key cities
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Key Cities. Aditi Sharma and Sunnie Lee WHAP Period: 4. CHAPTER 5 - Iran. Persepolis Cyrus began Achaemenids ’ rule, defeated Medes Built by Darius I extended Persian control and organized the government Near Elam and Mesopotamia Geographical center of the empire - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Aditi Sharma and Sunnie LeeWHAP
Period: 4
Key Cities
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CHAPTER 5 - Iran
Persepolis Cyrus began Achaemenids’ rule, defeated Medes Built by Darius I extended Persian control and
organized the government Near Elam and Mesopotamia Geographical center of the empire Had important skilled workers
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• New cit ies after Dark Age• New Intel lectual Currents
• Humanism• New technologies• Pre-Socrates, new philosophies
CHAPTER 5 - Archaic Greece (800-480 BCE)
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CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 2)
AthensPolitical, Cultural and Economic
RenaissanceLarge population & Fertile land Important government reformers
Solon Pisistratus Pericles
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CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 3)
Sparta Southern part of Greek mainland Military state (because of fear of helot-uprising) Invaded areas (i.e. Messenia) Used hoplite tactics Economic, political and cultural reinassance was
suppressed, military aspects overruled Weren’t normal, didn’t trade Almost communist-like
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CHAPTER 5 – Classical Greece (480 BCE-323 BCE)
Persian Wars Struggles between Persia and Greece (Delian League)
Dominant rule of AthensSocrates and Plato (new philosophies, Plato’s
Academy, new take on education)Athenian navy Athenian power/ruleInequality in society
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• Alexander the Great (son of Phil l ip II) gained power after/because of Peloponnesian War• Alexander favored Persian elements but bui lt Greek-style cit ies
Hellenistic Age
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CHAPTER 5 – Hellenistic Age
Three Kingdoms:Ptolemies (Egypt)
Did not enforce Greek culture/ways Alexandria: Located between Egypt and Mesopotamia
Seleucids (Eastern areas) Persian-style government
Antigonid (Macedonia and Greece) Homogeneous Population
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• Ruled lands in the Mediterranean Sea• Used their natural resources• First ruled by 7 Kings and transformed into a republic
The Romans
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Chapter 6: Roman Republic
Roman Republic Leaders Two Consuls Senate The Tribune : Patron/ Client Relationship
Shared privileges of citizenshipConquest Wars and Expansion
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Failure of the Roman Republic
Failure of the Republic Decline in military and senate power Gauis Marius : led to private armies under generals. Civil wars = resulted from loyalty to generals Augustus ends the republic and creates the Roman
Principate
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• Urban Empire• Granted Cit izenship
Roman Empire
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Roman Empire
Carthage & Other Cities Large populations = Strains on resources Elegant Townhouses & Villas Town Councils maintained law & order Lavish Amenities & Attractions Pax Romana : Safety & Stable life guranteed Aqueducts
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Rise of the Byzantine Empire
Constantinople Built by Constantine More educated & Christian population Capital of the Byzantine empire
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• Founder: Shi Huangdi• Total itarian Structure • Unified the Chinese Civi l ization = Standardization• Confucianism & Legalism
Qin Dynasty
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• Founder: Liu Bang• Combined Legalism with Confucianism• Mil i tary Expansion• Formation of the Gentry
Han Dynasty
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The Han Empire
Chang’an Located in the Wei Valley Protected by a ring of hills High walls protected important areas Important city on the Silk Road
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• First Central ized Empire of India• Founder: Chandragupta Maurya• Based on Buddhism
The Mauryan Empire
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• Located near Trade Routes•Founder: Chandragupta•Based on Hinduism
The Gupta Empire
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The Gupta Empire
Pataliputra “Theater State” Located on Trade Routes Capital of the Empire Fertile Land
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Southeast Asia
**better map on pg. 191 in your textbooks!
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Important Cities in South East Asia
FunanSrivijaya
Capital of Srivijayan Kingdom Dominated Indian Ocean Trade Route Navigable Rivers Sumatran Sea Port
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• Trade route for Mediterranean & China• From Antioch – Chang’an
Silk Road
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• Trade across Indian Ocean & South China Sea• Used monsoon winds to navigate
Indian Ocean Maritime System
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•Trade in caravan cit ies across the Sahara
Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes
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Cities on the Trans Saharan Caravan Rotes
New technologies (camel breeding, stirrups, etc.)
Saba Caravan city near the coast Trading center with diverse populations
Petra Caravan City Traded native products
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•Rival of the Byzantine•Followers of Zoroastrianism•Ruled in Iran
Sassanid Empire
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**This is the end of Chapter 8. Chapter 9 is Islam, which Maddie, Shahriyar and Sydney did a good job of explaining. Mrs. Hallgren will be going over Chapters 10 and 11 for the quiz in class! This powerpoint covers Chapters 5-12 and will be up on Edmodo and Facebook to use as another study tool for the test on Tuesday. Good luck guys! :D
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Key Cit ies : Mecca & Medina
Islamic Kingdoms
**You guys should know this from Maddie, Sydney and Shahriyar’s presentation!
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• Rule of the Pope• Influenced by Christ ianity•Strongly dis l iked Paganism•Monastism•Crusades on pg. 270
Western Church
**Better map on pg. 258 in your textbooks!
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• Founder: Constantine•Capital : Constantinople•Paganism died easi ly
Byzantine Empire
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• Founder : Vladimir I•Orthodox Christ ianity•Dependent on Byzantine
Kievan Russia
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• Built Grand Canal•Unified China•Strong influence of Buddhism•(another) Chang’an
Sui Empire
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• Founder : Li Shimin• Decedents of the Turks• Tributary City
Tang Empire
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Tang Empire Cities
(yet another) Chang’an Cultural & Economic Capital Near the Grand Canal & Wei River Valley Sea Port Destination of Tributes
Canton (Guangzhou) Coastal city Connected to the Capital
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Empires during Tang Rein
Uigur and Tibetan Empire Uigurs = Turkish group with ties to Islam and China Tibet: Islamic, Indian, Chinese & Greek Culture
Friendly with the Tang, liked Buddhism at first Ended with Monastic Rule
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Post Tang Empires
Song Empire Largest successor of the Tang empire Capital: Kaifeng
Liao Challenged the Song empire Northern China
Jin Empire Ruled by the Jurchens Southern Song Empire
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Key cities in the Song Empire
Hangzhou Advanced technology allowed flow of the river
through the city avoided the Burbonic plague Multistory wooden apartments & narrow streets Large population Expertise in water supply & waste management Amenities : Restaurants, Parks and Tea Houses
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Korean, Japanese & Vietnamese Empires
Koryo Allied with the Song & disliked Jin and Liao. Used movable type print
Japan Yamato Empire
Capital: Nara & Kyoto Influenced greatly by Chinese empires
Kamakura Shogunte Military Regimine rule of Japan
Vietnam Ammam Empire
Modeled after Chinese empires Rivals with Champa Government resembled early Tang
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Mesoamerican Classical Period
Teotihuacan Civilization Most important civilization of Mesoamerica Rapid Population growth Religious Detailed Architecture Relatively Peaceful, Military = important
Mayan Civilization Shared similar culture Powerful cities controlled rural cities Lasted through Classical period
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Mesoamerican Post Classical
The Toltecs Similar to the Teotihuatican Based on military power Two kings or chieftains ruled One ruler was exiled and led to decline
The Aztecs Twin Capitals : Tenochititlan and Tlateloclo Military success = empire Tribute system & Long distance Trade
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Northern People
Anasazi Chaco Canyon = community
Mound Building Cultures Adena Hopewell Mississippian
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Andean Civilizations
Moche Military Control
Chimu Powerful Coastal Civilization
Tiwanku Highly stratified society
Wari military power ended Moche
Incas initially a chiefdom that expanded with conquest Expanded trade system