KENYA’S DRAFT NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE FRAMEWORK POLICY (2014)

Presented by Omondi Okwany

INTRODUCTION

• Climate Change is a reality in Kenya,• Justification; the need to

address climate change in focus of UNFCCC Knowledge

INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT

• IPCC report on Africa’s Vulnerability to Climate Change (the impacts manifestation in Kenya)

• Ratification or The legal binding of Kenya and the International Organization (UNFCCC)

• Disjointment (incrementalism) of EACCCMP

JUSTIFICATION OF THE POLICY

• Kenya’s Constitution (Chapter 5)• Section paper No.10 2012 (Kenya Vison 2030)• National Climate Change Strategic Plan (2010)• National Climate Change Action Plan (2013-

2017)• From civil societies to Government

commitment in Climate Change through policy

SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN KENYA

• Meteorological report on Temperature and rainfall patterns

• Empirical data • Periodic research (estimation from 1960s)• Ecological role of Mountains (Glacier observation

on MT Kenya)• Droughts and Floods (20years finding)

KEY AREAS OF CONCERN • Trade • Extractive industries • Energy• Physical infrastructure• Tourism • Health • Environment, Water and Forestry• Agricultultural sector, Livestock and Fisheries

GAPS IN GOVERNANCE

• Lack of clear Policy and law created overlap of responsibility within Government institution• Lack of mainstreaming climate

change into institutional functions

MAJOR EMITTERS

• Agriculture, Forestry other land Use (AFOLU). Mainly from lifestock and deforestation

• Energy sector 16%• Transportation 10% or 6.02 metric tons• Industrial processes 2.62 metric tons• Waste 0.78 metric tons

CLIMATE CHANGE OPPORTUNITIES

• Green Economy• Green jobs• Food security• Carbon market • Citizen participation of climate governance

through county and national government• Exercising Article 42 of the Kenyan

constitution

GOAL

• Enhanced resilience to climate change resilience and low carbon development for the prosperity and sustainable development of Kenya.

OBJECTIVES • Establish an effective institutional

framework to, and mainstream climate change response into relevant sectors and into planning, decision-making and implementation, at both national and county levels.

• Reduce vulnerability to the impacts of climate change by building adaptive capacity, enhancing climate resilience and strengthening capacity for disaster risk reduction. (Kenya’s economy is transitioning hence the need to incorporate mitigation measures therefore mitigation capacity strengthening)

OBJETIVES CONT…

• Catalyze Kenya’s transition to cleaner, lower emission and less carbon intensive development

• Incentivize private sector involvement in building climate change resilience and engagingin low carbon development opportunities by removing barriers

• Facilitate widespread public awareness, participation, ownership and oversight of Kenya’s climate change response efforts and action plans.

OBJECTIVES CONT…• Provide a framework to mobilize

resources for climate change response as well as related effective and transparent utilization of the resources.

• Adopt intergenerational, special needs, and gender mainstreaming approach across all aspects of Kenya’s climate change response.

• Provide the policy framework to facilitate effective implementation of regularly updated and scientifically based climate change action plans.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES • Partnership• Cooperative government• Equity and Social inclusion• Integrity and transparency• Common but differentiated responsibilities and

respective capabilities• Right to a Clean and Healthy Environment (Kenyan

constitution article 42) • Right to Sustainable Development• Special needs and circumstances• Avoiding maladaptation

THE KEY PILLARS OF THE POLICY

• Low carbon climate resilient development • Mainstreaming climate change into planning

process • Research, Education, Knowledge and public

awareness• Climate Governance• Implementation Framework

LOW CARBON CLIMATE RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT; POLICY STATEMENT • Put in place mechanisms for sustainable utilization

of natural resources to enhance climate resilience (Mitigation) and adaptive capacity to protect the natural capital of Kenya.

• Mainstream climate resilience into national and county government development plans and processes.

• Ensure integration of climate change risk and vulnerability assessment in Environment Impact Assessment and Strategic Environment Assessment.

LCCRD POLICY STATEMENT CONT…

• Identify and implement priority adaptation actions across key social, environmental and economic sectors under the framework of a national adaptation plan to attain a systemic and positive impact in the short to medium term

• Develop incentives to facilitate climate resilience actions of the public, private and other actors through appropriate policy reforms

• Develop mechanisms to build capacity for, and mainstream climate related disaster risk reduction and management for Kenya

LCCRD POLICY STATEMENT CONT…

• Promote public and stakeholder consultation and participation including vulnerable groups to enhance climate resilience. (A policy should be very precise hence be specific on vulnerable groups i.e. women, youth and special needs groups)

TOWARDS A LOW CARBON GROWTH; POLICY STATEMENT• Identify fiscal, taxation and other policy options for

public and private sector actors to implement in priority areas with high abatementfor GHG emissions, and enhance sustainable development.

• Mainstream low carbon growth options into the planning processes and functions of the national and county governments.

• Put in place mechanisms to establish a GHG inventory to achieve efficient and effective collection, recording and sharing of GHG emissions data.

POLICY STATEMENT CONT…

• In view of strategic interests, consider participating in voluntary emissions reductions programmes when they support the country’s sustainable development goals and achieve mitigation co-benefits.

• Put in place mechanisms to promote clean technologies in all sectors of economic development.

• Promote the creation of green jobs by establishing an enabling policy framework for investment and creating business friendly regulatory environments in key areas such as renewable energy, clean manufacturing, agro-forestry and sustainable agriculture (As mentioned above, transport is a high emitter therefore adoption of clean (non pollutant) mobility is crucial hence investment in Non Motorized Transport. )

MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE CHANGE INTO PLANNINGPROCESS; POLICY STATEMENT

• Mainstream climate change response into national and county planning processes, including economic planning, national development policies, performance contracting, and the short to medium term budget making process.

• Develop a framework and tools for mainstreaming climate change responses into county government planning and budget procedures.

• Ensure that national planning processes and documents mainstream climate risk analysis, vulnerability assessments, and identify opportunities to build climate resilient and achieve low carbon development.

• Establish institutional framework and capacity to coordinate and enhance mainstreaming at sector level

• Put in place mechanisms linking climate change data and information with national and county planning processes

RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY STATEMENT

• Identify the research and technologyneeds and promote strategic, continuous and systematic climate change-related research, impact and vulnerability assessments, technology development and diffusion.

• Put in place mechanisms to encourage and facilitate endogenous climate change technological development

• Enhance the capacity of public, private and civil society sectors, and research institutions, to research, develop and support utilization of technological innovations

• Develop strategies to enhance and maintain the human capacity in all sectors and institutions involved in endogenous research and technological innovation

RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY STATEMENT

• Identify and implement incentives for the private sector and institutions of higher learning to undertake R&D and develop affordable and locally adaptable technologies for effective climate change management. (Not only adaptable but also focusing on mitigation in effective and efficient technologies)

• Enhance linkages between academia, industry and global climate change innovation institutions.

• Put in place mechanisms to enhance resource mobilization for climate change research.

EDUCATION AND PUBLIC AWARENES; POLICY STATEMENT

• Put in place a strategy for identifying, refining and disseminating climate change knowledge to the public and other stakeholders in user-friendly form

• Incorporate climate change knowledge into government implemented public awareness initiatives including civic education and extension programmes

• Collaborate with,and support private sector and civic society in incorporating climate change knowledge intoadvocacy and public awareness raising programmes.

• Strengthen the capacity and ensure sufficient resourcing of new and existing institutions engaged in climate change response to perform clearly defined roles and functions.

• Develop and implement curricular that mainstreams climate change knowledge in context of specific learning content or disciplines for basic, tertiary and university level education (There is need to meet theory and practice and therefore the policy should enhance practical learning )

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION; POLICY STATEMENT

• Facilitate establishment and operation of a climate change information hub and clearinghouse to generate, coordinate, collect, collate, store, retrieve and disseminate reliable, high quality and up-to-date data and information at the climate change resource centre.

• Facilitate setting up of climate change information hubs at county level to collect primary information, and act as dissemination points for refined knowledge

• Strengthen mechanisms and systems for the generation of climate change data and information including ensuring improved accessibility of the information by key stakeholders.

• Develop a comprehensive communication plan to enhance dissemination of credible and reli able climate change information and research findings.

• Document and promote application of traditional indigenous knowledge and practices on climate change.

• Mainstream gender analysis into climate change knowledge and information management • Implement mechanisms to facilitate and supportaccess to climate change information

CLIMATE CHANGE GOVERNANCE; POLICY STATEMENT

• Put in place overarching climate change legislation to provide the framework for coordinated implementation of climate change responses and action plan.

• Put in place a high-level institutional coordination mechanism with high-level political convening power to enhance inter-sectoral response to climate change

• • Put in place a technical institutional framework to guide policy and functional

implementation of climate change legal obligations of the national and county governments

• Regularly review and amend relevant sectoral laws and policies in order to integrate climate change policy considerations and implement priority actions in respective sectors.

• Put in place mechanism for public consultation and participation in climate change governance at all levels of government

• Strengthen coordination and capacity for international climate change negotiations

CLIMATE FINANCE AND OTHER RESOURCES; POLICY STATEMENT

• Adopt a climate finance strategy and establish an appropriate fund mechanism that enables implementation of current and future priority actions for climate resilience and adaptive capacity and low carbon growth.

• Explore possible collaborations and avenues to attract internal and external climate finance through foreign direct investment, and other multilateral or bilateral funding for climate change response.

• Put in place a mechanism and criteria for balance in allocation of mobilized climate finance to adaptation and mitigation actions

• Develop policy and strategies to enhance Kenyan capacity to engage in carbon market activities, strengthen the viability of domestic carbon assets production and increase access to international carbon markets.

CONT…

• Promote private sector involvementin climate finance opportunities through the introduction of incentives, removal of investment barriers, promotion of a conducive investment climate and the facilitation of access to finance.

• Adopt and implement sectors specific anti-corruption transparency, accountability and integrity mechanismsto safeguard prudent management of climate finance.

• Develop and implement Public -Private Partnerships for Climate Change response.

• Put in place a framework for tracking sources, application and impacts of climate finance

MAINSTREANING ISSUES OF GENDER, YOUTH AND SPECIAL NEED GROUPS IN CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIONS; POLICY STATEMENT

• Ensure that climate change response is equally beneficial to both women and men and enhances gender equality and equity

• Undertake systematic gender analysis of climate change response, through the collection and utilization of gender-disaggregated data, including in relation to budgetary processes.

• Ensure that marginalization and vulnerability arising from gender disparities are addressed at all stages of climate change response.

• Adopt a gender mainstreaming approach at all stages of the climate change policy cycle from research, to analysis, to the design and implementation of actions.

• Put in place mechanism to ensure and enhance the participation of the youth in climate change governance and opportunities

• Undertake a systemic analysis of the various special needs and ensure that planning and climate change responses mainstream participation and protections to persons with special needs

CLIMATE CHANGE MEASUREMENT, REPORTING AND BENEFIT MEASUREMENT; POLICY STATEMENT

• Establish an integrated framework implementing MRVfor outcomes and benefits of mitigation, adaptation and climate finance actions in achievement of low carbon climate resilient development.

• Prioritize the use of existing MRV processes, data collection and information management systems to ensure efficiency in climate change related monitoring, reporting and benefit measurement.

• Ensure that national MRV system is transparently linked with national sustainable development planning, budgeting and monitoring system.

IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK;POLICY STATEMENT

• Prepare and implement comprehensive, fully costed and periodically reviewed climate change action plans under the framework of this Policy.

• Ensure that climate change action plans for implementation of this Policy are aligned with the regular Medium Term Plans (MTP) of Vision 2030.

• Facilitate continuous consultations across all sectors, interest groups and the public on identification of priority actions and to review policy implementation through action plans.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION; POLICY STATEMENT

• Establish mechanisms for the review and evaluation of implementation of this Policy through mainstreaming of climate change actions by sectoral departments and county governments

• Put in place mechanisms to utilize performance contracting as a tool for review and evaluation of inputs and outputs under this Policy

• Collaborate with County governments in setting up M&E procedures of climate change policy at county level

• Set up a task force within the State Department to undertake M&E of this Policy over five year intervals in line with the Climate Change Action Plans, and the Medium Term Plans of Vision 2030.

• Disseminate the outcome of the review and evaluation for public and stakeholder discussion, and for parliamentary and county assembly debate and oversight.

• Put in place procedures to facilitate feedback and learning from public and stakeholder contributions, learning from the M&E outcomes, and for effecting

appropriate changes to behaviour.

RESOURCE MOBILIZATION; POLICY STATEMENT

• Integrate resourcing for climate change institutions and actions into national and county budgetary processes.

• Mobilize substantial levels of climate finance to fund implementation of this Policy.

• Put in place mechanisms to attract and leverage PPPs as a vehicle for resource mobilization and enhancing private sector participation in low carbon climate resilient development activities

COLLABORATION AND STAKEHOLDERS PARTICIPATION; POLICY STATEMENT

• Put in place and operationalize a climate change public participation strategy.

• Ensure that public participation enhances consultation and awareness of citizens, including facilitating equitable roles for men and women, persons with special needs, and the youth

• Establish and sustain partnership with various categories of climate change stakeholders including development partners and the sectoral departments