kathrein‘s remote electrical tilt system (ret)

Kathreins Remote Electrical Tilt System (RET)Solutions for different phases

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Kathrein/Guggenhuber 04/2008

Summary

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) Basic RET Concept & Phases Antenna System Manager (ASM) AISG/3GPP Overview & Interoperability

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Summary

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) BasicRET Concept & Phases Antenna System Manager (ASM) AISG/3GPP Overview & Interoperability

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UMTS / WCDMABig difference of mobile networks of 3rd generation (WCDMA) :

Network

WCDMA is a dynamic network with variable cell sizes !

Comparison Access

GSM TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) Separation of the subscribers by time slots Frequency plan certain frequencies per cell Hand over registration only in one cell (hard hand over) Cell size fixed

UMTS WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) Separation of the subscribers by codes the same full bandwidth in each cell registration in two or more cells (soft hand over) variable4

Different networkplanning compared to GSMKathrein/Guggenhuber 04/2008

UMTS / WCDMA

Downtilt in GSM Systems

Downtilting of the vertical pattern reduces the radiated power towards the horizon and concentrates it into the cell to be covered.mechanical downtilt easy handling, adjustable, but downtilt angle not constant across the azimuth electrical downtilt constant downtilt angle over azimuth but not adjustable adjustable electrical downtilt combines the electrical benefits with the mechanical flexibility

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UMTS / WCDMA

Network

Power control and cell breathing Complex relation between capacity, coverage and interference; a growing load in the cell (quantity of subscibers, transferred data rate) is increasing the noise and the required power; communication quality is effected base station reduces the cell size

Quelle: HU Berlin

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UMTS / WCDMA

Network

The network planners aim at a continuous coverage but with a minimum overlapping between the cells to avoid additional interferences The cell breathing changes the situation permanently from big overlapping to reduced coverage --> the cells have to be adjusted carefully by means of the vertical downtilt considering the average required capacity

Big overlapping

Reduced coverageKathrein/Guggenhuber 04/2008

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UMTS / WCDMA

Network

Remote electrical tilt enables a continuing optimisation to achieve the best balance between interference and coverage also with respect to : Soft handover Due to the low uplink power levels the subscriber signals may be received by two or three cells and added up by the system improvement of the uplink path but eating up of capacity; 30-40% of the subscribers may be in this situationSoft handoverBTS

BTS

8BTS


UMTS / WCDMA

Network

already now the RET system can adapt the network to the current status on the basis of pre-measured and pre-optimised scenarios; the downtilts are adjusted according to the following situations: rush hour coverage (specific high traffic spots) working time (main traffic in offices) evening coverage (main traffic at home or in restaurants/bars) special coverage for irregular events (sport, games, music festivals, fairs).

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UMTS / WCDMA

RET Benefits

Conclusion : For the network optimisation due to changing cell sizes with WCDMA an adaption of the coverage by adjustment of the downtilt angle is required Local control directly at the base station does not provide the required quick and permanent access Central control for a complete network section, e.g. via the common OMC (Operational Maintenance Center) is needed

Benefits : Up to 20% of WCDMA equipment can be saved Lower bit failure rate Smaller amount of drop calls Cell corrections due to network extensions can be carried out without sending installation teams to the base stations.

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Summary

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) Basic

RET Concept & PhasesAntenna System Manager (ASM) AISG/3GPP Overview & Interoperability

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UMTS / WCDMA

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET)Concept : Each manually adjustable Kathrein antenna with appropiate mechanical interface can be upgraded to provide remote electrical tilt by means of a separate unit (RCU)

upgrading can be carried out also with already mounted antennasAntenna with mechanical RET interface Remote control unit (RCU) attached

decision for appliance can be postponed according to experience further reduced number of versions12


UMTS / WCDMA

Mechanical Interface

Mechanical interface

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UMTS / WCDMARCU features: Easy attachment via a robust 42 mm thread

Remote Control Unit

Excellent lightning and EMC protection: - screened control cable - grounded aluminum housing - each wire control cable wire individually lightning protected Integrated electronic for safe operation : - easy calibration - last position EPROM stored - no position loss with power loss Powerfull motor with low power consumption : - high torque for low temp. Application (-40 C) Just one RCU version for all antenna types14


Remote electrical tilt

Phase overview

Phase 1 : Temporary local control

Phase 2 : Permanent control from an operation center e.g. the OMC (operation maintenance center)

Phase 3 : Fast and comfortable OMC control via ASM and SNMP (antenna system manager / simple network management protocol)

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Phase 1

Phase 1 : Temporary local control

BTS Control unit

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Phase 1

Access to change the downtilt angle on site from ground level Applications : - downtilt angle adaptation to network changes for GSM or CDMA sites - access to hardly reachable antenna locations such as on high tension line masts or chimneys (lower costs regarding number of riggers and safety equipment) - 3G sites with low traffic but without the requirement yet for OMC controlled RET

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Remote electrical tiltAntenna line configurationAntenna

Phase 1

Antennas equipped with RCUs RCUs connected via additional cable and splitter or daisy chain Alternatively the additional cable can be replaced by a connection via 2 smart bias Tees Performance of the PCA (via laptop): - antenna data transfer BTS - calibration - downtilt adjustmentPCA

RCU

Splitter Smart BIAS-T

Smart-BIAS-T

Additional control cable Feeder lines

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PCA

- AISG conform !19


PCA

Interfaces and Signalling

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Phase 2

Phase 2 : Permanent control from an operation center e.g. the OMC (operation maintenance center)

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Remote electrical tiltCentral remote controlling

Phase 2

Connection between the Operational Maintenance Center (OMC) and the RCU via a Central Control Unit (CCU) Two link circles : OMC - CCU / CCU - RCUAntenna

Link OMC - CCU

CCU

Link CCU - RCU

RCU

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Remote electrical tiltCentral control unit

Phase 2

Alarm interface

Ethernet port

DC -48 V 3 AISG ports for 9 RCUs and 3 TMAs AC 100 - 240 V

RS 232 port

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Phase 2

Alarm interface RS 232 port

Ethernet port 3 AISG ports for 9 RCUs and 3 TMAs

DC -48 V AC 100 - 240 V

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Outdoor wall or mast mounted CCU

Phase 2

Available 1. quarter 200825


Remote electrical tiltLink CCU - RCU Instead of the PCA a central control unit (CCU) is installed No need for a modification of the RCU connection of Phase 1 because of AISG compatibility CCU offers the control of a TMA with integrated Smart Bias Tee functionBTS TMA Smart BIAS-T Antenna

Phase 2

RCU

Smart-BIAS-T

Additional control cable Feeder lines

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Local Control via Internet BrowserUsing the Browser FunctionalityStandard Internet Browser connected with the Embedded Web Server in CCU Commissioning and Configuration of complete RET System Management of a single RET-System Very easy to use

Phase 2

CCU RS232 Ethernet27



Phase 2

The CCU acts as a web server with its own IP address HTML solution The appearing website contains all required control elements for normal service and installation no separate software is required, just a standard browser all AISG devices can be controlled: RCU, TMA (TMB)

CCU website28


Remote electrical tiltHTML solution via browser for DT angle information the refering CCU has to be contacted

Phase 2

access only one after the other (long procedure especially via modem) with HTML the whole page has to be transferred even if only one value changes no reference to site names suitable only for a low number of CCUsOMC

HTML

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RET NetworkKathrein/Guggenhuber 04/2008


Phase 3

Phase 3 : Fast and comfortable OMC control via ASM and SNMP (antenna system manager / simple network management protocol)

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Summary

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) Basic RET Concept & Phases

Antenna System Manager (ASM)AISG/3GPP Overview & Interoperability

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Remote Control via ASMUsing of ASM - Antenna System ManagerConvenient way to manage a big CCU network Fast fault detection and/or configuration change Automated actions via CCI (set, verify, upgrade ...)

OMC ASM Server ASM Clients

NodeBBTS BTS min. length 2m LPZ 1

RNC'sOMCCCI ATM ATM Backbone Backbone

ATM ATM Backbone BackboneBTS BTS min. length 2m

RNC

XML for automated Actions Central Alarm Manager

BTS BTS min. length 2m

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Phase 3

TMA

System SW

RET

ASM

Embedded SWAISG/3GPP: Layer1 + 2 + 7 BTS

min. length 2m

BTS

CCU

SNMP: IP +UDP and Kathrein MIB33


14. Client Server Architecture of ASM 2.x (1)ASM CSA for usage in the OMC networkwith simultaneously access for up to 10 clients plus 1 administrator

Server

DB

Client

OMC NetworkClient Client

Launch in contex t/ Remote Trigger

Client

CCIAutomated Actions XML based

Central Alarm Manager

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14. Client Server Architecture of ASM 2.x (3)ASM Server+Dongle

SNMP, FTP

... ... 10.000 ASM Clients (10+1)36


Remote Alarm Management (1)Alarm notificationVia Node-B (OEM proprietary) Programmable alarm pins of CCU Via ASM (collecting AISG alarms, events and changes) Periodic Polling Engine (PPE) SNMP Notification Listeners (Trap, Inform) SNMP Notification Forwarding (Trap)RCU

OMCA SMBTS

Splitter Earthling LPD

CCU

BTS

NodeB Launch i.C., Remote Tr. Central Alarm Manager CCI

RNC

ATM Backbone

XML for Automated Actions 37Alarm connector: 8 OC pins


Remote Alarm Management (2)Alarm Event Management via S N M P NotificationTrap InformNotification messages: Alarm, System Event, Configuration change (Status, Parameter)

A SML Re aun m ch ot i n e Tr co ig nt ge ex r t/

SNMP Listener: Alarm notification (reserved) Configuration change (reserved)

Alarm

Alarm Forwarding (Trap)

Alarm Forwarding (Trap)

Launch in context / Remote TriggerBTS BTS min. length 2m LPZ 1

SNMP Notification Listener:Regional Alarm Manager OMC Alarm Manager - ASM (reserved) -> Alarm notification, -> Configuration change SNMP Listener: Alarm notification System event - Additional listener (configurable) -> 2 alarm notification listener -> 1 system notification listener 38



Extended options by means of CCI (customized control interface)

Key words : - remote control of the ASM - automatic execution of predefined actions - configuration of a whole network or parts of it in a single-pass procedure - adoption of OMC commands via XML

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Remote electrical tiltMany operators use an optimiser tool for their network planning According to measurements and calculations certain scenarios are stored With these scenarios (individual downtilt angles) the network is adapted to the current situation : - rush hour - working time - evening coverage - special events - emergenciesOptimiser Planing tool Cellular NetworkXML file

OMC

ASM CCISNMP

RET Network40


Remote electrical tiltDescription of the CCI performance a XML file of the planned actions is provided either by manual inputs or by stored information (Possible Export and Import of whole Database) the CCI software is analysing the file and generates a list of commands, considering also aditional actions like calibration the CCI performs the actions in a semi parallel way; the number of parallel actions can be set by the user (depending on network capacity) while the CCI is proceeding, the user can monitor the ongoing process via the CCI dialog to the ASMASM

a detailed report is created (XML and pdf format)

CCI XML for Automated Actions 41


Remote electrical tilt ASM Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Phase 3

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16. ASM 3.x GUI Devices (2)

The ASM ...... to setting up and control of all device parameters (CCU, RCU, TMA)

RCU

TMA

CCU

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16. ASM 3.x GUI Organisation via Views (2)

RET Systems are grouped in freely customizable Views Unlimited number of Views Assignment of Views to ASM users that are permitted to configure the RET systems contained in a View Simple usage via 'Drag'n Drop' Customizable device appearance (e.g 'Site-ID and IP') Dynamic loading/closing of Views in project-like manner47


16. ASM 3.x GUI User Management (3)Built-in, intuitive user management Secure Password Protection (encrypted) Secure password generation (optional) Unlimited number of definable user accounts Session based and dynamic Log-in/Log-out 4 pre-defined Roles available for rights management 1) ADMIN 2) MANAGER 3) DEFAULT 4 BROWSER48


Roadmap(*)

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3. Q. 2008

(*)

Subject to alteration


Support

ASM One Year Support (86010116)1-2 day Training Technical Support via Fault Ticket (web interface) and phone Software updates and new versions are free of charge Extension of the standard warranty period for one year50


Summary

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) Basic RET Concept & Phases Antenna System Manager (ASM)

AISG/3GPP Overview & Interoperability

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPP

AISG is an industry standards group working on control interfaces for antenna line equipment.

3GPP is a world-wide co-operation for standardisation of mobile communication. Generation of technical specifications, which describe all aspects of mobile communication in detail.

In former times the RET-System was just standardised by AISG.

Parts of the AISG standard were adopted by 3GPP.

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPPWhat is AISG?The roll-out of 3G systems has accelerated the use of antenna line products with digital remote control and monitoring facilities. The Antenna Interface Standards Group has created open specifications for the control interface for these devices. Future developments of the specification are expected to extend the range of devices and the available command syntax. AISG v2 is consistent with the 3GPP standards for RET antennas (TS 25 460 - TS 25 463) but extends these documents to include additional implementation standards and a control interface for TMAs. Extension Standards extend the AISG standard to include a wider range of equipment.Current version of the standard: AISG v2.0 (13 June 2006)

Extension Standards: Remote azimuth steering AISG ES-RAS v2.1.0 (11 Dec 2007) Remote azimuth beamwidth AISG ES-RAB v2.1.0 (11 Dec 2007) Previous version of the standard: AISG1 v1.1 (30 July 2004) 53


Introduction to AISG / 3GPP

Motivation:Avoiding proprietary ALD control interfaces Increase of ALD market acceptance (RET, TMA, RAB, RAS ) Reducing system integration effort (due to interoperability of different vendor equipment) Advantages for all engaged parties Network-Operators, BTS- suppliers Antenna Manufacturers

In former times the RET-System was just standardised by AISG.

Parts of the AISG standard were adopted by 3GPP.

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPP Overview of Antenna Interface Standardization

Software and Hardware SystemMotor Control, Alarm Handling, Procedure Handling HDLC, XID Parameter

AISG & 3GPPLayer 7 Layer 2

APIHW Driver, Interrupt Control, Tx/Rx Buffer Microcontroller PlatformTimer UART OOK Modem PWM FLASH EEPROM RAM Power Supply Layer 1

RS485 Bus

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPP2003Technology Platform (Standard)

2004

2005

III / 2006 IV / 2006 IV / 2007

AISG 1.0 Specification Release

Minor Changes


Adoption and Improvement of RET in 3GPP 3GPP-RET Specification Release 6

Adoption of RET and TMA


Adoption of TMA in 3GPP 3GPP-RET/TMA Spec Release 7 Different HW & SW versions may be required to fulfill AISG1.1, AISG2.0 or 3GPP Standard 56


Introduction to AISG / 3GPP 3GPP vs AISGNew SW commands Extension of existing SW commands Modified download sequence Partly different parameter list for commands Different return codes Less room for different interpretation Support of multi devices (RET) Layer 2 device scan address assignment different Improved scan behaviour

Weakness in AISG specification eliminated Improved system behaviour57


Introduction to AISG / 3GPP Document Status Jan 2008

AISG Standard No. AISG1: Issue 1.1=> devices in the field and new devices are running out

Standard

No. AISG v2.0

=> devices ready and are coming in the field

3GPP Release 6 (finished, just corrections)=> 3GPP TS 25.460: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: General Aspects and Principles (V6.20) => 3GPP TS 25.461: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: Layer 1 (V6.50) => 3GPP TS 25.462: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: Signalling Transport" (V6.51) => 3GPP TS 25. 463: " UTRAN Iuant Interface: Application part (V6.70)

Release 7 (currently in work)=> 3GPP TS 25.460: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: General Aspects and Principles (V7.10) => 3GPP TS 25.461: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: Layer 1 (V7.50); (V8.1.0) => 3GPP TS 25.462: "UTRAN Iuant Interface: Signalling Transport (V7.40) => 3GPP TS 25. 466: " UTRAN Iuant Interface: Application part (V7.30); (V8.2.0)

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPP Known differences: AISG2.0 and 3GPP-Rel7 / Status Jan 2008Layer1IssueRS485 PowerOn

AISG 2.0bus termination + connector + pinning TMA data retained after power ON (Mode, Gain, Add Data, User Data not defined not stated

3GPP Rel7

Layer 2Issue3GPP Release ID AISG Protocol Version Substance Version

AISG 2.0PI5 = 6 (due to reference) or 7 PI20 = 2 PI21 PI5 = 7

3GPP Rel7

PI20 not supported PI21 not supported

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Introduction to AISG / 3GPP Known differences: AISG2.0 and 3GPP-Rel7 / Jan 2008Layer 7IssueTMA SetMode return code description

AISG 2.0Chapter 8.4.1. : Major+MinorTMAFault in bypass and set to normal is received Chapter 8.4.4 + 8.4.5 MinorTMAFault/MajorTMAFault with descriptionno statement

3GPP Rel7Chapter 6.8.1. : Major+MinorTMAFault and set to normal is received and not possible to set Chapter 6.8.4 + 6.8.5 MinorTMAFault/MajorTMAFault without description Chapter 6.2.2.procedure

kathrein‘s remote electrical tilt system (ret)

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