.39 1.00 130.30 3774.06

Total 2739.80 2277.64 5017.44 374.0661572

Hard Cost 5017.44 EQUITY 1617.45 0.30

IDC 374.07 LOAN 3774.06 0.70

TOTAL 5391.51 TOTAL 5391.51

Cost

Equity

Interest Rate

Expenditure

Annexure - 1

SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE H.E. PROJECT (8X250=2000 MW), KARNATAKA

S.No Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value

1 Installed Capacity MW 2000.00 10 ROE % 15.50 13 Interest rate on W.C % 12.50 19 Equity Rs Crs 1617.45

2 Normative availability % 95.00 11 Working capital 14 O&M Expenses % 2.50

3 Energy Generation MU 4380.00 i) Spares(% of O&M) % 15.00 15 O&M Escalation rate % 6.64 20 Loan Rs Crs 3774.06

4 Secondary Energy Mkwh 0.00 ii) O&M expenses Months 1.00 16 Depreciation % 5.28 21 interest % 12.50

5 Transformation losses % 0.50 iii) Receivables Months 2.00 17 Depreciation allowed Rs Crs 4852.35 22 Repay P Yrs 12.00

6 Auxiliary Consumption % 0.75 12 i) MAT 20.96% 18 Discount Rate % 12.00 23 Total cost Rs Crs 5391.51

7 Transmission losses % 0.00 II) Tax 32.45% 24 Cycle Efficiency % 80.9

8 Free Power to home state % 0.00 III) Tax holiday years 10.00 25 Off Peak Energy rate Rs/Kwh 1.00

9 Net Saleble energy MU 4109.14 Off Peak Energy MU 5412.95

TARIFF CALCULATIONS

O&M expensesSpares Recievables Total Sold Tarrif

Discount

Factor

(Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (%) (Gwh) (Rs/Kwh) (Rs/Kwh)

1 317.19 134.79 541.30 314.50 3774.06 314.50 452.10 11.23 20.22 300.22 331.67 41.46 1801.33 0.00 4109.14 4.38 1.00 4.38

2 317.19 143.74 541.30 314.50 3459.55 314.50 412.79 11.98 21.56 295.10 328.64 41.08 1770.59 0.00 4109.14 4.31 0.89 3.85

3 317.19 153.28 541.30 314.50 3145.05 314.50 373.47 12.77 22.99 290.08 325.84 40.73 1740.47 0.00 4109.14 4.24 0.80 3.38

4 317.19 163.46 541.30 314.50 2830.54 314.50 334.16 13.62 24.52 285.17 323.31 40.41 1711.02 0.00 4109.14 4.16 0.71 2.96

5 317.19 174.31 541.30 314.50 2516.04 314.50 294.85 14.53 26.15 280.38 321.05 40.13 1682.28 0.00 4109.14 4.09 0.64 2.60

6 317.19 185.89 541.30 314.50 2201.53 314.50 255.53 15.49 27.88 275.72 319.09 39.89 1654.30 0.00 4109.14 4.03 0.57 2.28

7 317.19 198.23 541.30 314.50 1887.03 314.50 216.22 16.52 29.73 271.19 317.44 39.68 1627.12 0.00 4109.14 3.96 0.51 2.01

8 317.19 211.39 541.30 314.50 1572.52 314.50 176.91 17.62 31.71 266.80 316.13 39.52 1600.80 0.00 4109.14 3.90 0.45 1.76

9 317.19 225.43 541.30 314.50 1258.02 314.50 137.60 18.79 33.81 262.57 315.17 39.40 1575.41 0.00 4109.14 3.83 0.40 1.55

10 317.19 240.40 541.30 314.50 943.51 314.50 98.28 20.03 36.06 258.50 314.59 39.32 1550.99 0.00 4109.14 3.77 0.36 1.36

11 371.11 256.36 541.30 314.50 629.01 314.50 58.97 21.36 38.45 263.78 323.60 40.45 1582.69 0.00 4109.14 3.85 0.32 1.24

12 371.11 273.38 541.30 314.50 314.50 314.50 19.66 22.78 41.01 260.07 323.86 40.48 1560.43 0.00 4109.14 3.80 0.29 1.09

13 371.11 291.54 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.29 43.73 214.35 282.38 35.30 1286.12 0.00 4109.14 3.13 0.26 0.80

14 371.11 310.89 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.91 46.63 217.74 290.29 36.29 1306.47 0.00 4109.14 3.18 0.23 0.73

15 371.11 331.54 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.63 49.73 221.36 298.72 37.34 1328.17 0.00 4109.14 3.23 0.20 0.66

16 371.11 353.55 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.46 53.03 225.22 307.71 38.46 1351.30 0.00 4109.14 3.29 0.18 0.60

17 371.11 377.03 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.42 56.55 229.33 317.30 39.66 1375.98 0.00 4109.14 3.35 0.16 0.55

18 371.11 402.06 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.51 60.31 233.72 327.53 40.94 1402.29 0.00 4109.14 3.41 0.15 0.50

19 371.11 428.76 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.73 64.31 238.39 338.44 42.30 1430.35 0.00 4109.14 3.48 0.13 0.45

20 371.11 457.23 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 38.10 68.58 243.38 350.07 43.76 1460.28 0.00 4109.14 3.55 0.12 0.41

21 371.11 487.59 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.63 73.14 248.70 362.47 45.31 1492.19 0.00 4109.14 3.63 0.10 0.38

22 371.11 519.96 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.33 77.99 254.37 375.69 46.96 1526.21 0.00 4109.14 3.71 0.09 0.34

23 371.11 554.49 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.21 83.17 260.42 389.80 48.72 1562.50 0.00 4109.14 3.80 0.08 0.31

24 371.11 591.31 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 49.28 88.70 266.87 404.84 50.60 1601.20 0.00 4109.14 3.90 0.07 0.29

25 371.11 630.57 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.55 94.59 273.74 420.88 52.61 1642.47 0.00 4109.14 4.00 0.07 0.26

26 371.11 672.44 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.04 100.87 281.08 437.98 54.75 1686.48 0.00 4109.14 4.10 0.06 0.24

27 371.11 717.09 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 59.76 107.56 288.90 456.22 57.03 1733.41 0.00 4109.14 4.22 0.05 0.22

28 371.11 764.70 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.73 114.71 297.24 475.67 59.46 1783.45 0.00 4109.14 4.34 0.05 0.20

29 371.11 815.48 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 67.96 122.32 306.14 496.42 62.05 1836.82 0.00 4109.14 4.47 0.04 0.19

30 371.11 869.63 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.47 130.44 315.62 518.54 64.82 1893.74 0.00 4109.14 4.61 0.04 0.17

31 371.11 927.37 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 77.28 139.11 325.74 542.12 67.77 1954.43 0.00 4109.14 4.76 0.03 0.16

32 371.11 988.95 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.41 148.34 336.52 567.28 70.91 2019.15 0.00 4109.14 4.91 0.03 0.15

33 371.11 1054.62 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.88 158.19 348.03 594.11 74.26 2088.17 0.00 4109.14 5.08 0.03 0.14

34 371.11 1124.64 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 93.72 168.70 360.29 622.71 77.84 2161.77 0.00 4109.14 5.26 0.02 0.12

35 371.11 1199.32 541.30 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.94 179.90 373.38 653.22 81.65 2240.26 0.00 4109.14 5.45 0.02 0.12

4852.35 3774.06 9.2 36.5

Levellised Tariff (Rs/Kwh) = 3.98

Annexure 2A

Sharavathy PSS ( 2000 MW)

Parameters

ROE O&M

Discounted

Tariff

Off- Peak

Energy

Cost

Outstandi

ng loanDepYear

Norm Loan

Repayment

Intt on

Loan

Working Capital

Intt on

W.C

Annual

Expenses Energy Free

S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value










TARIFF CALCULATIONS

Year ROE O&M

Off- Peak

Energy

Cost Dep

Outstandi

ng loan

Norm Loan

Repayment

O&M

expenses Spares Recievables Total

Discount

Factor

(Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (%) (Gwh) (Rs/Kwh) (Rs/Kwh)

1 317.19 134.79 1082.59 314.50 3774.06 314.50 452.10 11.23 20.22 392.36 423.81 52.98 2354.15 0.00 4109.14 5.73 1.00 5.73

2 317.19 143.74 1082.59 314.50 3459.55 314.50 412.79 11.98 21.56 387.23 420.77 52.60 2323.40 0.00 4109.14 5.65 0.89 5.05

3 317.19 153.28 1082.59 314.50 3145.05 314.50 373.47 12.77 22.99 382.21 417.98 52.25 2293.28 0.00 4109.14 5.58 0.80 4.45

4 317.19 163.46 1082.59 314.50 2830.54 314.50 334.16 13.62 24.52 377.31 415.45 51.93 2263.83 0.00 4109.14 5.51 0.71 3.92

5 317.19 174.31 1082.59 314.50 2516.04 314.50 294.85 14.53 26.15 372.51 413.19 51.65 2235.09 0.00 4109.14 5.44 0.64 3.46

6 317.19 185.89 1082.59 314.50 2201.53 314.50 255.53 15.49 27.88 367.85 411.22 51.40 2207.11 0.00 4109.14 5.37 0.57 3.05

7 317.19 198.23 1082.59 314.50 1887.03 314.50 216.22 16.52 29.73 363.32 409.58 51.20 2179.93 0.00 4109.14 5.31 0.51 2.69

8 317.19 211.39 1082.59 314.50 1572.52 314.50 176.91 17.62 31.71 358.94 408.26 51.03 2153.62 0.00 4109.14 5.24 0.45 2.37

9 317.19 225.43 1082.59 314.50 1258.02 314.50 137.60 18.79 33.81 354.70 407.30 50.91 2128.22 0.00 4109.14 5.18 0.40 2.09

10 317.19 240.40 1082.59 314.50 943.51 314.50 98.28 20.03 36.06 350.63 406.73 50.84 2103.80 0.00 4109.14 5.12 0.36 1.85

11 371.11 256.36 1082.59 314.50 629.01 314.50 58.97 21.36 38.45 355.92 415.73 51.97 2135.50 0.00 4109.14 5.20 0.32 1.67

12 371.11 273.38 1082.59 314.50 314.50 314.50 19.66 22.78 41.01 352.21 416.00 52.00 2113.25 0.00 4109.14 5.14 0.29 1.48

13 371.11 291.54 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.29 43.73 306.49 374.51 46.81 1838.93 0.00 4109.14 4.48 0.26 1.15

14 371.11 310.89 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.91 46.63 309.88 382.42 47.80 1859.28 0.00 4109.14 4.52 0.23 1.04

15 371.11 331.54 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.63 49.73 313.50 390.85 48.86 1880.98 0.00 4109.14 4.58 0.20 0.94

16 371.11 353.55 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.46 53.03 317.35 399.85 49.98 1904.12 0.00 4109.14 4.63 0.18 0.85

17 371.11 377.03 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.42 56.55 321.47 409.44 51.18 1928.79 0.00 4109.14 4.69 0.16 0.77

18 371.11 402.06 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.51 60.31 325.85 419.66 52.46 1955.10 0.00 4109.14 4.76 0.15 0.69

19 371.11 428.76 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.73 64.31 330.53 430.57 53.82 1983.16 0.00 4109.14 4.83 0.13 0.63

20 371.11 457.23 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 38.10 68.58 335.51 442.20 55.28 2013.09 0.00 4109.14 4.90 0.12 0.57

21 371.11 487.59 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.63 73.14 340.83 454.60 56.83 2045.00 0.00 4109.14 4.98 0.10 0.52

22 371.11 519.96 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.33 77.99 346.50 467.83 58.48 2079.03 0.00 4109.14 5.06 0.09 0.47

23 371.11 554.49 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.21 83.17 352.55 481.93 60.24 2115.31 0.00 4109.14 5.15 0.08 0.43

24 371.11 591.31 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 49.28 88.70 359.00 496.97 62.12 2154.01 0.00 4109.14 5.24 0.07 0.39

25 371.11 630.57 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.55 94.59 365.88 513.01 64.13 2195.28 0.00 4109.14 5.34 0.07 0.35

26 371.11 672.44 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.04 100.87 373.21 530.12 66.26 2239.29 0.00 4109.14 5.45 0.06 0.32

27 371.11 717.09 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 59.76 107.56 381.04 548.36 68.54 2286.22 0.00 4109.14 5.56 0.05 0.29

28 371.11 764.70 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.73 114.71 389.38 567.81 70.98 2336.26 0.00 4109.14 5.69 0.05 0.27

29 371.11 815.48 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 67.96 122.32 398.27 588.55 73.57 2389.63 0.00 4109.14 5.82 0.04 0.24

30 371.11 869.63 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.47 130.44 407.76 610.67 76.33 2446.55 0.00 4109.14 5.95 0.04 0.22

31 371.11 927.37 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 77.28 139.11 417.87 634.26 79.28 2507.24 0.00 4109.14 6.10 0.03 0.20

32 371.11 988.95 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.41 148.34 428.66 659.42 82.43 2571.96 0.00 4109.14 6.26 0.03 0.19

33 371.11 1054.62 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.88 158.19 440.16 686.24 85.78 2640.98 0.00 4109.14 6.43 0.03 0.17

34 371.11 1124.64 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 93.72 168.70 452.43 714.85 89.36 2714.58 0.00 4109.14 6.61 0.02 0.16

35 371.11 1199.32 1082.59 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.94 179.90 465.51 745.35 93.17 2793.07 0.00 4109.14 6.80 0.02 0.14

4852.35 3774.06 9.2 48.8


Annexure 2B

Intt on

Loan

Working Capital

Annual

Expenses

Intt on

W.C Energy Free Sold Tarrif

Discounte

d Tariff


S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value S.No Parameters Unit Value










TARIFF CALCULATIONS

Year ROE O&M Off- Peak Dep Outstanding Norm Loan Intt on Intt on Annual Energy Tarrif Discount

Discounte

d

Energy Cost loan Repayment Loan

O&M

expenses Spares Recievables Total W.C Expenses Free Sold (Rs/Kwh) Factor Tariff

(Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (Rs Crs) (%) (Gwh) (Rs/Kwh)

1 317.19 134.79 1623.89 314.50 3774.06 314.50 452.10 11.23 20.22 484.49 515.94 64.49 2906.96 0.00 4109.14 7.07 1.00 7.07

2 317.19 143.74 1623.89 314.50 3459.55 314.50 412.79 11.98 21.56 479.37 512.91 64.11 2876.21 0.00 4109.14 7.00 0.89 6.25

3 317.19 153.28 1623.89 314.50 3145.05 314.50 373.47 12.77 22.99 474.35 510.11 63.76 2846.10 0.00 4109.14 6.93 0.80 5.52

4 317.19 163.46 1623.89 314.50 2830.54 314.50 334.16 13.62 24.52 469.44 507.58 63.45 2816.64 0.00 4109.14 6.85 0.71 4.88

5 317.19 174.31 1623.89 314.50 2516.04 314.50 294.85 14.53 26.15 464.65 505.32 63.17 2787.90 0.00 4109.14 6.78 0.64 4.31

6 317.19 185.89 1623.89 314.50 2201.53 314.50 255.53 15.49 27.88 459.99 503.36 62.92 2759.92 0.00 4109.14 6.72 0.57 3.81

7 317.19 198.23 1623.89 314.50 1887.03 314.50 216.22 16.52 29.73 455.46 501.71 62.71 2732.74 0.00 4109.14 6.65 0.51 3.37

8 317.19 211.39 1623.89 314.50 1572.52 314.50 176.91 17.62 31.71 451.07 500.40 62.55 2706.43 0.00 4109.14 6.59 0.45 2.98

9 317.19 225.43 1623.89 314.50 1258.02 314.50 137.60 18.79 33.81 446.84 499.44 62.43 2681.03 0.00 4109.14 6.52 0.40 2.64

10 317.19 240.40 1623.89 314.50 943.51 314.50 98.28 20.03 36.06 442.77 498.86 62.36 2656.62 0.00 4109.14 6.47 0.36 2.33

11 371.11 256.36 1623.89 314.50 629.01 314.50 58.97 21.36 38.45 448.05 507.87 63.48 2688.32 0.00 4109.14 6.54 0.32 2.11

12 371.11 273.38 1623.89 314.50 314.50 314.50 19.66 22.78 41.01 444.34 508.13 63.52 2666.06 0.00 4109.14 6.49 0.29 1.87

13 371.11 291.54 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.29 43.73 398.62 466.65 58.33 2391.75 0.00 4109.14 5.82 0.26 1.49

14 371.11 310.89 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.91 46.63 402.02 474.56 59.32 2412.09 0.00 4109.14 5.87 0.23 1.35

15 371.11 331.54 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.63 49.73 405.63 482.99 60.37 2433.79 0.00 4109.14 5.92 0.20 1.21

16 371.11 353.55 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.46 53.03 409.49 491.98 61.50 2456.93 0.00 4109.14 5.98 0.18 1.09

17 371.11 377.03 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.42 56.55 413.60 501.57 62.70 2481.60 0.00 4109.14 6.04 0.16 0.99

18 371.11 402.06 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.51 60.31 417.99 511.80 63.98 2507.92 0.00 4109.14 6.10 0.15 0.89

19 371.11 428.76 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.73 64.31 422.66 522.71 65.34 2535.98 0.00 4109.14 6.17 0.13 0.80

20 371.11 457.23 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 38.10 68.58 427.65 534.34 66.79 2565.90 0.00 4109.14 6.24 0.12 0.73

21 371.11 487.59 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.63 73.14 432.97 546.74 68.34 2597.81 0.00 4109.14 6.32 0.10 0.66

22 371.11 519.96 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 43.33 77.99 438.64 559.96 70.00 2631.84 0.00 4109.14 6.40 0.09 0.59

23 371.11 554.49 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.21 83.17 444.69 574.07 71.76 2668.13 0.00 4109.14 6.49 0.08 0.54

24 371.11 591.31 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 49.28 88.70 451.14 589.11 73.64 2706.82 0.00 4109.14 6.59 0.07 0.49

25 371.11 630.57 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.55 94.59 458.02 605.15 75.64 2748.09 0.00 4109.14 6.69 0.07 0.44

26 371.11 672.44 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.04 100.87 465.35 622.25 77.78 2792.10 0.00 4109.14 6.79 0.06 0.40

27 371.11 717.09 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 59.76 107.56 473.17 640.49 80.06 2839.03 0.00 4109.14 6.91 0.05 0.36

28 371.11 764.70 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.73 114.71 481.51 659.94 82.49 2889.08 0.00 4109.14 7.03 0.05 0.33

29 371.11 815.48 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 67.96 122.32 490.41 680.69 85.09 2942.45 0.00 4109.14 7.16 0.04 0.30

30 371.11 869.63 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.47 130.44 499.89 702.81 87.85 2999.36 0.00 4109.14 7.30 0.04 0.27

31 371.11 927.37 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 77.28 139.11 510.01 726.40 90.80 3060.05 0.00 4109.14 7.45 0.03 0.25

32 371.11 988.95 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.41 148.34 520.80 751.55 93.94 3124.77 0.00 4109.14 7.60 0.03 0.23

33 371.11 1054.62 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.88 158.19 532.30 778.38 97.30 3193.79 0.00 4109.14 7.77 0.03 0.21

34 371.11 1124.64 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 93.72 168.70 544.57 806.98 100.87 3267.39 0.00 4109.14 7.95 0.02 0.19

35 371.11 1199.32 1623.89 46.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.94 179.90 557.65 837.49 104.69 3345.88 0.00 4109.14 8.14 0.02 0.17

4852.35 3774.06 9.2 61.1


Annexure 2C


Working Capital

PFR DRAWINGS

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



INDEX PLAN

MAHARASHTRA

KARNATAKADISTRICT

TELANGANA

GOA

ANDHRAPRADESH

KERALA

TAMIL NADU

BIDAR

GULBARGA

BUAPUR

YADGIR

RAICHUR

KOPPAL

BELGAUM

GADAG

BAGALKOT

DAVANGERE

HAVERI

UTTARAKANNADA

SHIMOGA

CHITRADURGA

UDUPI

DAKSHINAKANNADA

HASSAN

TUMKURCHIKKABALLAPURA

KOLAR

BANGALORE RURAL

BENGALURU

RAMANAGARAMANDYA

KODAGUMYSORE

CHAMARAJNAGAR

Mangaluru

LEGENDSTATE BOUNDARY

DISTRICT BOUNDARY

STATE CAPITAL

DISTRICT HQ.

CHIKMAGALUR

NOT TO SCALE

BELLARY

DHARWADI N D I A N 0 C E A N

I N D I A

Gangtok

DELHI

Port Blair

Itanagar

DIspur

ShillongKohima

Imphal

AizawlAgartala

Kolkata

Patna

Ranchi

Lucknow

Bhopal

Raipur

New Delhi

Dehradun

Shimla

Jammu

Srinagar

Chandigarh

Gandhinagar

Silvassa

Mumbai

Panaji

Bengaluru(Bangalore) Chennai

(Pondicherry)

Thiruvananthapuram

Kavaratti

Hyderabad

Bhubaneshwar

International Boundary

State Boundary

Country Capital

State Capital

Jaipur

SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE

(PROJECT SITE)

(8 X 250MW )

PROJECT SITE

SURGE CHAMBER

POWER HOUSE

E.L- 490m

ADIT CUM MAT FORPOWER HOUSE COMPLEX


(CONCRETE LINED)

TAIL RACE TUNNEL

E.L- 20mADIT FOR TRT



HINNI

POWER CHANNEL

TUNNEL

KARGAL ANICUT

LINGANAMAKKI RESERVOIR

TALAKALALE RESERVOIR

SHARAVATI RIVER

SIRUR BALANCING RESERVOIR

M.G H.E STATION

14'15''

SHARAVATI WILD LIFE SANCTUARY BOUNDARY

WAPCOS LIMITED

SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT (8 X 250 MW)

CONSULTANTS



INTEGRATED SHARAVATHYBASIN DEVELOPMENT PLAN


SHARAVATHY PUMPED STORAGE PROJECT ( 8 x 250 MW )

N.H.206

N.H.206

NEW ROAD FORSHARAVATHY PSP

NEW ROAD FORSHARAVATHY PSP

EXISTING ROAD

0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0km

E.L- 490m

E.L- 60m

100

200

700

700

600

540

600

535

500

100200

300400

500500

500

540

520

540

SURGE CHAMBER

POWER HOUSE


E.L- 60m

ADIT CUM MAT FORPOWER HOUSECOMPLEX


(CONCRETE LINED)

700

E.L- 20m

ADIT FOR TRT



HINNI

TALAKALALE RESERVOIRFRL - 522.12MDDL - 520.59

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



GENERAL LAYOUT

E.L- 490m

63

EL.489.37m

EL.550.00m

100 70

POWER HOUSETRANFORMER HALL

282.17m(L) X 20m(W) X 29m(H)

SURGE CHAMBER60m(L) X 15m(W) X 81.2m(H)

GATE SHAFT

2726 50

EL.37.50m

EL.-15.50m

EL.80.00m

EL.-1.20m

EL.12mEL.41m

NSL

A

A'

C

C'

NSL

BUTTERFLY VALVECHAMBER

B

B'

323.8m(L) X 22m(W) X 53m(H)

MA

TC

H L

INE

78

NSL

MA

TC

H L

INE

D

D'

GATE SHAFT

NSL

.93 3.57 3.57

4.50

0.45

R4.50

9.90

0.45

0.45

ROCKBOLT (L=4.0,1.5X1.5, STAGGERED)

4.00

SHOTCRETE (T=5CM)

.93 0.45

4.50

0.45

2.62

50.

45

6.15

2.252.25

.375

0.45

6.15

R2.625

ROCKBOLT(L=3.0,1.5X1.5, STAGGERED)

3.00

2.62

5

.375

SHOTCRETE (T=5CM)

STEEL LINER

0.45

3.00

0.45

2.62

50.

45

6.15

1.82.825

6.15

R1.82

.43


1.82

2.62

5

.43.825

SHOTCRETE(T=5CM)

STEEL LINER

5.45

0.451.151.102.752.751.10 1.150.45

10.9

0

10.90

4.00

R5.00

ROCKBOLT (L=4.0,1.5X1.5,STAGGERED)

SHOTCRETE(T=5CM)

5.45

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



L-SECTION OF PROJECT THROUGH PROFILE (Sheet 1of 2)

SECTION C-C'

SECTION A-A'SECTION B-B'

SECTION D-D'

63

EL.489.37m

EL.550.00m

100 70

POWER HOUSE323.8m(L)X22m(W)X53m(H)

TRANFORMER HALL

SURGE CHAMBER60m(L)X15m(W)X81.2m(H)

GATE SHAFT

2726 50

EL.37.50m

EL.-15.50m

EL.80.00m

EL.-1.20m

EL.12mEL.41m

NSL

MA

TC

H L

INE

A

A'

B

B'

C

C'

NSL

BUTTERFLY VALVECHAMBER

282.17m(L) X 20m(W) X 29m(H)

78

NSL

MA

TC

H L

INE

D

D'

GATE SHAFT

NSL

.93 3.57 3.57

4.50

0.45

R4.50

9.90

0.45

0.45


4.00

SHOTCRETE (T=5CM)

.93 0.45

4.50

0.45

2.62

50.

45

6.15

2.252.25

.375

0.45

6.15

R2.625

ROCKBOLT(L=3.0,1.5X1.5, STAGGERED)

3.00

2.62

5

.375

SHOTCRETE (T=5CM)

STEEL LINER

0.45

3.00

0.45

2.62

50.

45

6.15

1.82.825

6.15

R1.82

.43


1.82

2.62

5

.43.825

SHOTCRETE(T=5CM)

STEEL LINER5.45

0.451.151.102.752.751.10 1.150.45

10.9

0

10.90

4.00

R5.00

ROCKBOLT (L=4.0,1.5X1.5,STAGGERED)

SHOTCRETE(T=5CM)

5.45

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



L-SECTION OF PROJECT THROUGH PROFILE (Sheet 2 of 2)

SECTION C-C'

SECTION A-A'

SECTION B-B'

SECTION D-D'

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



PLAN OF INTAKE STRUCTURE

SECTION E-E

SECTION D-D

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



SECTION & ELEVATION OF INTAKE STRUCTURE

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



PLAN OF TRT OUTLET STRUCTURE

SECTION E-E

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



SECTION & ELEVATION OF TRT OUTLET STRUCTURE

SECTION D-D

WAPCOS LIMITED

UP

C-LINE

D-LINE

B-LINE

DN

DN DN

WAPCOS LIMITED

UP

C-LINE

D-LINE

B-LINE

WAPCOS LIMITED

UP

C-LINE

D-LINE

B-LINE

SFC CUBICLE

INVERTER AND CONVERTER

SFC TRANSFORMER & REACTOR

WAPCOS LIMITED

A1-LINE

A-LINE

DN

SERVICE BAY

B-LINE

D-LINE

C-LINE

CONTROL BLOCK

MACHINE HALL

FRESH AIR TUNNELFROM MAT

SFC CUBICLE

INVERTER AND CONVERTER

WAPCOS LIMITED

WAPCOS LIMITED

TO BUSTO BUSTO BUSTO BUS

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM DEVICE FUNCTION RELAY

12 : OVER SPEED RELAY

13 : SYNCHRONOUS SPEED RELAY14 : LOW SPEED RELAY FOR STOPPING

27 : UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

40 : LOSS OF EXCITATION RELAY

14L : LOW SPEED RELAY FOR STARTING

46 : NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVER CURRENT RELAY

51 : OVER CURRENT RELAY51E : OVER CURRENT RELAY FOR EXCITER TRANSFORMER

51M : OVER CURRENT RELAY FOR SYNCHRONOUS STARTING

1. RATING OF STARTING TRANSFORMERS (S.TR.-1&2) HAS BEEN TENTATIVELY TAKEN AS 30MVA,BASED ON RATING OF SUCH TRANSFORMER FOR SIMILAR RATED PUMPED TURBINES.THIS SHALL BE FINALISED AT DPR STAGE WHEN OTHER INPUTS/PARAMETERS OF GENERATORMOTOR INCLUDING FLYWHEEL EFFECT,TARGETTED ACCELERATION TIME ETC. GETS FINALISED.

REF. DRG.---

1. DRG. NO. SHARAVATHY/WAP/EM-17 (SHEET NO.2/2)FOR UNITS 5 TO 8

NOTE:---

UNIT-4 UNIT-3 UNIT-2 UNIT-1

(SHEET 1/2)

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM FOR MAIN CIRCUIT (UNIT 1 TO 4)

12 : OVER SPEED RELAY

13 : SYNCHRONOUS SPEED RELAY14 : LOW SPEED RELAY FOR STOPPING

27 : UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

40 : LOSS OF EXCITATION RELAY

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM DEVICE FUNCTION RELAY

14L : LOW SPEED RELAY FOR STARTING

46 : NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVER CURRENT RELAY

51 : OVER CURRENT RELAY51E : OVER CURRENT RELAY FOR EXCITER TRANSFORMER

51M : OVER CURRENT RELAY FOR SYNCHRONOUS STARTING

1. RATING OF STARTING TRANSFORMERS (S.TR.-3 &4) HAS BEEN TENTATIVELY TAKEN AS 30MVA,BASED ON RATING OF SUCH TRANSFORMER FOR SIMILAR RATED PUMPED TURBINES.THIS SHALL BE FINALISED AT DPR STAGE WHEN OTHER INPUTS/PARAMETERS OF GENERATORMOTOR INCLUDING FLYWHEEL EFFECT,TARGETTED ACCELERATION TIME ETC. GETS FINALISED.

NOTE:---

556688

TO BUSTO BUSTO BUSTO BUS

77

(SHEET 2/2)

UNIT-8 UNIT-7 UNIT-6 UNIT-5

REF. DRG.---

1. DRG. NO. SHARAVATHY/WAP/EM-16 (SHEET NO.1/2)FOR UNITS 1 TO 4

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM FOR MAIN CIRCUIT (UNIT 5 TO 8)

WAPCOS LIMITED


CONSULTANTS



SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM FOR 400kV SWITCHYARD

April 2017

76-C, Institutional Area, Sector – 18,Gurgaon – 120015, Haryana (INDIA)

Telephone: 0124-2340670, Fax: [email protected], [email protected]

Website: http://www.wapcos.gov.in

Consultant:

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

karnataka power corporation limited (...

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