key issues in distance education
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Distance Education and the Internet TECH4101
Dr. Alaa SadikInstructional & Learning Technologies Department
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Lecture Two Key Issues in Distance Education- The educational relationship in DE
- Interaction at a distance
Distance Education and the Internet TECH4101
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In face-to-face education:The teacher can play an essential role in facilitating learning and supporting students. How?
prepare lessons, discuss students, manage the class, select the needed technology, suggest activities, assess students and provide reinforcement.
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:Although DE is recognised by the separation between the tutor and learners, an important role can be played by distance tutors. How?
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:Although DE is recognised by the separation between the tutor and learners, an important role can be played by distance tutors. How?
deliver instructional materials, suggest learning resources, use appropriate interaction technology, respond to students’ questions. select the appropriate form of assessment.
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:
Therefore, a DE environment has two main components: The subject matter The dialogue
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:
Therefore, a DE environment has two main components: The subject matter (course designer’ role, later in this course) The dialogue (tutor’s role)
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:
Components of DE environments:
The dialogue (tutor’s role)Important for activating the use of new knowledge and facilitating assessment of students’ progress.
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:
Components of DE environments:
The dialogue (tutor’s role)
How can be achieved?
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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In distance education:
Components of DE environments:
The dialogue (tutor’s role)
The tutor may visit the distant site, or students may take a trip to a central site.
The tutor may use technology to interact and support students.
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
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The dialogue (tutor’s role)The dialogue in the absence of two-way communication technology (e.g., printed materials, TV and phone calls).
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
Model 1
T eac her S tudent
Content( i.e. , in form ation)
Develop
Deliver
Interact
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The dialogue (tutor’s role)The dialogue using two-way communication technology (e.g., the Internet)
The Educational Relationship in Distance Education
T e a c he r S tude nt
C o n t e n t
In t e ra c t io n
M e dium
In t e ra c t io n
C o n t e n t
Model 2
The same medium can be used to distribute the content and facilitate interaction
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InteractionA process of communication that happens between the learner and the learning environment (the tutor, students and the learning content) in which the learner takes a more positive role.
Interactivity has been described as a key to success in traditional classroom to enhance learning and motivate learners.
Interaction at a Distance
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Types of Interaction
Social interaction Student-instructor interactionStudent-student interaction
Individual interaction Student-content interaction
Interaction at a Distance
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Social Interaction
Student-instructor interaction
Occurs between the learner and the instructor.
Why?
To motivate and support the learner and allows for clarification of any misunderstanding.
Interaction at a Distance
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Social Interaction
Student-Student interaction
Occurs between one learner and another learner, with or without the presence of an instructor. Used to negotiate information and share learning experience.
Interaction at a Distance
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Individual Interaction
Learner-content interaction
Occurs between the learner and the learning content to bring about changes in the learner’s understanding.
Interaction at a Distance
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Types of Social Interaction
Time-dependent (synchronous) Time-independent (asynchronous)
Interaction at a Distance
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Types of Social Interaction
Time-dependent (synchronous)
Using real-time communication technology (e.g., telephone, video conferencing, chatting…)
Interaction at a Distance
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Types of Social Interaction
Time-independent (asynchronous)
Using communication tools (e.g., fax, e-mail, discussion boards…).
Interaction at a Distance
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Encouraging interaction at a distance. Student-instructor interaction.
Student-instructor interaction can be constructed and fostered in DE. How?
Using various strategies
group-based collaborative projects, presentation boards, tutor questioning.
Interaction at a Distance
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Encouraging interaction at a distance. Student-student interaction
Student-student interaction can be constructed and fostered in DE. How?
Using various strategies
… … …
Interaction at a Distance
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Encouraging interaction at a distance: How? Student-content interaction
Student-content interaction can be constructed and fostered in DE. How?
Using various strategies … … …
Interaction at a Distance
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Questions & Discussions
The End